考研考博-英語-寶雞文理學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寶雞文理學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段對(duì)WilliamBurke進(jìn)行了解釋:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(愛爾蘭人,1829年在恩丁堡被判殺人罪--出售尸體進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn))。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(這位歷史學(xué)家說，母親在臨產(chǎn)前不久死亡或被謀殺是很罕見的，來自貧民區(qū)的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故選A。

3.推理判斷題。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理論來源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志),后面又提到medicalliterature(醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn))。故選D:18世紀(jì)倫敦大量暴力和犯罪的文學(xué)報(bào)道。

4.詞義題。此處句意為:在一個(gè)很多人都“消失”了的城市里，來自農(nóng)村的年輕婦女顯然是最受歡迎的目標(biāo)。

5.推理判斷題。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他們可能參與了謀殺目標(biāo)的說法絕對(duì)令人震驚),后面也表達(dá)了他們難以置信的態(tài)度。故選B。

2.單選題

Oneargumentusedtosupporttheideathatemploymentwillcontinuetobethedominantformofwork,andthatemploymentwilleventuallybecomeavailableforallwhowantit,isthatworkingtimewillcontinuetofall.Peopleinjobswillworkfewerhoursintheday,fewerdaysintheweek,fewerweeksintheyear,andfeweryearsinalifetime,thantheydonow.Thiswillmeanthatmorejobswillbeavailableformorepeople.This,itissaid,isthewayweshouldsetaboutrestoringfullemployment.

Thereisnodoubtthatsomethingofthiskindwillhappen.Theshorterworkingweek,longerholidays,earlierretirement,job-sharing—theseandotherwaysofreducingtheamountoftimepeoplespendontheirjobs—arecertainlylikelytospread.Amixofpart-timepaidworkandpart-timeunpaidworkislikelytobecomeamuchmorecommonworkpatternthantoday,andaflexi-lifepatternofwork-involvingpaidemploymentatcertainstagesoflife,butnotatothers—willbecomewidespread.Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.

Inthefirstplace,solongasemploymentremainstheoverwhelminglyimportantformofworkandsourceofincomeformostpeople,itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingtimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.But,secondly,ifchangesofthiskindweretotakeplaceatapaceandonascalesufficienttomakeitpossibletoshareemploymentamongallwhowantedit,theresultingsituation—inwhichmostpeoplewouldnotbeworkingintheirjobsformorethantwoorthreeshortdaysaweek―couldhardlycontinuetobeoneinwhichemploymentwasstillregardedastheonlytrulyvalidformofwork.Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.

1.TheauthorusesthenegotiationsinBritainandGermanyasanexampleto（

）.

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoimplythatasaresultofshorterworkingtime

（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfuturefullemploymentisgenerally（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supportreductionsinemployeesworkingtime

B.indicateemployeesareunwillingtosharejobs

C.provethepossibilityofsharingpaidemployment

D.showthatemploymentwillloseitsdominance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.employmentmaynotretainitsusualimportance

B.employmentmaynotberegardedasvalidwork

C.peoplecanbeengagedinfarlessunpaidwork

D.peoplecanbeengagedinfarmoreunpaidwork

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.supportive

B.wavering

C.skeptical

D.unclear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題是問作者用英國和德國的談判這個(gè)例子的目的是什么。由本文最后一段中的內(nèi)容“itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingrimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.很難看出，員工的工作時(shí)間是如何以足夠大的規(guī)模、足夠快的速度減少的，以至于有可能將可用的帶薪就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)分配給每一個(gè)想要的人。最近在英國和德國就引入每周35小時(shí)工作制的可能性進(jìn)行的談判，突顯了其中的一些困難?！笨芍岬搅诉@次談判，主要目的是為了支持減少員工們的工作時(shí)間，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。本題是問文章的最后作者想表達(dá)更短的工作時(shí)間的一個(gè)結(jié)果是什么。根據(jù)本文最后一段最后一句內(nèi)容“Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.將有如此多的人把如此多的時(shí)間花在其他活動(dòng)上，包括其他形式的有益工作，就業(yè)的首要地位必然會(huì)受到質(zhì)疑，至少在某種程度上是這樣。”可知有更短的工作時(shí)間的結(jié)果是人們就可以把時(shí)間放到更多其他的活動(dòng)或者有價(jià)值的工作中去，所以C選項(xiàng)‘人們可以從事少得多的無薪工作’正確。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本題是問作者對(duì)于未來的完全雇傭所持有的態(tài)度。A選項(xiàng)supportive“支持的”；B選項(xiàng)wavering“搖擺的，猶豫不決的”；C選項(xiàng)skeptical“懷疑的”；

D選項(xiàng)unclear“不清楚的”。根據(jù)本文第二段最后一句話寫到“Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.但是，如果認(rèn)為這將使充分就業(yè)成為可能，重新成為占主導(dǎo)地位的工作形式，那肯定是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的?！笨芍鲎髡哒J(rèn)為恢復(fù)完全雇傭?yàn)楣ぷ鞯闹饕问绞遣滑F(xiàn)實(shí)的，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Wright，acomputerscientist,isplottinganexperimentwithahumanoidrobotcalledNao.Heandhiscolleaguesplantointroducethiscuterobottopeopleonthestreetandelsewhere—whereitwilldeliberatelyinvadetheirprivacy.Uponmeetingstrangers,forexample,Naomayuseface-recognitionsoftwaretodigupsomedetailedinformationonlineaboutthem.Or,itmaytapintotheirmobilephone’slocationtrackinghistory,learnwheretheyatelunchyesterday,andaskwhattheythoughtofthesoup.

Wrightisoneofanumberofresearcherswonderingwhetherwecantrusttherobotsthatarepoisedtoenterourlives.Scientistsandscholarsarguethatifrobotsbecomeubiquitous,they’llbeabletoconstantlywatchandrecordus.Oneofthegreatestthreats,itseems,istoourprivacy.

Robotshavealreadybeenworkinginfactoriesfordecades.Somearenowinourhomes,cleaningourfloors,whileothersmaysoonkeepawatchfuleyeonusassecurityguardsorhelptakecareoftheelderly.Inthelastyearalone,Google,whichisalreadydevelopingself-drivingcars,boughteightrobotcompanies.

Yetdespiteadvancesintechnologyandinartificialintelligence,we’restillalongwayfromintelligentrobots.Whatwillempowerthem,however,isthecloud:thedistributed,networkedcomputinginwhichtheInternetlives.ByconnectingtotheInternet,robotscanretrieveinformationandaskforhelpastheynavigatetheworld,forexample.

Itwouldbethenextstepinatechnologicalevolutionalreadyunderway.“Whatwe’reincreasinglyseeingnowistheexistenceofcomputersandsensingdevicesaspartoftheinfrastructurethatsurroundsus,saysWright,basedattheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford.Withsmartphones,theriseofwearabletechnologieslikeGoogleGlass,andtheavailabilityofwireless

Internetalmosteverywhere,theInternetisembeddingitselfdeeperintoourenvironment.

“Ultimately,whatarobotisorwhatarobotrepresentsisanincreasingpresenceofcomputersasmorephysicalobjectsthatweinteractwith,”Wrightsays.“Thoseinteractionsaregoingtobeveryrich,”headds.“It’sgoingtobephysicalandpervasive.”

Perhapsthat’spartofthereasonwhysomeofthemajorwebtechnologyfirms,suchasGoogle,havebeenembracingrobotics.Someresearchersandprivacyadvocatesareconcernedthatrobotscouldactasphysicalextensionsofthesecompanies,givingthemtremendousaccessintoyourlife.

1.WhatistrueaboutthehumanoidrobotNao?

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymean?

3.GoogleismentionedinParagraph3to（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthecloud?

5.Somemajorwebtechnologyfirmsembraceroboticsbecause

（

）.

6.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusedtointrudeintopeople’sprivacy.

B.Ithasalotofdetailedinformationinitssoftware.

C.Itcantrackwherepeopleputtheirmobilephones.

D.Itcanhelppeopleorderinarestaurant.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Unique.

B.Ridiculous.

C.Commonplace.

D.Powerful.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.showthelatestdevelopmentofrobots

B.illustrateitscontributiontotheroboticindustry

C.explaintheapplicationofrobotsontheInternet

D.demonstratethewidespreaduseofrobots

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisthelatestdevelopmentinartificialintelligence.

B.Itcanhelpdevelopintelligentrobots.

C.ItisanetworkofInternet-connectedcomputers.

D.Itisanavigationtoolforworldtravelers.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.robotsmakehumaninteractionswiththeInternetmoreprevalent

B.robotscouldadvancetechnologicalrevolution

C.robotscanimprovethenaturalenvironment

D.robotscanprotectthebusinesssecretsofcompanies

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.WhatistheUnderlyingPowerofRobots?

B.Robots:CanWeTrustThemwithOurPrivacy?

C.TheEvolutionofRoboticTechnology.

D.TheFutureofRoboticTechnology.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thehumanoidrobotNao”，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第二句。根據(jù)“Heandhiscolleaguesplantointroducethiscuterobottopeopleonthestreetandelsewhere—whereitwilldeliberatelyinvadetheirprivacy.(他和他的同事們計(jì)劃把這個(gè)可愛的機(jī)器人介紹給大街上的人和其他地方的人——它會(huì)故意侵犯他們的隱私。)”,即可得出本題答案。

2.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段。根據(jù)“ifrobotsbecomeubiquitous,they’llbeabletoconstantlywatchandrecordus(如果機(jī)器人變得無處不在，它們將能夠不斷地觀察和記錄我們)”,即可得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段。根據(jù)“beenworkinginfactoriesfordecades(在工廠工作了幾十年)”“Google,whichisalreadydevelopingself-drivingcars,boughteightrobotcompanies.(谷歌公司也運(yùn)用機(jī)器人，開發(fā)了無人駕駛車，并已經(jīng)購買了8個(gè)機(jī)器人公司。)”,即可進(jìn)行合理推斷，從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第四段。根據(jù)“we’restillalongwayfromintelligentrobots.Whatwillempowerthem,however,isthecloud…(盡管目前我們離智能機(jī)器人還很遙遠(yuǎn)，但是云(cloud)是可以用來開發(fā)機(jī)器人技術(shù)的。)”即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文倒數(shù)第二段。根據(jù)““Thoseinteractionsaregoingtobeveryrich,”headds.“It’sgoingtobephysicalandpervasive.”(“這些互動(dòng)將非常豐富，”他補(bǔ)充道?！八鼘⑹俏锢淼暮推毡榈??！?”,即可得出本題答案。

6.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“researcherswonderingwhetherwecantrusttherobotsthatarepoisedtoenterourlives(研究人員想知道，我們是否能信任即將進(jìn)入我們生活的機(jī)器人)”“concernedthatrobotscouldactasphysicalextensionsofthesecompanies,givingthemtremendousaccessintoyourlife(擔(dān)心機(jī)器人會(huì)成為這些公司的實(shí)體延伸，讓它們大量進(jìn)入你的生活)”,可概括出，文章主要圍繞機(jī)器人技術(shù)的開發(fā)會(huì)不會(huì)威脅人們的隱私這一問題展開。從而得出本題答案。

4.單選題

Whatyousaynowisnot（）withwhatyousaidlastweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.permanent

D.insistent

【答案】A

【解析】consistent一致的；persistent固執(zhí)的；permanent永久的，不變的；insistent堅(jiān)持的。句意：你現(xiàn)在所說的與你上星期所說的不一致。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Fewofuscanignorechangesinourimmediateenvironment.

B.Itisimpossibleforustobeimmunefromoutsideinfluence.

C.Fewofuscanremainunawareofwhathappensaroundus.

D.Itisimportantforustokeepintouchwithourownworld.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Makeuphismindtostartalloveragain.

B.Stopmakingunfairjudgementsofothers.

C.Trytofindamoreexcitingjobsomewhereelse.

D.Recognisethenegativeimpactofhiscoworkers.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarequitesusceptibletosuicide.

B.Theyimprovepeople’squalityoflife.

C.Theysufferagreatdealfromillhealth.

D.Theyhelppeoplesolvementalproblems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

【解析】RecordingTwo

Weareverysusceptibletotheinfluenceofthepeoplearoundus.Forinstance,youmayhaveknownsomebodywhohasgoneoverseasforayearorsoandhasreturnedwithanaccentperhaps.Webecomepartofourimmediateenvironment.[19]Noneofusareimmunetotheinfluencesofourownworldandletusnotkidourselvesthatweareuntouchedbythethingsandthepeopleinourlife.Fredgoesofftohisnewjobatafactory.Fredtakeshisten-minutecoffeebreak,buttheotherworkerstakeahalf-an-hour.Fredsays,“What’sthematterwithyouguys?”Twoweekslater,Fredistakingtwenty-minutebreaks.Amonthlater,Fredtakeshishalf-hour.Fredissaying,“Ifyoucan’tbeatthem,jointhem.WhyshouldIworkanyharderthanthenextguy?”

Thefascinatingthingaboutbeinghumanisthatgenerallyweareunawarethattherearechangestakingplaceinourmentality.Itislikereturningtothecity’ssmogaftersomeweeksinthefreshair.Onlythendowerealizethatwehavebecomeaccustomedtothenastysmells.Mixwithcriticalpeople,andwelearntocriticize.Mixwithhappypeople,andwelearnabouthappiness.Whatthismeansisthatweneedtodecidewhatwewantfromlifeandthenchooseourcompany,accordingly.Youmaywellsay,“Thatisgoingtotakesomeeffort.Itmaynotbecomfortable.Imayoffendsomeofmypresentcompany.”Right,butitisyourlife.[20]Fredmaysay,“I’malwaysbroke,frequentlydepressed.I’mgoingnowhere,andIneverdoanythingexciting.”ThenwediscoverthatFred’sbestfriendsarealwaysbroke,frequentlydepressed，goingnowhereandwishingthatlifewasmoreexciting.Thisisnotcoincidence,norisitourbusinesstostandinjudgmentofFred.However,ifFredeverwantstoimprovehisqualityoflife,[20]thefirstthinghe’llneedtodoisrecognizewhathasbeengoingonalltheseyears.

[21]It’snosurprisethatdoctorsasaprofessionsufferalotofillhealthbecausetheyspendtheirlivesaroundsickpeople.Psychiatristshaveahigherincidenceofsuicideintheirprofessionforrelatedreasons.Traditionally,nineoutoftenchildrenwhoseparents’smoke,smokethemselves.Obesityisinpartanenvironmentalproblem.Successfulpeoplehavesuccessfulfriends,andsothestorygoeson.

19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutusashumanbeings?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說話人提出的關(guān)于人類的觀點(diǎn)是什么？說話人說到，我們誰也不能不受我們所在世界的影響，B選項(xiàng)“人不受外界影響是不可能的”是對(duì)錄音原文的轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“很少人能忽略我們自身所在環(huán)境的變化”和C選項(xiàng)“很少人能忽略我們身邊發(fā)生的事情”都是強(qiáng)調(diào)人們察覺到外界環(huán)境的變化，但錄音中主要講的是我們很少會(huì)意識(shí)到自己心態(tài)上的變化，因此A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)可排除；D選項(xiàng)“保持和世界的聯(lián)系很重要”不屬于說話人的觀點(diǎn)，因此也可排除。

20.WhatdoesthespeakersayFredshoulddofirsttoimprovehisqualityoflife?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問說話人認(rèn)為Fred先得做什么才能提高生活質(zhì)量？錄音中提及如果Fred想要改善他的生活質(zhì)量，他首先需要做的是認(rèn)識(shí)到這些年來發(fā)生了什么。這篇文章的主題就是人們受到自身所處環(huán)境的影響，所以說話人的言下之意是讓Fred認(rèn)識(shí)到身邊的人帶給他的負(fù)面影響。因此，D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)到身邊的人帶來的負(fù)面影響”正確。A選項(xiàng)“下定決心一切從頭再來”；B選項(xiàng)“停止不公平地評(píng)判他人”和C選項(xiàng)“去別的地方找份更令人振奮的工作”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

21.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpsychiatrists?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于精神病醫(yī)生，說話人說了什么？說話人先說到醫(yī)生這個(gè)職業(yè)會(huì)遭受很多健康問題（sufferalotofillhealth），接著指出在醫(yī)生職業(yè)中，精神病醫(yī)生的自殺率更高。由此可見，精神病醫(yī)生也遭受著很多健康問題。C選項(xiàng)“他們的健康狀況不佳”符合錄音原文，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們很容易自殺”屬于過度推斷，錄音中只是說自殺率更高，并不是說他們很容易自殺，因此不正確；B選項(xiàng)“他們提高了人們的生活質(zhì)量”，在錄音中沒有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“他們幫助人們解決心理問題”是一般性的常識(shí)，不屬于說話人的看法，因此排除。

6.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.WriteyourcorrectionsontheAnswerSheet.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiod.

1.Period→Time

Manyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliteratureasa

2.Having→/

schoolobjectarevalidforstudyoftelevision.

3.∧study→the

Agreatmanycitiesareexperiencingdifficultieswhicharenothing

newinthehistoryofcities,exceptintheirscale.Somecitieshavelosttheir

originalpurposeandhavenotfoundnewone.Andanylargeorrichcityis

1.______

goingtoattractpoorimmigrants,whofloodin,fillingwithhopesof

2.______

prosperitywhicharethenoftendisappointing.Therearebackwardtownsonthe

edgeofBombayorBrasilia,justasthoughtherewereontheedgeof

3.______

seventeenth-centuryLondonorearlynineteenth-centuryParis.Thisisnewis

4.______

thescale.Descriptionswrittenbyeighteenth-centurytravelersofthepoorof

MexicoCity,andtheenormouscontraststhatwastobefoundthere,arevery

5.______

dissimilartodescriptionsofMexicoCitytoday—thepoorcanstillbenumbered

6.______

inmillions.

Thewholemonstrousgrowthrestsoneconomicprosperity,butbehinditlies

7.______

twomyths;themythofthecityasapromisedland,thatattractsimmigrants

8.______

fromruralpovertyandbringsitfloodingintocitycenters,andthemythofthe

9.______

countryasaGardenofEden,which,afewgenerationslate,sendsthemflooding

10.______

outagaintothesuburbs.

【答案】1.∧newone→a

2.filling→filled

3.though→/

4.This→What

5.was→were

6.dissimilar→similar

7.lies→lie

8.that→which

9.it→them

10.late→later

【解析】1.考查不定冠詞使用。根據(jù)句子Somecitieshavelosttheiroriginalpurposeandhavenotfoundnewone.（一些城市已經(jīng)失去了原來的目標(biāo)，而且還沒有找到新的目標(biāo)）可知，new前面缺少不定冠詞a表示泛指某物。

2.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子…poorimmigrants,whofloodin,fillingwithhopesofprosperitywhicharethenoftendisappointing可知，非謂語動(dòng)詞fill和who之間屬于邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以fill需要用過去分詞來表示被動(dòng)意義。

3.考查比較狀語從句。根據(jù)句子TherearebackwardtownsontheedgeofBombayorBrasilia,justasthoughtherewereontheedgeofseventeenth-centuryLondonorearlynineteenth-centuryParis.（在孟買或巴西利亞的邊緣，也有一些落后的城鎮(zhèn)，就如在17世紀(jì)的倫敦或19世紀(jì)早期的巴黎邊緣一樣）可知，seventeenth-centuryLondonorearlynineteenth-centuryParis（17世紀(jì)的倫敦或19世紀(jì)早期的巴黎邊緣）這里屬于現(xiàn)在的情況與過去的情況進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故不應(yīng)該用justasthough（就像）引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣，所以要?jiǎng)h除“though”來表示一種比較。

4.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句子Thisisnewisthescale可知，句子中有兩個(gè)系動(dòng)詞，所以需要把this替換成一個(gè)可以充當(dāng)主語并且引導(dǎo)句子的關(guān)系代詞來使句子結(jié)構(gòu)合理，所以講this改為what。

5.考查主謂一致。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞contrasts（反差）可知，這是復(fù)數(shù)，后置定語中的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以was要改為were。

6.考查句意。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thepoorcanstillbenumberedinmillions（貧困人口仍有數(shù)百萬）可知墨西哥城現(xiàn)在的情況與過去是類似的，所以應(yīng)該把dissimilar（不同的）改成simil