考研考博-英語-安徽礦業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽礦業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.問答題

Manygovernmentsaregrowingincreasinglydeterminedtostampoutthathasbeenreferred

A

B

C

toasthe“corruptioneruption”.

D

【答案】試題答案：C;what

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。that不能充當(dāng)賓語從句中的主語，分析句子可知從句中缺少主語，因此將that改為what。

2.單選題

Hewasregardedasagreat（

）tothecommittee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asset

B.profit

C.prosperity

D.interest

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。asset“財(cái)產(chǎn)，資產(chǎn)，有價(jià)值的人或物”；profit“利潤”；prosperity“繁榮，成功”；interest“興趣，愛好”。句意：他被視為委員會(huì)的重要人物。句中主語是he，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Thegovernmentisseekingto（

）itselffromthelatestfinancialcrisis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detach

B.extract

C.derive

D.ease

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。detach“使擺脫；派遣；使超然”；extract"提??；提煉；摘錄”；derive“源于；得自；獲得”；ease“減輕；使安心”。句意：政府正在尋求方法擺脫最近的金融危機(jī)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務(wù)長)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活動(dòng)家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人員),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(視角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thetuitions(學(xué)費(fèi))theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.（然而，人才流動(dòng)并非是世界性的。高層管理人員的流動(dòng)只傾向于一個(gè)方向：從美國向外。），可知當(dāng)前高等教育傾向于從美國招聘管理人員，A選項(xiàng)“世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)都在從美國招聘管理人員”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多積極分子被聘為管理員”，C選項(xiàng)“美國大學(xué)正在擴(kuò)招國際學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“大學(xué)校長更加注重籌款”文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.（董事會(huì)最終聘用了布魯斯?本森，一位69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動(dòng)家，因?yàn)樗芸赡茉诂F(xiàn)代大學(xué)校長的主要任務(wù)上做得很好：籌資。），可知美國大學(xué)在招聘高級(jí)管理人員時(shí)主要考慮籌資方面的能力，B選項(xiàng)“他們籌集資金的能力”正確；A選項(xiàng)“政治正確性”和C選項(xiàng)“他們在學(xué)術(shù)界的名聲”不是主要考慮的內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)“他們的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)”：根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.（籌集資金的能力很大程度上是經(jīng)驗(yàn)和需要的產(chǎn)物。），可知要求的是籌資方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而非管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.（與此同時(shí)，許多歐洲大學(xué)仍主要依賴政府資助。），可知D選項(xiàng)“它們的大部分資金來自政府”正確。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)費(fèi)一直在上漲”，B選項(xiàng)“其運(yùn)作受到政府的嚴(yán)格控制”和C選項(xiàng)“它們正在通過全球化加強(qiáng)他們的地位”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.（2003年，劍橋大學(xué)任命另一位耶魯大學(xué)前教務(wù)長艾莉森?理查德為副校長。劍橋大學(xué)公開強(qiáng)調(diào)，在她之前的工作中，她對(duì)“耶魯大學(xué)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況起到了重要的監(jiān)督作用”。），可知艾莉森?理查德成為副校長的主要原因是在籌資方面做出的貢獻(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)“她很擅長籌款”正確；沒有提到艾莉森?理查德讓劍橋大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系加強(qiáng)，B選項(xiàng)“她可以幫助加強(qiáng)與耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“她知道如何吸引海外學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“她提高了耶魯大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)地位”：文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.（外國人可以為現(xiàn)有做法提供新的視角。），可知C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)從一個(gè)新的角度來看待很多事情?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)吸引來更多的國際教員”：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.（教育的全球化意味著，更多的大學(xué)將尋求具有某種國際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，以促進(jìn)國際項(xiàng)目和吸引全球?qū)W生群體。），可知吸引的是國外的學(xué)生而非教員。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以提升大學(xué)的形象”和D選項(xiàng)“他們可以建立新的學(xué)科”：文中沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theartistandtheauthorbothtriedto（

）,thesplendorofthesunset

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.depict

B.narrate

C.describe

D.tell

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那位藝術(shù)家和那位作家都曾試圖描繪日落的壯美。

近義詞辨析。depict指用圖畫或文字描繪事物或人物；narrate更側(cè)重于“敘述，講述”的意思;describe指通過描寫、描述人或事的外表、性質(zhì)，使人得到一個(gè)清晰地印象；tell的意思是“講述”；報(bào)據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞artistandauthor“藝術(shù)家和作家”可知答案選項(xiàng)為A。

6.單選題

BillieHoliday’sreputationasagreatjazz-bluessingerrestsonherability（

）emotionaldepthtohersongs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.begiving

B.aregiven

C.togive

D.beinggiven

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。haveabilitytodosth有能力做某事。句意：比利霍樂迪，作為一位偉大的爵士布魯斯歌手，她的盛名在于能將感情融入到歌曲中。故C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Wecan’tunderstandUncleGeorge,forhealways（

）whateverhesays.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.masters

B.mumbles

C.molests

D.muzzles

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。master“控制；精通；征服”；mumble“含糊地說”；molest“騷擾，調(diào)戲；干擾”；muzzle“使······緘默”。句意：我們不能理解喬治叔叔說了什么，因?yàn)樗偸呛卣f。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorsconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.Thepanelurgeddoctorstoapplytheguidelinesinanalyzingthemassesofpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiesthatwerecollectedinthisyear’sepidemic.Muchofthatinformationhasnotbeenpublishedoranalyzed.

“Itisamatterofurgencytogetbetteranalysisandreview，”saidDr.SimonMardel,aWHOofficialwholedthetwo-daymeetingthatendedonFriday.HesaidthousandsofpotentialtherapiesandcompoundshadbeentestedsofarasresearcherstrytodeterminetreatmentsforSARS,orsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome.“WerecognizethathavingnotreatmentforSARSishinderingourabilitytocontrolanepidemicinsomanyways.”Hesaid.

Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,likedrugstofightthevirusorstrengthentheimmunesystem,aswellastraditionalChinesemedicine,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingsandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions-generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations-havemadeithardtointerpretresults.

Standardsupportivetherapylikenursing,andinseverecasestheuseofmechanicalrespiratorstohelppatientsbreathe,isthemainstayofSARScare,andhelpedmanypatientssurvive.ButdoctorsstilldonotknowhowbesttotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties.Dr.Mardelsaid.Onemethodisinvasiveventilation.Asecondmethodinvolvesblowingoxygenintothelungsthroughamask.Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees.Withoutproperanalysis,thepanelwasunabletosaydefinitivelywhichtreatmentworkedbest,orwhichcausedthemostharm.“Thereisalackofsharedinformation，”Dr.Mardelsaid,notingthatalotofdatahavenotbeenpublished.

Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthatwouldallowdoctorstoconductquickandsafeclinicaltrials,aprocessthatgenerallytakesyearstocomplete.TheworldHealthOrganization,aUnitedNationsagencydidnotreleasetheguidelines.Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.Expertsinmanycountrieshavealreadylistedthetreatmentstheywanttotest,andthehealthagencyisleavingthesedecisionstoindividualnations.

1.Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanelcanbesuedfor（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficulttointerprettheresultsofcertaintreatmentsforSARSbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtodoctors,thetwomethodstotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesboth（

）.

4.AccordingtoDr.Mardel,theguidelineswereflexiblebecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Gatheringpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiescollected

B.ConductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients

C.DeterminingtreatmentforSARS

D.PublishingalltheinformationaboutSARS

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Patientswereindifferentcountries

B.Patientsweregivenmedicinesinwidelydifferentsettings

C.Patientswereatdifferentstagesoftheillness

D.Theseconditionshadnostandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Carrytheriskofinfectinghospitalemployees

B.areeffectiveincuringpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties

C.don’truntheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees

D.provetoworkeffectivelyandcausenoharm

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SARSwouldreemergeinpoorcountries

B.nooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn

C.SARSwouldnotappearindevelopedcountries

D.nooneknewwhetherSARSwouldreturnornot

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.SARS,aDreadfulDisease

B.NoGoodMethodstoTreatSARS

C.SARSWillReturnOneDay

D.HealthPanelRecommendsNewGuidelinesonSARS

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanel定位至第一段:AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorsconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients,故選B項(xiàng)(對(duì)非典型肺炎患者進(jìn)行臨床研究)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:Thoseconditions-generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations-havemadeithardtointerpretresults,故選D項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是針對(duì)呼吸困難的SARS病人的兩種治療方法共同之處,定位至第四段:Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees(這兩種方法都有將病毒傳給醫(yī)院員工的危險(xiǎn)),故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Dr.Mardel&guidelines&flexible定位至最后一段:Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn,故選B項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。文章開篇點(diǎn)題,第一句說明主題:由世界衛(wèi)生組織提出的對(duì)SARS病人的提出的新的指導(dǎo)方針。D項(xiàng)適合做本文標(biāo)題。而A,B,C不能全面概括文章的主旨大意。

9.單選題

Somemodemanthropologistsholdthatbiologicalevolution（）notonlyhumanmorphologybutalsohumanbehavior.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasrelated

B.isrelated

C.isshaped

D.hasshaped

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。relate“有聯(lián)系”；shape“形成，塑造”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，evolution和動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，選項(xiàng)B和C可排除。句意：一些現(xiàn)代人類學(xué)家認(rèn)為，生物進(jìn)化不僅塑造了人類的形態(tài)，而且還塑造了人類的行為。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

RacingtheclockeverydayissuchasanexhaustingeffortthatwhenIactuallyhaveafewfreemoments,Itendtocollapse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.falldown

B.fallill

C.fallout

D.fallbehind

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天與時(shí)間賽跑是一種累人的工作，當(dāng)我真正有點(diǎn)空閑時(shí)間時(shí)，我感覺要……。falldown“倒塌”；fallill“生病”；fallout“脫落”；fallbehind“落后，逾期”。劃線單詞的意思是“倒塌，倒下”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ithelpsemployeestoreducetheirstress.

B.Itpreventsemployeesfromfeelingbored.

C.Itstrengthensharmonyamongemployees.

D.Ithelpsemployeestoviewthingspositively.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Weekendsareconducivetoreducingstress.

B.Humorisvitaltointerpersonalrelationships.

C.Allworkersexperiencesomeemotionalstress.

D.Humorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutinetasks.11.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Smashthetoystoreleasetheirbottled-upresentments.

B.Takethebossdollapartaslongastheyreassembleit.

C.Designandinstallstress-reducinggadgets.

D.Strikeatthebossdollashardastheylike.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

【解析】PassageOne

“Toomanypeopleviewtheirjobsasafive-dayprisonwhichtheyareparoledeveryFriday,”saysJoelGoodman,founderoftheHumorProject,ahumorconsultinggroupinSaratogaSprings,NewYork.Humorunlockstheofficeprisonbecauseitletsadultsbringsomeoftheirchildlikespirittothejob.

AccordingtoHowardPollio,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville,anofficewithhumorbreaksisanofficewithsatisfiedandproductiveemployees.[10]Pollioconductedastudythatprovedhumorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutineproductiontasks.Employeesperformbetterwhentheyhavefun.Inlargecorporationswithahierarchyofpower,thereisoftennooutletforstress.“Everycompanyneedsundergroundwaysofpokingfunattheorganization,”saysLynnM.Mark,aspeakeronworkplacehumorforSaintMary’sHealthCenterinSaintLouis.

Kodak’sRochester,NewYorkbranchdiscoveredawayforits20,000employeestouncorktheirbottled-upresentments.[9]Their1,000-square-foothumorroomfeaturesatoystore.Amongtheroom’smanystress-reducinggadgets,themainattractionisabossdollwithdetachablearmsandlegs.[11]Employeescantakethedollapartaslongastheyputitsarmsandlegsbackinplace.

SandyCohen,ownerofagraphicprintproductionbusiness,createdthequoteboardtodocumentthebizarrephrasespeoplesaywhenunderstrictdeadlines.“Whenyou’reunderstress,yousaystupidthings,”saysCohen.Nowwejustlookateachotherandsay“That’soneforthequoteboard”.

9.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouthumorintheworkplace?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于職場中的幽默，這篇短文說了什么？錄音提到了職場幽默的例子，其中一個(gè)是柯達(dá)紐約羅徹斯特分公司的humorroom“幽默房間”，該房間里有很多讓人減輕壓力的物件（stress-reducinggadgets），其中之一是可拆卸的“老板玩偶”。由此可知，職場的幽默可以讓人減輕壓力，A選項(xiàng)“它能幫助員工減輕壓力”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“它讓員工不再無聊”；C選項(xiàng)“它使員工之間的關(guān)系更和諧”和D選項(xiàng)“它幫助員工積極地看待事物”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，所以可排除。

10.WhatdoesthestudybyHowardPollioshow?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問HowardPollio的研究表明了什么？錄音提到HowardPollio的研究證明了幽默能幫助員工出色地完成日常的工作任務(wù)（humorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutineproductiontasks），D選項(xiàng)“幽默可以幫助員工在日常工作中表現(xiàn)出色”是錄音原文的復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“周末有助于減輕壓力”和B選項(xiàng)“幽默對(duì)人際關(guān)系極其重要”在錄音中均沒有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“所有的員工均遭受情緒壓力”，這并不是HowardPollio的研究結(jié)論，因此可排除。

11.WhatcanKodak’semployeesdointhehumorroom?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問柯達(dá)的員工在“幽默房間”可以做什么事？錄音提到了humorroom中有可拆卸的“老板玩偶”，員工可以把“老板玩偶”拆掉，不過拆后得把玩偶的手和腳拼回去。B選項(xiàng)中的reassembleit“重新組裝”對(duì)應(yīng)錄音的putitsarmsandlegsbackinplace，因此B選項(xiàng)“把‘老板玩偶’拆掉，拆后再重新組裝”正確。A選項(xiàng)“把玩具砸碎以發(fā)泄?jié)M腔怨恨”和D選項(xiàng)“狠狠地揍‘老板玩偶’，多狠都可以”表述過于絕對(duì)，忽略了“拆后重新組裝”這個(gè)條件，因此不正確；C選項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)、安裝減輕壓力的物件”在錄音中沒有提及，因此可排除。

12.翻譯題

1.Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinhelpingtheinternationalcommunityintheprocessoferadicatingextremepovertyby2030.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopeningupinthelate1970s,Chinahashelpedasmanyas400millionpeopleoutofpoverty.Inthenextfiveyears,Chinawillprovideassistancetootherdevelopingcountriesinpovertyreduction,educationdevelopment,agriculturalmodernization,environmental,protection,healthcareandsoon.Chinahasmaderemarkableprogressinpovertyalleviation,andithasmadeunremittingeffortsinpromotingeconomicgrowth.Thiswillencourageotherpoorcountriestocopewiththeirowndevelopmentchallenges.ThesecountriescanlearnfromChina’sexperienceinseekingthepathofdevelopmentwiththeirowncharacteristics.

【答案】1.中國在幫助國際社會(huì)到2030年消除極度貧困的進(jìn)程中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。自上世紀(jì)70年代末實(shí)施改革開放以來，中國已幫助多達(dá)4億人擺脫貧困。未來5年里，中國將在減貧、教育發(fā)展、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、環(huán)境保護(hù)、衛(wèi)生保健等方面向其他發(fā)展中國家提供援助。中國在減貧方面取得了顯著進(jìn)展，在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方面做出了不懈努力。這將鼓勵(lì)其他貧困國家應(yīng)對(duì)自身的發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)。這些國家在尋求具有自身特色的發(fā)展道路時(shí)，可以借鑒中國的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

13.單選題

Mypain（）apparentthemomentIwalkedintotheroom,forthefirstmanImetaskedsympathetically:“Areyoufeelingallright?”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustbe

B.musthavebeen

C.hadbeen

D.hadtobe

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的用法。由原文句意可知，當(dāng)我進(jìn)房間的時(shí)候，我的痛苦一定很明顯，因?yàn)榈谝粋€(gè)看到我的人就同情地問我“你沒事吧”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，for連接并列句，補(bǔ)充說明前文推測的原因。再通過walked可知，空缺處是對(duì)過去的事實(shí)進(jìn)行肯定的推測，因此應(yīng)選用musthavebeen。故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

______bythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Surrounded

B.Havingsurrounded

C.Surrounding

D.Tosurround

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Surrounded被包圍B.Havingsurrounded包圍

C.Surrounding包圍D.Tosurround包圍

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處要填入一個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞，邏輯主語為kidnappers（綁架者），和動(dòng)詞surround（包圍）之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞形式。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)都表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

【句意】綁架者在警察的包圍下別無選擇，只好投降。

15.單選題

Ideasabout“spoiling”childrenhawalwaysinvolvedconsiderationofjustwhatisaspoiledchild,howdoesspoilingoccur,andwhataretheconsequencesofspoiling.Theyhavealwaysincludedconceptsofachild’snatureandconceptsoftheidealchildandtheidealadults.

Themanymothersof1820whobelongedtotheearly“maternalassociations”struggledtoupholdtheideasaboutchildraisingthathadbeenprevalentintheeighteenthcentury.Theyhadalwaysbeentoldthatthespoiledchildstoodindangerofhavingtroublelaterinlife(whenexposedtoallthetemptationoftheworld)and,moreimportantly,stoodindangerofspiritualruin.

Atfirst,theonlyapproachthesemotherknewwasto“breakthewill”ofthechild.Thisapproach,cominginitiallyfromthetheologyofCalvin,theFrenchProtestantreformer,wasinheritedfromthesternoutlookofthePuritans.Asonemotherwrote“Nochildhaseverbeenknown,sincetheearliestperiodoftheworld,destituteofanevildisposition-howeversweetitappears.”Infantdepravity,bywhichwasmeantthechild’simpulses,couldbecurbedonlybybreakingthewillsothatthechildsubmittedimplicitlytoparentalguidance.

In1834,amotherdescribedthistechnique:Uponthefather’sorder,her16-month-olddaughterhadrefusedtosay“DearMama”,sothetoddlerwasaloneinaroomwhereshescreamedwildlyfortenminutes.Afterthetenminutes,thechildwascommandedagain,andagainsherefused,soshewaswhippedandorderedagain.Thiscontinuedforfourhoursuntilthechildfinallyobeyed.Parentscommonlyreportedthatafteronesuchtrialof“will”,thechildbecamepermanentlysubmissive.Inpassing,wecannotethatknowledgeaboutachild’s“No”periodmighthavemoderatedthediscipliningoflittlechildrenandtheapplicationoftheproverb“Sparetherodandspoilthechild.”

Byfreeingthechildfromitsevilnature,parentsbelievedtheycouldthenguidethechildintoacquiringtherightcharactertraits,suchashonesty,industriousnessandsobriety.Thesemoralprinciplesfixedinthechild’scharacter,weretogovernitthroughoutlife,inasocietywherefreeenterprise,individualeffort,andcompetitionwerebelievedtobetherulingforces.

1.Whentheauthortalksaboutideasconsideredin“thespoilingofchildren”,hedoesnotinclude______.

2.Accordingtothearticle,themothersof1820weredeterminedto______.

3.Calvinismentionedinthisarticletoshow______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thenatureofachild

B.attitudesofspoiledchildrenwhentheybecomeadults

C.reasonswhyspoilingoccurs

D.consequencesfromspoilingachild

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.developindependenceintheirchildren

B.avoidexposingtheirchildrentospiritualruin

C.broadentheexperiencesoftheirchildren

D.setgoodexamplesoftheirchildren

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thederivationofthesternoutlookofthePuritans

B.Frenchinfluenceinthedisciplineofchildren

C.adissentingviewinthespoilingchildren

D.howthereformationmoderatedtheseverediscipline

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段Ideasabout“spoiling”childrenhawalwaysinvolvedconsiderationofjustwhatisaspoiledchild,howdoesspoilingoccur,andwhataretheconsequencesofspoiling.Theyhavealwaysincludedconceptsofachild’snatureandconceptsoftheidealchildandtheidealadults.（關(guān)于“溺愛”孩子的觀點(diǎn)總是涉及到什么是被寵壞的孩子，溺愛是如何發(fā)生的，溺愛的后果是什么。他們總是包括孩子的本性的概念和理想的孩子和理想的成人的概念）。B選項(xiàng)“被寵壞的孩子長大成人后的態(tài)度”，文章所說的是理想的成人的概念，B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“孩子的天性”，文中提到孩子的天性，A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)生溺愛的原因”，文章有所提到，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“溺愛孩子的后果”，在文章中有所體現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。我們可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Theyhadalwaysbeentoldthatthespoiledchildstoodindangerofhavingtroublelaterinlifeand,moreimportantly,stoodindangerofspiritualruin.（他們總是被告知，被寵壞的孩子在以后的生活中會(huì)有麻煩，更重要的是，有精神毀滅的危險(xiǎn)）。B選項(xiàng)“避免讓他們的孩子受到精神的毀滅”，文章所說，被寵壞的孩子會(huì)有精神毀滅的危險(xiǎn)，可推測1820年的母親會(huì)避免孩子受到精神毀滅，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng)孩子的獨(dú)立性”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“拓寬孩子們的經(jīng)歷”，文章沒有提到拓寬孩子的經(jīng)歷，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“為孩子們樹立好榜樣”，文章沒有提到為孩子樹立榜樣，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干我們可以定位到文章第三段第二句Thisapproach,cominginitiallyfromthetheologyofCalvin,theFrenchProtestantreformer,wasinheritedfromthesternoutlookofthePuritans.（這種方法最初來自法國新教改革家加爾文的神學(xué)，繼承了清教徒嚴(yán)厲的觀點(diǎn)）。A選項(xiàng)“清教徒嚴(yán)厲觀點(diǎn)的由來”，文章所說，加爾文的神學(xué)，繼承了清教徒嚴(yán)厲觀點(diǎn)的由來，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“法國對(duì)兒童管教的影響”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)溺愛孩子的不同意見”，文章沒有提到，加爾文的觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)溺愛孩子對(duì)的不同意見，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“宗教改革是如何緩和嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律的”，文章并沒有提到宗教改革，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

“DoyoumindifEdwardridesinyourcar?”

“Yes,Ido.I’llbegladtotake（

）Edward.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.somebodyelsethan

B.anybodybut

C.someotherpersonbut

D.anyoneelsethan

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。題目是一個(gè)情景對(duì)話，所以需要關(guān)注上下文，上文提問說‘你介意愛德華乘坐你的車嗎？’，下文回答‘是的，介意?！鶕?jù)這里我們可以推知后一句應(yīng)該是‘除了愛德華，其他人我都不介意。’anyonebutsb.為固定用法，表示“除了某人之外的所有人”，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Thefathercan’tevendisciplinehimself,______agoodexampletohischildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoset

B.muchlesssetting

C.muchlesstoset

D.stillmoresetting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)muchmore“更加；多得多”，后面接形容詞；B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”，后面可跟名詞、代詞和從句；C選項(xiàng)muchlesstodo非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)stillmore“更加”。句意：這位父親甚至不能約束自己，______給他的孩子做個(gè)好榜樣了。根據(jù)語境，這里指不能約束自己，就更加不能做個(gè)好榜樣了，B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

TheclashbetweenRealMadridandArsenalisbeing（）asthematchoftheseason.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.harbinger

B.allured

C.congested

D.lodged

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。harbinger“先驅(qū)，預(yù)兆”；allured“引誘；誘惑”；congested“充塞，充滿”；lodge“寄宿，臨時(shí)住宿”。句意：皇家馬德里和阿森納之間的沖突是這個(gè)賽季的前奏。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

It’sageneralpracticeforsmallfactoriesto___moreworkersduringtimesofprosperity,andlayoffsomewhenrecessionhits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takein

B.takeover

C.takeon

D.takeup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)takein“吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙；接待；接受；理解；拘留；欺騙；讓……進(jìn)入；改短”；B選項(xiàng)takeover“接管；接收”；C選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；具有；流行；接納；雇用；穿上”；D選項(xiàng)takeup“拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)（時(shí)間，地方）”。句意：對(duì)于小工廠來說，在經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)期___更多的工人，在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退時(shí)裁掉一些工人是普遍做法。根據(jù)和后文layoff“解雇；休息；停止工作”對(duì)比可知本句表達(dá)“在經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)期雇傭更多的工人”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Planningourvocationwemusttakethefrequent（）oftheweatherintoconsideration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transformation

B.transmission

C.transaction

D.transition

【答案】A

【解析】transformation轉(zhuǎn)化,轉(zhuǎn)換；transmission傳遞。傳播；transaction交易；transition過渡。句意：計(jì)劃假期的時(shí)候,我們必須把變化莫測的天氣考慮進(jìn)去。

21.單選題

Thetaxi-driver（

）aboutourluggageandseemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grieved

B.groaned

C.grumbled

D.growled

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grieve“使悲傷，使苦惱”；B選項(xiàng)groan“呻吟；抱怨”；C選項(xiàng)grumble“抱怨，嘟囔”；D選項(xiàng)growl“咆哮”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格部分是和后面seem并列的謂語部分，根據(jù)“seemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper看起來脾氣很壞”可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)……嘟囔”，句意為：的士司機(jī)抱怨我們的行李，看起來脾氣非常壞。答案C與之意思接近。

22.單選題

ReadthefollowingResearchFundingOpportunities.

DepartmentofAgricultureAgricultureandFoodResearchInitiativeCompetitiveGrantsProgram(AFRI)

Deadline:variesbyprogramarea

Synopsis:TheFoodandAgriculturalScienceEnhancement(FASE)Grantscomponentofthisprogramincludesfundingfornewinvestigators.Anewinvestigatorisdefinedasanindividualwhoisbeginninghis/hercareer,doesnothaveanextensivescientificpublicationrecord,andhaslessthanfouryearspostgraduate,career-trackexperience.ThenewinvestigatormaynothavereceivedcompetitivelyawardedFederalresearchfundswiththeexceptionofpre-orpostdoctoralresearchgrantsorUSDANRIorAFRISeedGrants.

DepartmentofDefenseYoungInvestigatorProgram,OfficeofNavalResearch(YIP)

Deadline:earlyJanuary

Synopsis:TheprogramsupportsacademicscientistsandengineerswhohavereceivedPh.D.orequivalentdegreeswithinthelastsixyears.TheobjectivesaretoattractoutstandingfacultymemberstotheDepartmentoftheNavy’sresearchprogram,tosupporttheirresearch,andtoencouragetheirteachingandresearchcareers.Proposalsmayrequestupto$170,000peryearforthreeyears.ONRresearchareasareavailablehere.

NewInvestigatorAwards,CongressionallyDirectedMedicalResearchPrograms(CDMRP)

Deadline:variesbyprogram

Synopsis:Fundingprogramareasvaryandmayinclude:FoodAllergies,LungCancer,MultipleSclerosis,PeerReviewedCancer,Orthopaedic,SpinalCordInjury,AmyotrophicLateralSclerosis,Autism,BoneMarrowFailure,BreastCancer,DeploymentRelatedMedical,GulfWarIllness,Minority&UnderservedPopulations,Neurofibromatosis,OvarianCancer,PeerReviewedMedical,ProstateCancer,PsychologicalHealth/TraumaticBrainInjury,TuberousSclerosisComplex.Someoftheseprogramareas,suchasPeerReviewedCancer,ProstateCancer,andTraumaticBrainInjuryhaveincludedNewInvestigatorAwards.

DepartmentofEnergyOutstandingJuniorInvestigatorProgram,OfficeofNuclearPhysics(OJIP)

Deadline:SeptemberorOctoberforletterofintent,NovemberorDecemberforapplication

Synopsis:Applicationsshouldbefromtenure-trackfacultywhoarecurrentlyinvolvedinexperimentalortheoreticaln