考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京特殊教育師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南京特殊教育師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

（）hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Muchthough

B.Muchas

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝。句意：雖然他周末很想和朋友們出去，但他不得不留下來(lái)完成作業(yè)。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示盡管時(shí)，要將賓語(yǔ)或副詞倒裝，muchas表示盡管很……，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Reductioninoverseasgovernmentexpendituretookplace,but（

）andmoregraduallythannowseemsdesirable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reluctantly

B.unwittingly

C.impulsively

D.anxiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。reluctantly“不情愿地”；unwittingly“不知不覺(jué)地”；impulsively“有推動(dòng)力的”；anxiously“不安地，憂慮地”。句意：海外政府開(kāi)支有所減少，但是比現(xiàn)在所期望的要勉強(qiáng)并且緩慢。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

The（

）ofthesoilcanbeincreasedbyusingmorefertilizers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.produce

B.product

C.productivity

D.production

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似名詞詞義辨析。produce“產(chǎn)品”；product“產(chǎn)品，結(jié)果”；productivity“生產(chǎn)力”；production“成果，產(chǎn)品”。句意：通過(guò)使用更多肥料來(lái)提高土壤的生產(chǎn)力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

【解析】第1題:考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”為表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，排除how與that，再根據(jù)句意“人是使企業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵”，因此用what引導(dǎo)表示從句并在句中做主語(yǔ)。

第2題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。or表示并列關(guān)系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（組織內(nèi)薪酬最低的員工）可知此處對(duì)應(yīng)的是“高級(jí)管理層”，因此選A。

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。productive意為“多產(chǎn)的”；effective意為“有效的”；valid意為“有根據(jù)的，有效的”；available意為“可獲得的”。此處表示有參與感的員工通常是多產(chǎn)的。

第4題:考查名詞辨析。estate意為“財(cái)產(chǎn)，遺產(chǎn)”；asset意為“資產(chǎn)，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；fortune意為“命運(yùn)”；possession意為“擁有”。此處表示關(guān)注組織的命運(yùn)。

第5題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。apply意為“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；utilize意為“利用，使用”；execute意為“執(zhí)行”；hire意為“聘用”。此處表示企業(yè)主和管理者必須利用這些情緒。

第6題:考查副詞辨析。well意為“相當(dāng)，大大地”；over意為“穿過(guò)，落下”；right意為“合理地，正確地”；up意為“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意為“招聘”，后面的內(nèi)容提到如何招聘，可推測(cè)此處指正確地招聘，因此選C。

第7題:考查固定搭配。aimat意為“旨在，目標(biāo)在于”。此句表示招聘應(yīng)包括一些問(wèn)題旨在了解一個(gè)人的動(dòng)機(jī)和愿望。

第8題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。beunpopularwith意為“不受歡迎”，此處表示改變往往不受員工歡迎。

第9題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。shift意為“改變”；fall意為“落下”；buy意為“購(gòu)買”；revolve意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)，環(huán)繞”。此處表示當(dāng)明確說(shuō)明其原因和潛在利益時(shí)，他們更有可能發(fā)生改變。

第10題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。bear意為“忍受”；raise意為“增加，提高”；feed意為“喂養(yǎng)”；deliver意為“發(fā)表，遞送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（獲得更好的結(jié)果，并能最大限度地發(fā)揮他們的能力）可推測(cè)前面指提高員工的參與度，因此選B。

5.單選題

Weatheringisthebreakingdownofrocks,soilsandmineralsaswellasartificialmaterialsthroughcontactwiththeEarth'satmosphere,biotaandwaters.Weatheringoccursinsitu,or"withnomovement",andthusshouldnotbeconfusedwitherosion,whichinvolvesthemovementofrocksandmineralsbyagentssuchaswater,ice,snow,windandgravity.

Twoimportantclassificationsofweatheringprocessesexist-physicalandchemicalweathering.Mechanicalorphysicalweatheringinvolvesthebreakdownofrocksandsoilsthroughdirectcontactwithatmosphericconditions,suchasheat,water,iceandpressure.Thesecondclassification,chemicalweathering,involvesthedirecteffectofatmosphericchemicalsorbiologicallyproducedchemicals（alsoknownasbiologicalweathering）inthebreakdownofrocks,soilsandminerals.

Thematerialsleftoveraftertherockbreaksdowncombinedwithorganicmaterialcreatessoil.Themineralcontentofthesoilisdeterminedbytheparentmaterial,thusasoilderivedfromasinglerocktypecanoftenbedeficientinoneormoremineralsforgoodfertility,whileasoilweatheredfromamixofrocktypes（asinglacial,aeolianoralluvialsediments）oftenmakesmorefertilesoil.InadditionmanyofEarth'slandformsandlandscapesaretheresultofweatheringprocessescombinedwitherosionandre-deposition.

Chemicalweatheringchangesthecompositionofrocks,oftentransformingthemwhenwaterinteractswithmineralstocreatevariouschemicalreactions.Chemicalweatheringisagradualandongoingprocessasthemineralogyoftherockadjuststothenearsurfaceenvironment.Neworsecondarymineralsdevelopfromtheoriginalmineralsoftherock.Inthistheprocessesofoxidationandhydrolysisaremostimportant.

Theprocessofmountainblockupliftisimportantinexposingnewrockstratatotheatmosphereandmoisture,enablingimportantchemicalweatheringtooccur;significantreleaseoccursofCa++andothermineralsintosurfacewaters.

Rainfallisacidicbecauseatmosphericcarbondioxidedissolvesintherainwaterproducingweakcarbonicacid.Inunpollutedenvironments,therainfallPHisaround5.6.Acidrainoccurswhengasessuchassulfurdioxideandnitrogenoxidesarepresentintheatmosphere.TheseoxidesreactintherainwatertoproducestrongeracidsandcanlowerthePHto4.5oreven3.0.Sulfurdioxide,SO2,comesfromvolcaniceruptionsorfromfossilfuels,canbecomesulfuricacidwithinrainwater,whichcancausesolutionweatheringtotherocksonwhichitfalls.

Someminerals,duetotheirnaturalsolubility（e.g.evaporites）,oxidationpotential（iron-richminerals,suchaspyrite）,orinstabilityrelativetosurficialconditions（seeGoldichdissolutionseries）willweatherthroughdissolutionnaturally,evenwithoutacidicwater.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutweathering?

2.Soiliscreatedby（）.

3.Inchemicalweathering,（）.

4.Rainwater（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itiserosion"withnomovement"whenitiscausedbywater.

B.Thereexisttwoimportantclassificationsofweatheringprocesses.

C.ItoccursthroughcontactwiththeEarth'satmosphere,biotaandwaters.

D.Bothphysicalandchemicalweatheringinvolvethebreakdownofrocksandsoils.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.erosionandre-deposition

B.mineralsderivedfromrocks

C.organicmaterialleftoverbyweathering

D.thebreakdownofrockscombinedwithorganicmaterial

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.oxidationandhydrolysisaremostimportantprocesses

B.chemicalreactionshappenonlyinwater

C.chemicalreactionsoccurveryquickly

D.newrocksareformedfromreactions

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.containsweakacidwhenitisfoundinareasaffectedbyvolcaniceruptions

B.isacidicwhenitisfoundinpollutedenvironments

C.canlowerthePHofundergroundwater

D.cancausesolutionweatheringtorocks

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.RainwaterPollution

B.WeatheringofRock

C.TheCreationofFertileSoil

D.PhysicalandChemicalWeathering

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第一段第一句可知，風(fēng)化作用是指巖石、土壤、礦物以及人工材料通過(guò)與地球大氣、生物群和水的接觸而進(jìn)行分解，可判斷C選項(xiàng)表述正確。由原文第二段第二句可知，風(fēng)化發(fā)生在原地，或“發(fā)生時(shí)沒(méi)經(jīng)過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，因此不應(yīng)與侵蝕相混淆，后者涉及水、冰、雪、風(fēng)和重力等因素造成的巖石和礦物的運(yùn)動(dòng)，由此可以判斷A選項(xiàng)正確。由第二段第一句可知，存在兩種重要的風(fēng)化作用類型——物理風(fēng)化和化學(xué)風(fēng)化，所以可判斷B選項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)原文第二段第二句可知，機(jī)械或物理風(fēng)化包括巖石和土壤通過(guò)直接接觸大氣條件而分解，如熱，水，冰和壓力。而化學(xué)風(fēng)化（也稱為生物風(fēng)化）主要涉及大氣化學(xué)物質(zhì)或生物產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)巖石、土壤和礦物的破壞的直接影響。由此可以判斷D選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息可定位到原文第三段第一句“Thematerialsleftoveraftertherockbreaksdowncombinedwithorganicmaterialcreatessoil”。由此可知，巖石分解后剩下的物質(zhì)與有機(jī)物質(zhì)結(jié)合形成了土壤。因此本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“Chemicalweathering”定位到原文第四段。由原文信息可知，化學(xué)風(fēng)化改變了巖石的成分，當(dāng)水與礦物相互作用時(shí)，常常使巖石發(fā)生變化，產(chǎn)生各種化學(xué)反應(yīng)?；瘜W(xué)風(fēng)化是巖石礦物學(xué)逐漸適應(yīng)近地表環(huán)境的過(guò)程。新礦物或次生礦物由巖石的原始礦物發(fā)展而來(lái)。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，氧化和水解過(guò)程是最重要的。由此可判斷A選項(xiàng)表述正確?；瘜W(xué)反應(yīng)在水與礦物相互作用是發(fā)生的，并不是在水里，因此可判斷B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤?；瘜W(xué)風(fēng)化是逐漸發(fā)生的過(guò)程，因此可判斷C選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。而這些化學(xué)反應(yīng)的產(chǎn)物是新礦物或者次生礦物，并不是巖石，由此可判斷D選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第六段第三句“TheseoxidesreactintherainwatertoproducestrongeracidsandcanlowerthePHto4.5oreven3.0.”可知，這些氧化物在雨水中發(fā)生反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生更強(qiáng)的酸，可以將PH值降低到4.5甚至3.0。由此可知，雨水可以降低地下水的PH值。因此，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。這篇文章主要講述的是風(fēng)化作用的定義，分類以及影響因素，都是圍繞風(fēng)化作用進(jìn)行的描述。因此B選項(xiàng)最適合作為文章的題目。

6.單選題

______forhisillness,hewouldhavecometohelpyoupaintyourhouse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Notbeing

B.Nothavingbeen

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Havingitnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。當(dāng)主句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+would（shouldcouldmight）+have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，從句結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為：If+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)虛擬句中的if省略時(shí)，主句中的had要提前。原句應(yīng)為：Ifithadnotbeenforhisillness...，省略if后had提前，句子變?yōu)椋篐aditnotbeenforhisillness...。句意：如果不是因?yàn)樗?，他就?huì)來(lái)幫你粉刷房子了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thesceneissobeautifulthatit（）mypowerofdescription.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transports

B.transfers

C.transcends

D.transforms

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)transport“運(yùn)送”，B項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”，C項(xiàng)transcend“勝過(guò)，超越”，D項(xiàng)transform“改變，轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意：這景色是如此美麗，我無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)形容。根據(jù)句意，該題選C正確。

8.單選題

Maggieranbacktothekitchen,eggs（

）carefullyinherhands.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeheld

B.wereheld

C.held

D.holding

【答案】C

【解析】句意:馬吉跑回廚房，雞蛋小心地握在手中。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楠?dú)立主格。分析題干可知,句子前半句已完整,所以句子結(jié)構(gòu)為主句加分句,或者主句加獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?？崭裉幉豢赡転橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。排除B。分句主語(yǔ)eggs“雞蛋”應(yīng)該是被放在手上。A選項(xiàng)tobeheld表示的是一種目的，或者是將來(lái)要發(fā)生的事情，不符題意。C選項(xiàng)邏輯主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，符合題意。

9.單選題

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths.Atthetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceismeasuredbyyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems;toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionofintelligenceassertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresself-fulfillment.Itencouragesakindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineis"intelligent".Yetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappyifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareintelligentperson.Problemsolvingisausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,orataminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,thenyouareintelligent,yourareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweaponagainstthebigN.B.DNervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent"peopledonothaveN.B.D'sbecausetheyareinchargeofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepressionbecausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsoftheirlives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourselfastrulyintelligentonthebasisofhowyouchoosetofeelinthefaceoftryingcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus

EveryonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficultiesDisagreements,conflictandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhichpresentproblemstovirtuallyallhumanbeing.Butsomepeopleareabletomakeit,toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileotherscollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon'tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.

1.Accordingtotheauthortheconventionalnotionofintelligencemeasuredintermsofone'sabilitytoread,writeandcompute（）.

2.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatholdingauniversitydegree（）.

3.Theauthorthinksthatanintelligentpersonknows（）.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthortellsusthat（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpeoplearerare?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isawidelyheldbutwrong

B.willhelpeliminateintellectualprejudice

C.therootofallmentaldistress

D.willcontributetoone'sselffulfillment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mayresultinone'sinabilitytosolvecomplexreal-lifeproblem:

B.doesnotindicateone'sabilitytowriteproperlywordeddocuments

C.maymakeonementallysickandphysicallyweak

D.doesnotmeanthatoneishighlyintelligent

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.howtoputupwithsomeveryprevalentmyths

B.howtofindthebestwaytoachievesuccessinlife

C.howtoavoiddepressionandmakehislifeworthwhile

D.howtopersuadeotherstocompromise

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.difficultiesarebutpartofeveryoneslife

B.depressionandunhappinessareunavoidableinlife

C.everybodyshouldlearntoavoidtryingcircumstances

D.goodfeelingscancontributetoeventualacademicexcellence

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewhodon'temphasizebookishexcellenceintheirpursuitofhappiness

B.Thosewhoarenotawareofdifficultiesinlifebutknowhowtoavoidunhappiness

C.ThosewhomeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsbutseldomsufferfromN.B.D's.

D.Thosewhoareabletosecurehappinessthoughhavingtostruggleagainsttryingcircumstances

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths”中文翻譯為“對(duì)自己負(fù)責(zé)包括平息一些非常流行的神話?！苯Y(jié)合語(yǔ)境，因此A為最佳選項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineisintelligentYetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates..”中文翻譯為：我們開(kāi)始相信，那些擁有更多教育價(jià)值徽章并且非常擅長(zhǎng)某種形式的學(xué)校紀(jì)律的人是‘聰明的’。然而，精神病院里擠滿了那些擁有所有字母證書(shū)的病人?？梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.”中文翻譯為更真實(shí)的智力指標(biāo)是一種有效的、幸福的生活，活在每一天和當(dāng)下的每一刻。以及“Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.”，中文翻譯為：如果你快樂(lè)，每一分鐘都過(guò)得值得，那么你就是聰明的人。此外“Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepression.”，中文翻譯為：聰明的人知道如何選擇幸福而不是沮喪。因此，C最符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文最后一段“Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.”，中文翻譯為：“每個(gè)在任何社會(huì)環(huán)境中與其他人打交道的人都有類似的困難。分歧、沖突和妥協(xié)是作為人的意義的一部分?！惫蔄最符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到原文“Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.”中文翻譯為：“那些能夠懂得各種困難是人生難免的狀況，不以是否遭遇問(wèn)題來(lái)衡量幸福與否的人是最聰明，也是出類拔萃的?！笨梢缘弥狟項(xiàng)最為符合。

10.單選題

Nosoonerhadtheautomobilemechanicenteredtheroomthanhebegantotakeoffhis（）coveralls.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tedious

B.hollow

C.greasy

D.salutary

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。tedious沉悶的；hollow空的、虛偽的；greasy油膩的；salutary有益的。句意：汽車修理工一進(jìn)入房間就開(kāi)始脫下他油膩的工作服。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.

挑戰(zhàn)未知是人類誕生之初就具備的本能，而探索外太空則是好奇心和求知欲在現(xiàn)代的延伸。人類和動(dòng)物最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別在于不斷地探求未知，其終極目的就是要回答“我從哪來(lái)？我到哪去？”。這樣的問(wèn)題，在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界找不到答案，人們便將追問(wèn)的目光投向浩瀚的外太空。正是這些追問(wèn)，成為人類探索宇宙的動(dòng)力。此外，太空探索還激發(fā)了全人類的科學(xué)精神。

【答案】Challengingtheunknownhasbeenahumaninstinctsincewewereborn,andexploringouterspaceisextensionofcuriosityandaspirationtoknowledgeinmoderntimes.Themostessentialdifferencebetweenhumanbeingsandanimalsistheconstantsearchfortheunknown,whoseultimategoalistoanswerthequestion“WheredoIcomefrom?WhereamIgoing?”Itisimpossibletofindtheanswerofsuchquestionsintherealworld,therefore,peoplewilltransfertheirattentiontothevastouterspace.Itisthesequestionsthathavebecomethedrivingforceforhumanexplorationoftheuniverse.Inaddition,spaceexplorationhasinspiredthescientificspiritofallmankind.

12.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersintheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheels.Itisallverywell,againtohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“Bekindtootherdrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmodemmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwithdeadbodiesofthesegrannies.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgivesrisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadaremainlycausedby

.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog...therule”(Para.A.1)impliesthat_________.

3.By“goodsense”,thewritermeans

.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,______.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion,______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.people’sattitudetowardsroad-hog

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.thebehaviorofthedriver

D.trafficconditions

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstituteamajorityofmotorists

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultyandsevereconditions

C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話“Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.”可知，公路上的麻煩主要是由司機(jī)的行為導(dǎo)致的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話提到如今彬彬有禮的駕車者卻成了例外（Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule），由此可推測(cè)粗魯?shù)乃緳C(jī)占了大多數(shù)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第二段第一句提到道路禮儀不僅是好的態(tài)度，還是良好的意識(shí)（Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.），接著又提到當(dāng)遇到不文明行為時(shí)，只有頭腦最冷靜、脾氣最好的司機(jī)才能抵制報(bào)復(fù)的誘惑（Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior），說(shuō)明良好的意識(shí)就是能夠忍受一些不良的行為，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話提到專家?guī)啄昵熬透嬲]我們汽車數(shù)量的增多需要道路使用者相互理解（Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers），因此選項(xiàng)CB符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話“Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.”一個(gè)資深的司機(jī)，認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)正確加入交通而不會(huì)造成令人生氣的交通阻塞?？芍?，作者認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂枚Y貌。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

“Itisimpossiblethatoldprejudicesandhostilitiesshouldlongerexist,whilesuchaninstrumenthasbeencreatedfartheexchangeofthoughtbetweenallthenationsoftheearth,”acclaimedVictorianenthusiaststhearrivalin1858ofthefirsttransatlantictelegraphcable.Peoplesaythatsortofthingsaboutnewtechnologies,eventoday.Biotechnologyissaidtobethecureforworldhunger.Thesequencingofthehumangenomewillsupposedlyuprootcancerandotherdiseases.Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.Awholeindustryofcybergurushasenthralledaudiences(andmadeafineliving)withclaimsthattheInternetwillpreventwars,reducepollution,andcombatvariousformsofinequalityHowever,althoughtheInternetisstillyoungenoughtoinspireidealism,ithasalsobeenaroundlongenoughtotestwhethertheprophetscanberight.

GrandestofalltheclaimsarethosemadebysomeoftheexpertsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyabouttheInternet’spotentialasaforceforpeace.NicholasNegroponte,hasdeclaredthat,thankstotheInternet,thechildrenofthefuture“arenotgoingtoknowwhatnationalismis”.Hiscolleague,MichaelDertouzos,haswrittenthatdigitalcommunicationswillbring“computer-aidedpeace”which“mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups”.Theideaisthatimprovedcommunicationswillreducemisunderstandingsandtransferconflict.

Thisisnotnew,anymorethanweretheclaimsforthepeace-makingpossibilitiesofothernewtechnologies.Intheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury,airplaneswereexpectedtoendwars,bypromotinginternationalcommunicationand(lesscredibly)bymakingarmiesout-of-date,sincetheywouldbeweaktoattackfromtheair.AftertheFirstWorldWarhaddispelledsuchnotions,itwastheturnofradio.“Nationshallspeakpeaceuntonation”ranthefinemottoofBritain’sBBCWorldService.Sadly,RadioofRwandadisprovedtheideathatradiowasanintrinsicallypeaceforceonceandforall.

Themistakepeoplemakeistoassumethatwarsarecausedsimplybythefailureofdifferentpeoplestounderstandeachotheradequately.Indeed,evenifthatweretrue,theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict.Hatespeechandintolerancedevelopinitsdarkcomers,wheregovernmentfindsithardtointervene.AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.

1.Nowadays,the1858acclaimbyenthusiastsarestillusedtodescribe（

）.

2.Thephrase"staveoff"(underlinedinparagraph2)probablymeans

（

）.

3.PeoplewillnotbelievetheInternetcanputanendtowarifthey（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeritsofbiotechnology

B.thesignificanceofnewtechnology

C.theprospectoftheInternet

D.thesequencingofhumangenome

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.getridof

B.advocatefor

C.makeuseof

D.scrapethrough

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.cancontrolhatespeechandintoleranceontheInternet

B.donottakemisunderstandingasthereasonforwar

C.efficientlyfostertheInternetasameansofcommunication

D.knowthenatureoftheInternetistoadvocatewar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.（然而，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來(lái)了最狂野的樂(lè)觀。）可知C選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的前景”符合題意。

2.詞義題。由文章第二段中的digitalcommunicationswillbring"computer-aidedpeace"which"mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups"（數(shù)字通信將帶來(lái)“計(jì)算機(jī)輔助和平”，這“有助于……未來(lái)民族仇恨的爆發(fā)和民族分裂的爆發(fā)”）可知“staveoff”為動(dòng)詞詞組，which引導(dǎo)后面的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞computer-aidedpeace，根據(jù)“和平”的含義，可推測(cè)此處指減少或避免民族仇恨和分裂的爆發(fā)，因此選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict...AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也可以用來(lái)鼓吹沖突……盡管互聯(lián)網(wǎng)無(wú)可否認(rèn)地促進(jìn)了交流，但它不會(huì)結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)）可知D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的本質(zhì)就是倡導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”符合題意。

14.單選題

NewChinesefirstladyPengLiyuan’schoiceofattirehassparkedaflurryofexcitementoveranindependenthomegrownlabel,anunusualphenomenoninacountrywherepoliticalfiguresaremorefrumpythanfashionableandwivesusuallyshyawayfromthespotlight.

ImagesofPeng,50,steppingoffaplanearm-in-armwithherhusbandPresidentXiJinpinginMoscowonFridayhavecirculatedwidelyontheChineseInternet,promptingpraiseofherstyleasunderstatedandsophisticated.

Eagle-eyedfashion-savvybloggersidentifiedtheleatherhandbagshecarriedandsmart,double-breastedblacktrenchcoatsheworeasitemsdesignedbyGuangzhou-basedlabelException.ThebrandhasbeendescribedasoneofChina’sleadingindependentlabelswhosesimplebutuniquedesignsstandoutinanindustrydominatedbyWesterncopycats.

“Firstladiesareambassadorsofthecultureandthedesignandofthesoftpowerofacountry.I’mgladthatshechosetowearChineseandtakeupthatroleofspokespersonforChinesedesignhere,”saidHongHuang,publisherofthefashionmagazineLookandoneofthemostpopularmicrobloggersinChina.

HongsaiditwastooearlytotellifPeng’shigh-profilepublicappearancesignaledthatshewouldbeplayingamoresignificantroleinChinesepoliticsthanherpredecessors,who—unlikemanyoftheirWesterncounterparts—havebeenlargelyunseen.“It’sgoodthatfinallyChinahasaverypretty,verybeautifulfirstladyandshecanhopefullyspeakupforalotmoreandcomplementwhateverXiwantstosay,inway,likeallfirstladiesdo.”

Onlineretailershavesoughttoassociatetheirproductswithwhatnewsportals(門戶網(wǎng)站)aretermingthe“PengLiyuanstyle,”with