考研考博-英語-共青科技職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-共青科技職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thesecretarywasharshly（）byherbossformisplacingsomeimportantfiles.

問題1選項

A.rebuked

B.teased

C.washed

D.accused

【答案】A

【解析】本題是動詞辨析題。rebuked“指責”；teased“取笑，戲弄”；washed“洗滌”；accused“控告”，根據(jù)for后面的內容“誤放了重要文件”，可知這位秘書會被老板責備，此處應該使用動詞rebuke的過去分詞rebuked，故正確答案為選項A。句意為：這位秘書因為誤放了重要文件而被老板嚴厲指責了。

2.單選題

Sleepisafunnything.We’retaughtthatweshouldgetsevenoreighthoursanight,butalotofusgetbyjustfineonless,andsomeofusactuallysleeptoomuch.AstudyoutoftheUniversityofBuffalolastmonthreportedthatpeoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozing(睡)soundly.

Doctorshavetheirownspecialsleepproblems.Residents(住院醫(yī)生)arefamouslysleepdeprived.WhenIwastrainingtobecomeadoctor,itwasnotunusualtowork40hoursinarowwithoutrest.Mostofustookitinstride,confidentwecouldstilldeliverthehighestqualityofmedicalcare.Maybeweshouldn’thavebeensosureofourselves.AnarticleintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationpointsoutthatinthemorningafter24hoursofsleeplessness,aperson’smotorperformanceiscomparabletothatofsomeonewhoislegallyintoxicated.Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.

“Icouldtellyouhorrorstories,”saysJayaAgrawal,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalStudentAssociation,whichrunsawebsitewhereresidentscanpostanonymousanecdotes.Someareterrifying.“Iwasoperatingafterbeingupforover36hours,”onewrites.“Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.

“PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork,”writesanother.“Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhitaconveniencestoreontheroadside.”“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep”.

Agrawal’sorganizationissupportingthePatientandPhysicianSafetyandProtectionActof2001,introducedlastNovemberbyRepresentativeJohnConyersJr.ofMichigan.Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.Dr.CharlesBinkley,aseniorsurgeryresidentattheUniversityofMichigan,agreesthatsomethingneedstobedonebutbelieves“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”.

TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown.Ifyou’reworriedaboutthepeopletreatingyouoralovedoneyoushouldfeelfreetoaskhowmanyhoursofsleeptheyhavehadandifmore-restedstaffersareavailable.Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibility(不出錯)andgettheresttheyneed.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

2.Whatdoestheauthorimplyspeakingofthesleepproblemsthatdoctorsface?

3.WhatistheauthorspurposeofwritingParagraphs3and4?

4.WhatdoesDr.CharlesBinkleymeanby“doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment”inParagraph5?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.Strokeisoftenassociatedwithsleep.

B.Toomuchsleepcanbeasharmfulaslackofsleep.

C.Peoplewhosleeplessthan8hoursadayaremorepronetoillness.

D.Poorsleepqualitymaybeasignofphysicaldisorder.

問題2選項

A.Doctorstendtoneglecttheirownsleepproblems.

B.Doctorsoftenneedlittlesleeptokeepthemenergetic.

C.Doctors’sleepisdeprivedbyresidents.

D.Sleepdepriveddoctorsareintoxicated.

問題3選項

A.Toshowthehostilitydoctorshaveagainsttheirpatients.

B.Toexemplifythedangerdoctorsfacecausedbylackofsleep.

C.Toentertaintheaudiencewithsomeanecdotes.

D.Todiscussthecauseofdoctors’sleepproblems.

問題4選項

A.Theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific.

B.Lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan.

C.Doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment’sregulations.

D.Thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch.

問題5選項

A.Patientsarefacingmorerisksiftheirdoctorsarenotadequately-rested.

B.Peopleconcernedhavetherighttoremovetheirdoctorsfromtheirpositions.

C.Pilotsandtruckdriversworkinsaferenvironmentsthanthatofdoctors.

D.Patientscanchoosethesleepinghoursoftheirdoctors.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句peoplewhoroutinelysleepmorethaneighthoursadayandarestilltiredarenearlythreetimesaslikelytodieofstroke—probablyasaresultofanunderlyingdisorderthatkeepsthemfromsnoozingsoundly.（那些每天睡眠時間超過8小時但仍然感到疲勞的人死于中風的可能性是正常人的近三倍，這可能是由于一種潛在的疾病使他們無法睡得安穩(wěn)所致。），可知睡得足夠久卻疲憊的人可能是因為患有疾病，D選項“睡眠質量差可能是身體紊亂的跡象”正確；這里沒有說到中風和睡眠的關系，A選項“中風常與睡眠有關”錯誤；這里沒有說到睡眠過多的危害，B選項“睡眠過多和睡眠不足一樣有害”錯誤；文中沒有說到睡眠少就容易生病，C選項“每天睡眠少于8小時的人更容易生病”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者提出住院醫(yī)生睡眠不足的問題，然后對醫(yī)生在睡眠不足的情況下提供的服務質量提出質疑，最后一句說Curiously,surgeonswhobelievethatoperatingundertheinfluenceisgroundsfordismissaloftendon’tthinktwiceaboutoperatingwithoutenoughsleep.（奇怪的是，那些認為在酒精影響下進行手術就可以被解雇的外科醫(yī)生對于在睡眠不足的情況下進行手術往往毫不猶豫。），可知作者認為睡眠不足和醉酒沒什么兩樣，D選項“睡眠不足的醫(yī)生像喝醉了一樣”正確；沒有提到醫(yī)生對自己睡眠不足這個情況的態(tài)度，A選項“醫(yī)生往往忽視他們自己的睡眠問題”錯誤；醫(yī)生不能醉酒做手術，而睡眠不足如同醉酒，所以醫(yī)生也需要充足的睡眠，B選項“醫(yī)生通常需要很少的睡眠來保持精力充沛”錯誤。這一段主要在表達醫(yī)生睡眠不足會影響服務質量，并且明確表示住院醫(yī)生睡眠被剝奪，不符合題干中“第一段暗含什么”的條件，也不是表達的主要內容，C選項“住院醫(yī)生的睡眠被剝奪”錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者列出了睡眠不足對醫(yī)生的影響，比如第三段的最后一句Iliterallyfellasleepstandingupandnearlyfaceplantedintothewound.（我真的是站著睡著了，臉差點被埋在傷口里。）和第四段PracticallyeverysurgicalresidentIknowhasfallenasleepatthewheeldrivinghomefromwork…Iknowofthreewhohavehitparkedcars.Anotherhitaconveniencestoreontheroadside.（幾乎我認識的每個外科住院醫(yī)生都在下班回家的路上睡著了……我知道有三個人撞到了停著的車。另一輛撞到了路邊的一家便利店。），最后總結說“Yourownpatientshavebecometheenemy,”writesathird,becausetheyare“theonethingthatstandsbetweenyouandafewhoursofsleep”.（“你自己的病人變成了你的敵人?！钡谌齻€人寫道，因為他們是“阻礙你睡好幾個小時的唯一因素”。），表達醫(yī)生因為職業(yè)的關系缺乏睡眠，在這里作者用大量篇幅舉例來闡述醫(yī)生缺乏睡眠的危險，B選項“舉例說明缺乏睡眠給醫(yī)生帶來的危險”正確；這里只是表達因為要治病，醫(yī)生缺乏睡眠，A選項“顯示醫(yī)生對病人的敵意”錯誤；娛樂讀者不是主要目的，而是舉例表達觀點，C選項“用一些軼事來娛樂讀者”錯誤；D選項“討論醫(yī)生出現(xiàn)睡眠問題的原因”不是表達的重點，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二、三句Itskeyprovisions,modeledonNewYorkState’sregulations,includean80-hourworkweekanda24-hourwork-shiftlimit.Mostdoctors,however,resistsuchinterference.（它的關鍵條款模仿了紐約州的規(guī)定，包括每周80小時的工作時間和24小時的輪班限制。然而，大多數(shù)醫(yī)生抵制這種干預。），可知醫(yī)生不贊同法案中對醫(yī)生工作時間如此具體和死板的規(guī)定，認為睡眠的時間段不是能夠用法律規(guī)定的，不想連睡眠都要受法律束縛，D選項“政府干擾過多”正確。A選項“關于工作周和輪班的規(guī)定太具體了”和B選項“法律不能讓醫(yī)生睡覺，但是他的意識可以”：不是表達的主要意思。C選項“醫(yī)生不應該遵守政府的規(guī)定”：文中沒有這樣的意思。因此D選項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段TheU.S.controlsthehoursofpilotsandtruckdrivers.Butuntilsuchasystemisinplacefordoctors,patientsareontheirown…Doctors,fortheirpart,havetogiveuptheirposeofinfallibilityandgettheresttheyneed.（在美國，飛行員和卡車司機的工作時間都有嚴格的控制。但除非也給醫(yī)生制定這樣一套規(guī)定，否則病人只能聽天由命……就醫(yī)生而言，他們必須放棄一貫不出錯的姿態(tài)，而得到他們需要的休息。），可知醫(yī)生需要充足的休息來保證工作任務的質量，A選項“如果醫(yī)生沒有得到充分的休息，病人將面臨更多危險”正確；這里說的是飛行員和卡車司機的工作時間問題，而不是工作的安全性，C選項“飛行員和卡車司機的工作環(huán)境比醫(yī)生更安全”錯誤。B選項“有關人員有權解除其醫(yī)生的職務”和D選項“病人可以選擇醫(yī)生的睡眠時間”文中沒有提到。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

BecauseJenkinsneither_______nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothsidesadmirehisjournalistic_______.

問題1選項

A.criticizes...acumen

B.attacks...neutrality

C.confronts...aptitude

D.dismisses".flair

【答案】B

【解析】criticizes...acumen批評敏銳;attacks...neutrality攻擊中立性;confronts...aptitude遭遇能力;dismisses…flair解散資質。句意：由于Jenkins既不攻擊也不為管理層或罷工工人辯護,雙方都欽佩他的作為新聞工作者的中立。選項B符合句意。

4.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個位于首爾東南部的一個上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說，應該是這位韓國流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動；喝著燒酒簽下美國唱片合約，占據(jù)美國電視黃金時段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對于很多人來說，那個老問題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會找到前衛(wèi)的國際品牌概念商店，還有本土時裝大牌。這里的商店都價格不菲，但要像樸載相所說的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個代價。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過了佛教，但在16世紀中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導下，奉恩寺作為韓國主要的禪宗佛教中心開始興旺起來。如果你想獲得一些點化，可以參加一個為期兩天的住寺活動，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

5.單選題

Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople（

）harmthem.

問題1選項

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.betterthan

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:發(fā)展核科學是給人們造福，而不是危害人們。

短語辨析。Morethan多于，超出;otherthan除了;betterthan超過，多于;ratherthan而不是。故選D。

6.單選題

Anearrevolutionhasoccurredoverthepastdecadeinourunderstandingoftheimpactsofclimatechange.Boththenaturalscienceandtheeconomicsunderlyingpredictionsofclimate-changeimpactshavealtereddramatically.Climatescientistshavereducedthemagnitudeofpredictedwarming,suggestingmilderfutureclimatescenarios.Ecologistshaveshiftedfrompredictingecosystemcollapsetopredictingthatnetprimaryproductivitywilllikelyincreaseoverthelongrun.Andeconomistsarenolongerpredictinglargedamages,butratheramixtureofdamagesandbenefits.

Thesechangesaresodramaticthatitisnotclearwhethertheneteconomiceffectsfromclimatechangeoverthenextcenturywillbeharmflilorhelpful.Thenewresearchfurthersuggeststhateffectsarelikelytovaryacrosstheplanet.Wenowexpecttemperateandpolarcountriestoenjoysmalleconomicgains,whereastropicalcountriesaremorelikelytosuffereconomiclosses.

Ofcourse,wehavenotbanishedalluncertainty,whichwillalwayshauntfutureprojectionsofoutcomes.Thedynamicsofecosystemsarepoorlyunderstood;carboncyclesmaychangeovertime;polaricemaygenerateunwelcomesurprises;andtheeffectsofchangeontropicalregionshavenotyethadthethoroughstudytheyrequire.Nonetheless,therecentscientificandeconomicfindingscreateanewperspectiveonthegreenhouse-gasproblem,andthisnewvision,inturn,callsfornewstrategiesandnewpoliticaloutcomes.

Thereductionindamage-estimatesremovestheurgencytoengageincostlycrashabatementprograms.Ourinitialperspectiveongreenhousegasessuggestedthatwewererapidlyapproachingtheedgeofacliff.Thosefearsnowappearunfounded,fortheimpactsfromclimatewarmingseemtoberelativelysmallforthenextcentury.Therewillbedamagestobesure,buttheywillbeoffsetbybenefits.Thenetexpectedeffectnowisclosertozeroratherthanto2percentofGDP.Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.

1.Theoverallpurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe“newperspective”(Para.3)istheresultofashiftfrom

（

）.

3.Theauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorassumesthatthereader（

）.

問題1選項

A.pointoutflawsincurrentmethodsofclimateanalysis

B.raiseawarenessofthepotentiallydevastatingimpactofglobalwarming

C.proposesanewmethodforstudyingtheeffectsofglobalwarming

D.suggestpolicychangesinlightofrecentscientificfindings

問題2選項

A.scientificanalysistoeconomicanalysis

B.dreadfulpredictionstomoderatepredictions

C.afocusonthepasttoafocusinthefuture

D.afocusonpolarregionstoafocusontropicalregions

問題3選項

A.governmentsshouldactswiftlytocurbgreenhousegasemissions

B.itisunclearwhethercarbondioxidecontributestoglobalwarming

C.economicanalysisshouldbeconsideredwhenformulatingapolicyfordealingwithglobalwarming

D.theimpactsfromglobalwarmingwillbeveryhighinthecomingcentury

問題4選項

A.isconcernedmorewiththebenefitsofpoliciesthantheircosts

B.isconcernedwithcurbingtheemissionsofgreenhousegases

C.iswillingtoconsiderlong-termeconomiceffects

D.hasaweaknessforinefficientcarsandappliance

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。定位到最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應著眼長遠，而且應是廉價和具有成本效益的?！笨芍cD項“政策的改變應以最近的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)為依據(jù)”正確。A項“指出當前氣候分析方法的不足”；B項“提高對全球變暖潛在破壞性影響的認識”；C項“提出了一種研究全球變暖影響的新方法”D項“根據(jù)最近的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)建議政策的改變”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。定位到第三段中的Nonetheless,therecentscientificandeconomicfindingscreateanewperspectiveonthegreenhouse-gasproblem...盡管如此，最近的科學和經(jīng)濟發(fā)現(xiàn)溫室氣體問題上有一個新的視角?？芍猲ewperspective是由于therecentscientificandeconomicfindings而產生的，結合第一段中“Climatescientistshavereducedthemagnitudeofpredictedwarming,…Ecologistshaveshiftedfrompredictingecosystemcollapsetopredictingthatnetprimaryproductivitywilllikelyincreaseoverthelongrun.Andeconomistsarenolongerpredictinglargedamages,butratheramixtureofdamagesandbenefits.氣候科學家已經(jīng)降低了預測的變暖幅度……生態(tài)學家已經(jīng)從預測生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰轉向預測，凈初級生產力可能會長期增加。經(jīng)濟學家們不再預測損失會很大，而是預測損失和收益的混合體?？芍狟項“從可怕的預測到溫和的預測”相符。

3.判斷推理題。定位到最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應著眼長遠，而且應是廉價和具有成本效益的?！笨芍狢項“在制定應對全球變暖的政策時，經(jīng)濟分析應該被考慮到”正確。由“Thereductionindamage-estimatesremovestheurgencytoengageincostlycrashabatementprograms.損失估算的減少消除了實施代價高昂的墜機事故消除計劃的緊迫性”可知A項“各國政府應迅速采取行動，遏制溫室氣體排放”不對，B項“目前還不清楚二氧化碳是否對全球變暖有貢獻”沒有提及。由“Thosefearsnowappearunfounded,fortheimpactsfromclimatewarmingseemtoberelativelysmallforthenextcentury.現(xiàn)在看來，這些擔憂似乎毫無根據(jù)，因為氣候變暖對下個世紀的影響似乎相對較小?？芍狣項“未來一個世紀，全球變暖的影響將是巨大的”不對。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段中“Asaconsequence,thenewabatementpoliciesshouldbedesignedforthelongrun,andshouldbeinexpensiveandcost-effective.因此，新的減排政策應該從長遠來設計，應該是便宜的和具有成本效益的?？芍狢項“作者假定讀者愿意考慮長期的經(jīng)濟影響”正確。

7.單選題

SomeAfricanAmericanshavehadaprofoundimpactonAmericansociety,changingmanypeople’sviewsonrace,historyandpolitics.ThefollowingisasamplingofAfricanAmericanswhohaveshapedsocietyandtheworldwiththeirspiritandtheirideals.

MuhammadAliCassiusMarcellusClaygrewupadevoutBaptistinLouisville,Kentucky,learningtofightatage12afterapoliceofficersuggestedhelearntodefendhimself.Sixyearslater,hewasanOlympicboxingchampion,goingontowinthreeworldheavyweighttitles.Hebecameknownasmuchforhisswagger（趾高氣揚）outsidetheringashismovementinit,convertingtoIslamin1965,changinghisnametoMuhammadAliandrefusingtojointheU.S.Armyonreligiousgrounds.AliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerendedandhedevelopedParkinson’sdisease,evenlightingtheOlympictorchatthe1996AtlantaOlympicsandconveyingthepeacefulvirtuesofIslamfollowing

theSeptember11terroristattacks.

W.E.B.DuBoisBomWilliamEdwardBurghardtDuBoisin1868,thisMassachusettsnativewasoneofthemostprominent,prolificintellectualsofhistime.Anacademic,activistandhistorian,DuBoisco-foundedtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP),edited“TheCrisis”magazineandwrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarlyarticles.Inperhapshismostfamouswork,“TheSoulsofBlackFolk,”publishedin1903,hepredicted“theproblemof20thcenturywouldbetheproblemofthecolor-line.’’

MartinLutherKingJr.TheRev.MartinLutherKingJr.isconsideredoneofthemostpowerfulandpopularleadersoftheAmericancivilrightsmovement.Hespearheaded(帶頭，做先鋒)amassive,nonviolentinitiativeofmarches,sit-ins,boycottsanddemonstrationsthatprofoundlyaffectedAmericans’attitudestowardracerelations.HewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.

MalcolmXBlackleaderMalcolmXspokeoutabouttheconceptsofraceprideandblacknationalismintheearly1960s.Hedenouncedtheexploitationofblackpeoplebywhitesanddevelopedalargeanddedicatedfollowing,whichcontinuedevenafterhisdeathin1965.Interestintheleader

surgedagainafterSpikeLee’s1992movie“MalcolmX”wasreleased.

JackieRobinsonIn1947,JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrierbyjoiningtheBrooklynDodgers,becomingthefirstblackbaseballplayerintheU.S.majorleagues.Afterretirementfrombaseballin1957,heremainedactiveincivilrightsandyouthactivities.In1962,hebecamethefirstAfrican-AmericantobeinductedintotheBaseballHallofFame.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMuhammadAli?

2.Theitalicizedword“prolific”(Line2,Para.3)issynonymousto（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

4.Whatiscommonamongthecelebritiesmentionedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeatitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Heneverservedinthearmy.

B.Helearnedtofightatanearlyage.

C.Hispopularitydecreasedafterhisretirementfromboxing.

D.Helovespeace.

問題2選項

A.smart

B.skilled

C.productive

D.pioneering

問題3選項

A.W.E.B.DuBoiswasengagedinthecauseofpromotingthestatusofcoloredpeople.

B.JackieRobinsonwasdeniedbyU.S.majorbaseballleaguesthroughouthislife.

C.MartinLutherKingJr.washighlyawardedforhiscontributionstothecivilrightsmovements.

D.MalcolmXdirectlyorindirectlyinspiredinterestinleadershipevenafterhisdeath.

問題4選項

A.Eachachievedenormoussuccessinhis/herfieldandwashighlyrecognized.

B.Eachwasdevotedtohis/hercausebutdidn’twinrecognitionuntildeath.

C.Allwereactiveandfamousinseveralfieldsintheirlifetime.

D.Alllovedpeaceandremainedactiveincivilrightsactivities.

問題5選項

A.LifeofFamousAfricanAmericans

B.InfluenceofFamousAfricanAmericans

C.PoliticalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

D.CulturalPioneers:IconsandIntellectuals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。原文第二段尾句指出Aliremainedpopularafterhisathleticcareerended(Ali在運動生涯結束后仍然很受歡迎)。C選項說從拳擊退役后，他的聲望下降了,與原文不符。

2.語義題。Prolific形容intellectuals,原文第三段第二句wrote17books,fourjournalsandmanyotherscholarly

articles可知，這里要表達的是“豐富的才能,足智多謀”，productive最相符。

3.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到Jackie段落，JackieRobinsonbrokethecolorbarrier...firstblackbaseballplayer(JackieRobinson打破了膚色障礙,成為第一個黑人棒球運動員)。B選項與此不符。

4.細節(jié)歸納題。文中提到的每個名人在其領域都取得了巨大的成就并且被高度認可。

5.主旨大意題。本文只介紹了一些非裔美國人在政治和文化方面的生平事跡，但是并沒有著重于他們帶來的影響。

8.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問題1選項

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意：因為被研究的猴子已經(jīng)習慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項welcome“歡迎”；B選項ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無視”，選項B與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

9.單選題

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistcontinuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable,hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes,forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago,howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries,theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

1.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit（

）.

2.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,

（

）.

3.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（

）.

問題1選項

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

問題2選項

A.Mayleadtoantiscientific,“impure”results

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

問題3選項

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturalscience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

問題4選項

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

問題5選項

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).（為了使解釋盡可能簡單，假設科學被定義為分類知識）可知選D。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段可知，根據(jù)不同的目的，科學分為純科學與應用科學。純科學是為了滿足好奇心，應用科學是將知識用于特殊目的。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell（然而，人們應該記住，顯微鏡的構造必須先于細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)）及兩種科學的定義，可知顯微鏡屬于純科學，細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)屬于應用科學，即純科學先于應用科學，因此B選項“必然先于應用科學，導致細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，根據(jù)不同的目的，科學分為純科學與應用科學。純科學是為了滿足好奇心，應用科學是將知識用于特殊目的。由題干中的“interestedin”可知屬于為了滿足好奇心，因此選C。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries（許多致力于純科學的科學家并不為忽視他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的實際方面而被指責）可知A選項“從事理論研究的科學家不應被指責忽略其發(fā)現(xiàn)的實際方面”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了科學的目的與定義，以及兩種不同科學家研究科學的目的，因此A選項“科學與科學家的本質”符合題意。

10.單選題

Marysatatthetable,lookedattheplateand（

）herlips.

問題1選項

A.smacked

B.opened

C.parted

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。句意:瑪麗坐在桌旁，盯著盤子里的美食垂涎三尺。

Smackone’slips“舔（或砸）嘴唇（表示贊賞、滿意或垂涎）；發(fā)讒”。

11.單選題

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe（

）theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

問題1選項

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。adversity意為“困境，不幸”；substance意為“物質，材料”；depletion意為“消耗，用盡”；trauma意為“創(chuàng)傷”。

句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，貧困的母親有焦慮的癥狀，因為他們必須應對日常生活中的不幸，而不是因為真正的心理健康問題。

12.單選題

Businesstravelersusedtobethecashcowsofthehotelbusiness.Armedwithcorporatecreditcardsandexpenseaccounts,they'dhappilylaydownhundredsofdollarspernightfortheprivilegeofaGodivachocolateontheirpillowandasunkenwhirlpooltubintheirbathroom.Butjustasprolongedcorporatebelttighteninghasforcedroadwarriorstousebudgetairlines,moreandmoreofthemarenoweschewingfive-starlodginginfavorofcheaperaccommodations.Indeed,earlierthisyeartheU.S.-basedNationalBusinessTravelAssociationreleasedfiguresshowingthat61percentofcorporatetravelmanagersplannedtobooktheirpeopleintolower-pricedhotelsinthecomingyear.

Here'sthegoodnews:penny-pinchingistranslatingintobetterdealsatcheapandup-markethotelsalike.Servicesatmiddle-markethotelsarerisingtoaccommodateanewwaveofmoredemandingcorporatecustomers.Andluxuryhotelsareworkinghardertokeepbusinesstravelerscoming,offeringlowerrates,specialpackagesandextraservices.Eventhoughbusiness-travelvolumeissettorisebymorethan4percentin2004afterthreedismalyears,hotelswillcontinuetobeunderpressureinlargepartbecauseaweakdollarisforcingAmericanbusinesstravelerstosearchforvalue.

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