時文閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練(05) -高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)

時文閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練(05)高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)英語閱讀訓(xùn)練.第頁(共15頁)★(一)時文摘要新冠病毒疫情的持續(xù)，通貨膨脹引起的食物價格上漲，使更多的家庭陷入困境，這也讓食品銀行這類慈善組織的運營更加困難。它們急需通過獲取捐贈和志愿者的幫助來開展它們的正常運營，以幫助更多需要幫助的人。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案. Alongwiththebread,meatandvegetables,there’salwaysalotofloveatfoodbanks.

“Thisismycommunity,”

saidSaraDiaz,avolunteeratGrowingHome,afood

pantry

thatserves2,000familiesinamostlyLatinopopulationinasuburbofDenver. Theiraverageclientmakesabout$15,000ayear,workingmultiplejobstomakeendsmeet.

“Yesterday,amansaidtome,‘Isitgoingtobeopentomorrow?’andIsaid‘Yes,’

andhesaid,‘BecauseIwenttothestoreandIcouldn’tbuybread,’”

Diazsaid.“Youmusthaveaheartofstoneifallthisdoesn’thurtyou.”

“Familiesarehavingtomakeextraordinarilyharddecisions,”

saidKarenFoxElwell,presidentandCEOofGrowingHome.

Rightnow,they’reseeingaboutfivetoseventimestheamountoffamiliesthatneededservicesthantheydidbeforethepandemic.Acrossthecountry,it’sasimilarstory. Theneedhasincreased15%sincethepandemic,butwhat’simpactingtheseshelvesandfoodbanksisbeyondthepandemic—it’sinflation.

“Itissignificantlydrivingupourcosts,”

saidElwell.

Itmaycomeasasurprisebutfoodbanksbuythemajorityoftheirfood.Nonprofitsareusedtooperatingonsmall

budgets

butinflationisputting

pressureonthemandtheirsuppliers.

“PreCOVID,we’resendingout$300,000everymonthonfood.Now,it’salmostamilliondollarsamonth,”

saidErinPulling,presidentandCEOofFoodBankoftheRockies. Grocerybills,overall,increased8.6%inFebruary,whichwasthebiggestjumpsinceApril1981.

“Beefpricesareup27%overoneyearago,cannedfruitup30%.”

saidPulling.

“Manyfamiliesarestrugglinginmanydifferentways,andyoucan’talwaystellwhoreallyisinthosesituations,”

saidElwell.

OrganizationslikeGrowingHomeneedallthehelptheycanget—

throughdonationsandvolunteers—tocontinuetohelpasmanypeopleaspossible.

“Thisisn’tgoingtolastforeverandIknowbetterdaysarecoming,”

saidDiaz.1.Theunderlinedword“pantry”hastheclosestmeaningto_______.A

.

storeB

.

chainC

.

communityD

.

bank2.Whatistheconditionofaverageclientsofthefoodbanks?A

.Theyhavetheheartsofstone.B

.

Theyallhaveseriousdiseases.C

.

Theyareingreatneedofmoney.D

.

Theyliketomakeharddecisions.3.Whatcausedtheshortageoffoodsinthefoodbanks?A

.

ThespreadofCOVID.B

.

Theriseofthefoodprice.C

.

Thevarietyoffoods.D

.

Thelackoffoodshelves.4.WhatwillGrowingHomedointhenearfuture?A

.

Itwilltrytocollectmorehelp.B

.

Itwillstoremorefoods.C

.

Itwilllowerthepriceoffoods.D

.

Itwillidentifyfamiliesinrealneed.★(二)時文摘要分布于肯尼亞山的野生紫羚羊已不足100只，為了挽救該物種，肯尼亞設(shè)立了馬溫古山紫羚羊保護(hù)區(qū)，并在該保護(hù)區(qū)執(zhí)行紫羚羊繁殖和再野生化計劃。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案. AnenvironmentalgroupsaysaprogramtosaveoneofKenya’smostfamousanimalshasreturnedagroupofmountainbongos(紫羚羊)

tothewild,the3.1squarekilometerMawinguMountainBongo

Sanctuary(保護(hù)區(qū))

nearMountKenya. Thebongo’sreleaseisthehighpointofabreeding(繁殖)

andrewildingprogramthatbeganin2004.Rewildingmeansplanningtheintroductionofarareanimalbackintothewild.Theprogramaimstohave50-70fullyrewildedbongosinthesanctuaryby2025,and750by2050,accordingtothegovernment.“Thisislikethefirststepintherecovery,”

saidIsaacLekolool,headofveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)servicesattheKenyaWildlifeService,orKWS. Mountainbongosonceroamedwidelyinlargenumbers.However,a

combinationofdisease,illegalhuntingandlossofforesthabitatfromillegalloggingandagriculturehaveleftfewerthan100mountainbongos

inthewild,accordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

“ThemountainbongoisoneofKenya’smostimportant

iconic

animals,”

saidNajibBalala,ministeroftourismandwildlife,aftercuttingtheribbonatthesanctuary’sopeningceremonyonWednesday.

ThefewremaininganimalsliveinforestedareasaroundKenya

now.Theirbodieshavethin,whitestripes,

makingthemeasytorecognize.

Amongthethreats,theIUCNsaystherehasbeenanincreaseinhuntingofmountainbongosbylocalpeople,includinghuntingwithdogs.“This

species

isbeingdriventoextinctioninthewildunlesssomethingisdonequickly.”

SaidRobertAruho,headofveterinary

servicesattheMountKenyaWildlifeConservancy(MKWC),acharity.MKWChassetupcommunityconservation,education,andempowermentprogramstoraiseawarenessandhelpreducehumanthreatstotheanimal.

Tohelpmaintaingeneticdiversityinthebreedingprogram,approvalhasbeengiventoimportbongosfromEuropeandAmerica,Aruhosaid.1.What’sthecontentofthebreedingandrewildingprogram?A

.

Helpingthedamagedforests.B

.

Releasingthebongosintothewild.C

.Preventingillegalhuntingforbongos.D

.

Settingupamountainbongo

sanctuary.2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesmountainbongos?A

.

Theylookthinwithwhitestripes.B

.

TheywereonceasymbolofKenya.C

.

TheyareKenya’shighly

endangered

animals.D

.

Theyareusedtolivinginareasofopengrassland.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A

.

Avarietyofbongoswillbeseeninthesanctuary.B

.

Humanhuntingforbongoshasappearedrecently.C.

MKWCistryingtomakeaprofitfromtheprograms.D.

Reducehumanthreatscanhardlyhelpsavethebongos.4.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A

CharitiesRaisingMountainBongos.B

AProgramtoSaveMountainBongos.C

ASanctuaryforMountainBongos.D

WhyMountainBongosDisappear.★(三)時文摘要上海疫情形勢嚴(yán)峻，也牽動著全國人民的心。各地紛紛派出醫(yī)護(hù)人員馳援上海抗疫，而上海為此也作了充分的準(zhǔn)備。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案. The

COVID-19

outbreakin

China’s

largestandbusiestcity

ofShanghairemains“extremelyserious”amidanongoinglockdownconfiningaround26millionpeopletotheirhomes,acityofficialsaidTuesday.

DirectorofShanghai’sworkinggrouponepidemiccontrol,GuHonghui,wasquotedbystatemediaassayingthattheoutbreakinthecitywas“stillrunningatahighlevel.”

“Thesituationisextremely

grim,”Gu

said. Chinahassentmorethan10,000

health

workersfromaroundthecountrytoaidthecity,including2,000fromthemilitary,andismasstestingresidents,someofwhomhavebeenlockeddownforweeks.

MostofeasternShanghai,whichwassupposedtoreopenlastFriday,remainedlockeddownalongwiththewesternhalfofthecity. Officialswouldreevaluatepreventativemeasuresaftertheresultsoftestsonallcityresidentsareanalyzed,Gusaid.

“Beforethat,citizensareaskedtocontinuefollowingthecurrentlockdownmeasuresandstayintheirhomesexceptformedicalandotheremergencysituations,”Gusaid.

Shanghaihasreportedmorethan73,000positiveCOVID-19

infections

sincetheresurgence(復(fù)蘇)

ofthehighlycontagiousomicronvariantinMarch. Shanghairecordedanother13,354casesonMonday—thevastmajorityofthemasymptomatic(無癥狀的)

—bringingthecity’stotaltomorethan73,000sincethelatestwaveofinfectionsbeganlastmonth.Nodeathshavebeenascribedtotheoutbreakdrivenbytheomicron

BA.2

variant,whichismuchmoreinfectiousbutalsolesslethal(致死的)

thanthepreviousdeltastrain.

Gusaidabout47,700bedsareavailableforCOVID-19patients,withanother30,000bedstobereadysoon.Itwasn’tclearhowmanybedswereavailableforpatientsplacedunderobservation,whonumbermorethan100,000accordingtocityhealthauthorities.1.Theunderlinedword“grim”inthefirstparagraphmaymean______.A

.

largeB

.

extremeC

.excellentD

.

serious2.WhatwillhealthworkersdoinShanghai?A

.Theywillcheckthereasonofoutbreak.B

.

Theywilltravelwithsomeofmilitary.C

.

Theywillhelptocontroltheepidemic.D

.

Theywillcarryoutthelockdownpolicy.3.WhencouldShanghaiendthelockdown?A

.

Aftertheycarryoutthenewlockdownmeasure.B

.Afterthegoodresultsoftestsonallcityresidents.C

.

Afterthespreadofthecontagiousomicronvariant.D

.

AftertreatmentsofthepositiveCOVID-19

infections.4.WhatdidGuthinkofthepreparation?A

.

Great.B

.

Bad.C

.

Poor.D

.

Careless.★(四)時文摘要東航MU5735航空器飛行事故中的一部黑匣子，已被送往美國華盛頓，將由美方協(xié)助調(diào)取數(shù)據(jù)。該黑匣子為駕駛艙話音記錄器，主要記錄機(jī)組人員和地面人員的通話、機(jī)組人員之間的對話以及駕駛艙內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的各種音響。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案. BothblackboxesfromapassengerplanecrashinsouthernChina

lastmonththatkilled132people

arebeinganalyzedbyU.S.expertsatagovernmentlabinWashington,D.C.

TheNationalTransportationSafetyBoard(NTSB)

said

itishelpingitsChinesecounterpartsdownloadinformationfromtheflightdatarecorder.

TheAmericanagencysaid

itwasdoingthesameforthecockpit(駕駛艙)

voicerecorder(CVR).Bothmayhavebeendamagedbytheimpactofthecrash.Iftheinformationonthemcanberecovered,itcouldtellwhytheChinaEasternBoeing737-800wentintoasuddennosedivefromabout8,800meters(29,000feet)overamountainousregion

onMarch21. Thecrashlefta20-meter-deephugehole

inamountainside,destroyed

theplanecompletelyandsetoffafireinthesurroundingforest.Morethan49,000piecesofplanedebriswerefound.Ittook2

daystofindtheCVR,whichwouldpickupvoicesandothersoundsfrommicrophoneswornbythepilotsandanotherstationedovertheirheads.Another4days

latersearchersrecovered

theflightdatarecorder,whichconstantlyrecordsinformationofspeed,altitudeandtheperformanceofkeysystemsontheaircraft.

Andit

wasburied1.5metersunderground. U.S.accidentinvestigatorsarrivedinChinatoassisttheinvestigationbytheCivilAviationAdministrationofChina(中國民用航空總局).TheNTSBteamistakingpartbecausetheplanewasmanufacturedintheUnitedStates.

Chineseofficialshavesaidapreliminary(初步的)

investigationreportwouldbecompletedwithin30daysofthecrash.

The737-800hasanexcellentsafetyrecordandtheChineseairlineindustryhashadrelativelyfew

mishaps

inrecentyears.

Beforelastmonth’saccident,thelastfatalcrashofaChineseairlineroccurredinAugust2010,whenanEmbraerERJ190-100operatedbyHenanAirlineshitthegroundshortoftherunwayinthenortheasterncityofYichunandcaughtfire,killing44people.Investigatorsblamedpiloterror.1.WhydidU.S.expertswanttorecovertheinformationonblackboxes?A

Toinvestigatetherealreasonofthecrash.B

Tofindwaystoflyovermountainousarea.C

ToexchangeinformationwithChinese.D

Tosellmoreflightdatarecorders.2.Whatinformationdoesthecockpitvoicerecorderhold?A

Thereasonoftheplanecrash.B

Thepilots’voiceandothersounds.C

Theflightspeedandaltitudedata.D

Thelocationoftheplanedebris.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mishaps”probablymean?A

Battles.B

Threats.C

Accidents.D

Performances.4.Whatcausedtheterribleplanecrashof2010inChina?A

Theenginefailure.B

Thesuddenfire.C

Thelackofrunway.D

Thepilots’mistakes.★(五)時文摘要據(jù)預(yù)測，今年美國海岸沿線的颶風(fēng)季將比往年更加活躍。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案. Anotherabove-averagehurricaneseasonisintheforecastfor2022.ApredictionissuedThursdaybyscientistsatColoradoStateUniversitysaystherewillbeatleastnineteennamedstormsandninehurricanes—fourofwhichwillbeCategoryThreeorhigher.Anaverageseasonnormallyhasfourteennamedstorms,aroundsevenhurricanesandthreemajorhurricanes. ResidentslivingalongtheU.S.coastlineandintheCaribbeanshouldbepreparedfor“anabove-averageprobabilityformajorhurricanesmakinglandfall”neartheirhomes,researcherssaid.HurricaneseasonbeginsofficiallyinJuneandlaststhroughNovember.“Asisthecasewithallhurricaneseasons,coastalresidentsareremindedthatitonlytakesonehurricanemakinglandfalltomakeitanactiveseasonforthem,”theresearcherssaid.“Theyshouldpreparethesameforeveryseason,regardlessofhowmuchactivityispredicted.” Thebusier-than-averagepredictedseasoncontinuesatrendthatresearchershaveseenforsometime.?Lastseason,CSUscientistspredicted17namedstormsandfourmajorhurricanes.Itendedupbeingthethirdmostactiveseasononrecord,with21namedstorms.Thereweresevenhurricaneslastseason—fourofwhichwereconsideredmajor. Hurricanesarelikeliertobelargerandmorepowerfulastheyformoverhotteroceanwater.Thankstoclimatechange,globalsea-surfacetemperaturesarerising.Notallstormsmakelandfall.Butthosethatdocanleadtomorethan$1billion?indamage,especiallyasthesestormscontinuetocausemoresevereflooding.LongtimeemergencymanagerChaunciaWillissaysclimatechangehasmadethethreatofanaturaldisastermoresignificant:Stormsarebecominglargerandmorepowerfulandarecreatingmoredamage.1.Whatcanbelearnedfromthesecondparagraph?A

.

Residentsshouldpreparedifferentlybasedonprediction.B

.

AllresidentsintheU.S.shouldprepareforhurricanes.C

.

Ahurricaneseasonusuallylastsabouthalfayear.D

.

Onehurricanecan’tmakeanactiveseason.2.HowdoestheauthorsupportthepredictioninParagraphThree?A

.

Byintroducingaconcept.B

.

Bymakingacomparison.C

.

Bymakinganargument.D

.

Bygivinganexample.3.Whyarestormsbecomingmorepowerful?A

.

Theyformoveroceanwater.B

.

Thesurfaceoftheseaisrising.C

.

Severefloodingcontinuestohappen.D

.

Climatekeepschanging.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A

.

ThehistoryofstormsandhurricanesintheU.S.B

.

ReasonsforlargeandpowerfulhurricanesintheU.S.C

.

Residents’preparationsforthecominghurricaneseason.D

.Thepredictionofamoreactivehurricaneseasonthisyear.【答案解析】★(一)1.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句的“Alongwiththebread,meatandvegetables,there’salwaysalotofloveatfoodbanks.”可知GrowingHome就是這樣的一家食品銀行，由此可以得知pantry與bank同義。故選D。2．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句的“Theiraverageclientmakesabout$15,000ayear,workingmultiplejobstomakeendsmeet”可以得知他們需要做好幾份工作來謀生，以及后面一個男人說的話“‘BecauseIwenttothestoreandIcouldn’tbuybread”他買不起面包，可知他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件不好。故選C。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句的“butwhat’simpactingtheseshelvesandfoodbankscoasttocoastisbeyondthepandemic—it’sinflation”可以得知是inflation影響了食品銀行的食品儲備；結(jié)合后文的“Itissignificantlydrivingupourcosts”增加了成本可知是食品價格上漲造成了食品銀行的食品短缺。故選B。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三句的“OrganizationslikeGrowingHomeneedallthehelptheycanget—throughdonationsandvolunteer”可以得知，該組織將要盡力獲取更多的幫助。故選A?！?二)1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thebongo’sreleaseisthehighpointofabreeding(繁殖)andrewildingprogramthatbeganin2004.”以及“Theprogramaimstohave50-70fullyrewildedbongosinthesanctuaryby2025,and750by2050”可知，該項目的主要目標(biāo)是把紫羚羊放歸野外。故選B。2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“haveleftfewerthan100mountainbongosinthewild”可知，在肯尼亞野外僅剩不到100只野生紫羚羊，由此可知它們是肯尼亞的高度瀕危動物。故選C。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Tohelpmaintaingeneticdiversityinthebreedingprogram,approvalhasbeengiventoimportbongosfromEuropeandAmerica,Aruhosaid.”可知該項目會從歐洲和美洲進(jìn)口紫羚羊，即在保護(hù)區(qū)里可以看到各種各樣的紫羚羊。故選A。4.B主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一個繁殖和再野生化項目，這個項目主要是為了拯救瀕危紫羚羊的項目。故選B?！?三)1.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句的“The

COVID-19

outbreakin

China’s

largestmetropolisofShanghairemains‘extremelyserious’”以及倒數(shù)第二句的“theoutbreakinthecitywas‘stillrunningatahighlevel.’”可知，上海的疫情形式很“嚴(yán)峻（serious）”。故選D。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句的“10,000

health

workersfromaroundthecountrytoaidthecity,including2,000fromthemilitary,andismasst