高三英語(yǔ)培優(yōu)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：語(yǔ)言文化話題

高三英語(yǔ)培優(yōu)外刊閱讀班級(jí)：____________學(xué)號(hào)：____________姓名：____________外刊精選｜新冠如何滅絕一門語(yǔ)言？【背景介紹】數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國(guó)北達(dá)科他州新冠肺炎死亡率位居美國(guó)各州及世界各國(guó)首位。而這里正是美洲原住民部落拉克塔族的家鄉(xiāng)。新冠讓這個(gè)民族的很多年長(zhǎng)者從此消失，與之一同離開的還有他們與大自然交流的語(yǔ)言。原住民語(yǔ)言的消亡究竟會(huì)有什么影響？語(yǔ)言對(duì)于一個(gè)人、一個(gè)民族、一個(gè)國(guó)家的意義又是什么？HowCovid-19ThreatensNativeLanguagesByJodiArchambaultOverfourcenturies,nineoutof10NativeAmericansperishedfromwarordisease.NowourpeoplearedyingfromCovid-19atextraordinarilyhighratesacrossthecountry.NorthandSouthDakota,hometotheLakotareservations,leadtheUnitedStatesforcoronavirusratespercapita.Wearelosingmorethanfriendsandfamilymembers;wearelosingthelanguagespokenbyourelders,thelifebloodofourpeopleandtheveryessenceofwhoweare.ThereachofourlanguageshasbeenfeltfarbeyondNorthandSouthDakota.GlobalsustainabilitymovementshaveadoptedLakotaconceptslike“Waterislife”,theunderstandingthatlifedoesnotexistwithoutwater;“Weareallrelated”,theinterconnectednessofallenergyintheuniverse,includinghumans;andplanningforthefuture,theideathatwemustcareforfuturegenerationsinallouractions.Wearerunningoutoftime.Wearelosingthelinksthatbindthousandsofgenerationstothepresentday.Wearelosingourchancetoinherittheirunderstandingofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Ratherthandwellingonoursuffering,considertheextraordinaryresilienceofmypeople.Covid-19hasonlystrengthenedourresolvetohonorandprotectourelders,thelanguagestheyspeak,andthewisdomtheycarry.IbelievethatifAmericansknewwhatwe’refacing,theywouldhelpus.Ifhistoryhastaughtusanything,itisthatgenerationstocomewillneedthatwisdommorethanwecanimagine.【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.native[?ne?t?v]adj.______________n.__________2.perish[?per??]vi._______________________________3.extraordinarily[?k?str??d?n?r?li]adv._______________________________4.reservation[?rez??ve???n]n._______________________________5.lifeblood[?la?fbl?d]n._______________________________6.essence[?es?ns]n._______________________________7.reach[ri?t?]n._______________________________8.bind[ba?nd]vt._______________________________9.inherit[?n?her?t]v._______________________________10.dwell[dwel]vi._______________________________11.resilience[r??z?lj?ns]n._______________________________12.resolve[r??z?lv]n._______________________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.高比率_______________________________2.B在A范圍內(nèi)領(lǐng)先_______________________________3.可持續(xù)性_______________________________4.如果說A教會(huì)了我們什么的話，沒有別的，那就是……_______________________________【長(zhǎng)難句學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)選出下列句子各畫線部分的語(yǔ)法名稱，并翻譯句子。1.(1)GlobalsustainabilitymovementshaveadoptedLakotaconceptslike“Waterislife”,theunderstanding(2)thatlifedoesnotexistwithoutwater(1)_______________(2)______________A.主句B.同位語(yǔ)從句翻譯：________________________________________________________________________拓展練習(xí)IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnasecondlanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter(灰質(zhì)).Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichdealswithinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDrAndreaMichelle,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifference.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible(靈活的).”hesaid.“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoand34.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,"explainedthescientists.13.Theunderlinedword“bilingual”probablymeans________.A.aresearcheronlanguagelearningB.apersonwhoisgoodatlearningforeignlanguagesC.apersonwhocanspeaktwolanguagesD.anactivelanguagelearner14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?A.Bilingualshavegreatergreymatterdensitythanthosewhospeakonlyonelanguage.B.Theyoungeronestartstolearnasecondlanguage,themorestupidhewillbe.C.Theparticipants(參與者)ofDr.Andrea’steam’sstudyareallbilinguals.D.Greymatterisanareainpeople’sbrainonlyreceivinginformation.15.Inthe2ndparagraph,thewritermentionsexerciseinorderto________.A.saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB.provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe/sheislearningalanguageC.toshowtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD.makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell16.Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis________.A.scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB.man’sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC.languagecanhelpbrainpowerD.languagelearningandmathsstudy外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.native[?ne?t?v]adj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?，土生土長(zhǎng)的n.當(dāng)?shù)厝?.perish[?per??]vi.死亡3.extraordinarily[?k?str??d?n?r?li]adv.出奇地，意想不到地4.reservation[?rez??ve???n]n.保留地5.lifeblood[?la?fbl?d]n.命脈6.essence[?es?ns]n.精髓，本質(zhì)7.reach[ri?t?]n.影響范圍8.bind[ba?nd]vt.捆綁9.inherit[?n?her?t]v.繼承；傳承10.dwell[dwel]vi.長(zhǎng)期停留或者居??；長(zhǎng)期關(guān)注……11.resilience[r??z?lj?ns]n.韌性12.resolve[r??z?lv]n.決心【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.athighrates高比率2.leadA