職稱英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉試題答案解析

年職稱英語(yǔ)考試?yán)砉試題答案解析一、詞匯選項(xiàng)。下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有下劃線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。（第1～15題，每題1分，共15分）1.【題干】Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.【選項(xiàng)】A．imaginationB．disclosureC．confirmationD．recall【答案】B2.【題干】Jensenisdangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.【選項(xiàng)】A．carelessB．cruelC．strongD．hard【答案】B3.【題干】You'llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.【選項(xiàng)】A．jumpB．escapeC．runD．prepare【答案】C4.【題干】Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.【選項(xiàng)】A．changebleB．stableC．suitableD．a(chǎn)daptable【答案】A5.【題干】Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.【選項(xiàng)】A．haircutB．purseC．clothesD．necklace【答案】C6.【題干】Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.【選項(xiàng)】A．fearB．joyC．hurtD．memory【答案】C7.【題干】Theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.【選項(xiàng)】A．decorateB．waterC．changeD．visit【答案】B8.【題干】Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.【選項(xiàng)】A．disabledB．pupilC．teenagerD．baby【答案】D9.【題干】Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.【選項(xiàng)】A．warmB．severeC．hardD．dry【答案】A10.【題干】Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.【選項(xiàng)】A．realB．outstandingC．creativeD．false【答案】A11.【題干】Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.【選項(xiàng)】A．globalB．possibleC．ongoingD．central【答案】B12.【題干】Theideawasquitebrilliant.【選項(xiàng)】A．positiveB．cleverC．keyD．original【答案】B13.【題干】Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.【選項(xiàng)】A．regulatedB．increasedC．maintainedD．fell【答案】D14.【題干】Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionincarmaintenance.【選項(xiàng)】A．coachingB．ideaC．termD．a(chǎn)spect【答案】A15.【題干】Allhouseswithin100metersoftheseasareatriskofflooding.【選項(xiàng)】A．indangerB．outofcontrolC．betweenequalsD．inparticular【答案】A二、閱讀判斷。下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。（第16—22題，每題1分，共7分）TheTheoryofEveryoneIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration（分解）ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteorsmellanything.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingisoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience,heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginit?Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingisabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.IfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.16．【題干】StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】B17．【題干】StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】A18．【題干】StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】A19．【題干】ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】B20．【題干】StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn'thavetowork.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】A21．【題干】StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsofA．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】C22．【題干】TheTheoryofEverythingisabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniversefollows.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned【答案】A三、概括大意與完成句子。下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)標(biāo)題；（2）第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。（第23～30題，每題1分，共8分）Geothermal（地?zé)幔〦nergy1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（巖漿）.Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可滲透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary（雙重的）plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.【題干】Paragraph1_____【選項(xiàng)】A．DrysteamplantsB．BinaryplantsC．OriginofgeothermalenergyD．GenerationofelectricityE．FlashsteamplantsF．Recyclablewaterandsteam【答案】C24【題干】Paragraph2_____【選項(xiàng)】A．DrysteamplantsB．BinaryplantsC．OriginofgeothermalenergyD．GenerationofelectricityE．FlashsteamplantsF．Recyclablewaterandsteam【答案】A25【題干】Paragraph3_____【選項(xiàng)】A．DrysteamplantsB．BinaryplantsC．OriginofgeothermalenergyD．GenerationofelectricityE．FlashsteamplantsF．Recyclablewaterandsteam【答案】E26【題干】Paragraph4_____【選項(xiàng)】A．DrysteamplantsB．BinaryplantsC．OriginofgeothermalenergyD．GenerationofelectricityE．FlashsteamplantsF．Recyclablewaterandsteam【答案】F27.【題干】Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．theenergytoturnaturbineB．impermeablerockC．oneortwoseparatorsD．turbineoperatorE．littleornowaterF．hotsprings【答案】B28.【題干】Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．theenergytoturnaturbineB．impermeablerockC．oneortwoseparatorsD．turbineoperatorE．littleornowaterF．hotsprings【答案】E29.【題干】Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．theenergytoturnaturbineB．impermeablerockC．oneortwoseparatorsD．turbineoperatorE．littleornowaterF．hotsprings【答案】C30.【題干】Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．theenergytoturnaturbineB．impermeablerockC．oneortwoseparatorsD．turbineoperatorE．littleornowaterF．hotsprings【答案】A四、閱讀理解。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。（第31—45題，每題3分，共45分）SmartWindows1.Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweeneasily.2."Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,"saysClaesGranqvist.He'saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden."It'scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell."So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey'restuckindoors.3.Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenit'shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing（使人清新的）,actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.4.Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing（用玻璃覆蓋）,andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusesomechromogenic（發(fā)色的）technologiesinvolvingchangesofcolor.5.Electrochromic（電致色的）windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersoftungstenoxide（氧化鎢）worksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage（電壓）isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilit'scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.6.Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof"memory".Allittakesisasmallshockofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakefrom10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed."Inthefuture,"Granqvistsays,"ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent."31.【題干】WhichofthefollowingvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?【選項(xiàng)】A．Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B．Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C．Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.D．Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.【答案】D32.【題干】Theexpression"whenitcomesto"inParagraph3isusedto_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．signalthearrivalofaguest.B．indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.C．showourunderstandingofsomething.D．introduceanewaspectofatopic.【答案】D33.【題干】AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthat_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．a(chǎn)recosted.B．a(chǎn)reglazed.C．haveseverallayers.D．canchangecolor.【答案】D34.【題干】Whichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschanging?【選項(xiàng)】A．Paragraph5.B．Paragraph3.C．Paragraph4.D．Paragraph6.【答案】A35.【題干】Asmartwindowsissmartmainlybecause_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．itcanchangeitssize.B．itcanchangeitsstructure.C．itcanchangethevoltageofelectricity.D．ithasasortofmemory.【答案】DSportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity（名氣）.Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess（杰出的才能）alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft（選抜），hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful（難對(duì)付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture（骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder（震動(dòng)）spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocessWesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefitsalthoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair."ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing."It'sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon'tthinkthatit'sshortonscience."

36.【題干】Theword"towering"inParagraph1means_____【選項(xiàng)】A．large.B．fat.C．tall.D．great.【答案】C37.【題干】OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis_____【選項(xiàng)】A．mobility.B．a(chǎn)ssault.C．defense.D．celebrity.【答案】A38.【題干】YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause_____【選項(xiàng)】A．hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B．hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C．thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D．hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.【答案】B39.【題干】WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?【選項(xiàng)】A．HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B．HeisanNBAplayer.C．Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D．Heisaninternationalfigure.【答案】A40.【題干】Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis_____.【選項(xiàng)】A．indifferent.B．positive.C．negative.D．doubtful.【答案】DCanyouhearThis?Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant（反射的）sound,whichcanbeheardevenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime.Becauseeachuseofanauditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly:thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtimesomewherebetween.Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel（平行的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars（柱）andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someoftheseproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41．【題干】Thispassageismainlyabout_____A．soundwavesandtheireffects.B．thetypesofmusicorchestrasplay.C．wallsofanauditorium.D．thedesignofanauditorium.【答案】D42．【題干】WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthave_____A．a(chǎn)shortreverberationtime.B．a(chǎn)nintermediatereverberationtime.C．noreverberationtime.D．a(chǎn)longreverberationtime.【答案】D43．【題干】Thispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshould_____A．getridofallreflections.B．nothaveabsorbers.C．a(chǎn)chieveapleasingmixtureofsound.D．havesmoothsurfaces.【答案】D44．【題干】Largepillarsandcornersmay_____A．makesoundrichandfull.B．becuresforsoundproblems.C．besourcesofsoundproblems.D．functionaseffectivelyasclouds.【答案】C45．【題干】Theword"acoustic"inthelastparagraphhassomethingtodowith_____A．performance.B．sound.C．a(chǎn)udience.D．weather.【答案】B五、補(bǔ)全短文。下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。（第46～50題，每題2分，共10分）WhatIsaDream?Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutaperson'smindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.__E__（46）TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperson'swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.__F__（47）Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson'sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.__C__（48）Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.__A__（49）Thisisnottrueofwomen'sdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.__D__（50）Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It'simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A．Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B．Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C．Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D．However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.E．Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F．Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.

六、完型填空。下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。（第51-65題，每題1分，共15分）WarmerclimatewillbaketropicalbugsGlobalwarmingcouldcooktropic