定語從句-DIY課件

GrammarStudy一.英語句子從結(jié)構(gòu)上看有三種類型：

1.簡(jiǎn)單句（SimpleSentence)2.并列句（CompoundSentence)3.復(fù)合句（ComplexSentence)——定語從句attributiveclause(1)簡(jiǎn)單句的五大基本句型：主語+連系動(dòng)詞+表語主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語主語＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋狀語主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋間賓＋直賓主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)

Herfacebecameredwithanger.Youcanconsidermysuggestion.

Thiskindofclothsellswell.Hetoldmeasecret.Hefoundtheworkhalfdone.（2）并列句：由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上等立而又相互獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成，兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句由等立連詞連在一起。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：簡(jiǎn)單句+等立連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句（3）復(fù)合句：由一個(gè)主句或幾個(gè)從句構(gòu)成的句子。從句只用作句子的一個(gè)成份，不能獨(dú)立。根據(jù)從句在句中的作用，可分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句三類。eg:HehasstudiedEnglishforonlyoneyear,buthecanreadandwritenow.Keeponandyouwillmakeprogress.三.定語從句：

由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語從句的位置：在名詞或代詞后先行詞：

被定語從句修飾的詞引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞

引導(dǎo)詞的作用：(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句

(2)在從句中作一成份

(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置定語從句的核心----引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞的作用：

(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句

(2)在從句中作一成份

(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.themachine=thatJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)themachineamachine關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.指人指物主語賓語that

whichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語時(shí)可以省略關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.

Thefriendwho/that

hecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry..Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

whypeopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是“介詞＋先行詞”1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況4Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest___________istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_____________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman____________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most__________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich練習(xí):介詞+關(guān)系代詞的使用難用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格難用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenactivityCanyoudescribeyourclassmatesoryourstuffusingattributiveclause(whose)?先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethatcanfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whoseintheschool

=where關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞定語從句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定語從句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用能否省略翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句插入成分修飾限定補(bǔ)充解釋能不能….的能否省略Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果限制性定語從句省略后主語所指就不明確，所以不能省略非限制性定語從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem×

that1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.which1.Hedidall/everything______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.把that,which或who填入下列空白處thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat把that,which,whose,whomorwho填入空格9.Isthereanythingelse_______

youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_______

hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______

madeothersupset.12.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_______

sataboy.13.Themanto_______Ispokeisafamousscientist.14.Theboy_______

motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.thatthatwhichwhich

whomwhose當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí),如:all,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等只能用that做關(guān)系代詞的情況當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修飾時(shí)只能用that做