考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Backin1992,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemandinafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael’sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.DrAngristandDrLavycomparethetestscoresformathandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(ie,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses’teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.

Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthor,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

Thebottomline,saysDrAngrist,isthat“thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky”.Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsgovernments’packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison’spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.SchoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups.

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods.

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools.

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者提到愛(ài)迪生的預(yù)言，隨后指出“weallmakemistakes.”說(shuō)明愛(ài)迪生的這個(gè)預(yù)言是錯(cuò)誤的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容可知，發(fā)動(dòng)計(jì)算機(jī)項(xiàng)目是國(guó)家政府做的，兩位研究人員只是負(fù)責(zé)該項(xiàng)目的研究，所以選項(xiàng)C不正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由原文可知，作者提出了三種可能性，最后一種的可能性最大。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.”第三種解釋是最簡(jiǎn)單的：在教學(xué)中使用計(jì)算機(jī)并不比其他教學(xué)方法更好(也許更糟)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,...”要證明他們的觀點(diǎn)，唯一可靠的方法當(dāng)然是進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)难芯?。由此可推斷嗎，目前關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)难芯?，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文第一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者提到雖然愛(ài)迪生的預(yù)言是錯(cuò)誤的，但至少愛(ài)迪生沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)大量的公共資金在全國(guó)各地的學(xué)校里安裝電影屏幕。隨即在下文提到有的國(guó)家卻這樣做了，以及這樣做并沒(méi)有帶來(lái)好的反響。說(shuō)明作者對(duì)政府在學(xué)校里包裝電腦的態(tài)度是否定的，選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.單選題

WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan___EasternNebraska.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.does

C.itreceivesin

D.itdoesin

【答案】B

【解析】考查習(xí)慣表達(dá)?？崭裉幦笔У膬?nèi)容實(shí)際上指receiveslesssnow這件事，在英語(yǔ)中為了避免重復(fù)表達(dá)，會(huì)用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did表示前后一樣的動(dòng)作，根據(jù)主干謂語(yǔ)receives為第三人稱單數(shù)可知應(yīng)該使用does。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Alargeportionofthepopulationprefersthenon-medicationorientationofpsychology.Ifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.Thereislittlequestionthatpsychologists’prescriptionprivilegescouldhaveprofoundeffectsonthefuturedirectionoftheirprofession.

Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.DatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationrevealedthatpsychiatristsengagingsolelyinpsycho-therapeuticinterventionsearnapproximatelyone-thirdofwhatpsychiatristsdowhoevaluateandmedicatepatients.Thetemptationoffinancialrewardsmaylurepsychologiststoabandontraditionalpsychotherapeuticinterventionsinfavorofamedicalmodel.Itshouldbenoted,though,thatpsychologistsareout-producingpsychiatristsbyaboutthreefold,strongevidencethatthegeneralpublicprefersapsycho-therapeuticapproachoveramedicalone.

Somepsychologistsarguethatgainingtherighttoprescribepsychotropicmedicationwouldeliminatetheneedfortwopractitionersandalleviatetheaddedfinancialburdenplaceduponthepatients.Inthecaseofpsychologistswhosecaseloadsarehighgainingprescriptionprivilegesmayraisequestionsastowhethertheyshouldreferpatientstoanon-prescribingmentalhealthprofessionalfortherapybecausethesepsychologistsincreasinglyarefocusingonevaluationsandmedication,thuslimitingtheirtimeforpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.Psychotropicmedicationsarenotpurportedtocurementaldisordersand.inmostcases,suchdrugsareutilizedinconjunctionwiththerapyasthebestapproachtotreatingpatients.

Legalandethicalissuesassociatedwithpsychologists'prescribingprivilegeswilldependuponthelevelofpracticetheypursue.Inthepast,psychologistshadbeenrelativelyimmunefrommalpracticeliability.Allegationsthatimpropercarecausedinjuryaremoredifficulttoprovewhenpsychotherapyisthetreatmentofchoicebecausethestandardsoftenareambiguousandmentalinjuryisdifficulttoascertain.Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiieasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.

1.TheauthormentioneddatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationI(Paragraph2)inorderto（

）.

2.Itseemsthatifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications

（

）.

3.Malpracticeallegationswouldincreaseoncepsychologistsgainedtherighttoprescribebecause（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pointoutthemeritofthepsychologists'prescriptionprivileges

B.citeauthoritativeevidencetogainsupportformedicaltreatment

C.showwhysomepsychologistsareinfavorofgainingtherighttoprescribe

D.indicatethedifferentsituationfortwopractitioners

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theywouldhavemorepatientsandgetmorefinancialrewards

B.theywouldfindoutthebestapproachtocuringmentaldisorders

C.manyoftheirpatientswouldshouldermorefinancialburden

D.manyoftheirpatientswouldprefertraditionalpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.medicaldrugsmightcausegreatermentalinjury

B.patientswouldbemorelikelytogetphysicalharm

C.clientswouldfinditeasiertoproveinjurycausedbyimpropercare

D.psychologistswouldnolongerbeimmunefromprosecution

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thegeneralpublicshowsmorerespectforthosepsychologistswhoseldommedicatepatients

B.psychologists'prescriptionprivilegesremainadisputableissue

C.mostpsychiatristsaresatisfiedwiththeirearnings

D.psychotherapyshouldbethefirstchoicetotreatmentaldiseases

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由“Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.除了提高自尊，心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，處方特權(quán)會(huì)給他們帶來(lái)更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)?！笨芍恍┬睦磲t(yī)生更希望獲得處方權(quán)是因?yàn)檫@能給他們帶來(lái)更多的錢(qián)財(cái)報(bào)酬。之后作者用數(shù)據(jù)論證該論點(diǎn)。答案C

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?！癐fpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.如果心理學(xué)家開(kāi)始開(kāi)藥，許多尋求替代治療的患者可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向社會(huì)工作者或其他非醫(yī)療治療師?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從第四段“Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiteasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.當(dāng)人們選擇精神藥物學(xué)治療時(shí)，護(hù)理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更清晰，身體傷害的可能性更大，從而使原告更容易證明他們的指控。根據(jù)各州的情況，精神科醫(yī)療事故的發(fā)生率比精神科醫(yī)療事故的覆蓋率高24倍?！笨芍?dāng)心理學(xué)家獲得處方權(quán)，即成為精神藥物學(xué)家時(shí)，醫(yī)療事故的指控會(huì)增多，因?yàn)槿藗兏菀渍业接捎谧o(hù)理不當(dāng)對(duì)身體造成的傷害的控訴證據(jù)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:主旨大意題?？v觀全文，第一段提到了如果心理醫(yī)生獲得開(kāi)處方的權(quán)利，那么將會(huì)對(duì)這種職業(yè)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響，并且指出大部分人喜歡傳統(tǒng)的心理療法，而非藥物治療。第三段提到了藥物治療的好處，最后一段提到了藥物治療的弊端即造成醫(yī)療事故的控訴不斷增多。故作者認(rèn)為藥物治療是存在爭(zhēng)議的。B項(xiàng)正確。ACD三項(xiàng)在文中都未提及。

4.單選題

Galaxyclustersarethemostmassivestructuresintheuniverseandexertsuchapowerful（）pullthattheywarpthespacetimearoundthemandactascosmiclensesthatcanmagnify,distortandbendthelightbehindthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gravitational

B.exceptional

C.motivational

D.sensational

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)gravitational表示“重力的，引力的”；B選項(xiàng)exceptional表示“超常的，異常的，例外的”；C選項(xiàng)motivational表示“動(dòng)機(jī)的，激發(fā)性的”；D選項(xiàng)sensational表示“轟動(dòng)的，聳人聽(tīng)聞的，使人感動(dòng)的”。由句意可知，星系團(tuán)是宇宙中最巨大的結(jié)構(gòu)，它能產(chǎn)生巨大的引力，扭曲周圍的時(shí)空，就像宇宙透鏡一樣放大、扭曲和彎曲后面的光線。因此，A選項(xiàng)gravitational的含義最符合原文句意，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Television,themostpervasiveandpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyraidchangeandgrowth,ismovingintoaneweraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,madepossiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.

Theword“television”，derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(vision:sight)roots,canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireorcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings.

Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansoftransmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachesthemassesthroughbroad-basedairwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidesfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.

Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwithbroadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforthirtysevenyearsinaformsimilartowhatexiststoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpail,bythebroadcastnetworks,ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyorsofnews,information,andentertainment.Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghaveactuallyshapednotonlytelevisionbutourperceptionofitaswell.Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.

1.Withwhichtopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.Whatistheliteralmeaningoftheword“television”?

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassageasafunctionofelectronicsintelevision

transmissions?

4.Whatfieldoftelevisionisintendedforspecificgroups?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweenthetelevisionandits

viewerscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Recentchangesinmoderntechnology.?

B.Themarriageofbroadcastinggiants.

C.Theroleoftelevisionintoday’ssociety.

D.Thecontentofbroadcasttelevisionprograms.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mediumofthemasses

B.Sightfromadistance

C.Airwavetransmission

D.Vehicleforcommunication

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theconversionofimageintoelectronicimpulses.

B.Thesendingofimpulsesthroughawireorcable.

C.Thechangingofoneimageintoanotherimage.

D.Thefeedingofimpulsesintoareceiver.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Broad-based.

B.Reconstituted.

C.Traditional.

D.Non-broadcast.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Viewersdonottakeanactiveroleinwatchingtelevision.

B.Viewerswouldpreferincreasednewscoverage.

C.Viewersliketousetelevisiontoreachotherhumanbeings.

D.Viewershavegrowntiredoftelevision.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第三段起到了承上啟下的作用:Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings(電視不僅僅是一個(gè)電子系統(tǒng),它還是一種表達(dá)工具和傳播渠道。因此,電視成了一個(gè)對(duì)其他人發(fā)生影響的強(qiáng)大工具)。因此C項(xiàng)“電視在當(dāng)今社會(huì)里的角色”比較能概括文章大意。

2.詞義題。第二段指出:Theword“television”canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance(電視…可以從字面上理解為來(lái)自遠(yuǎn)方的景象)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“來(lái)自遠(yuǎn)方的景象”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成電子脈沖,B:通過(guò)電線或電纜發(fā)送電子脈沖,C:將一個(gè)圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成另外一個(gè)圖像,D:將脈沖送入接收機(jī)。第二段指出:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,oelectronicimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireorcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage(通過(guò)復(fù)雜的電子系統(tǒng),電視能夠?qū)⒁桓遍x像轉(zhuǎn)換成能經(jīng)過(guò)導(dǎo)線或電纜發(fā)送出去的電子脈沖信號(hào)。當(dāng)這些電子脈沖信號(hào)被輸入一部接收機(jī)(電視機(jī))吋,就可以用電子學(xué)的方法把脈沖信號(hào)重新恢復(fù)成同一幅圖像)。由此可知C項(xiàng)在文中未被提及。故選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出:Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidesfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques(第二類為非廣播電視,使用受控的發(fā)射技術(shù)來(lái)滿足個(gè)人以及某些特殊利益群體的需要)。因此答案為D項(xiàng)“非廣播類的”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer(我們漸漸把顯像管看作是娛樂(lè)的來(lái)源,讓自己成為這個(gè)生動(dòng)的媒介的被動(dòng)觀眾),由此可知A項(xiàng)“觀看者在觀看電視吋扮演被動(dòng)角色”正確。

6.單選題

HowmuchRobertSmith（

）,thegoalstayedunattained,buthestillwouldn'tgiveup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspired

B.endeavored

C.distressed

D.confused

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。inspire意為“激勵(lì)，鼓舞”；endeavor意為“努力，盡力，試圖”；distress意為“使悲傷，使苦惱”；confuse意為“使糊涂，使迷惑”。

句意：不管羅伯特?史密斯如何努力，他還是沒(méi)有達(dá)到目標(biāo)，但他還是不肯放棄。

7.單選題

TheGrand______intheUSAis1900metersdeepand25kilometerswideatitsmaximum.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Canyon

B.Ford

C.Abyss

D.Quarry

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Canyon大峽谷B.Ford淺灘

C.Abyss深淵，無(wú)底洞D.Quarry采石場(chǎng)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“intheUSAis1900metersdeepand25kilometerswide（在美國(guó)，它深1900米，寬25公里）”可知，句子前半部分涉及的是峽谷，巖壁一類的，而固定搭配“theGrandCanyon”可表示美國(guó)的科羅拉多大峽谷，因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)都不符合語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】美國(guó)大峽谷深1900米，最寬25公里。

8.單選題

ThelegendofPaulRevere'smidnightridethroughtheMassachusettscountrysidein1775isknowntomostAmericans,youngandold.Asthestorygoes,PaulReverewasasilversmithinBostonatthetimeoftheAmericanRevolution.WhenhelearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall,towarnthelocalrevolutionarysoldiersoftheplannedattack.Becauseofhiswarning(accordingtolegend)thestrugglingAmericancolonieswereabletodefeattheBritishinanimportantbattle.

OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere’sRide.Longfellowwrotethepoemin1861andithassincethenbecomeoneofthemostwell-knownandwell-lovedpoemsinthecountry.Thepoemcertainlycapturesthesenseofdangerandexcitement,metwithcourageandingenuitywhichmanyAmericansassociatewiththeAmericanRevolution.Itiseasytounderstandwhythepoemevokessuchalargeaudience.

However,Longfellow'spoemcontainsanumberofhistoricalerrors.AccordingtoLongfellow'spoem,PaulRevereinstructedafriendtowatchthemovementoftheBritishtroopsanddeterminewhethertheymarchedinlandortowardstheirboats.ThefriendwasthentohanglanternsinthetoweroftheOldChurchinBoston:onelanterniftheBritishmarchedbylandandtwolanternsiftheymarchedbysea.Theexpression"oneifbylandandtwoifbysea,"takenfromLongfellow'spoem,hasbecomeverypopularandisoftenquoted.Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.First,thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,whichisinacompletelydifferentpartofBostonandwouldnothavebeenvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint.Second,Longfellowconfusedthemeaningofthenumberoflanternstobehung:theactualarrangementwas"twoifbylandandoneifbysea.”

NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.ItseemsasthoughLongfellowchosetoemphasizetheideaofoneloneherostrugglingagainstmanyopposingforces,withonlyhisownabilitiestorelyon.Butactually,PaulReverewasonlyoneofthreeridersdelegatedtowarntheRevolutionarysoldiersaboutthecomingattack.

SomepeoplefeelthatLongfellow'serrorsareinsignificant,andthattheidealsofcourageandcunningaretheimportantfeaturesofboththepoemandthehistoricaleventswhichinspiredit.Butothersfeelthat,whileitprobablymakeslittledifferencehowmanylanternswerehungfromwhichchurchtower,thepoem'semphasisonthesolitaryherorunscountertothemostvaluableideainthepoem:theideaofunityandcooperationinthefaceofdanger.Criticsofthepoemraiseanimportantquestion:Longfellow'spoemtellsafamousstory,andtellsitpowerfully—butisittherightstory?

1.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPaulRevereisTRUE?

2.PaulRevereRODETHROUGHMiddlesexCountybecausehewantedtowarnthelocaltownspeoplethat（）

3.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthefactorsthatcontributetothepopularityofthestoryofPaulRevere?

4.Accordingtothearticle,whattheopponentsofLongfellow'spoemreallymean（）

5.ThelanternhungfromthetowerofOldNorthChurch（）

6.TheauthorthinksthatLongfellow'spoem（）

7.Theauthor'sattitudetowardLongfellow'spoemis（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.

B.PaulRevererodeonhorsebackallaloneinMassachusetts.

C.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishtroops.

D.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishpeople.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theBritishweregoingtostealtheirsilver

B.theBritisharmywasgoingtoattackthem

C.theBritishweregoingtoplunderthetown

D.theyshouldescapefromtheBritishsoldiersbyseainsteadofrunningawayoverland

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Longfellow'spoem"PaulRevere'sRide".

B.PaulRevere'scourageandbravery.

C.TheimportanteventoftheAmericanRevolution.

D.Animportantquestionraisedbycriticsofthepoem.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.areallminor

B.makehispoemunpopular

C.mayconfusepeopleabouttheimportantideasbehindthehistoricaleventsonwhichthepoemisbased

D.showthatLongfellowdidnotcarehowmanyorfromwhichchurchtowerlanternswerehung

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint

B.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbyland

C.isoneofmanyinaccuraciesinLongfellow'spoem

D.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbysea

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.hashelpedtopublicizethestoryofPaulRevere

B.containsbothmajorandminorhistoricalinaccuracies

C.mayemphasizethewrongfeaturesofthestory

D.alloftheabove

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.largelysatirical

B.partiallycritical

C.fairlyappreciative

D.veryironical

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“helearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall.”他（PaulRevere）得知英軍計(jì)劃進(jìn)攻米德?tīng)柸怂箍さ某擎?zhèn)和村莊、農(nóng)舍和村堂。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere,sRide.”傳說(shuō)如此流行的一個(gè)原因可能是它通過(guò)亨利?沃茲沃斯?朗費(fèi)羅的紀(jì)念詩(shī)《騎馬飛奔的保羅里維爾》得到了公眾的關(guān)注。選項(xiàng)A正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，有人認(rèn)為，這首詩(shī)對(duì)孤獨(dú)英雄的強(qiáng)調(diào)與詩(shī)中最有價(jià)值的理念背道而馳：面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)團(tuán)結(jié)合作的理念。這首詩(shī)的評(píng)論家提出了一個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題：朗費(fèi)羅的詩(shī)講述了一個(gè)著名的故事，而且講述得很有力——但這是正確的故事嗎？也就是說(shuō)這首詩(shī)所依據(jù)的歷史事件背后的重要思想可能會(huì)讓人們感到困惑。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“OldNorthChurch”定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句“thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,...”這是對(duì)上句“Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.”的舉例。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

第6題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Onereasonforthepopularity...,PaulRevere’sRide.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第四段的第一句“NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Somepeople...whichinspiredit.”有些人認(rèn)為朗費(fèi)羅的錯(cuò)誤不重要，勇敢和狡猾的理想是這首詩(shī)的重要特征，也是激發(fā)它的歷史事件的重要特征。選項(xiàng)C正確。所以本題選D。

第7題:作者態(tài)度題。本文前半部分講述了朗費(fèi)羅的詩(shī)的積極的一面，接下來(lái)花了大量的篇幅講述了詩(shī)里的錯(cuò)誤，最后一段更是提到懷疑這首詩(shī)所依據(jù)的歷史事件的真實(shí)性。文中沒(méi)有諷刺的意味，而是部分批判，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

9.單選題

Peoplewithmoretimidpersonalitiesmustbeencouragedto（

）andtogiveorders.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getthrough

B.playsafe

C.takecharge

D.standby

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。getthrough“通過(guò)，完成”；playsafe“謹(jǐn)慎行事”；takecharge“掌管，負(fù)責(zé)”；standby“袖手旁觀”。句意為：必須鼓勵(lì)那些更加靦腆的人擔(dān)起責(zé)任并發(fā)號(hào)施令。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

Thekneeisthejoint（

）thethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.where

C.why

D.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞thejoint是從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，表示連接的地方。句意：膝蓋是大腿骨和小腿脛的連接處。

11.單選題

ThefieldofsociologyintheUnitedStatesdevelopedasaresultofasocialexperiencewhichhadverylittletodowiththepoliticalandideologicalcontroversiesthatstimulatedsociologyinFranceandGermany.Rather,thedisciplineevolvedasaresultoftheexperiencesassociatedwiththeproblemsofanimmigrantsocietycaughtintheturmoilofrapidindustrializationandurbangrowth.Indeed,itmustbeemphasizedthatfromitsbeginning,sociologyhashadaverypracticalinterest,whichwascharacterizedlessbypoliticaldivisivenessthanbysocialreformandsocialwork.Thispracticalemphasisinthedisciplinehascontinuedtopersisttothepresent.IthasonlybeensinceWorldWarⅡ，however,thattherehasexistedsomethinginAmericanhighereducationthatcouldbeproperlytermeda“sociologicalestablishment”orahighlyrespectedacademicfieldofstudy.Itsmajorstrengthasanacademicdisciplineresultedfromitsempiricalandsophisticatedapproachtotheidentificationandsolutionofpracticalbuthighlysignificantsocialproblems.

Today，whatdoestheacademicsociologistdo?Professionalsociologistsareindividualswhostudyandteachaboutsocieties，socialinstitutions，andthepatternsofhumaninteractionandhumanbehavior.Asascientificdiscipline，sociologymaybedividedintothreebroad,analyticalfields:thestudyofgroups;institutionsanalysis;andthestudyofthesocialstructureingeneral.Thus,thecontentoftherapidlyexpandingdisciplineofsociologyisbaseduponcultureandsociety，withemphasisplaceduponthestudyofthevarioustypesofinteractionandrelationshipswhichexistamongindividualsandhumangroups.Inthestudyofsuchareasassocialorganizationanddisorganization,sociologistsattemptedtoexplaintheevolutionandchangeofsocialinstitutionsandthechangingnatureofhumanattitudinalandvaluesystems.Amongtheselectedtopicsofinvestigationincludedwithinthestudyofsociologyarethechangingnatureoffamilylife，institutionallife,sexualattitudes,crimeandviolence，religiousvalues,andtheentiregamutofinterpersonalrelationshipsinpoliticsandgovernment.Indeed，manyoftheareaswhichprofessionalsociologistsstudyare,bytheirverynature,relativelyfamiliartomanyofuseventhoughtheyarenotclearlyunderstood.Thebasichypothesesofthediscipline—thatsociallife(bothgroupandindividualbehavior)ispatterned；thatvalueandattitudesarelearned,reinforced,andshared;thatweasindividualsare,inmanyrespects，whatothersconsiderustobe—areideaswhichmostpeoplenowinstinctivelyacceptinordertoliveandfunctionasmembersofsociety.Thesetopics,whichemphasizeindividualandgroupbehaviorprocesses,then,compriseareasofconcernforsociologyasoneofthebehaviorsciencedisciplines.

DuringtheselastdecadesofthetwentiethcenturyadvancedWesternsocietywillcontinuetobeconfrontedwithcrucialsocialissuesinthecontextofbothindividualandgroupbehaviorpatternsresultingfromcontinuedrapidtechnologicalexpansion.Thesolutiontotheproblemplaguingourcomplexsocietywillbecome，toamuchgreaterextent,theprimaryresponsibilityofsociology,socialpsychology,andculturalanthropology,thethreemajoracademicdisciplinescomprisingthebehavioralsciences.Thistrendisbeingwitnessedcurrentlybytheincreasingnumbersofbehaviorals