外研版（2019）高考英語一輪復習課時練習36：選擇性必修3 Unit 6　Nature in words(含解析)

課時質量評價(三十六)選擇性必修第三冊Unit6NatureinwordsA組·基礎鞏固Ⅰ.語法填空A(2021·浙江寧波模擬)TherearemanygreatdestinationsintheUK,oneof1.________istheSouth-WestofEngland.ThemostpopularregionssurroundingtheSouth-West2.________(be)thecountiesofDevonandCornwall.Theyarebythecoastandknownforhavingsomeof3.________sunniestweatherintheUK.IntheheartoftheSouth-West,DartmoorNationalPark4.________(vote)theUK'sfavouritein2016.Thereareplentyofbreathtakingwalkstochoosefromwhichwillleadyou5.________(discover)Dartmoor'sancientandrugged(崎嶇的)charm!IntheSouth-Westyouwillfindplentyofattractiveandoftendeserted6.________(beach).SomeexamplesincludeWhitesandBayinCornwallandWoolacombebeachinDevon.Ifyoudon'tmindthe7.________(slight)coolertemperaturesthanotherbeachdestinationsinEurope,youareinforarealtreat!Apartfrom8.________(surround)bybeautifulnature,theSouth-Westisfullofurbangems(精華).ThecityofExeterinDevonhasgreatcentres,aswellaslotsofcafés9.________pubs.Cornwallhasitsowntreasurestoo—prettyvillagesandtownssuchasStIvesandMousehole.Theylinethecoastline,andmakefortheperfectlocationstospendthose10.________(relax)summerafternoons!【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國的旅游圣地——西南部最受歡迎的地區(qū)德文郡和康沃爾郡。1.which考查定語從句。此處先行詞是destinations，關系詞在從句中與oneof一起作主語，且位于介詞of之后，應使用關系代詞which引導。故填which。2.are考查主謂一致。此處主語是“Themostpopularregions”，謂語動詞應使用復數(shù)形式，且描述的是客觀事實，應使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are。3.the考查定冠詞。形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞。故填the。4.wasvoted考查動詞的被動語態(tài)。DartmoorNationalPark與vote之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，此處應使用被動語態(tài)，再根據(jù)時間狀語“in2016”可知，此處應使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填wasvoted。5.todiscover考查固定用法。leadsb.todosth.“引導某人做某事”，為固定短語。故填todiscover。6.beaches考查名詞的單復數(shù)。根據(jù)空前“plentyof”可知，此處應使用名詞復數(shù)。故填beaches。7.slightly考查副詞。此處修飾形容詞cooler，應使用副詞。故填slightly。8.beingsurrounded考查非謂語動詞。此處與theSouth-West是邏輯上的動賓關系，應使用被動語態(tài)，因位于介詞from后，應使用動名詞的被動式。故填beingsurrounded。9.and考查連詞。此處的cafés和pubs是并列關系，意為“許多咖啡館和小酒館”。故填and。10.relaxing考查形容詞。它們沿著海岸線排列，有著絕佳的位置，是度過那些放松的夏日午后的完美地點！故填relaxing。BThegreatoutdoors：it'stheplacetoheadforwhenyou'reinneedofpeaceandquiet,openspaces,beautifulsceneryandexercise.1.________ahugemountainrangeoralocalcountrypark,thesenaturalareasareaperfecttonic(補藥)forourstressed-outlives,andtheirmedicaleffectisbeingusedmoreandmore2.________(treat)mentalhealth.Psychotherapyhelpspeoplewhosufferfromdepression,3.________(anxious)andstress.It'struethatconnectingwiththenaturalworld4.________(definite)liftsourspirits.Eco-therapydoesn'tinvolvetakingmedicine.Instead,itjustdevelopsaperson'srelationship5.________nature.Thisnaturaltherapycantakeonmanyforms,suchasdoingyogainaforest,gardeningoreven6.________(hug)atree.Therearemany7.________(benefit)ofthis“green”therapy,includingimprovingsocialcontact,socialandworkskillsandcopingabilities.Ifwe8.________(expose)tothenaturalelements,thenournegativefeelingsgetalmostimmediatelyreplacedwithpositiveemotions.Admittedly,eco-therapywon'tcureeverything,butitis9.________optionfortherapiststouse.Andaswebecome10.________(aware)ofthecausesandeffectsofmentalhealth,it'sbetterknownthathelpmightlieoutsideourtownsandcities,andthatnaturecangiveusahelpinghand.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。身處綠色的開放空間可以幫助人們放松、減壓。在與自然接觸的過程中，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以幫助治療心理疾病的特殊療法——自然生態(tài)療法，文章主要講述了什么是自然生態(tài)療法及其對人的好處。1.Whether考查固定搭配。whether...or...為固定用法，意為“無論是……還是……”。故填Whether。2.totreat考查動詞不定式。分析句子結構可知，此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填totreat。3.anxiety考查詞性轉換。分析句子結構可知，空處所填詞與depression和stress并列，都是介詞from的賓語，應填anxious的名詞形式。故填anxiety。4.definitely考查副詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是副詞作狀語修飾謂語動詞lifts。故填definitely。5.with考查介詞。分析句子結構可知，此處表示人與自然的關系。故填with。6.hugging考查動名詞。分析句子結構可知，此處的“huggingatree”與“doingyogainaforest,gardening”是并列關系，都是舉例的一部分。故填hugging。7.benefits考查名詞的單復數(shù)。根據(jù)后面的“includingimprovingsocialcontact,socialandworkskillsandcopingabilities”可知，綠色療法的好處有很多，應用復數(shù)形式。故填benefits。8.areexposed考查動詞的被動語態(tài)。beexposedto...為固定短語，意為“與……接觸；暴露于……”。故填areexposed。9.an考查冠詞。分析句子結構可知，此處的option是可數(shù)名詞，在本句中表示泛指“一種選擇”，且以元音音素開頭，故填an。10.moreaware考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)下文中的“it'sbetterknownthathelpmightlieoutsideourtownsandcities,andthatnaturecangiveusahelpinghand”可知，此處應用比較級，表示與過去情況的對比。故填moreaware。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補全句子1.那個女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，好像已經變成了石頭似的。(asif/though引導的狀語從句)Thegirllistenedandsatstill,asif/thoughshehadbeenturnedintoastone．2.老師堅決認為我們應該通過寫日記來提高我們的英語表達能力。(insistthat...)Theteacherinsiststhatwe(should)keepadiarytoimproveourabilityofexpressingourselvesinEnglish.3.他起得很早以便能趕上早班公交車。(sothat引導目的狀語從句)Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchupwiththeearlybus．4.他回到家里，又餓又累。(形容詞短語作狀語)Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired．B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解Manyofusthinkwronglythatthemoondoesn'tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway.Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalysedthousandsofphotographstakenbyNASA'sLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera(月球勘測軌道飛行器照相機).Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(斷層)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementsonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin(葡萄干).Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46metres“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockycrust(外殼),themoon'ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“SomeofthesequakescanbefairlystrongaroundfiveontheRichterscale(里氏震級)，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian'sNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumansshouldn'ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybenot,reportedTheTelegraph.“Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealisethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.1.Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreewith?A.Itstaysthesameasbefore.B.Itisbecominglightlysmaller.C.Itisgettingolderandolder.D.Ithaspassedaway.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A.Ithasbecome46metresfatterduetoexpanding.B.Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C.ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D.Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergyduringexpanding.3.Whothinksthatweneedn'tworryaboutthemoon?A.ZhangRuoxu.B.ThomasWatters.C.NathanWilliams.D.Thejournalist.4.WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A.Itisadeadandboringplace.B.Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C.Itisvaluabletodomorescience.D.Itisn'taplacewherewecanlive.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了發(fā)表在《自然·地球科學》雜志上的一項新研究，該研究表明月球實際上正隨著時間的推移而慢慢縮小。而美國國家航空航天博物館的資深科學家卻認為我們并不需要為這一發(fā)現(xiàn)擔心。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段及第二段第一句“However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.”可知，我們都錯誤地認為月球不會發(fā)生變化。而發(fā)表在《自然·地球科學》雜志上的一項新研究表明，月球實際上正隨著時間的推移而慢慢縮小。因此，作者可能會同意月球正在變得越來越小這一觀點。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.”可知，月球有一個熱的內核，且在膨脹的過程中釋放能量。3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，’Watterscomfortedus.”可知，托馬斯·沃特斯認為我們不必為月球而擔心。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealisethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，’NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.”可知，內森·威廉姆斯認為對月球做更多的科學研究是有價值的。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五LifeinDeathValleyDeathValleyisahugeplace,extendingmorethan225kilometresacrossthesouthernpartofCaliforniaintotheneighbouringstateofNevada.Asbeautifulasthisplaceis,itsnameprovidesevidenceofveryrealdanger.1Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3，000metresintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.But,duringsummermonths,theairtemperaturehasbeenashighas57degreesCelsius.2TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.InmanyareasofDeathValley,itiseasytoseewherethegroundhasbeenpushedupviolentlybymovementdeepintheEarth.Thishascreatedunusualandbeautifulrockformations,withcoloursofred,brown,gray,yellowandblack.InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.3MuchofDeathValleyisflatandextremelydry.Insomeareasthegroundisnothingbutsalt.However,itwouldbewrongtothinkthatnothinglivesinDeathValley.4Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog-likeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.Throughouthistory,NativeAmericansfoundwaystosurviveinDeathValley.Rockartandotherremainsshowthathumanslivedinthevalleyasfarbackas9，000yearsago.Nowadays,morethanonemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.5Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolourthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolour,thenblack.A.Thevalleyisfulloflife.B.Thesettingsunisvisitors'favourite.C.Imageshereseemtochangeeachminute.D.DeathValleyisaplaceofstrangeandsilentbeauty.E.DeathValleydoesn'tforgivethosewhoarenotcareful.F.DeathValleyisalandofbeautifulyetdangerousextremes.G.Theareawasdeepunderanoceanformanythousandsofyears.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。死亡谷是一個巨大的地方，從加州南部延伸到鄰近的內華達州，全長超過225公里。盡管這個地方很美，但它的名字卻證明了它的危險性。文章主要介紹了死亡谷的情況，包括極端氣候、地勢等。1.F根據(jù)下文“Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3，000metresintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.”可知，死亡谷是個危險的極端之地。故選F。2.E根據(jù)下文“TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.”可知，進入死亡谷的人如果不小心可能就會死在那里。故選E。3.G根據(jù)上文“InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.”可知，這些線條表明死亡谷曾深埋海底。故選G。4.A根據(jù)下文“Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog-likeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.”可知，死亡谷里也有生機。故選A。5.C根據(jù)下文“Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolourthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolour,thenblack.”可知，死亡谷中的景色變化多端。故選C。Ⅲ.應用文寫作假定你是李華，作為交換生(anexchangestudent)正在英國WindmillCollege學習。今天早晨你騎車上學時不小心刮擦到了一輛停在路邊的汽車。由于急著上學，你無法在原地等候車主。請留一張便條，內容包括：1.表明身份；2.簡述事情經過；3.道歉并表示愿意賠償；4.聯(lián)系方式(Tel：589-3671Email:lihua@)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】DearSir/Madam，I'mLiHua,anexchangestudentfromChinastudyingatWindmillCollege.I'mtrulysorrythatmybikescratchedyourcarwhenIwasridingtoschoolthismorning.Iunderstanditwillcertainlyputyouinaverybadmood.IsincerelyapologiseforwhatIdidandpromiseIwillcoveralltherelevantcosts.Asschoolwillstartsoon,Ican'twaitonthesceneforyou.Pleasecontactmeat589-3671orlihua@windmillco.Bestregards，LiHuaⅣ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Growingup,wedidn'thavemuchmoney.Actually,wehadverylittle.Welivedinasmallhousewithholesinthefloor.Weworeoldclothesandhadlittlefood.Withthreelittlemouthstofeed,mydaddyworkedasagatekeeperinamiddleschoolandthenfarmedourownsmallfielduntildark.Daddyprovidedthebesthecouldforusandmummadeourclothesonheroldsewingmachine.Wecouldhaveeasilyappliedforwelfare,butmyparentswouldn'tthinkofit.Ourfamilywasfullofloveandproudofhardwork.ThenIwasinthethirdgrade,inMrsHarper'sclass.Oneday,MrsHarperbroughtahugeboxoftoystoschooltogiveto“poor”children.Everyonewasinvitedtobringsomeofhisorherowntoysfromhometoputinthebox.Needlesstosay,Ihadhardlyanytoysofmyowntooffer.MyeyesgotbigthenextdaywhenIlookedintothatbox.Itwaslikeadreamworldtome—somanycolourfultoys!Clearly,MrsHarpersawthecuriouslookonmyface,andalthoughIneveraskedwithasmile,sheletmepickouttwotoysformyselffromthebox.IwassothankfulandthoughtthatIwastheluckiestgirlinthewholeworld!WhenIgothome,Icouldn'twaittoshowmumwhatIbroughtfromtheschool.SheadmiredthetoysandaskedwhereIgotthem.ItoldherabouttheboxforthepoorchildrenandthatMrsHarperhadletmepicktwotoysfromthebox！Mumthoughtforafewsecondsandsaidinaverysweetway,“No...no,youcan't