考研考博-英語-信陽師范學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-信陽師范學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thechangesinthiscityhaveoccurred（）.

問題1選項

A.withswiftness

B.fastly

C.rapidly

D.inrapidways

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。swift、fast和rapid都是快的意思。swift，含有平穩(wěn)、馬上、優(yōu)美的意思；fast作副詞時，可指物體或人的速度快，主要用來修飾人或物體的動作，fast本身就有副詞的作用。英語中，幾乎不見fastly這個詞，所以B選項排除；rapid是正式用語，多指運(yùn)動本身，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動的高速度，所指的速度有時有“對人有益”的含義，常?？膳cfast互換使用，但語氣比fast強(qiáng)。例如：Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathisparentswereveryglad.（他取得了如此快的進(jìn)步，以至于他的父母都很高興。），副詞形式是rapidly，修飾動詞occur應(yīng)該用副詞，所以C選項符合題意。句意：這個城市的變化發(fā)生得很快。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項。

2.單選題

Iamrunningdownanalleywithastolenavocado,havingclimbedoverawhitebrickfenceandintotheforbiddenbackyardofacarefullymanicuredestateatthecomerofElDoradoandCrescentDriveinBeverlyHills,California.Ihavesnatchedarock-hardFuerteavocadofromoneofthethreeavocadotreesnearthefence.Ihavebeentoldthatmanyferociousdogspatrolthegrounds;theyarekillers,thesedogs.Iamdefyingthem.Theyarenowheretobefound,exceptinmymind,andI’moutandgoneandinthealleywiththeirgrowlsdirectingmyimagination.Iamrunningwithfearandexhilaration,beginningaperiodofsummer.

EmergingfromtheshieldofthealleyIcutoutintotheopen.Summerisaboutrunning,andIamrunningprotectedbydistancefromthedogs.AtthecomerofCrescentDriveandLomitasIspotBobbyTomitzeronabike.Ishout“Tomitzer!”Heturnshishead.Hisbikewobbles.AnautomobilemovingrapidlycatchesTomitzer’sbackwheel.TomitzeristhrownhighintotheairandontotheconcretesidewalkofCrescentDrive.Thedriver，awomanwithgrayhair,swirlsfromthecarhystericallyandhoversnoisilyoverTomitzer,whowillnotsurvivetheaccident.Iholdtheavocadotomychestandstand,frozen,acrossthestreet.Iamshiveringintheheat,andsinktomyknees.Itisapproximately3:30intheafternoon.ItisJune21,1946.Insevendays,Iwillbe8yearsold.

1.Thebesttitleforthisstorycouldbe（）

2.ThemainimageinParagraph1isofayoungboy（）.

3.ThemainimageinParagraph2isof（）.

4.Thestorystartwiththefeelingof（）,andendswiththefeelingof（）.

5.Thephrase“shiveringintheheat”(neartheendofthispassage)dramaticallydescribesshockthrough（）.

問題1選項

A.Summer

B.KillerDogs

C.MyEighthBirthday

D.TheAlley

問題2選項

A.climbingawhitebrickfences

B.snatchingavocados

C.runningwithfearandexhilaration

D.defyingferociousdogs

問題3選項

A.Tomitzerridinghisbike

B.exhilarationturningintohorror

C.the7-year-oldemergingfromthealley

D.thehysteriaofthewomandriver

問題4選項

A.joyfulaction...horrifiedinaction

B.running...standing

C.beingalone...beingwithothers

D.beingaloneintheopen...shiveringintheheat

問題5選項

A.theuseofminutedetail

B.theunexpectedcombinationofhotandcold

C.itsimpliedreferencetotheword“frozen”

D.thecontrastofdeathandplay

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:文章講述的是作者在夏天偷牛油果的事，選項A符合題意。

第2題:文章第一段第一句話提到小男孩偷牛油果(astolenavocado)。選項B符合題意。

第3題:文章第二段講述了小男孩偷完牛油果往回走，在路上看見Tomitzer在騎自行車，很高興地喊他，但是他在回頭的時候，被汽車撞死了。見到此情此景，小男孩Iholdtheavocadotomychestandstand,frozen,acrossthestreet.說明小男孩內(nèi)心很害怕。這一段主要講述了小男孩由偷牛油果的興奮到間接害死朋友的恐懼心理。選項B符合題意。

第4題:根據(jù)上題，可知選項A符合題意。

第5題:由上下文可知，小男孩在成功偷取牛油果后是非常開心的，但是當(dāng)Tomitzer因為他而死了的時候他感覺很害怕。這個短語用來描述死亡與玩耍的對比，選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Therearegoodreasonstobetroubledbytheviolencethatspreadsthroughoutthemedia.Movies.Televisionandvideogamesarefullofgunplayandbloodshed,andonemightreasonablyaskwhat'swrongwithasocietythatpresentsvideosofdomesticviolenceasentertainment.

Mostresearchersagreethatthecausesofreal-worldviolencearecomplex.A1993studybytheU.S.NationalAcademyofScienceslisted"biological,individual,family,peer,school,andcommunityfactors"asallplayingtheirparts.

Viewingabnormallylargeamountsofviolenttelevisionandvideogamesmaywellcontributetoviolentbehaviorincertainindividuals.Thetroubleconieswhenresearchersdownplayuncertaintiesintheirstudiesoroverstatethecaseforcausality(因果關(guān)系).SkepticsweredismayedseveralyearsagowhenagroupofsocietiesincludingtheAmericanMedicalAssociationtriedtoendthedebatebyissuingajointstatement:"Atthistime,wellover1.000studiespointoverwhelminglytoacausalconnectionbetweenmediaviolenceandaggressivebehaviorinsomechildren."

Freedom-of-speechadvocatesaccusedthesocietiesofcateringtopoliticians,andevendisputedthenumberofstudies(mostwerereviewarticlesandessays,theysaid).WhenJonathanFreedman,asocialpsychologistattheUniversityofToronto,reviewedtheliterature,hefoundonly200orsostudiesoftelevision-watchingandaggression.Andwhenlieweededout"themostdoubtfulmeasuresofaggression",only28%supportedaconnection.

Thecriticalpointhereiscausality.Thealarmistssaytheyhaveprovedthatviolentmediacauseaggression.Buttheassumptionsbehindtheirobservationsneedtobeexamined.Whenlabelinggamesasviolentornon-violent,shouldaheroeatingaghostreallybecountedasaviolentevent?Andwhenexperimentersrecordthetimeittakesgameplayerstoread'aggressive'or'non-aggressive'wordsfromalist,canwebesurewhattheyareactuallymeasuring?TheintentofthenewHarvardCenteronMediaandChildHealthtocollectandstandardizestudiesofmediaviolenceinordertocomparetheirmethodologies,assumptionsandconclusionsisanimportantstepintherightdirection.

Anotherappropriatestepwouldbetotonedownthecriticismuntilweknowmore.Severalresearcherswrite,speakandtestifyquitealotonthethreatposedbyviolenceinthemedia.Thatis,ofcourse,theirprivilege.Butwhendoingso,theyoftencomeoutwithstatementsthatthematterhasnowbeensettled,drawingcriticismfromcolleagues.Inresponse,thealarmistsaccusecriticsandnewsreportersofbeingdeceivedbytheentertainmentindustry.Suchclasheshelpneithersciencenorsociety.

1.Whyistheresomuchviolenceshowninmovies.TVandvideogames?

2.Whatistheskeptics'viewofmediaviolence?

3.Theauthorusestheterm“alarmists”(Line1.Para.5)torefertothosewho（）.

4.Inrefutingthealarmists,theauthoradvanceshisargumentbyfirstchallenging（）

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthedebateconcerningtherelationshipbetweenthemediaandviolence?

問題1選項

A.Thereisalotofviolenceintherealworldtoday.

B.Somethinghasgonewrongwithtoday'ssociety.

C.Manypeoplearefondofgunplayandbloodshed.

D.Showingviolenceisthoughttobeentertaining.

問題2選項

A.Violenceontelevisionisafairlyaccuratereflectionofreal-worldlife.

B.Moststudiesexaggeratetheeffectofmediaviolenceontheviewers.

C.Acausalrelationshipexistsbetweenmediaandreal-worldviolence.

D.Theinfluenceofmediaviolenceonchildrenhasbeenunderestimated.

問題3選項

A.usestandardizedmeasurementsinthestudiesofmediaviolence

B.initiatedthedebateovertheinfluenceofviolentmediaonreality

C.assertadirectlinkbetweenviolentmediaandaggressivebehavior

D.useappropriatemethodologyinexaminingaggressivebehavior

問題4選項

A.thesourceandamountoftheirdata

B.thetargetsoftheirobservation

C.theirsystemofmeasurement

D.theirdefinitionofviolence

問題5選項

A.Morestudiesshouldbeconductedbeforeconclusionsaredrawn.

B.Itshouldcometoanendsincethematterhasnowbeensettled.

C.Thepaststudiesinthisfieldhaveprovedtobemisleading.

D.Hemorethanagreeswiththeviewsheldbythealarmists.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第一段onemightreasonablyaskwhat'swrongwithasocietythatpresentsvideosofdomesticviolenceasentertainment.人們可能會合理地問，一個把家庭暴力視頻作為娛樂的社會出了什么問題?可知人們認(rèn)為展示暴力是具有娛樂性的，故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。由第三段“Thetroubleconieswhenresearchersdownplayuncertaintiesintheirstudiesoroverstatethecaseforcausality.SkepticsweredismayedseveralyearsagowhenagroupofsocietiesincludingtheAmericanMedicalAssociationtriedtoendthedebatebyissuingajointstatement:"Atthistime,wellover1.000studiespointoverwhelminglytoacausalconnectionbetweenmediaviolenceandaggressivebehaviorinsomechildren."當(dāng)研究人員淡化研究中的不確定性或夸大因果關(guān)系時，問題就出現(xiàn)了。幾年前，包括美國醫(yī)學(xué)會(AmericanMedicalAssociation)在內(nèi)的一些學(xué)會試圖通過發(fā)表聯(lián)合聲明來結(jié)束這場爭論，對此持懷疑態(tài)度的人感到失望:“此時，超過1000項研究壓倒性地指出，媒體暴力與一些兒童的攻擊性行為之間存在因果關(guān)系?！庇纱丝芍獞岩烧撜叩难芯繄蟾婵浯罅嗣襟w暴力對于觀眾的影響。故B項正確。

3.詞義題。Thecriticalpointhereiscausality.Thealarmistssaytheyhaveprovedthatviolentmediacauseaggression.這里的臨界點(diǎn)是因果關(guān)系。危言聳聽者說，他們已經(jīng)證明暴力媒體會導(dǎo)致攻擊性。由此可知alarmists認(rèn)為暴力媒體與攻擊行為之間有直接關(guān)系，故C項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第五段“Buttheassumptionsbehindtheirobservationsneedtobeexamined.Whenlabelinggamesasviolentornon-violent,shouldaheroeatingaghostreallybecountedasaviolentevent?Andwhenexperimentersrecordthetimeittakesgameplayerstoread'aggressive'or'non-aggressive'wordsfromalist,canwebesurewhattheyareactuallymeasuring?但是他們觀察背后的假設(shè)需要被檢驗。當(dāng)給游戲貼上暴力或非暴力的標(biāo)簽時，一個吃鬼的英雄真的應(yīng)該被算作暴力事件嗎?當(dāng)實驗者記錄下游戲玩家從列表中閱讀“攻擊性”或“非攻擊性”詞匯所花的時間時，我們能確定他們實際上在測量什么嗎?由此可知，作者首先質(zhì)疑的就是這些研究者對于暴力的概念。故D項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由最后一段Anotherappropriatestepwouldbetotonedownthecriticismuntilweknowmore.Severalresearcherswrite,speakandtestifyquitealotonthethreatposedbyviolenceinthemedia.Thatis,ofcourse,theirprivilege.Butwhendoingso,theyoftencomeoutwithstatementsthatthematterhasnowbeensettled,drawingcriticismfromcolleagues.Inresponse,thealarmistsaccusecriticsandnewsreportersofbeingdeceivedbytheentertainmentindustry.Suchclasheshelpneithersciencenorsociety.另一個適當(dāng)?shù)牟襟E是在我們知道更多之前降低批評的聲音。幾位研究人員就媒體中的暴力構(gòu)成的威脅進(jìn)行了大量的寫作、發(fā)言和證實。當(dāng)然，這是他們的特權(quán)。但在這樣做的時候，他們往往會說事情已經(jīng)解決了，招致同事們的批評。作為回應(yīng)，危言聳聽者指責(zé)批評家和新聞記者被娛樂產(chǎn)業(yè)欺騙了。這樣的沖突對科學(xué)和社會都沒有好處?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為雙方進(jìn)行更充分的研究再得出一個合理一致的結(jié)論。故A項正確。

4.單選題

Microfinanceisananti-povertytool.Ifyoumakesmallloanstogroupsofpoorwomen,theyalwaysrepaythemontime.Microfinancehasgrownrapidlyinmanycountries.Yettheindustryhascomeunderattackforbeingtoocommercial.

InBangladeshthegovernmenthascappedtheannualinterestratethatmicrofinanceinstitutions(MFIs)canchargeat27%.InAndhraPradesh(AP),theIndianstatewiththemostmicrofinanceborrowers,localpoliticianshavebulliedthebusinesstoavirtualhalt.Thesestepsareostensiblymotivatedbyadesiretodefendthepoorfromgettingstuckinadebt.Buttheyarewrong-headed.

Despitechargingseeminglyhighinterestrates,MFIstypicallyhavethinmarginsbecauseofthehighcostsofmakingandcollectingpaymentsonmillionsoftinyloans.Pressingthemtoreduceratesfurtherwouldjeopardizetheirabilitytoattractprivatecapital,inhibitingtheirgrowth.

Infact,thepooroftenusemicroloanstopayofffarmoreexpensiveloansfromvillagemoneylenders.Thissuggeststhatrestrictingpeople’saccesstomicrocreditbycappingratescouldhavetheperverseeffectofdrivingmorepoorpeopleintothearmsofvillageloan-sharks.Thatwouldbegoodnewsforthesemoneylenders,butissurelynottheoutcomethatpolicymakerswant.

Sensibleregulationneednotbeatoddswithathrivingmicrofinanceindustry.Peru,forexample,isrankedashavingthebestbusinessenvironmentformicrofinance,inpartbecausetheregulatorhassuccessfullysetandenforcedrulesoncapitalbuffers,leadingtoamorestableenvironmentfortheindustry.India,incontrast,isyettodecidewhetherrulesgoverningmicrofinancearetobesetatthenationallevelorbyindividualstates.

Manythingscanbedone.Forinstance,anassociationofIndianMFIsistryingtosetupacreditbureauwhichwouldallowthemtotrackclients’overallindebtednessandcredithistories,thusguardingthemagainstlendingapersonmorethansheisabletohandle.ThiswouldbehelpedenormouslyifthegovernmentspedupitseffortstogiveallIndiansauniversalidentificationnumber.TheIndiangovernmentshouldalsoallowMFIstotakedeposits,whichtheyarecurrentlypreventedfromdoing:thiswouldmakethemlessdependentoncapitalmarketsforfunding.Actuallytherearemoreusefulmeasuresforthepoorthananinterest-ratecap.

1.Themicrofinanceindustryisunderattackbecause（

）.

2.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph2mostprobablymeans

（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,MFIsarenotmakingabigprofitbecause

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor，whatwouldhappenifpeople’saccesstomicrofinanceisrestricted?

5.InParagraph5,whatdoestheexampleofPeruandIndiaindicate?

6.AccordingtoParagraph6,whichmeasureisNOTapprovedbytheauthor?

問題1選項

A.itdevelopstoofast

B.itofferssmallloans

C.itover-emphasizesbusiness

D.itisananti-povertytool

問題2選項

A.tosetamaximumannualinterestrate

B.tochangetheannualinterestrate

C.torelaxthecontroloftheannualinterestrate

D.toreducetheannualinterestrate

問題3選項

A.theinterestratesaretoolow

B.thehandingofnumeroussmallloansisexpensive

C.theyfailtoattractprivatecapital.

D.theyareundergreatpressurefromthegovernment

問題4選項

A.TheprofitofMFIswouldbereduced.

B.Poorpeoplewouldnotbetrappedinadebt.

C.Peoplewouldonlygetmorecostlyloans.

D.Policymakerswouldbethrilledattheoutcome.

問題5選項

A.Indiahasbeenawareoftheimportanceofregulationonmicrofinance.

B.ThemicrofinanceindustryisboominginbothIndiaandPeru.

C.Sensibleregulationspromotethemicrofinanceindustry.

D.Regulationsshouldbesetatthenationallevel.

問題6選項

A.Setupcapitalmarketsforfunding.

B.Understandthecredithistoriesoftheclients.

C.Giveeveryoneauniversalidentificationnumber.

D.PermitMFIstoattractdeposits.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段。根據(jù)“yetthendustryhascomeunderattackforbeingtoocommercial（然而，該行業(yè)因過于商業(yè)化而受到抨擊）”,即可得出本題答案。

2.詞義推測題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段。第二段中提及印度的當(dāng)?shù)卣踔两型Ａ诵☆~信貸的業(yè)務(wù)。對比孟加拉，文中提及，微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)可以收取27%的利率（theannualinterestratethatmicrofinanceinstitutions(MFIs)canchargeat27%.）。在第三段，作者還論述了對于小額信貸降低利率的弊端有哪些（jeopardizetheirabilitytoattractprivatecapital,inhibitingtheirgrowth.）。由此可知，政府試圖限制小額貸款的利率，從而得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息定位至原文第三段。根據(jù)“becauseofthehighcostsofmakingandcollectingpaymentsonmillionsoftinyloans（因為數(shù)以百萬計的小額貸款的分期付款成本很高）”,即可得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第四段第二句，“Thissuggeststhatrestrictingpeople’saccesstomicrocreditbycappingratescouldhavetheperverseeffectofdrivingmorepoorpeopleintothearmsofvillageloan-sharks.(限制人們小額信貸的后果是迫使窮人轉(zhuǎn)向利率更高的高利貸借貸。)”從而得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第五段。根據(jù)“Sensibleregulationneednotbeatoddswithathrivingmicrofinanceindustry(合理的監(jiān)管不必與繁榮的小額信貸行業(yè)相抵觸)”,即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。定位最后一段，“giveallIndiansauniversalidentificationnumber.”“allowthemtotrackclients’overallindebtednessandcredithistories”“allowMFIstotakedeposits”可知選項A的內(nèi)容在文章中并未提及，從而得出本題答案。

5.單選題

Inthegloriouslyhotsummerofnineteenfourteen,themurderofAustria-HungarianArchduke(奧匈帝國大公)inanobscurepartoftheBalkansprovidedthesparkwhichsetEuropeablaze.

問題1選項

A.indistinct

B.unfriendly

C.imprecise

D.unknown

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.indistinct模糊不清的B.unfriendly不友好的，冷漠的

C.imprecise不確切的，不精確的D.unknown不出名的，無名的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】obscure的意思為“無名的，鮮為人知的”，用來修飾partoftheBalkans，指的是這個地方?jīng)]有名字，非常偏僻，unknown與之詞義相近，因此D選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】1914年炎炎夏日，在巴爾干半島的一個偏僻地區(qū)，奧匈帝國大公被謀殺，為歐洲爆炸點(diǎn)燃了火花。

6.單選題

Theheadlightsoftheapproachingcarwereso（）thatthecyclisthadtostopriding.

問題1選項

A.gleaning

B.staring

C.gleaming

D.dazzling

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。gleaning"拾遺";staring"目不轉(zhuǎn)睛的,凝視的";gleaming"閃爍的,閃閃發(fā)光的";dazzling"耀眼的,光彩奪目的"。句意：那輛駛來的汽車的前燈太耀眼，以致于騎自行車的人不得不停下來。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Inordertostrengthenhisarguments,Toffler（

）respectablesocialscientistswhoagreewithhim.

問題1選項

A.recites

B.confirms

C.quotes

D.convinces

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。recite意為“背誦，朗誦，列舉”；confirm意為“確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)，證實”；quote意為“引述，引用”；convince意為“使相信，說服，使承認(rèn)”。

句意：為了加強(qiáng)他的論點(diǎn)，托夫勒引用了同意他觀點(diǎn)的受人尊敬的社會科學(xué)家的話。

8.單選題

Childrenlearnalmostnothingfromtelevision,andthemoretheywatchthelesstheyremember.Theyregardtelevisionpurely（1）entertainment,resentprogramsthatput（2）onthemandaresurprisedthatanybodyshould（3）themediumseriously.Farfrombeingover-excitedbyprograms,theyaremildly（4）withthewholething.Thesearethemainconclusionsfromanewstudyofchildrenandtelevision.Theauthor,CardiacCullingford（5）thatthemodernchildisa（6）viewer.Thestudysuggeststhatthereislittle（7）inthelaterhours.All11-year-oldshavewatchedprogramsaftermidnight.

Apartfromtheobviouswasteoftime（8）,itseemsthatallthisviewinghaslittleeffect.Cullingfordsaysthatchildrencanrecallfewdetails.Theycanrememberexactlywhichprogramstheyhaveseenbuttheycan（9）explaintheelementsofaparticularplot.Recallwasin“（10）proportiontotheamounttheyhadwatched”.Itispreciselybecausetelevision,（11）ateacher,demandssolittleattentionandresponse（12）childrenlikeit,arguesCullingford.Programsseekingto（13）seriousmessagesarestronglydisliked.（14）peoplewhofrequentlytalkonscreen.Whatchildrenlikemostaretheadvertisements.Theyseethemasshortprograms（15）theirownrightandparticularlyenjoyhumorouspresentation.Butagain,they（16）stronglyagainsthigh-pressureadvertisementsthatattemptopenlyto（17）them.

Inaddition,childrenarenot（18）involvedintheprograms.Iftheyadmirethestars,itisbecausetheactorsleadglamorouslivesandearnalotofmoney,（19）theirfictionalskillswithfastcarsandshootingvillains.Childrenareperfectly（20）thefunctionsofadvertisements.AndsaysCullingford,educationaltelevisionisprobablyleastsuccessfulofallinimpartingattitudesorinformation.

問題1選項

A.for

B.as

C.like

D.at

問題2選項

A.reforms

B.comments

C.calls

D.demands

問題3選項

A.adjust

B.select

C.take

D.restrict

問題4選項

A.gratified

B.acquainted

C.infected

D.bored

問題5選項

A.conforms

B.confirms

C.confesses

D.refutes

問題6選項

A.dedicated

B.sincere

C.preoccupied

D.choosy

問題7選項

A.perfection

B.faith

C.intention

D.point

問題8選項

A.resolved

B.involved

C.revived

D.revolved

問題9選項

A.rarely

B.fairly

C.abundantly

D.fully

問題10選項

A.diverse

B.reverse

C.immerse

D.direct

問題11選項

A.dislike

B.like

C.unlike

D.unlikely

問題12選項

A.why

B.that

C.which

D.whether

問題13選項

A.putover

B.carryover

C.seeover

D.takeover

問題14選項

A.Thoseare

B.Soare

C.Theyare

D.Thereare

問題15選項

A.in

B.among

C.through

D.with

問題16選項

A.weigh

B.react

C.discriminate

D.proceed

問題17選項

A.influence

B.haveinfluenced

C.influenced

D.influencing

問題18選項

A.indifferently

B.emotionally

C.intellectually

D.facilely

問題19選項

A.mainlybecause

B.partlybecause

C.notbecause

D.notbecauseof

問題20選項

A.clearabout

B.clearup

C.clearaway

D.clearof

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。regard...as…意為“將……視為……”。原文指的是孩子們純粹地將電視視為娛樂，選項B符合原文。

2.考查名詞辨析。A選項reform“改革，改良”；B選項comment“評論，意見”；C選項call“拜訪”；D選項demand“要求，需求”。根據(jù)句意“他們討厭那些對他們提出要求的節(jié)目”，選項D符合語境。

3.考查固定搭配。takeseriously意為“重視，認(rèn)真對待……”，原文指的是認(rèn)真對待媒體。所以選項C符合語境。

4.考查形容詞辨析。A選項gratified“滿意的”；B選項acquainted“熟識的”；C選項infected“受感染的”；D選項bored“無聊的，煩人的”。根據(jù)前面的“over-excited”可知，后面應(yīng)填入與之意思相反的詞。句意“他們非但沒有對節(jié)目過于興奮，反而對整個節(jié)目有點(diǎn)厭煩?！边x項D最符合語境。

5.考查動詞辨析。A選項conform“遵守，符合”；B選項confirm“確認(rèn)，證實”；C選項confess“承認(rèn)，坦白，懺悔”；D選項refute“反駁”。結(jié)合上下文的語境可知，前面提出結(jié)論，作者CardiacCullingford加以證實，所以選項B符合語境。

6.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)本段的最后一句“所有11歲的孩子都在午夜之后看節(jié)目。”由此可推斷，孩子們應(yīng)該是專用的觀眾。A選項dedicated“專用的，專注的”；B選項sincere“真誠的”；C選項preoccupied“全神貫注的”；D選項choosy“挑剔的”。選項A符合語境，選項C用在此處不太恰當(dāng)。

7.考查固定用法。Thereislittlepoint……意為“做某事沒有多少意義”。所以選項D正確。

8.考查上下文語義。A選項resolved“解決，決定”；B選項involved“涉及，包含”；C選項revived“復(fù)活，再生”；D選項revolved“旋轉(zhuǎn)”。根據(jù)句意“除了涉及到明顯的時間浪費(fèi)，收看電視等所有這些似乎沒有什么影響?！边x項B符合語境。

9.考查上下文語境。A選項rarely“很少地”；B選項fairly“相當(dāng)?shù)亍?；C選項abundantly“豐富地，大量地”；D選項fully“充分地”。根據(jù)上文Cullingford提及的“孩子們能回憶起的細(xì)節(jié)很少”可知，這里也應(yīng)該是“很少能解釋某個特定情節(jié)的元素”。所以選項A正確。

10.考查形容詞辨析。A選項diverse“不同的，多樣的”；B選項reverse“相反的，顛倒的”；C選項immerse“沉浸，陷入”；D選項direct“直接的”。結(jié)合上下文的內(nèi)容可知，他們（孩子們）的回憶“與觀看的數(shù)量成反比”，也就是前面所說的，看得越多，記得越少。所以選項B正確。

11.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是將電視和老師進(jìn)行對比，說明電視不像老師那樣，只需要很少的關(guān)注和回憶。所以選項C符合語境。

12.考查固定句型。so…that…意為“太……以至于……”，所以選項B正確。

13.考查詞組辨析。A選項putover“說明，解釋，被接受”；B選項carryover“繼續(xù)存在”；C選項seeover“檢查，察看”；D選項takeover“接管，接收”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是指試圖傳遞嚴(yán)肅信息的節(jié)目非常不受歡迎，也就是說，節(jié)目試圖使嚴(yán)肅的信息被大家所接受，所以選項A符合語境。

14.考查so的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指的是“經(jīng)常在屏幕上講話的人也是如此?！北硎尽啊惨粯?，也是如此”用“so+系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”，所以選項B正確。

15.考查固定搭配。inone'sownright意為“本身”，所以選項A正確。

16.考查動詞辨析。A選項weigh“權(quán)衡，考慮”；B選項react“作出反應(yīng)”；C選項discriminate“歧視，辨別”；D選項proceed“開始，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”。根據(jù)句意可知，他們應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)烈反對那些影響他們的廣告，reactagainst意為“反對，反抗”，選項B符合語境。

17.考查固定用法。attempttodo意為“嘗試去做某事”，不定式to后面接動詞原形，所以選項A正確。

18.考查副詞辨析。A選項indifferently“冷淡地，漠不關(guān)心地”；B選項emotionally“令人激動地，情緒沖動地”；C選項intellectually“智力上，理智地”；D選項facilely“輕快地”。根據(jù)句意“他們（孩子們）并沒有情緒激動地牽涉進(jìn)這些節(jié)目中?！边x項B符合語境。

19.考查because的用法。句意“他們羨慕明星，是因為演員們過著光鮮亮麗的生活，能賺很多錢，而不是因為他們擁有賽車和拍攝反派角色的虛構(gòu)技能。”A選項mainlybecause“主要是因為”；B選項partlybecause“部分是因為”；C選項notbecause“不是因為”；D選項notbecauseof“不是因為”。選項C和選項D的區(qū)別在于，because后面接句子，becauseof后面接短語。填空處后面是短語而不是完整的句子，所以只能選D。

20.考查詞組辨析。A選項clearabout“清楚，明白”；B選項clearup“整理，打掃”；C選項clearaway“清除，收拾，消失”；D選項clearof“清除，掃清”。根據(jù)句意“孩子們非常清楚廣告的作用。”選項A符合語境。

9.單選題

YoucanarriveinLondonearlierforthemeeting（）youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.

問題1選項

A.provided

B.unless

C.though

D.until

【答案】A

【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項provided“假如，倘若”；B選項unless“除非”；C選項though“盡管”；D選項until“直到”。根據(jù)句意：如果你不介意坐晚上的火車，那么你可以早點(diǎn)到達(dá)倫敦開會。后者是前者的條件，所以填入表示條件的連詞provided,選項A正確。

10.單選題

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electri-callychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm,earthquakeswhenwindssuchastheMistral,HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelec-tricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue，irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes,snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpabout

unaccountably.ThishasledtheU.S.GeographicalSurveytofundanetwork,ofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachines,whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/posi-tiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectson

themselves,oronothers，ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherde-pendingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Inaccordancewiththepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby（）.

3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound（）.

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Accordingtothepassage,somescientistsbelievethat（）

問題1選項

A.Theythinktheyareinsane.

B.Theybecomeratherbad-tempered.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

問題2選項

A.usinghome-madegoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingoncarpets

D.cleaningcomputerscreens

問題3選項

A.nearaparkinglot

B.closetoaslow-flowingriver

C.insomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

問題4選項

A.Ionizers.

B.Air-conditioners.

C.Exhaust-fans.

D.Vacuumpumps.

問題5選項

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography

B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbeexplained

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable

D.earthquakecannotbepredicted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出：Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresent,intheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.因此，B項“人會變得易怒”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“staticelectricity”定位至第一段：Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcom-puterdisplayscreens（也可能是由于室內(nèi)地毯或人造纖維制成的衣服或電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)或電腦顯示屏產(chǎn)生的靜電積聚所致）。因此C選項“在地毯上行走”是靜電產(chǎn)生的原因之一。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“negativeion”定位至第三段：Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray（產(chǎn)生這些大量負(fù)離子的自然條件是靠近大海，靠近瀑布或噴泉，或在噴灑水的任何地方，或形成噴霧劑）,因此D項“通過旋轉(zhuǎn)灑水車”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“negativeionsindoors”定位至最后一段：Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers.由此可知，ionizers（離子發(fā)生器）可以制造室內(nèi)負(fù)離子。A項正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出：Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat（依靠地震知識預(yù)測地震是否比觀察貓更有效還存在爭議）,因此A項正確。

11.單選題

Mymotherwouldratherputhonestyfirstinher（

）ofvalues,whichisimportantforourgrowth.

問題1選項

A.inventory

B.hierarchy

C.observation

D.identification

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。inventory“存貨”；hierarchy“層級，等級”；observation“觀察”；identification“識別，鑒別”。句意為：我的母親寧可將誠實放在其價值觀體系的首位，這對于我們的成長很重要。選項B符合句意。

12.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonInnovationConsciou