(通用版)高考英語一輪復習考點突破課件必修三　Unit 4 (含詳解)

鏈接高考一、考綱詞匯熟詞生義350詞131.field

vt.處理，應(yīng)付(問題、電話等)TheBBChadtofieldmorethan300phonecallsafterlastnight'sprogramme.英國廣播公司在昨夜的節(jié)目播出以后，不得不答復了300多次電話。132.file

vt.&vi.提出(訴訟)；提出(申請)Mr.Genoafiledaformalcomplaintagainstthedepartment.吉諾阿先生對那個部門提出了正式的投訴。133.fill

vt.打發(fā)，度過(時間)Shedidn'tknowhowtofillherdays.她不知道怎樣打發(fā)日子。134.find

vt.裁決；判決；判定Whentheyfoundusguilty,Ijustwentblank.當他們判定我們有罪時，我的腦子頓時一片空白。135.finish

vt.&vi.得……名；獲……成績Shewasdelightedtofinishsecond.她為競賽得了第二名而高興。136.flood

vt.(使)充斥，充滿Cheapgoodsarefloodingthemarket.廉價商品充斥著市場。137.fly

vt.(故事、謠言等)傳開，傳播Rumorshadbeenflyingaroundtheworkroomsallmorning.整個早上流言在各工作間傳來傳去。138.follow

vt.(電影、書等)呈現(xiàn)，敘述Thefilmfollowsthefortunesoftwowomen.這部電影講述了兩個女人的命運。139.fond

adj.(回憶)愉快的，愉悅的Ihaveveryfondmemoriesoflivinginourvillage.我對鄉(xiāng)村生活有著十分美好的回憶。140.grasp

n.理解力；領(lǐng)悟力Hergraspoftheissueswasimpressive.她對這些問題的領(lǐng)悟能力極強。二、高考長難句例析1.（2019全國III卷）…notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.【解析】notonly置于句首時，notonly所在的句子要用部分倒裝語序?！揪湟狻慨斎唬粌H是當代西方頂級的設(shè)計師正被中國影響著——一些最好的當代時尚設(shè)計師自己就是中國人。2.（2019全國III卷）Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.【解析】本句是but連接的并列句。句中的forbidding是形容詞，意為“令人生畏的”?！揪湟狻拷裉?美元或10美元似乎是小數(shù)目的錢，但在當時這些數(shù)額是大多數(shù)人難拿出手的。

詞匯接龍1.religion

n.宗教；宗教信仰→____________adj.

虔誠的；宗教的2.globen.

球體；地球儀；地球→____________adj.

全球性的；全世界的3.violentadj.

猛烈的；激烈的；強暴的→____________n.

暴力；(言行的)狂暴4.biologyn.

生物學；生理→____________n.

生物學家→____________adj.

生物學的；生物的5.existvi.

存在；生存→____________n.

實有；存在；生活→____________

adj.

目前的；現(xiàn)存的6.harmfuladj.

有害的→____________n.&vt.

損害；傷害；危害→__________

adj.

無害的；無惡意的7.puzzlen.

謎；難題

v.(使)迷惑；(使)為難→____________adj.

費解的；令人困惑的→____________adj.

困惑的；糊涂的；茫然的8.physicistn.

物理學家→____________n.

物理學；物理現(xiàn)象→____________

adj.

身體的；物質(zhì)的→____________adv.身體上；根本上課前自測1.religious

2.global

3.violence

4.biologist;biological

5.existence;existing

6.harm;harmless

7.puzzling;puzzled

8.physics;physical;physically詞塊自測1.____________及時；終于2.____________熟悉；掌握；理解3.____________產(chǎn)生；分娩4.____________輪到某人；接著5.____________阻止；制止6.____________感到高興；感到振奮7.____________既然8.____________突發(fā)；爆發(fā)9.____________密切注視；當心；提防10.____________擋住，遮住(光線等)11.____________根據(jù)；按照；取決于12.____________冷卻；平靜下來13.____________各種各樣的14.____________下蛋1.intime

2.getthehangof

3.givebirthto

4.inone’sturn

5.prevent...from

6.cheerup

7.nowthat

8.breakout

9.watchout

10.blockout

11.accordingto

12.cooldown

13.allsorts/kindsof

14.layeggs句型補全1.whether引導名詞性從句

So____________ontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon____________.所以，在未來的數(shù)百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。2.watchsb.dosth.看見某人做某事

Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatching____________.我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著(身后的)地球越來越小，而(前方的)月球越來越大。3.nowthat引導原因狀語從句“Ohdear，”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpractice____________gravityhaschanged.”“天哪，”我大聲說，“重力改變了，看來走路也的確需要練一練?！?.whetherlifewillcontinue;whetherthisproblemcanbesolved

2.theearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger

3.nowthat課堂學案Key:①harmful②harmless③toKey:①把existed改為exists②把exist改為existing

③in④existence⑤existingKey:①把an改為a②把puzzled改為puzzling

③puzzled④puzzlingKey:①pulltogether②pullthrough③pull/pullingout

④pulleddownKey:①及時②準時③每次④立刻Key:①inherturn②byturns/inturn③taketurnsKey:①在prevent前加to②把leave改為leaving③把to改為from或刪除toKey:①爆發(fā)②擺脫③逃離

what引導名詞性從句Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.隨后它會變成什么沒人能知道，直到38－45億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢形成一個固體的球狀物。what可以引導主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句以及同位語從句，what在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語，通常表示“……東西或事情”，“……的人或樣子”，“……的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”，“……的時間”和“……的地方”。①我最想要的是休息幾天。__________，morethananything,wasafewdays'rest.(want)②是否能找到阻止污染的方法是令民眾擔心的事。Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust__________thepublic.(worry)③你不知道我所遭受的痛苦。Youhavenoidea__________(suffer).①WhatIwanted②whatworries③whatI(have)suffered倍數(shù)表達法：倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as＋...常見的倍數(shù)的表達方式有：(1)倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as…(2)倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than…(3)倍數(shù)＋thesize/height/weight/depth＋of…(4)倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋as…注意：在表示“兩倍”時要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”。倍數(shù)有時也可以用分數(shù)、百分數(shù)、half等來替換。ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，然后我摔倒了。①twiceasquicklyas②fourtimesasbigas③tentimesbetterthan④twicetheamountofrain①據(jù)報道，全球變暖使這個星球變暖的速度是人們以前擔心的兩倍。Itisreportedthatglobalwarmingisheatingtheplanet__________previouslyfeared.(quickly)②這個國家至少是英格蘭的四倍大。Thecountryisatleast__________England.(as)③這篇作品比你上次的那篇要好上十倍。Thispieceofworkis__________thelastpieceyoudid.(than)④這個城市今年的降水量是去年的兩倍。Thecityreceived__________itgotlastyear.(amount)1.現(xiàn)需要100名對天文學感興趣的志愿者在2033年登月。2.你是否被選中取決于你能否滿足以下條件：年滿18歲，身體健康，吃苦耐勞，與他人良好相處，掌握基本的太空理論。3.不同于在地球上，在月球上我們可能會遇到各種挑戰(zhàn)或新奇的事情。4.既然這條消息讓你覺得很興奮，那就加入我們吧。5.你將有機會和科學家一起探索那些你一直感到困惑的太空問題。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Now100volunteerswhoareinterestedinastronomyarewantedtoflytothemoonin2033.Whetheryouarechosendependsonthefollowingrequirements:over18yearsold,soundinbody,abletoendurehardship,getalongwellwithothersandgetthehangofthebasictheoryofspace.Unlikeontheearth,wemayfaceallsorts/kindsofchallengesornovelthingsonthemoon.Nowthatthisnewsmakesyouexcited,comeandjoinus!Youwillhavetheopportunitytoexplorethespaceproblemsthatyouhavebeenpuzzledaboutwithscientists.一、用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Theywentabouttheirbusinessina____________(system)way.2.Thiscannotbesolvedwith____________(violent).3.____________(like)aerobics(有氧運動),walkinginvolvesnoexpensivefeesforclassesorclubs.4.Asparents,weareoftenblindtoourownbadhabits,yetbadhabitsand____________(harm)lifestylechoicescanaffectourchildrenbadly.5.A____________(physics)isascientistwhostudiesphysics.6.Thecountrymightbeanengineforthe____________(globe)economy.7.Shelistenedtothelectureaboutuniversewitha__________(puzzle)expressiononherface.8.Theroleofmuseumswithinsocietyseemstobechanging____________(fundamental)andrapidly.9.The____________(exist)oftidesisoftentakenasanevidenceofgravitybutthisisactuallynotaccurate.10.Torontoissuchamulticulturalcitythattherearemany____________(religion)holidays.1.systematic

2.violence

3.Unlike

4.harmful

5.physicist

6.global

7.puzzled

8.fundamentally

9.existence

10.religious二、根據(jù)句意用所給短語的正確形式填空。

beharmfulto,prevent…from,cheerup,nowthat,intime,watchout,allow…todo,getthehangof,breakout,cooldown,givebirthto,accordingto1.Ifeverythingwent____________theplantheywouldmovetothecitybeforetheendoftheyear.2.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatoverdrinking____________ourhealth.3.Afterseveralmonthsofhardwork,theyachievedtheirgoal____________.4.They____________whentheysawtheirfriendswin.5.This____________earlynetworkmanagementsystems(NMSs).6.Afire____________inthelowerfloorduringthemidnightandsoonthewholebuildingwasinflames.7.Fiercewinds____________therace____________takingplaceyesterday.8.Hehashadtimeto____________andlookatwhathappenedmoreobjectively.9.Afterseveralyearsofpractice,IthinkIwillfinally________it.10.____________youareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithoughtthisfestivalwouldbeaworthwhileexperienceforyou.1.accordingto

2.isharmfulto

3.intime

4.cheeredup

5.gavebirthto

6.brokeout

7.prevented;from

8.cooldown

9.getthehangof

10.Nowthat三、單句改錯

1.Therewasapuzzlinglookonthelittlegirl'sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.2.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelopit.3.Someboysspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames,whichisveryharmfulfortheirhealth.4.Thenewbuildingnowisfourtimesthatitwasinthepast.5.Nowthatthechildrenhaveknowntheresult,sowecantelleveryoneelse.6.Manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottolive.7.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptingtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”．8.IfwecanlandonMarsdependsonthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.9.Itwasnotimmediateobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.10.Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolveit.1.把第一個puzzling改為puzzled

2.刪除develop后的it

3.把for改為to

4.把that改為what

5.刪除so

6.在live后加on

7.把accepting改為accepted

8.把If改為Whether

9.把immediate改為immediately

10.刪除it四、語法填空

Thespaceshipwarnedustobereadyaswewereapproachingthe“blackhole”.We