考研考博-英語-九江職業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-九江職業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Colourblindnessisinabilitytodistinguishoneormoreofthethreecoloursred,green,andblue.(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates,including,amongothers,manandtheotherprimates,fish,amphibians,somereptiles,andsomebirds;andinbeesandbutterflies.)Intheretina,thelight-sensitivelayeroftissuethatlinesthebackandsidesoftheeyeball,thereare,inhumanbeings,threetypesofcones,thevisualcellsthatfunctionintheperceptionofcolour.Onetypeabsorbslightbestinwavelengthsofblue-violetandanotherinthewavelengthsofgreen.Thethirdtypeismostsensitivetowavelengthsofyellowbutisalsosensitivetored.

Colour-blindpersonsmaybeblindtoone,two,orallofthecoloursred.green,andblue.(Blindnesstorediscalledprotanopia;togreen,deuteranopia;andtoblue,tritanopia.)Red-blindpersonsareordinarilyunabletodistinguishbetweenredandgreen,whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow.Green-blindpersonsareunabletoseethegreenpartofthespectrum.

Colourblindness,whichaffectsabout20timesasmanymalesasfemales,isasex-linkedrecessivecharacteristic.Awomanmustinheritthetraitfrombothparentstobecolour-blind.Acolour-blindmanandawomanofnormalcolourvisionhavedaughterswhohavenormalcolourvision.Butarecarriersofthetrait—thatis,thedaughtersmayhavecolour-blindsonsanddaughterswhoarecarriers.Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring.Thesonofanormalmanandacarrierwomanmaybecolour-blind,andthedaughterofsuchaunionmaybeacarrier.Thus,colourblindnesstendstoskipgenerations.

1.（）personisunabletodistinguishblueandyellow.

2.Theunderlinedword“skip”inthelastsentenceofthispassagemostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtothispassage,（）.

4.Itcanbeknowfromthispassagethat（）hasnormalvisionandisunabletopassthecolour-blind

traitontooffspring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acolour-blind

B.Adeuteranopic

C.Aprotanopic

D.Atritanopic

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.omit

B.clip

C.slip

D.emit

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.inabilitytodistinguishonlyonecolourisusuallynotregardedascolourblindness

B.onlyafewvertebrateshavetheabilitytoseecolours

C.onlyhumanshavetheremarkableabilitytoseecolours

D.allvertebratescannotseecolours

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedaughterofacolour-blindmanandacolour-blindwoman

B.thedaughterofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman

C.thesonofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman

D.thesonofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvision

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“什么色盲的人分不清藍(lán)色和黃色？”文章第二段提到“藍(lán)盲的人不能區(qū)分藍(lán)色和黃色”(whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow)，前面提到toblue,tritanopia，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.詞義題。題目問的是“劃線單詞skip的意思”。文章第三段提到男性色盲的發(fā)病率是女性色盲的20倍，并且提到色盲有隔代遺傳的特點(diǎn)，因此skipgeneration就是“隔代”的意思，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“通過文章可知……”。文章第一段提到只有少數(shù)幾種脊椎動(dòng)物具有看顏色的能力(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates)，由此可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“通過文章可知，下列哪種情況不會(huì)遺傳給下一代？”文章第三句提到色盲男性和視力正常的女性的兒子視力正常，且不能將色盲形狀遺傳給后代（Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

III.ConstitutionalLawandAdministrativeLaw

TwocenturiesafterMarburyv.Madison,thereremainsadeepconfusionaboutquitewhatacourtisreviewingwhenitengagesinjudicialreview.Conventionalwisdomhasitthatjudicialreviewisthereviewofcertainlegalobjects:statutes,regulations.Butstrictlyspeaking,thisisnotquiteright.TheConstitutionprohibitsnotobjectsbutactions.Judicialreviewisthereviewofsuchactions.Andactionsrequireactors:verbsrequiresubjects.Sobeforejudicialreviewfocusesonverbs,letaloneobjects,itshouldbeginatthebeginning,withsubjects.Everyconstitutionalinquiryshouldbeginwithabasicquestionthathasbeenalmostuniversallyoverlooked.Thefundamentalquestion,fromwhichallelsefollows,isthewhoquestion:whohasviolatedtheConstitution?

Asjudicialreviewispracticedtoday,courtsskipoverthisbedrockquestiontogettothemorefamiliarquestion:howwastheConstitutionviolated?Butitmakesnosensetoaskhow,untilthereisananswertowho.Indeed,incountlessmuddledlinesofdoctrine,puzzlementaboutthepredicatesofconstitutionalviolationfollowsdirectlyfrommorefundamentalconfusionaboutthesubjects.

Thisfundamentalconfusion,likemostconfusioninlaw,stemsfrominsufficientattentiontotext.Individualwordsareimportant,ofcourse,butequallyimportantistextualstructure.Thewordsformclausesandtakeongrammaticalfunctionswithinthoseclauses.Withintheirclauses,thesewordsbecomesubjects,verbs,objects.Thegrammaticalrelationshipamongthesewordsmaybejustasrevealingasthewordsthemselves.Grammaticalimprecisioncancause—andhascaused—deepanalyticalanddoctrinalconfusion.Butcarefulattentiontoconstitutionalgrammarcanreveal—andwillreveal—nothinglessthantheconstitutionalstructureofjudicialreview.

Confusionaboutthewho(and,relatedly,thewhen)ofconstitutionalviolationhasbeentherootcauseofmanyofthedeepestpuzzlesoffederaljurisdiction—puzzlesofripeness,ofstanding,ofseverability,of“facial”and“as-applied”challenges.Simplybyfocusingattentiononthiscrucialconstitutionalfeature,thesubjectsoftheConstitution,thesepuzzlesmaybesolvedonceandforall.

Andastheyaresolved,itbecomesclearthatthisapproachconstitutesanewmodelofjudicialreview.AccordingtoHarvardLawProfessorRichardFallon,federalcourtsscholarshavebeendoingmuchthesamethingsincetheoriginalpublicationofTheFederalCourtsandtheFederalSystemin1953—“askingmuchthesamequestionsformulatedbyHenryHartandHerbertWechsler…andtryingtoanswerthemwithroughlythesametechniques.”

59.Whydoestheauthorthinkthereremainsadeepconfusionaboutwhatacourtisreviewingwhenitengagesinjudicialreview?

60.Theunderlinedphrase“asrevealingas”inthe3ndparagraphmeans___.

61.Theauthorthinksthattheconfusionaboutthewhoofconstitutionalviolationhasbeentherootcauseofthefollowingpuzzlesexcept___.

62.Readingtheparagraphs,onecantellthattheauthor___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Judicialreviewisthereviewofcertainlegalobjects.

B.Judicialreviewisthereviewofactions.

C.Verbsrequiresubjects.

D.Thejudicialreviewfocusesobjects,whereitshouldbeginwithsubjects.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.equallyimportant

B.informingsamebackground

C.asinformativeas

D.grammaticalrelationshipamongthewords

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewordsofastatute

B.whetherthefactsofacasehavedevelopedsufficientlytopermitausefuldecisiontobemade

C.aparty’srighttomakealegalclaim

D.whethertoinvalidatethewholecontractoronlytheoffendingwords

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thinksthatMarburyv.MadisonwasthefirstcaseofjudicialreviewintheUS

B.disagreeswiththecourts’previouspracticeofjudicialreview

C.thinksthatequallytextualstructureisequallyimportantaswordsinjudicialreview

D.thinksthatthepuzzlesoffederaljurisdictionmaybesolvedonceandforall

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】59.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段Conventionalwisdomhasitthatjudicialreviewisthereviewofcertainlegalobjects:statutes,regulations.Butstrictlyspeaking,thisisnotquiteright.（傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，司法審查是對某些法律對象的審查：法規(guī)，規(guī)章。但嚴(yán)格來說，這并不完全正確。）可知A選項(xiàng)“司法審查是對某些法律客體的審查”并不是作者認(rèn)為法院在進(jìn)行司法審查時(shí)，對審查的內(nèi)容仍然存在深深的困惑的原因；第一段Judicialreviewisthereviewofsuchactions.Andactionsrequireactors:verbsrequiresubjects.Sobeforejudicialreviewfocusesonverbs,letaloneobjects,itshouldbeginatthebeginning,withsubjects.（司法審查就是對這種行為的審查。行動(dòng)需要參與者：行動(dòng)需要主語。所以在司法審查把重點(diǎn)放在行動(dòng)上，更不用說客體，應(yīng)該從主體開始）可知D選項(xiàng)“司法審查以客體為中心，應(yīng)以主體為起點(diǎn)”和原文不符，作者認(rèn)為是以“行為”為中心，排除，以及C選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)作需要主語”并不是在進(jìn)行司法審查時(shí)，對審查的內(nèi)容仍然存在深深的困惑的原因，排除；同時(shí)可知B選項(xiàng)“司法審查是對行為的審查”符合題意，作者認(rèn)為目前存在的困惑是司法審查應(yīng)該先審查行為，而不是審查某些法律課題，但是傳統(tǒng)司法審查所做的內(nèi)容與之相悖，所以產(chǎn)生了困惑。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

60.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測題。根據(jù)題干定位到劃線句子處Thegrammaticalrelationshipamongthesewordsmaybejustasrevealingasthewordsthemselves.（這些詞之間的語法關(guān)系可能就像這些詞本身一樣具有啟示意義。）可知本句中asrevealingas表示“啟示意義”，選C選項(xiàng)“提供有用信息”；A選項(xiàng)“同樣重要”，B選項(xiàng)“告知相同的背景”以及D選項(xiàng)“語法關(guān)系”不符合原文的語境，排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

61.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干問：筆者認(rèn)為，除了___之外，對違憲主體的困惑是造成以下困惑的根本原因。結(jié)合原文第二段最后一句Indeed,incountlessmuddledlinesofdoctrine,puzzlementaboutthepredicatesofconstitutionalviolationfollowsdirectlyfrommorefundamentalconfusionaboutthesubjects.（事實(shí)上，在無數(shù)雜亂無章的學(xué)說中，對違憲謂詞的困惑直接源于對主體更基本的困惑）第三段第一句Thisfundamentalconfusion,likemostconfusioninlaw,stemsfrominsufficientattentiontotext.Individualwordsareimportant,ofcourse,butequallyimportantistextualstructure.（這種基本的混亂，就像法律中的大多數(shù)混亂一樣，源于對文本的關(guān)注不夠）可知是對于文本關(guān)注不夠，導(dǎo)致了對主體更基本的困惑。因此對于文字的困惑并不是對違憲主體的困惑所造成的，而是文字的困惑造成了對違憲主體的困惑，則A選項(xiàng)“法令的文字”并不是對違憲主體的困惑所造成的；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)案件的事實(shí)是否已經(jīng)發(fā)展到足以做出有用的決定”，C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)事人提出法律要求的權(quán)利”以及D選項(xiàng)“是使整個(gè)合同無效還是僅僅使冒犯的文字無效”在原文中并未涉及，排除。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段Individualwordsareimportant,ofcourse,butequallyimportantistextualstructure.（當(dāng)然，單個(gè)單詞很重要，但同樣重要的是文本結(jié)構(gòu)）可知作者認(rèn)為同等的文本結(jié)構(gòu)與詞語同等重要，選C選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為在司法審查中，同等的文本結(jié)構(gòu)與詞語同等重要”；第一段第一句TwocenturiesafterMarburyv.Madison,thereremainsadeepconfusionaboutquitewhatacourtisreviewingwhenitengagesinjudicialreview.（Marburyv.Madison案已經(jīng)過去兩個(gè)世紀(jì)了，人們對法院在進(jìn)行司法審查時(shí)究竟在審查什么仍有很深的困惑。）無法推斷出A選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為馬布里訴麥迪遜案是美國第一個(gè)司法審查的案件”，排除；第一段Conventionalwisdomhasitthatjudicialreviewisthereviewofcertainlegalobjects:statutes,regulations.Butstrictlyspeaking,thisisnotquiteright.（傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，司法審查是對某些法律對象的審查：法規(guī)，規(guī)章。但嚴(yán)格來說，這并不完全正確。）可知作者是認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)并不正確，而不是不同意法院以前司法審查的做法，B選項(xiàng)“不同意法院以前司法審查的做法”排除；倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Simplybyfocusingattentiononthiscrucialconstitutionalfeature,thesubjectsoftheConstitution,thesepuzzlesmaybesolvedonceandforall.（只要關(guān)注這一重要的憲法特征，即憲法的主體，這些困惑就可以一勞永逸地得到解決）可知作者認(rèn)為只要關(guān)注憲法的主體，聯(lián)邦聯(lián)邦管轄權(quán)的困惑就可以一勞永逸地得到解決，不能簡單地說D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為聯(lián)邦管轄權(quán)的難題可以一勞永逸地解決”，太過片面，排除。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Neitherofthemthoughthighlyofhimandtheybothtriedto（）himinhiswork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hamper

B.support

C.assist

D.encourage

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項(xiàng)support“支持，維持”；C選項(xiàng)assist“幫助，參加”；D選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)”。句意：他們倆都看不起他，并且都試圖妨礙他工作。只有選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

4.單選題

Ihatepeoplewho（）theendofafilmthatyouhaven'tseenbefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.rewrite

C.revise

D.reverse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，顯露”；rewrite“重寫，改寫”；revise“修訂，復(fù)習(xí)”；reverse“顛倒，撤銷，反轉(zhuǎn)”。句意：我討厭別人泄露我還沒看過的電影的結(jié)局。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

AsaCongressmanfromOhio,aRepublican,and（）theantiwarmovement,theyoungpoliticianbecamewellblownduringthe1960s.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aleaderof

B.tolead

C.leading

D.liewasleading

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。分析題干可知，空格應(yīng)該跟前面的aCongressman和aRepublican是并列的，因此A項(xiàng)正確。句意：作為俄亥俄州的國會(huì)議員、共和黨人和反戰(zhàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)袖，這位年輕的政治家在20世紀(jì)60年代大受歡迎。

6.單選題

Aconservativemanalways（）hostilitytothechangesthattakeplaceinthecontemporaryworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cherish

B.embrace

C.embody

D.harbour

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:cherish“珍愛”；B:embrace“包括；擁抱”；C:embody“表現(xiàn)，象征”；D:harbour“隱匿；懷著；包含，藏有”。句意：一個(gè)保守的人總是對當(dāng)今世界發(fā)生的變化懷有敵意。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D為正確答案。

7.翻譯題

WhyistheNativeLanguageLearntSoWell?Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecomparethemwithadultslearningaforeignlanguage,weoftenfindthisinterestingfactalittlechildwithoutknowledgeorexperienceoftensucceedsinacompletemasteryofthelanguage.Agrown-uppersonwithfullydevelopedmentalpowers,inmostcases,mayendupwithafaultyandinexactcommand.Whataccountsforthisdifference?

Despiteotherexplanations,therealanswerinmyopinionliespartlyinthechildhimself,partlyinthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundhim.Inthefirstplace,thetimeoflearningthemothertongueisthemostfavorableofall,namely,thefirstyearsoflife.Achildhearsitspokenfrommorningtillnightand,whatismoreimportant,alwaysinitsgenuineform,withtherightpronunciation,rightintonation,rightuseofwordsandrightstructure.Hedrinksinallthewordsandexpressionswhichcometohiminafresh,ever-bubblingspring.Thereisnoresistance:thereisperfectassimilation.

Thenthechildhas,asitwere,privatelessonsalltheyearround,whileanadultlanguage-studenthaseachweekalimitednumberofhourswhichhegenerallyshareswithothers.Thechildhasanotheradvantage:hehearsthelanguageinallpossiblesituations,alwaysaccompaniedbytherightkindofgesturesandfacialexpressions.Herethereisnothingunnatural,suchasisoftenfoundinlanguagelessonsinschools,whenonetalksabouticeandsnowinJuneorscorchingheatinJanuary.Andwhatachildhearsisgenerallywhatimmediatelyinterestshim.Againandagain,whenhisattemptsatspeecharesuccessful,hisdesiresareunderstoodandfulfilled.

Finally,thoughachild’s“teachers”maynothavebeentrainedinlanguageteaching,theirrelationswithhimarealwayscloseandpersonal.Theytakegreatpainstomaketheirlessonseasy.

NewEffortstoLeanaboutMarsTwoweeksago,theUnitedStateslaunchedaspaceshipnamedMarsGlobalSurveyor.ItisexpectedtoarriveatMarsnextSeptemberaftertravelingabout7hundredmillionkilometers.Itwillorbittheplanet.ItsmaintaskistomakethemostdetailedmapofMars.OnDecember2nd,theUnitedStatesistolaunchanotherspacecraftMarsPathfinder.Althoughthetwospacecraftsarenotdesignedtosearchforlife,theywillseekoutconditionsthatcouldsupportlife.

MarsisthefourthplanetfromtheSunthenextbeyondEarth.Ithasbeenabrightobjectofmysteryinthenightskysinceancienttimes.ItisnamedfortheRomanGodofWar.Becauseofthecolorofitssoilandrocks,Marsisalsocalledtheredplanet.Iflife,pastorpresent,istobefoundanywhereelseinthesolarsystem,scientistssay,Marsisprobablythespace.TheythinkMarsandEarthweresimilarasyoungplanets.TheybelievethatyoungMarswasmuchwarmerandwetterthanitisnow;andhadmuchthickeratmosphere.Today,Mars’atmosphereislessthan1%asthickasEarth’s.ItismostlycarbondioxidewhileEarth’satmosphereismainlynitrogen.MarsisabouthalfthesizeofEarth.Itisalmost7,000kilometersacross.Ithashugevolcanoesandcanyon4,000kilometersacross,thebiggestknowninthesolarsystem.Marsisalsoknownforgreatduststormswhichsometimescovertheplanet.TheaveragetemperatureonMarsis53degreesbelowzeroCelsius.Mars’warmatmosphereis27abovezero.

InsomeplacestheMartiansurfacelookslikeadesertonEarth.Inothers,itlookslikethesurfaceofourmoon.BystudyingMars,scientistssaywecanhopetolearnmoreaboutthehistoryandperhapsthefutureofourownplanet.SurfaceonMarsthatarealmost4,000millionyearsoldshowremainsofancientlakes.Thesesuggestthatthatliquidwateronceflowed.Marswaterishiddenunderitssurfacenow.Instrumentsonthespacecraftwillsearchforit.

ExtinctionStalksWorld’sTigersUnlessgovernmentstakesignificantmeasurestoprotecttigers,theymaygoextinctby2010,theWorldWildlifeFundsaidThursday.

Theconservationgroupsaidtigernumbershavedecreased95percentinthepastcenturyandonly5,000—7,200tigersstillsurviveinthewild—comparedwithnearly10timesthatmanyatthestartofthecentury.

WWF,publishedanupdateFeb.11,2019oftheirstudy—WantedAlive:TigersintheWild,markingtheendoftheChineseYearoftheTiger.

Thereportstatesthatdespitesustainedeffortsoverthepastyear,muchremainstobedonetopreventthetigerfrombecomingextinctearlynextcentury.Ifgovernmentsdonotcrackdownonpoachingandeliminatethedemandfortigerproducts,thetigerwillbestalkedtoextinction,saysWWF.

“WecannotletupforonemomentifwearetoensurethattigerswillstillexistinthewildbythenextChineseYearoftheTigerin2010,”saidElizabethKemf,speciesconservationinformationmanageratWWFInternationalandoneoftheauthorsofthereport.

Thegroupcitesillegalhuntingforthemedicinaltrade,lossofpreyspeciesweaklawenforcement,poaching,habitatlossandashrinkinggenepoolastheothermajorthreatsfacingtheworld’stigerpopulation.

TheWWFsaidonemajorsuccessduring1998wasthepassageoflegislationbytheU.S.Congressbanningtheimportandsaleofanyproductclaimingtocontainingredientsmadeofrhinoceros—anotherendangeredspecies—ortigerparts.

Inaddition,WWFestablishedaTigerEmergencyFund,supportedtheTigerConservationPrograminIndia,andworkedintheRussianFarEast.

Threeoftheeightsubspeciesoftiger—theBali,CaspianandJavantigersareextinct.TheSouthChinatigerfacesthesamefactsasonly20or30areknowntoremaininthewild,downfromanestimated4,000inthe1950s.

【答案】【參考譯文】

為什么母語學(xué)得這么好？8.單選題

Forsomewomen,homemakingis______tohavingacareer,forothers,raisingafamilyandtakingcareoftheirhomesisthemostgratifyingoflife’scallings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slavish

B.fawning

C.subservient

D.subordinate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)slavish表示“奴隸的，奴性的，卑屈的”，B項(xiàng)fawning表示“奉承的，恭維的，討好的”，指通過諂媚和奉承來獲得注意和贊賞，C項(xiàng)subservient表示“屈從的，奉承的，恭順的”，指某人非常愿意服從別人，D項(xiàng)subordinate表示“從屬的，隸屬的，次要的”。句意：對于一些女性來說，家政是比事業(yè)更重要的事情，而對于另一些女性來說，養(yǎng)家和照顧家庭是生活中最令人滿足的召喚。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Neitherisitalmostseen,thatverybeautifulpersonsareotherwiseofgreatvirtue,asifnaturewereratherbusynotto（

）thaninlabortoproduceexcellency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.err

B.omit

C.escalate

D.slip

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)err“犯錯(cuò)；走上歧途”；B選項(xiàng)omit“省略；遺漏；疏忽”；C選項(xiàng)escalate“逐步增強(qiáng)；變得嚴(yán)重”；D選項(xiàng)slip“滑動(dòng)；滑倒”。句意：人不盡知：絕色無大德也；一如自然勞碌終日，但求無過，而無力制成上品。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

（

）Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aslongas

B.As

C.While

D.Even

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞。A選項(xiàng)Aslongas“只要”；B選項(xiàng)As“只要，隨著”；C選項(xiàng)While“盡管”；D選項(xiàng)Even“甚至，即使”。（）我同情，我對他們脫困幫助不了太多。這里兩個(gè)句子是轉(zhuǎn)折讓步的關(guān)系，所以答案A排除，as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語的時(shí)候要用部分倒裝，所以答案B排除；D選項(xiàng)是副詞不能連接兩個(gè)句子，所以答案D排除；所以答案選C選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Livinginthewesternpartofthecountryhasitsproblems,______obtainingfreshwaterisnottheleast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofwhich

B.which

C.withwhich

D.forwhich

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。句意：生活在這個(gè)國家的西部有很多問題，其中獲取淡水還不是小問題。橫線到句尾是修飾problems的非限制性定語從句，語序還原為obtainingfreshwaterisnottheleastofproblems，A選項(xiàng)ofwhich符合題意。B選項(xiàng)which缺介詞；C選項(xiàng)withwhich和D選項(xiàng)forwhich介詞錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Ican'tpossiblymarkyourhomework;yourhandwritingis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illogical

B.illiterate

C.illusive

D.illegible

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。illogical不合邏輯的；illiterate不識字的，文盲的；illusive錯(cuò)覺的，虛假的；illegible難辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的。句意：我無法給你的作業(yè)打分，因?yàn)槟愕墓P跡難以辨認(rèn)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

13.單選題

Diamondshavelittle（

）valueandtheirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subtle

B.eternal

C.inherent

D.intrinsic

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。subtle“微妙的”；eternal“永恒的”；inherent“固有的”；intrinsic“本質(zhì)的，固有的”。句意：鉆石的內(nèi)在的價(jià)值很少，它的價(jià)格幾乎完全取決于它的稀少。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Oneeffectofthe（

）economyof2009onstateandlocalgovernmentsisadecreaseinincome,sales,andpropertytaxrevenues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.sluggish

C.substantial

D.pervasive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prosperous意為“繁榮的，興旺的”；sluggish意為“緩慢的，遲緩的”；substantial意為“大量的，重大的”；pervasive意為“遍布的，普遍的”。

句意：2009年經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢對國家和地方政府的影響是收入、銷售和財(cái)產(chǎn)稅收入的減少。

15.單選題

15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thesmallpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesleep.

B.Theyellowpillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforesupper.

C.Thewhitepillsshouldbetakenonceadaybeforebreakfast.

D.Thelargeroundpillsshouldbetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.

【答案】D

【解析】M:Ijustwant

tocheckifyouunderstandwhichpillstotakeandwhen?

W:Theyellowoneinthemorningandtheothers,oh,Ithinkno,maybe,ah,bestifIwriteitdown!ThenIwon’tforget!

M:Hereissomepaper!Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping.

Q:Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說：Theyellowoneonceadaybeforebreakfast,thelargeroundonethreetimesadayaftermeals,thesmalloneswhenyouneedoneforsleeping。故選D。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

DuringthepastfourdecadesthefisheryscientistsoftheWesthavestudiedthedynamicsoffishpopulationswiththeobjectiveofdeterminingtherelationbetweentheamountoffishingandthesustainablecatch.

Clearly,sciencemayinvolvenotonlycarefulobservationbutalsoawillingnesstobecreative;thismayentaillookingbeyondexistingparadigmsgoverningresearchinagivenareaofstudy.

Practitionersexplicitlyinterpretwhattheyobserve,andoftencategorizetheirdataafterthedatacollectionprocessiscompleteandfromtheperspectivesofthepeopletheyobserving.

Thesubjectofsocialscienceinquiryispatternedsocialregularities.Asearchfortheseregularitiesshowsthatmosthumanbehavior,frombigandmomentousactstosmallandinsignificantones,ispatterned.

WallStreetislivingonborrowedtime.SincetheOctober1987crashsecuritiestradinghasbeendepressed,retailinvestorshavehurriedoutofstocksandtheissueofnewsharestockshasbeendecreasedsharply.

Infact,thecollationoftheselistshasbeenenoughtopulldownourvanity;forthemoreonelooksatwhatisavailableinanunfamiliarfield,themoreurgent,thedesireonefeelstoabandontheaffectationsoftheeditorandassumethemodestythestudent.

Ofalltheareasoflearning,themostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.

Cultureisthesumtotalofallthetraditions,customsbeliefs,andwaysoflifeofagivengroupofhumanbeings.Inthissense,everygrouphasaculture,howeversavage,undeveloped,oruncivilizeditmayseemtous.

Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon'teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.

Whilepopulationswerelowandstablelittlepermanentdamagewasdone,butwithasteadyincreaseinthesizeandnumberofhumancommunitiestheforestandsoilhavelittletimetorecover.

【答案】在過去的四十年里，西方漁業(yè)科學(xué)家研究了魚類種群的動(dòng)態(tài)，目的是確定漁獲量與魚類數(shù)量之間的關(guān)系。

顯然，科學(xué)不僅包括仔細(xì)觀察，而且還要樂于創(chuàng)新；這可能需要超越現(xiàn)有的在某一特定領(lǐng)域管理研究的模式。

從業(yè)者明確解釋他們所觀察到的內(nèi)容，并且通常在數(shù)據(jù)收集過程完成后，從他們觀察到的人的角度對他們的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類。

社會(huì)科學(xué)探究的對象是模式化的社會(huì)常規(guī)。對這些常規(guī)的調(diào)查顯示了大多數(shù)人類的行為都是模式化的，從重大的行為到微小的行為。

華爾街以借來的時(shí)間為生。自從1987年10月的證券市場崩潰以來，散戶投資者紛紛撤出股票，新股發(fā)行大幅減少。

事實(shí)上，對這些清單的整理已經(jīng)足夠消除我們的虛榮心了。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人越多地看一個(gè)陌生領(lǐng)域中的東西，他就越迫切地想要放棄的編輯的裝模作樣，并承擔(dān)起學(xué)生的謙遜。

在所有學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域中，最重要的是培養(yǎng)態(tài)度。情感反應(yīng)和邏輯思維過程影響著大多數(shù)人的行為。

文化是一個(gè)特定群體的所有傳統(tǒng)、習(xí)俗、信仰和生活方式的總和。從這個(gè)意義上說，每一個(gè)群體都有一種文化，無論在我們看來它是野蠻的、不發(fā)達(dá)的還是不文明的。

如果我們接受我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)完全了解另一個(gè)人的想法，它使我們能夠更容易地處理如秘密和欺騙那些阻礙我們獲得準(zhǔn)確信息的事物。

雖然過去人口少且穩(wěn)定，可造成的永久性損害很少，但隨著人類社區(qū)規(guī)模和數(shù)量的穩(wěn)步增加森林和土壤幾乎沒有時(shí)間恢復(fù)。

17.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒有改革開放，就沒有今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

祖國的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會(huì)前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

18.單選題

Theystoodatthetopofthemountainandviewedthebeautiful（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lapse

B.landscape

C.layout

D.locality

【答案】B

【解析】lapse小錯(cuò),過失；landscape風(fēng)景；layout布局,設(shè)計(jì)；locality地點(diǎn),位置。句意：他們站在山頂欣賞美麗的風(fēng)景。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

Thepresidentpaid_______tothefiremenwhohadfoughttheblaze,sayingtheirbraveryhadsavedcountlesslives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attention

B.heed

C.grief

D.tribute

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“attention”，意為注意力，關(guān)心；B選項(xiàng)“heed”，意為“注意，聽從”；C選項(xiàng)“grief”，意為“悲痛，憂傷”；D選項(xiàng)“tribute”意為“致敬，悼念”，句意：總統(tǒng)向滅火的消防隊(duì)員致敬，稱贊他們的勇敢拯救了無數(shù)生命。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

20.單選題

Oneofthefirst（

）ofreducedburninginAmazonrainforestswasthechestnutindustry:smoketendstodriveouttheinsectthat,bypollinatingchestnuttree,allowchestnutstodevelop.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reformers

B.casualties

C.critics

D.beneficiaries

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。reformer改革家，改良者；casualty傷亡人員；critics評論家；beneficiaries受益人。句意：在亞馬遜雨林中減少焚燒的直接受益者之一是栗子工業(yè)：通過給栗樹授粉，使栗子發(fā)育的昆蟲往往會(huì)被煙霧趕走。根據(jù)冒號后的內(nèi)容可判斷空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)正面的積極詞匯，故D項(xiàng)正確。

21.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Flightsimulator(飛行模擬器)referstoanyelectronicormechanicalsystemfortrainingairplaneandspacecraftpilotsandcrewmemberbysimulatingfightconditions.Thepurposeofsimulationisnottocompletelysubstitute(1)actualfighttrainingbuttothoroughlyfamiliarizestudentswiththevehicle(2)beforethey(3)extensiveandpossiblydangerousactualflighttraining.Simulationsalsoisusefulforreviewandforfamiliarizingpilotswithnew(4)toexistingcraft.

TwoearlyflightsimulatorsappearedinEnglandwithinadecadeafterthefirstfightofOrvilleandWilburWright.Theyweredesignedtoenablepilotstostimulatesimpleaircraft(5)inthreedimensions:noseupordown;leftwinghighandrightlow,orviceversa;and(6)toleftorright.Ittookuntil1929,however,foratrulyeffectivesimulator,theLinkTrainer,toappear,devisedbyEdwinA.Link,aself-educatedaviatorandinventorfromBinghamton,NewYork.(7),airplaneinstrumentationhadbeendevelopedsufficientlytopermit“blind”flyingoninstrumentsalone,buttrainingpilotstodosoinvolved(8)risk.Linkbuiltamodelofanairplanecockpitequipped(9)instrumentpanelandcontrolsthatcouldrealisticallystimulateallthemovementsofanairplane.Pilotscouldusethedeviceforinstrumenttraining,manipulatingthecontrols(10)instrumentreadingssoastomaintainstraightandlevelflightor(11)climbordescentwithnovisualreference(12)anyhorizonexceptfortheartificialoneontheinstrumentpanel.Thetrainerwasmodified(13)aircrafttechnologyadvanced.CommercialairlinesbegantousetheLinkTrainerforpilottraining,andtheUSgovernmentbeganpurchasingthemin1934,(14)thousandsmoreasWorldWarII(15).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.on

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.concerning

B.concern

C.beingconcerned

D.concerned

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.undertake

B.undergo

C.underplay

D.underuse

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.models

B.modifications

C.modifiers

D.modicum

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.manifestations

B.manipulations

C.manifestoes

D.maneuvers

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.yawling

B.yawning

C.yawing

D.yawping

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.Fromthenon

B.Fromnowon

C.Bynow

D.Bythen

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.considerable

B.considerate

C.considering

D.considered

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.in

C.wi