(新高考)高考英語三輪沖刺大題優(yōu)練6 七選五 議論文(解析版)

七選五之議論文七選五之議論文大題優(yōu)練6優(yōu)選例題優(yōu)選例題【例題1】Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.1Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?2Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))theiractions.3Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”4Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比賽),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.5AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.SportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】BEGDF【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復雜得多。一支一流球隊可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些有雅量的普通球員。1.上文說大多數(shù)人認為建立一個偉大團隊的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天賦的個人。下文說公司花費數(shù)百萬雇傭頂級商業(yè)人士。該空承上啟下，也是在舉例，B選項（運動隊老板花費數(shù)百萬美元吸引頂尖人才。）切題，故選B。2.下文說他們專注于足球、籃球和籃球。結果有好有壞。這些都屬于體育方面，該空引出下文，E選項（最近的幾項研究調(diào)查了體育世界中人才的作用。）切題，故選E。3.上文說為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象，研究人員探索了一場精彩的表現(xiàn)要求隊員們行動相互協(xié)調(diào)的程度，下文說明了研究結果，該空承上啟下，G選項（這項任務的相互依賴性使棒球區(qū)別于足球和籃球。）切題，故選G。4.上文說一個球星為了個人得分，而影響團隊的表現(xiàn)，該空承接上文，D選項（球星顯然沒有遵守運動員精神的基本原則）切題，故選D。5.下文說一支一流球隊可能需要達到一種平衡，不僅僅有最好的球員，也有一些有雅量的普通球員。該空引出下文，F(xiàn)選項（建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復雜得多。）切題，故選F?！纠}2】BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.6Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.7It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.8Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.9Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.10Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.【答案】BEACG【解析】本文為議論文，文章主要講述了人們一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。6.空前一句：信任是我們從以往經(jīng)歷中獲得的習得性行為。選項B中的It代指上文剛出現(xiàn)的trust。故選B。7.根據(jù)前句“Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.”可知他們因為曾經(jīng)受過嚴重的傷害因此不能忍受背叛再次發(fā)生?？芍xE。8.根據(jù)后句“Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.”可知此段主要講述要學會信任自己，因此選A。9.根據(jù)后句“Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.”可知此段主要講述不要把自己當成受害者。故選C。10.根據(jù)前一句“Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.”和后一句“Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.”可知看到事情的積極面，并不意味著你就要忽視所發(fā)生的事情。故選G。模擬優(yōu)練模擬優(yōu)練AFinancialEducation—AwarenessDilemmaWhenitcomestofinancialeducation,themajorityoftoday’syouthwillregarditasanecessityforcertainspecificpeoplewhowanttomaketheircareerinthefinancialworld.1Actually,elementaryfinancialeducationisamustforall,asmoneytransactionisanessentialpartofourday-to-daylife.Supposeyouhave$100inasavingaccountthatpayssimpleinterestattherateof2%peryear.Ifyouleavethemoneyintheaccount,howmuchwillyouhaveaccumulatedafter5years:morethan$102,exactly$102,orlessthan$102?Thetestmightlooksimple,butonlyhalfofthepeoplesurveyedgavethecorrectanswer.2Theexplanationgoesasfollows:Peoplewithlowlevelsoffinancialliteracysufferfromthatlackofknowledgeateverystageoftheirlives.Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.3Onthecontrary,peoplewhohavealowerdegreeoffinancialliteracytendtoborrowmore,accumulatelesswealth,andpaymoreinfeesrelatedfinancialproducts.Theyarelesslikelytoinvest,morelikelytoexperiencedifficultywithdebt,andlesslikelytoknowthetermsoftheirmortgagesandotherloans.Thus,thecostofthisfinancialignoranceisveryhigh.4Whatisthesolution?5Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschools.Likewise,parentsshouldengageinregular,constructiveconversationsaboutmoneymatters.Thiswillgivetheirkidsasolidfoundationforfinancialwell-being,whichwillkeepongivingreturnsthroughoutthecourseoftheirlives.A.Financialeducationmuststartearly.B.However,theymissanimportantpoint.C.Whydoeseachofushavetofaceafinancialchallenge?D.Whydoesfinancialliteracymattersomuchinoursociety?E.Richpeoplearegenerallybettereducatedonfinancialmanagement.F.Besides,thesepeoplehavemorethandoublethewealthofpeoplewhodon’t.G.Forexample,theyfrequentlymakelatecreditcardpayments,overspendtheircreditlimit,etc.【答案】BDFGA【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了金融教育意識的困境。今天的大多數(shù)年輕人都會把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界謀生的必要條件。實際上，基礎金融教育是所有人的必修課。1.上文提示：提到金融教育，今天的大多數(shù)年輕人都會把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界謀生的必要條件。下文提示：實際上，基礎金融教育是所有人的必修課。故B項（然而，他們忽略了一個重要的問題。）串聯(lián)上下文，符合題意。故選B。2.根據(jù)下文“Theexplanationgoesasfollows”可知，此句是對一個問題的解釋；再分析本段可知，本段主要講述了金融知識對我們社會的重要性。故D項（為什么金融知識對我們的社會如此重要？）適合做本段主旨句。故選D。3.根據(jù)上文“Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.”可知，受金融教育程度高的人更有可能為退休做打算，這說的是受金融教育程度高的人的一個特點，F(xiàn)項（此外，這些人的財富是那些沒有金融知識的人的兩倍多。）是其另外一個特點。故F項是對上文的補充說明，符合題意。故選F。4.根據(jù)上文“Thus,thecostofthisfinancialignoranceisveryhigh.”可知，這種對于金融知識一竅不通的代價是非常高的。故G項（例如，他們經(jīng)常延遲信用卡付款、超支信用額度等）是對上文的具體說明，符合題意。故選G。5.根據(jù)上文“Whatisthesolution?”可知，空格處應是對以上問題的解決辦法，以及根據(jù)下文“Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschools.”可知，金融教育必須成為我們學校核心課程的一部分。故A項（金融教育必須及早開始。）承接上下文，符合題意。故選A。BMuchmeaningcanbeconveyedclearlywithoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?6,butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hemayfeeluncomfortable.7.Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardothers’stareswithyouthatway.Eyesdospeak,right?8.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.Ifamanglancesatawomanformorethan10seconds,hisintentionsareobvious,thatis,hewishestoattractherattentiontomakeherunderstandthatheisadmiringher.Infact,continuouseyecontactoccursbetweenloversonly,whowillenjoylookingateachothertenderlyforalongtimetoshowaffectionthatwordscannotexpress.However,thenormaleyecontactfortwopeopleengagedinconversationisthatthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerisattentive.9,asifhetriestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim,sincehebelievesinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.10.Evidently,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingtotherelationshipbetweentwopeopleandthespecificsituation.A.QuitethecontraryB.ThesameisindailylifeC.InabusyoumaylookatastrangerD.LookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtoberudeE.ThisshowsthelistenerisinterestedinyourspeechF.IfaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeakingG.Sometimesitdoesn’tmattertolookatsomeonetoolong【答案】CBDFA【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了許多含義可以通過我們的眼睛清楚地傳達，所以人們常說眼睛會說話。作者列舉了一些例子，來說明眼神交流應該根據(jù)兩個人之間的關系和具體情況來進行。6.根據(jù)上文“Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?”和下文“butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstaredat,hemayfeeluncomfortable.”（但不要太久。如果他感覺到有人盯著他看，他可能會感覺不自在。）可知該空承上啟下，C選項（在公共汽車上，你可能會看著一個陌生人）切題，故選C。7.根據(jù)下文“Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.”（如果你被過多地審視，你會不由自主上下打量自己，看看自己是否有什么問題。）該空引出下文，是日常生活中常有的事。B選項（日常生活也是如此）切題，故選B。8.根據(jù)下文“Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.”（但當你盯著異性看時，情況就不一樣了。）可知，該空引出下文，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，D選項（盯著別人看太久似乎不禮貌）切題，故選D。9.下文“asifhetriestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.”（就好像他試圖控制你，你會感到不舒服。）可知，該空引出下文，F(xiàn)選項（如果說話的人一直看著你）切題，故選F。10.根據(jù)上文“Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim,sincehebelievesinthefalseideathattolookstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.”（一個不會說謊的人通常會因為長時間盯著對方而暴露自己，因為他相信直視對方的眼睛是誠實交流的一種錯誤觀念。）可知，A選項（恰恰相反）切題，故選A。CPolitenessisthepracticalapplicationofgoodmanners,thegoalofwhichistomakeallofthepartiesrelaxedandcomfortable.It’saflexiblemanagementofwordsandactions,bywhichwemakeotherpeoplehaveabetteropinionofusandthemselves.Itseekstobuildapositiverelationship.11.However,intherushofdailylifebeingpoliteissocialbehaviorthatwefindrarenowadays.12Theydon’teventakethetimetolookaround.Thishasledtothelossofsimplesocialrulessomemighttakeforgrantedandthatareparticularlypowerful.13,peoplebecomelessandlessattentivetoothers’feelings,forhumaninteraction(互動)isalmostlost.Takeforinstancetherudenesswetoleratewhenapersonislookingathisphonewhentalkingtous.Beingpoliteisnotjustasimplesocialelegance.14.Thesedays“Please”and“ThankYou”areforgotten.Andnotmanypeopleareawarethatthesetwosimplewordscaneasilyopenorcloseanydoor