考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東莞理工學(xué)院城市學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-東莞理工學(xué)院城市學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Simplicityistheoutwardsignandsymbolofdepthofthought.Itseemstomesimplicityisaboutthemostdifficultthingtoachieveinscholarshipandwriting.Howdifficultisclarityofthought,andyetitisonlyasthoughtbecomesclearthatsimplicityispossible.Whenweseeawriterbelaboringandideawemaybesurethattheideaisbelaboringhim.Thisisprovedbythegeneralfactthatthelecturesofayoungcollegeassistantinstructor,freshlygraduatedwithhighhonors,aregenerallyabstruseandinvolved,andthetruesimplicityofthoughtandeaseofexpressionaretobefoundonlyinthewordsoftheolderprofessors.

Simplicitypresupposesdigestionandalsomaturity:aswegrowolder,ourthoughtsbecomeclearer,insignificantandperhapsfalseaspectsofaquestionarecutoffandceasetodisturbus,ideastakeonmoredefiniteshapesandlongtrainsofthoughtgraduallyshapethemselvesintoaconvenientformulawhichsuggestsitselftousonefinemorning,andwearriveatthattrueluminosityofknowledgewhichiscalledwisdom.Thereisnolongersenseofeffort,andtruthbecomessimpletounderstandbecauseitbecomesclear.

【答案】簡(jiǎn)樸是思想深度的外在標(biāo)志和象征。在我看來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)樸是在學(xué)術(shù)和寫作中最難做到的事情。思想清晰是很難的，然而只有當(dāng)思想變得清晰時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)樸才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)我們看到一個(gè)作家絞盡腦汁的時(shí)候，或許這個(gè)想法正在折磨他。這一觀點(diǎn)通常被如下事實(shí)所證明：一個(gè)剛畢業(yè)的高材生做了學(xué)校的助教，他寫出的文章通常深?yuàn)W難懂，而只有老教授才能有簡(jiǎn)明的思想和簡(jiǎn)易的表達(dá)。

簡(jiǎn)樸意味著領(lǐng)悟和成熟。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們的思想會(huì)變得更清晰，無(wú)用或者錯(cuò)誤的東西將不會(huì)困擾我們。思想更明確，而且經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的訓(xùn)練，我們的思想逐漸形成了它自己簡(jiǎn)明的模式，這暗示了思想清晰的開始。屆時(shí)，我們的思想達(dá)到了真正的高度，這就叫“智慧”。于是，真理變得簡(jiǎn)單，而且理解不費(fèi)力，因?yàn)樗兊酶逦恕?/p>

2.單選題

SomehistoriansareconvincedthatRomewasacorruptkingdomthatdeservedto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.die

B.expire

C.perish

D.cease

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)die“死亡；消失”，多用于指“有生命的人或物消亡”；B選項(xiàng)expire“（因到期而）失效；屆滿；去世”，表示“死亡”時(shí)，更強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作，理解為“斷氣”；C選項(xiàng)perish“死亡；毀滅”，多用于文學(xué)用語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物消失；D選項(xiàng)cease“（使）停止，終止，結(jié)束”。句意：一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為羅馬是一個(gè)腐敗的王國(guó)，理應(yīng)消亡。根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)的偏向性及語(yǔ)境，此處應(yīng)指“羅馬王國(guó)的消失”，C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.reflections反映；反響B(tài).demonstrations示范；展示

C.illuminations啟發(fā)；闡釋D.reproductions復(fù)制；復(fù)制品

【考查點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】句中mirror在這里表示反映的意思，that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾novel，在這里表示嘗試反映世界的小說(shuō)。空格后接of，of短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)。主句為novelsare+空格處名詞。空格處應(yīng)該填一個(gè)與mirror相似的單詞，表示反映的意思。A選項(xiàng)reflection符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)demonstration表示清楚細(xì)致地展示；

C選項(xiàng)illumination指某物能夠被理解；

D選項(xiàng)reproduction表示復(fù)制出與原物相似的物品。

【句意】許多試圖反映世界的小說(shuō)實(shí)際上反映了它們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

4.單選題

Manychildrenoften（）whyairplanescanflylikebirdswhilewehumanscannot.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expect

B.wonder

C.assume

D.anticipate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expect“猜想；認(rèn)為；料想”；B選項(xiàng)wonder“想知道，琢磨”；C選項(xiàng)assume“設(shè)想；承擔(dān)；采取”；D選項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)期；期盼”。句意：許多孩子經(jīng)常（）為什么飛機(jī)能像鳥一樣飛，而我們?nèi)祟惒荒?。根?jù)語(yǔ)境，wonder“想知道，琢磨”和why搭配比較合理。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

TheAmericantraditionhasfoundthisviewofhumanhistoryrepugnantandfalse.（1）

Thistraditionseestheworldasmany,notasone.Theseempiricalinstincts,thepreferenceforfactoverlogic,fordeedoverdogma,havefoundtheirmostbrilliantexpressioninthewritingsofWilliamJamesandintheapproachtophilosophicalproblemswhichJamescalled“radicalempiricism”.Againstthebeliefintheall-encompassingpowerofasingleexplanation,againstthecommitmenttotheabsolutismofideology,againstthenotionthatallanswerstopoliticalandsocialproblemscanbefoundinthebackofsomesacredbook,againstthedeterministicinterpretationofhistory,againstthecloseduniverse,（2）

Jamesstoodforwhathecalledtheunfinisheduniverse―auniversemarkedbygrowth,variety,ambiguity,mystery,andcontingency―auniversewherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwherenomortalmanwillevergetanabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth,auniversewheresocialprogressdependsnotoncapitulationtoasingle,all-consumingbodyof

doctrine,butonthe

unforced

intercourseofunconstrainedminds.

Thusideologyandpragmatismdifferradicallyintheirviewsofhistory.Theydifferjustasradicallyintheirapproachtoissuesofpublicpolicy.Theideologist,bymistakingmodelsforreality,alwaysmisleadsastothepossibilitiesandconsequencesofpublicdecision.Thehistoryofthetwentiethcenturyisarecordofthemanifoldwaysinwhichhumanityhasbeenbetrayedbyideology.

Letustakeanexamplefromcontemporaryhistory.（3）

Itisevidentnow,forexample,thatthechoicebetweenprivateandpublicmeans,thatchoicewhichhasobsessedsomuchrecentpoliticalandeconomicdiscussioninunderdevelopedcountries,isnotamatterofreligiousprinciple.Itisnotamoralissuetobedecidedonabsolutistgrounds,eitherbythoseontherightwhoregardtheuseofpublicmeansaswickedandsinful,orbythoseontheleftwhoregardtheuseofprivatemeanswickedandsinful.Itissimplyapracticalquestionastowhichmeanscanbestachievethedesiredend.Itisaproblemtobeanswerednotbytheologybutbyexperienceandexperiment.Indeed,Iwouldsuggestthatwemightwellbanishsomeoverloadedwordsfromintellectualdiscourse.Theybelongtothevocabularyofdemagoguery,nottothevocabularyofanalysis.

So,withtheinventionofthemixedsociety,pragmatismhastriumphedoverabsolutism.Asaconsequence,theworldiscomingtounderstandthatthemixedeconomyofferedtheinstrumentalitiesthroughwhichonecanunitesocialcontrolwithindividualfreedom.Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhowmuchitisexposedbyexperience,thecravingforitstillpersists.Thatcravingwill,nodoubt,alwayspersist,solongasthereishumanhungerforanall-embracing,all-explanatorysystem,solongindeedaspoliticalphilosophyisshapedbythecompulsiontoreturntothewomb.

Theoldestphilosophicalproblem,wehavenoted,istherelationshipbetweentheoneandtheoneandthemany.Surelythebasicconflictofourtimesispreciselytheconflictbetweenthosewhowouldreducetheworldtooneandthosewhoseetheworldasmany—betweenthosewhobelievethattheworldisevolvinginasingledirection,alongasinglepredestinedline,towardasinglepredestinedconclusion,andthosewhothinkthathumanityinthefuture,asinthepast,willcontinuetoevolveindiversedirections,towarddiverseconclusions,accordingtothediversetraditions,values,andpurposesofdiversepeoples.Itisachoice,inshort,betweendogmatismandpragmatism,betweenthetheologicalsocietyandtheexperimentalsociety.

Ideologistsareafraidofthefreeflowofideas,evenofdeviantideaswithintheirownideology.TheyareconvincedtheyhaveamonopolyontheTruth.Thereforetheyalwaysfeelthattheyareonlysavingtheworldwhentheyslaughtertheheretics.（4）

Theirobjectiveremainsthatofmakingtheworldoverintheimageoftheirdogmaticideology.Thegoalisamonolithicworld,organizedondieprincipleofinfallibility—buttheonlycertaintyinanabsolutesystemisthecertaintyofabsoluteabuse.

Thegoaloffreemenisquitedifferent.Freemenknowmanytruths,buttheydoubtwhetheranymortalmanknowstheTruth.Theirreligiousandtheirintellectualheritagejoininleadingthemtosuspectfellowmenwholayclaimtoinfallibility.TheybelievethatthereisnogreaterdelusionthanformantomistakehimselfforGod.（5）

Theyacceptthelimitationsofthehumanintellectandtheinfirmityofthehumanspirit.Thedistinctivehumantriumph,intheirjudgment,liesinthecapacitytounderstandthefrailtyofhumanstrivingbuttostrivenonetheless.

【答案】1.這種傳統(tǒng)將世界看成“多”，而不是“一”。威廉?詹姆斯的作品以及詹姆斯所謂的“激進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義”對(duì)待哲學(xué)問(wèn)題的方法，最好地表達(dá)了這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的本能，即注重事實(shí)而不是推理，注重行為而不是教條。

2.詹姆斯主張被他稱為“未完成的世界”的觀點(diǎn)——一個(gè)以成長(zhǎng)性、多樣性、不確定性、神秘性、偶然性為特征的世界——一個(gè)自由的人們可以找到部分真理、而不是某個(gè)凡人獨(dú)自掌握了絕對(duì)真理的世界；一個(gè)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步不是依賴單一、耗盡所有精力的學(xué)說(shuō)，而是依靠自由思想不受約束的交流的世界。

3.例如，在選擇公有制還是私有制的問(wèn)題上，發(fā)展中國(guó)家在近來(lái)的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)討論中備受困擾，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)很清楚了，這不是宗教原則問(wèn)題。

4.他們的追求仍然是根據(jù)他們意識(shí)形態(tài)的教條概念去改造世界。他們的目標(biāo)是按照確定無(wú)誤的理論，建造一個(gè)龐大而僵化的世界——然而，絕對(duì)的體制必然導(dǎo)致權(quán)力的濫用。

5.他們承認(rèn)人類智力的局限性及心靈的脆弱性。根據(jù)他們的判斷，人類與眾不同的巨大成就在于他們懂得人類的奮斗雖然存在缺憾，但仍然奮斗不息的能力。

6.單選題

WhenI（

）mysenses,Ifoundmyselfwrappedupinbedinmylittleroom,withGrandmabendingoverme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wokeup

B.tookto

C.picked

D.cameto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)wakeup“醒來(lái)”；B選項(xiàng)taketo“開始喜歡，沉溺于”；C選項(xiàng)pickup“撿起，拿起；不經(jīng)意得到；（通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)或經(jīng)歷）獲得（知識(shí)）”；D選項(xiàng)cometo“達(dá)到，復(fù)蘇”。句意：當(dāng)我恢復(fù)知覺的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)的，躺在我的小房間的床上，外婆正俯身看著我。結(jié)合此處題干，判斷出選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.單選題

Whilenuclearweaponspresentgrave____dangers,thepredominantcrisisofoverpopulationiswithustoday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inevitable

B.constant

C.overwhelming

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)inevitable“不可避免的”；B選項(xiàng)constant“恒定的；經(jīng)常的”；C選項(xiàng)overwhelming“勢(shì)不可擋的；壓倒性的”；D選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的”。句意：雖然核武器帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的____的危險(xiǎn)，人口過(guò)剩才是我們現(xiàn)在面臨的主要危機(jī)。根據(jù)后半段強(qiáng)調(diào)人口過(guò)剩是現(xiàn)在的危機(jī)判斷，前半段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是核武器危險(xiǎn)的非現(xiàn)在性，即潛在性，D選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

8.單選題

Somehousesaredesignedtobesmart.Othershavesmartdesigns.AnexampleofthesecondtypeofhousewonanAwardofExcellencefromtheAmericanInstituteofArchitects.

LocatedontheshoreofSullivan’sIslandoffthecoastofSouthCarolina,theaward-winningcube-shapedbeachhousewasbuilttoreplaceonesmashedtopiecesbyHurricaneHugo10yearsago.InSeptember1989,HugostruckSouthCarolina,killing18peopleanddamagingordestroying36,000homesinthestate.

BeforeHugo,manynewhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina’sshorelinewerepoorlyconstructed,andenforcementofbuildingcodeswasn’tstrict,accordingtoarchitectRayHuff,whocreatedthecleverly-designedbeachhouse.InHugo’swake,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedcodes.ThenewbeachhouseonSullivan’sIslandshouldbeabletowithstandaCategory3hurricanewithpeakwindsof179to209kilometersperhour.

Atfirstsight,thehouseonSullivan’sIslandlooksanythingbuthurricane-proof.Itsredwoodshellmakesitresemble“alargepartylantern”atnight,accordingtooneobserver.Butlookscanbedeceiving.Thehouse’swoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.

Tofurtherprotectthehousefromhurricanedamage,Huffraisedit2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilings—long,slendercolumnsofwoodanchoreddeepinthesand.Pilingsmightappearinsecure,buttheyarestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofthehouse.Theyalsoelevatethehouseabovestormsurges.Thepilingsallowthesurgestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit.“Theseswellsofwatercomeashoreattremendousspeedsandcausemostofthedamagedonetobeach-frontbuildings,”saidHuff.

Huffdesignedthetimberpilingstobepartiallyconcealedbythehouse’sground-to-roofshell.“Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn’tlooklikeit’sstandingwithitspantlegspulledup,”saidHuff.“Intheeventofastormsurge,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse,”thearchitectexplained.

31.AfterthetragedycausedbyHurricaneHugo,newhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina’sshorelinearerequired______.

32.Theaward-winningbeachhouseisquitestrongbecause______.

33.Huffraisedthehouse2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilingsinorderto______.

34.Themainfunctionoftheshellis______.

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheshellshouldbe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeeasilyreinforced

B.tolooksmarterindesign

C.tomeetstricterbuildingstandards

D.tobedesignedintheshapeofcubes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisstrengthenedbysteelrods

B.itismadeofredwood

C.itisintheshapeofashell

D.itisbuiltwithtimberandconcrete

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.withstandpeakwindsofabout200km/hr

B.anchorstrongerpilingsdeepinthesand

C.breakhugeseawavesintosmallerones

D.preventwaterfromrushingintothehouse

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tostrengthenthepilingsofthehouse

B.togivethehouseabetterappearance

C.toprotectthewoodenframeofthehouse

D.toslowdownthespeedoftheswellingwater

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.fancy-looking

B.waterproof

C.easilybreakable

D.extremelystrong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“颶風(fēng)‘雨果’造成的悲劇發(fā)生后，南卡羅萊納海岸沿線的新房屋被要求……”。定位第三段第二句InHugo’swake,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedcodes.（“雨果”之后，所有新建的海濱房屋都必須符合更嚴(yán)格、更嚴(yán)格的法規(guī)）可知，C項(xiàng)“符合更嚴(yán)格的建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”正確。A項(xiàng)“容易加固”和B項(xiàng)“在設(shè)計(jì)上更加美觀”沒有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。D項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)成立方體的形狀”是獲獎(jiǎng)的海濱別墅的特點(diǎn)，并不符合題干，該項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

32.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“這座屢獲殊榮的海濱別墅非常堅(jiān)固，因?yàn)椤?。定位第四段Atfirstsight,thehouseonSullivan’sIslandlooksanythingbuthurricane-proof.Itsredwoodshellmakesitresemble“alargepartylantern”atnight,accordingtooneobserver…Thehouse’swoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.（乍一看，沙利文島上的房子一點(diǎn)也不像防颶風(fēng)的。據(jù)一位觀察者說(shuō)，它的紅木外殼讓它在晚上看起來(lái)像一個(gè)“大型派對(duì)燈籠”……房子的木框架用長(zhǎng)鋼條加固，以增加它的強(qiáng)度。）可知，這座獲獎(jiǎng)的海濱別墅非常堅(jiān)固，是因?yàn)榉孔拥哪究蚣苡瞄L(zhǎng)鋼條加固了，故A項(xiàng)“它是用鋼條加固的”正確。B項(xiàng)“它是紅木做的”屬于曲解原文，文中只提到了外殼是紅木做的。C項(xiàng)“它是一個(gè)貝殼的形狀”和D項(xiàng)“它是用木材和混凝土建造的”沒提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“赫夫用木樁把房子抬高了2.7米，以便……”。定位到第五段Tofurtherprotectthehousefromhurricanedamage,Huffraisedit2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilings—long,slendercolumnsofwoodanchoreddeepinthesand…Thepilingsallowthesurgestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit.（為了進(jìn)一步保護(hù)房子免受颶風(fēng)的破壞，赫夫用木樁把它抬高了2.7米，木樁又長(zhǎng)又細(xì)，深嵌在沙子里……這些木樁使海浪從房子下面流過(guò)，而不是沖進(jìn)房子里）可知，赫夫用木樁把房子抬高了2.7米是為了讓海水從房子下面流過(guò)，以免海水沖進(jìn)房子里，D項(xiàng)“防止水沖進(jìn)房子”正確。A項(xiàng)“能承受每小時(shí)200公里的大風(fēng)”并不是抬高木樁的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。B項(xiàng)“將更堅(jiān)固的樁錨入深沙中”不符合文意，屬于曲解原文。C項(xiàng)“將巨大的海浪分解成較小的海浪”沒有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

34.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“外殼的主要作用是……”。定位第四段第三句Butlookscanbedeceiving.（但外表可能具有欺騙性），以及最后一段Huff所說(shuō)的第一句話Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn’tlooklikeit’sstandingwithitspantlegspulledup.（外殼掩蓋了樁，這樣房子就不會(huì)看起來(lái)像褲腿被拉起來(lái)的房子），綜合可知，Huff設(shè)計(jì)了這個(gè)外殼的作用是遮住長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的木樁，這樣這個(gè)房子看起來(lái)就比較美觀，所以B項(xiàng)“給房子一個(gè)更好的外觀”正確。A項(xiàng)“加固房屋的樁”、C項(xiàng)“為了保護(hù)房子的木框架”和D項(xiàng)“減緩水膨脹的速度”沒有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

35.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，外殼應(yīng)該是……”。定位最后一段最后一句Intheeventofastormsurge,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse（在風(fēng)暴潮發(fā)生時(shí)，外殼會(huì)破裂，然后讓海浪從房子下面沖過(guò)去）可知，當(dāng)風(fēng)暴來(lái)臨，海浪拍打外殼，外殼會(huì)破裂然后讓海水從房子下面流過(guò)去，那么可以推斷外殼應(yīng)該是很容易破裂的，C項(xiàng)“很容易被毀壞”正確。A項(xiàng)“外觀奇特的”屬于文章中的細(xì)節(jié)，不需要推斷，所以該項(xiàng)不選。B項(xiàng)“防水的”和D項(xiàng)“非常堅(jiān)固”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Lastyearaboothforsimultaneousinterpretationwasfinallysetup（

）governmentaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaidof

B.byvirtueof

C.inlightof

D.inrespectof

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inaidof“為了幫助”；B選項(xiàng)byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤?；C選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)；鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)inrespectof“關(guān)于，涉及”。governmentaid在句中做狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文可知byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤狈项}意，句意為：去年，在政府的援助下，終于建立了一個(gè)同聲傳譯的展位。故答案選B。

10.單選題

Inminuteshehastakenoverthewhole（）,lyingunderthesinkandsquinting（瞇眼看）upintothemachinery.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conscience

B.restraint

C.trial

D.enterprise

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。conscience道德,良心;restraint抑制,約束;trial試驗(yàn),努力;enterprise企業(yè),進(jìn)取心。句意：幾分鐘后,他就接管了整個(gè)企業(yè),躺在水池下面,瞇著眼睛看著機(jī)器。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Therainwassoheavythatthemanwaswettotheskin;hiswholebodywas（

）andtrembling.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stiff

B.straight

C.steady

D.hard

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雨太大，這個(gè)人身上已經(jīng)濕了；他整個(gè)身子僵硬并且在瑟瑟發(fā)抖。stiff“僵硬的”；straight“直率的；筆直的”；steady“穩(wěn)定的”；hard“堅(jiān)硬的”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Apersonwhoisfoundguiltyofembezzlementmayberequiredto（

）hispropertyaspenalty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.defray

C.forfeit

D.gape

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Concede“承認(rèn)，退讓”；defray“支出，支付”；forfeit“喪失”；gape“裂開，張開”。句意：被發(fā)現(xiàn)犯有貪污罪的人，會(huì)被要求沒收財(cái)產(chǎn)作為處罰。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Itisour（）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.considerate

C.certain

D.decisive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consistent“始終如一的，一致的，堅(jiān)持的”；B選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的”；C選項(xiàng)certain“某一，必然的”；D選項(xiàng)decisive“決定性的，果斷的，堅(jiān)定的”。句意：通過(guò)和平方式實(shí)現(xiàn)團(tuán)結(jié)是我們_____政策。這里表達(dá)的是“一貫的政策”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Thediscussionquicklybecameavery（）argumentaboutincreasingprices.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exploded

B.roaring

C.boiling

D.heated

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。exploded爆炸；roaring咆哮；boiling沸騰；heated激烈的。句意：關(guān)于價(jià)格增長(zhǎng)的討論很快發(fā)展成為一場(chǎng)非常激烈的爭(zhēng)論。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.單選題

Fertilizer,naturalsubstanceormixtureisusedto（）soilsoastopromoteplantgrowth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enact

B.enlarge

C.enclose

D.enrich

【答案】D

【解析】句意:肥料、自然物質(zhì)或混合物被用來(lái)使土地肥沃,以促進(jìn)植物生長(zhǎng)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Enact通過(guò)(法律),扮演,擔(dān)任…角色;enlarge擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)充,擴(kuò)展;enclose圍繞,放入封套;enrich使充實(shí),使肥沃,使富足。故D符合句意。

16.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。waxy“蠟制的，柔軟的”；slippery“狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的”；sticky“粘的，粘性的”；greasy“油膩的，油脂的，諂媚的”。句意：如果你在車底下修車，你通常會(huì)沾滿油脂。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.翻譯題

Asaglobalinstitute,MobileStudies-connectspolicy-makers,practitionersandprofessorsofmobilemediaandcommunicationacrossculturesandcountries.Leveragingitscombinedacademicandindustrialexpertise,MobileStudiesoffersitsuniqueservicestothemobileworld.Interdisciplinaryandcomparativeinapproach,MobileStudies,sharesacademicresearchwiththemobileindustry,industryinsightswith-theacademiccommunity,andtimelyenlightenmentwiththemobilepublic.

Solution-orientedandindustry-based,ourstudiesfocusonidentifyingissuesandlocatingsolutionsbesidestheoreticalconstructionsandpolicyrecommendations.Interdisciplinaryandcomparative,theresultsofourstudiesaresharedthroughMobileCampus,co-organizedMobileWorkshopsandotherchannelstooffercustomizedcoursesandservicesfromdifferentperspectives.

Believeitornot,mostpeopledon'tbreathecorrectlyandthiscancontributetoafeelingoflethargy.Butbyusingthediaphragm-themusclethatinflatesanddeflatesthelungs—youinhaleandexhalemoreefficiently.Consciouslyrelaxyourjaw,throat,shouldersandupperchest.

AmusicshowfromHunanSatelliteTVnamedI'maSingerhasbeengainingpopularitysincetheheatfromVoiceofChinagraduallycooled.Theshowinvitesprofessionalmusicianstocompete.Ratherthanusingthetraditionallyunderdogs-become-famousformat,itisuptothe500audiencememberstodecidethefateofthestarsonstage.

Let'scheckouthowtheadaptionofaclassiclovesongtorock'n'rollintroduceustotheemotionalworldofrockmusic.

【答案】作為一家全球性機(jī)構(gòu)，移動(dòng)研究所將跨文化和國(guó)家的移動(dòng)媒體和傳播的決策者、實(shí)踐者和專家聯(lián)系起來(lái)。憑借其綜合的學(xué)術(shù)和行業(yè)的專業(yè)知識(shí)，移動(dòng)研究所為移動(dòng)世界提供了特殊的服務(wù)。運(yùn)用跨學(xué)科和比較的方法，它與移通信行業(yè)分享學(xué)術(shù)研究，與學(xué)術(shù)界分享行業(yè)見解，并適時(shí)啟發(fā)廣大移動(dòng)公眾。

以解決方法為導(dǎo)向，以產(chǎn)業(yè)為基礎(chǔ)，我們的研究注重發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題和找到解決方案，并提供理論建設(shè)和政策建議。利用跨學(xué)科和比較的方法，通過(guò)移動(dòng)校園、聯(lián)合舉辦的移動(dòng)研討會(huì)和其他渠道，我們的研究成果被分享（通過(guò)移動(dòng)校園、聯(lián)合舉辦的移動(dòng)研討會(huì)和其他渠道共享我們的研究成果），以便從不同的角度提供定制課程和服務(wù)。

不管你信不信，大多數(shù)人呼吸方式都不正確，這會(huì)讓人昏昏欲睡。但是通過(guò)橫膈膜——使肺部充盈和收縮的肌肉——你可以更有效地吸氣和呼氣。有意識(shí)地放松你的下巴、喉嚨、肩膀和上胸部。

隨著中國(guó)好聲音的熱度逐漸退去，湖南衛(wèi)視的一檔名為《我是歌手》的音樂節(jié)目越來(lái)越受歡迎。演出邀請(qǐng)?jiān)S多專業(yè)音樂人士參賽。與使用傳統(tǒng)的“草根到歌手”的模式不同，這檔節(jié)目中由500名觀眾來(lái)決定臺(tái)上明星們的命運(yùn)。讓我們來(lái)看看由一首經(jīng)典情歌改編成的搖滾樂如何將我們帶入充滿激情的搖滾樂世界中。

18.翻譯題

Passage1

Physiciansusuallyrelyonsurgeryordrugstobustbloodclotsinthebrainthatmightotherwisecauseastroke,thethirdmostcommoncauseofdeathintheU.S.,butfewerthan10percentofpatientsusuallyfittherequirementstoundergothoseprocedures.However,soundwavesmightprovideathirdnoninvasivechoice.U.S.researchershavebeguntestingan.Israeliultrasounddevicetoseewhetheritmayproveaccurateenoughtobreakupactorwithoutcausingcollateraldamagein*&ebrain.Thisnewfocusedultrasounddevicelookslikeahelmet,studdedwithover1,000ultrasoundtransducers.Eachtransducercanfocusanindividualbeamintothebrainofthehelmet-wearerandconvergeonaspotjustfourmillimeterswide—enoughaccuracytodissolveabloodclotwithinlessthanaminute.

Passage2

Dumpingallourradioactivenuclearwasteinavolcanodoesseemlikeaneatsolutionfordestroyingtheroughly29,000tonsofspenturaniumfuelrodsstockpiledaroundtheworld.Butthere'sacriticalstandardthatavolcanowouldhavetomeettoproperlydisposeofthestuff,andthatstandardisheat.Thelavawouldhavetonetonlymeltthefuelrodsbutalsostriptheuraniumofitsradioactivity.Unfortunately,volcanoesjustaren'tveryhot.Lavainthehottestvolcanoestopsoutataround2,400'F.But,ittakestemperaturesthataretensofthousandsofdegreeshotterthanthattosplituranium'satomicnucleiandalteritsradioactivitytomakeitinert.Whatyouneedisathermonuclearreaction,likeanatomicbomb—notagreatway——todisposeofnuclearwaste.

Passage3

Inwesterncountries,managementteachersandresearchersseemtobeincreasinglydissatisfiedwiththewaymanagersareusuallyeducated.Inacomplexandopenworld,managersoftenbumpintothelimitsofthede-contextualizedtoolsassociatedwithmainstreammanagementknowledgeandpractice.Managershavetonavigateinaworldthatisnotonlyeconomicbutalsopolitical,cultural,shapedbyhistoryandethicaltraditionsandpreoccupations——notonlyasamarkofsocialcapitalbutreallyasawaytoenhancetheirmanagerialskillsandefficiency.Theroteofmanagementeducationshouldbetopreparethemforthatodyssey.Humanitiescanbeapowerfultoolinthatsense.Managementschoolscouldfindnewinspirationsforcurriculumfromthehumanities.

ChooseONLYONEtextfromthefollowingpassagesandtranslateitintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovided.IfmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】Passage1

醫(yī)生通常依靠手術(shù)或藥物去除大腦中的血凝塊,這些血凝塊可能導(dǎo)致患者中風(fēng)。在美國(guó),這是第三大常見的致死病因。但是少于10%的患者符合接受那些程序的要求。然而,聲波可能提供一個(gè)無(wú)創(chuàng)性的第三選擇。美國(guó)研究人員己經(jīng)開始測(cè)試一個(gè)以色列超聲波設(shè)備,證實(shí)它是否足夠精準(zhǔn)足以在不對(duì)大腦造成間接傷害的前提下粉碎作用物。這個(gè)新的聚焦超聲設(shè)備看起來(lái)就像一個(gè)頭盔,鑲有1000個(gè)超聲波換能器。每個(gè)傳感器可以聚焦于一段聲波進(jìn)入戴著這個(gè)設(shè)備的患者的大腦,聚集在一個(gè)精準(zhǔn)到只有4毫米寬的點(diǎn),然后在一分鐘之內(nèi)溶解血凝塊。

Passage2

把我們所有的放射性核廢料傾倒于一座火山看起來(lái)確實(shí)是一個(gè)很好的解決方案,毀掉了全世界約2900噸的乏鈾燃料棒。但是一座火山要妥善地處理這些材料,就面臨著一個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是熱。熔巖不僅要融化燃料棒,而且要消除鈾的放射性。不幸的是,火山偏偏不是很熱,最熱的火山的熔巖最高溫在2400華氏度。但是,它需要比這更高成千上萬(wàn)倍的溫度來(lái)分裂鈾原子核和改變它的放射性物質(zhì)。你需要的是一個(gè)熱核反應(yīng)堆,就像原子彈（不是一種好方法）,來(lái)處理核廢料。

Passage3

在西方國(guó)家,管理學(xué)老師和研究者似乎越來(lái)越不滿意于經(jīng)理的培養(yǎng)方式。在一個(gè)復(fù)雜和開放的世界,經(jīng)理經(jīng)常會(huì)受到一些跟主流管理知識(shí)和實(shí)踐有關(guān)的脫離語(yǔ)境的相關(guān)工具的限制。經(jīng)理必須在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等方面跟上時(shí)代的步伐,這是在歷史進(jìn)程中形成的廣文推崇的一種倫理傳統(tǒng)不僅是社會(huì)資本的一種標(biāo)志,而且實(shí)際上是一種提高自身的管理技能和效率的方法。這種生硬死板的管理學(xué)的教育方式將會(huì)把他們培養(yǎng)成奧德賽史詩(shī)式的人物。在這個(gè)意義上,人文可以成為一種強(qiáng)大的工具。管理學(xué)?？梢詮娜宋恼n程中找到新的靈感。

19.單選題

ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone,becauseIknewitmeantanother（）decisiontobemade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.plentiful

C.decent

D.massive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。critical"決定性的,關(guān)鍵性的";plentiful"豐富的,大量的";decent"得體的,令人滿意的";massive"可觀的,巨大的"。句意：在最初的幾個(gè)月里,我害怕聽到電話鈴響,因?yàn)槲抑肋@意味著我要做出一個(gè)重要的決定。plentiful和massive都表示數(shù)量的巨大,而critical表示程度的重要。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

20.問(wèn)答題

Thetextanddialoguebelow(A)focuson(B)culturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternsocietieswhich(C)cancreatemisunderstandingifignoring(D).

【答案】試題答案：D;ignored

【解析】考查分詞用法。ignore與其邏輯主語(yǔ)culturaldifference之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形成。

21.單選題

Tohelpstudentsunderstandhowwesee,teachersoftendrawan（）betweenaneyeandacamera.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.image

B.analogy

C.imitation

D.axis

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)image“影像，想象，肖像”；B選項(xiàng)analogy“類比，類推，類似”；C選項(xiàng)imitation“模仿，仿造，仿制品”；D選項(xiàng)axis“軸，軸線，軸心國(guó)”。句意：為了幫助學(xué)生理解我們是如何看東西的，老師經(jīng)常把眼睛和照相機(jī)作_____。這里表達(dá)的是“作類比”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.單選題

（）,Icouldn'tunderstandwhatismeantbythat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AsItryhard

B.HardasImighttry

C.Imighttryhard

D.Itriedhard

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題?？疾榈寡b。句意：盡管我很努力，我還是不明白那是什么意思。這里是as（盡管）引導(dǎo)的倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)：adj./adv.+as+主語(yǔ)+其他成份，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonWillaThriftyLifestyleDoHarmtoNationalEconomy?.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Somepeopleholdtheviewthatdiligenceandfrugalityaretwovirtueslongcherishedbyournation;

2.Otherpeoplebelievethatmoresavingandlessspendingwilldoharmtooureconomy;

3.Youropinions.

【答案】WillaThriftyLifestyleDoHarmtoNationalEconomy?

Recently,therehasbeenaheateddiscussioninamainstreammagazineastowhetherathriftylifestylewilldoharmtonationaleconomy.Asthisisathought-provokingaswellasadebatableissue,itisveryhardforpeopletoreachaconsensusonit.

AccordingtoarecentquestionnaireconductedbyaneconomicorganizationinChina,48percentofrespondentsareoftheopinionthatathriftylifestyledoesharmtonationaleconomy.Intheireyes,athriftylifestylecannotstimulatethedevelopmentofnationaleconomy.Forexample,duringthelongvacationsinMayandinOctober,ifallofusstayedathomewatchingTV,playingcardsorsurfingtheInternetinsteadoftravelingalloverthecountry,ourcountry’saimofexpandingdomesticdemandwouldbeunabletobeattained.Ifso,ourspirituallifewouldbeboring.Ifso,ournationaleconomycouldnotdevelopatafastpace.

Onthecontrary,52percentofrespondentsarguethatathriftylifestylewillnotdoharmtonationaleconomy.Forexample,ifwerecyclewastethingssuchaswastepaper,wasterubber,wasteplastic,wastewateretc.,wecannotonlysavealotofenergybutalsoprotectourmilieu,whichisundoubtedlyconducivetothesustainabledevelopmentofournationaleconomy.

Inmyopinion,thriftshouldalwaysberegardedasatraditionalvirtueofournation.Intheshortrun,athriftylifestyleseemstobeabarriertothedevelopmentofournationaleconomy.Inthelongrun,beingthriftyistotheadvantageofnationaleconomy.

24.單選題

Shewasso（）theplaythatshecriedinthefinalact.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.involvedin

B.takenin

C.givenin

D.goneinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。involvein“參與，涉及”；takein“欺騙；接受；吸收”；givein“屈服，讓步”；gointo“進(jìn)入；研究；參與”。句意：她將自己完全投入到那個(gè)話劇中，以致于在最后一幕哭了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

25.單選題

Beforeabout1960,virtuallyallaccountsofevolutionassumedmostadaptationtobeaproductofselectionatthelevelofpopulations;recentstudiesofevolution,however,havefoundnobasisforthis（

）viewofselection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.controversial

B.pervasive

C.unchallenged

D.renowned

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的”；B選項(xiàng)pervasive“普遍的；到處滲透的”；C選項(xiàng)unchallenged“不成問(wèn)題的；未引起爭(zhēng)論的”；D選項(xiàng)renowned“著名的；有聲望的”。句意：大約在1960年以前，幾乎所有的進(jìn)化理論都認(rèn)為適應(yīng)性是種群水平上的選擇的結(jié)果；然而，對(duì)于這種······的選擇觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)化論的最新研究卻沒有找到任何依據(jù)。前部分提到“幾乎所有進(jìn)化理論都認(rèn)為······”，可知這種觀點(diǎn)是“普遍的”，B選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

HewroteanarticlecriticizingtheGreekpoetandwon（）andascholarship.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faith

B.status

C.fame

D.courage

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)faith“信念”；B選項(xiàng)status“地位”；C選項(xiàng)fame“名聲”；D選項(xiàng)courage“勇氣”。句意：他寫了一篇批評(píng)希臘詩(shī)人的文章，從而贏得了名聲和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。本句表示獲得了名氣，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

TheUnitedNations（）muchtoworldpeaceandorder.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasattributed

B.haveattributed

C.hascontributed

D.havecontributed

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。attribute…to“把……歸因”，contribute…to“對(duì)……作貢獻(xiàn)”。

表示國(guó)家、地名等專用名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)為世界和平與秩序做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

28.翻譯題

本把小鳥拿到廚房，輕輕地放在地板上，它沒有動(dòng)。本摘下蒙了水汽的眼鏡，把臉擦干。小鳥看著他，本輕輕地?fù)犴標(biāo)挠鹈?/p>

他仔細(xì)地查看受了傷的翅膀?？磥?lái)沒有希望了，翅膀幾乎被打掉，子彈打碎了骨頭。本知道小鳥正在死去，但是他無(wú)能為力。他在想小鳥是不是很疼，一只小鳥能夠活多久？他想，那個(gè)捕殺者是對(duì)的，小鳥就快死了，活不了了。

【答案】Bentookthebirdtothekitchenandlaiditgentlyonthefloor.Itdidn’tmove.Bentookoffhisdampglassesanddriedhisface.Thebirdlookedathim,andBengentlysmootheditsfeathers.

Heexaminedtheinjuredwingcarefully.Thereseemedtobenohope.Thewingwasalmo