高考英語(yǔ)句型專題：動(dòng)詞句型分類總結(jié)講義

動(dòng)詞句型概說(shuō)13.1.1英語(yǔ)的基本句型1）語(yǔ)言是千變?nèi)f化的，要掌握語(yǔ)言，必須掌握語(yǔ)言的核心。動(dòng)詞句型可說(shuō)是語(yǔ)言的核心，是骨干。綱舉則目張。因此要對(duì)應(yīng)于有比較全面的了解，應(yīng)當(dāng)抓住英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句型（EnglishVerbPatterns）.掌握好這些基本句型，就可為靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言打下基礎(chǔ)。2）英語(yǔ)頭五種基本句型：（1）主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞Everybodysmiled.(2)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)：Heknowseverything.(3)主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)：Ishowedhimmypassport.(4)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：Whatmadeyouangry?13.1.2動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1）擔(dān)任謂語(yǔ)的可以是一個(gè)單一的動(dòng)詞：Whoknows?2)也可以是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（VerbalPhrase）:Ihavebeenreading(anovel).3)也可以是成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（PhrasalVerb）:Jane’slookingafterthechildren.因此談到動(dòng)詞時(shí)就有這三種可能。13.1.3每個(gè)形式都可有多種表示法句子的成分常有多種表示法，例如賓語(yǔ)就可以有多種形式：名詞或代詞：Loveme,lovemydog.2)數(shù)詞：Iwanttwo.3)動(dòng)名詞：Sheloveswindow-shopping.4)不定式：Ihopetoseeyouagain.5)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：Iwishyouhappy.6)從句：Isupposeyou’reright.7)連詞+不定式：I’llshowyouhowtodoit.其他成分如表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)也有多種形式，因此實(shí)際動(dòng)詞句型不知五個(gè)，而是四十多個(gè)。13.1.4修飾語(yǔ)1）許多名詞和代詞常有不少修飾語(yǔ)，成為定語(yǔ)?？蓳?dān)任定語(yǔ)的有：a.數(shù)詞：Fivepeoplewereinjured.b.代詞：Hemustmarryher,thereisnootheralternative.c.形容詞（包括合成形容詞）：Yournephewisanicelittleboy.d.名詞會(huì)名詞所有格：Hemajorsincomputerscience.e.介詞短語(yǔ)：Myloveforyouisdeeperthanthesea.f.不定式：Thereisnoneedtoworryatall.g.分詞和動(dòng)名詞：Whataretheissuesfactingtheworkstoday?h.副詞：Isthereanythingonaftersupper？從句：I’lldoallIcantohelpyou.2)動(dòng)詞也有修飾語(yǔ)。成為狀語(yǔ)，也可以有許多成分擔(dān)任：a.副詞：Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.b.介詞短語(yǔ)：Amotherlovesababyfromthebottomofherheart.c.不定式：I,msorrytobotheryouwithallthis.d.單詞：Romeo,believingthatJulietwasdead,decidedtokillhimself.e.形容詞：Shegavehimtheovercoat,anxioustobeofservice.f.詞組：Hethoughtaboutitdayandnight.g.復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：Theweatherbeingsonice,wedidn’twanttostayindoors.h.從句：I’llfindherwherevershemaybe.i.名詞：Sheisfeelingmilesbettertoday.正因?yàn)橛羞@些修飾語(yǔ)，陰雨就變得豐富多彩。如果說(shuō)動(dòng)詞句型是軀干，修飾語(yǔ)就是枝葉，基本句型是骨架，各類修飾語(yǔ)是血肉。這兩者是相輔相成的，片面強(qiáng)調(diào)一方面對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是不利的，在初學(xué)階段掌握基本句型至關(guān)重要，腦中有一個(gè)全圖，有明確的結(jié)構(gòu)概念，添枝加葉就不難了。按這樣的規(guī)律安排句子，句子就可以比較平穩(wěn)的站起來(lái)，然后在充實(shí)血肉，就相對(duì)比較容易了。13.2第一類句型----主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞13.2.1主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞（1）Thesunisrising.Wewaitedandwaited.Theblinddonotsee.MayIgo?I’lltry.13.2.2主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+狀語(yǔ)（2）Didyousleepwell?Sheisstudyinghardattheuniversity.Sheswimslikeafish.Themanthenwalkedoff.Herlecturelastedanhour.13.2.3主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞（構(gòu)成成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）（3）TheeconomiccrisisbrokeoutfirstintheUnitedState.Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?Theconcertcameoffwell.Thebabyiscomingonwell.Theschemefellthrough.13.2.4主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞（有被動(dòng)意思）Thedoorblewopen.Cheesecutseasily.Shephotographswell.Silkstainseasily.Hereyesfilledwithtears.Thevegetablesarecooking.13.3第二類句型-----主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)13.3.1主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+名詞（代詞）（5）1）“主+謂+賓”可能是英語(yǔ)中最常見的句型，在多數(shù)情況下賓語(yǔ)有名詞或代詞表示：Doyouknowthesepeople?Helovedpoem.Haveyouorderedyourmeal?Silencemeansconsent.Theyfoundacureforcancer.2)有些動(dòng)詞和名詞構(gòu)成一種習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)（I地歐盟），有特別的意思：Don’tcatchcold.Thistheorydoesn’tholdwater.Makehaste,orweshallbelate.She’salwaysmakingafuss.Healwaystakespainswithhiswork.13.3.2主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+自身代詞(6)1)大量動(dòng)詞可以用自身代詞作賓語(yǔ)：Ican’texpressmyselfinEnglish.Hereproachedhimselfforhisrudeness.Heoftencontradicts.Icansupportmyself.Don’tdeceiveyourself.有些成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后也可跟自身代詞：Lookafteryourself.2)“動(dòng)詞+自身代詞”可構(gòu)成固定詞組：Don’toverworkyourself.Helpyourselftoabeer.Don’tstrainyourselftalking,dear.3)有些動(dòng)詞后可跟自身代詞，也可以不跟：Goandwashyourself,Tom.Imustwashbeforedinner.13.3.3主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+同源賓語(yǔ)（7）有些動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，都可用一個(gè)與同源的名詞構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)，這種賓語(yǔ)稱為同源賓語(yǔ)（CognateObject）:Alicelaughedascornfullaugh.Sheclosedhereyesandwishedawish.Hesaidhissayandthensatdown.13.3.4主語(yǔ)+成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞大體上有下面六類;及物動(dòng)詞+副詞（8）：Hehandedinhisresignationthismorning.Crossoutthosetwosentences.Overworkbroughtoninsomnia.副詞有時(shí)可放到賓語(yǔ)后面去：I’mnotputtingmymeaningacrossverywell.I’llthinkitover.這類句子也可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：Themeetinghasbeenputoff.Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.Aguerillawarfarewascarriedonsuccessfullythere.2)不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞（9）：Wemustabidebytherulesofthegame.Theywillnotagreetothatagreement.Idon’tobjecttotheidea.Hethoughtofhisboyhood.個(gè)別這種動(dòng)詞也可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：Theboywaslookedafterbyherlittlesister.不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞+名詞（10）：Thusthefirstworkers’leaguecameintobeing.Thetreatywillcomeintoforcenextmonth.Don’tstandonceremony.Don’tfallintobadhabits.在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中雖然介詞后有賓語(yǔ)，但整個(gè)成語(yǔ)卻接近于一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，后面沒有句子賓語(yǔ)，為了方便列在這里，放在13.2.3節(jié)后也可以。4）不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞（11）：Weshouldn’tlookdownonthiswork.Wemustfaceuptoourdifficulties.Hedoesn’tfeeluptothejob.5)及物動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞（12）：Payattentiontoyourgrammar.I’lltakecareofit.We’vetouchwithhim.Shealwaystakesparticularnoticeofme.HemadenoreferencetoPeter.這類成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用語(yǔ)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：Preparationarebeingmadeforthesportsmeet.Noreferencewasmadebyanyonetothepast.6)及物動(dòng)詞+自身代詞+介詞（13）：Finallyheavengedhimselfontheenemy.Sheabandonedherselftodespair.Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.Theynolongertroubledthemselvesabouthim.Youmustreconcileyourselftoalifeofhardshipandpoverty.13.3.5主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+不定式（作賓語(yǔ)）1）有大量及物動(dòng)詞可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)（14）：Someoneisaskingtoseeyou.Ican’tbeartoseeyoulikethis.Shehatedtolosehertemper.Youmusttrytoimprove.關(guān)于這種結(jié)構(gòu)可參閱12.1.4節(jié)。2）有些動(dòng)詞后可用連接副詞（代詞）和不定式一道構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)：（15）Youmustlearnwhentogiveadviceandwhentobesilent.Askhimwheretogo.Heforgetwhichwaytogo.13.3.6主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)名詞（作賓語(yǔ)）（16）Wouldyoumindwaitingafewminutes?Ipreferstanding.Shecouldnothelpfeelingdepressed.13.3.7主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+that引導(dǎo)的從句（作賓語(yǔ)）（17）1）有大量動(dòng)詞可以跟that引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語(yǔ)（that有時(shí)可以省略）：Iguesswe’llleavenow.IhopethatIhavesaidnothingtopainyou.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.Heclaimedthathesawtheaccident.關(guān)于那些動(dòng)詞后可跟這種成分作賓語(yǔ)，可參閱第18.2.1節(jié)。2）在某些動(dòng)詞后，從句中謂語(yǔ)（在美國(guó)）用動(dòng)詞原型，在英國(guó)多用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)（用動(dòng)詞原形的人也不少）：SheinsistedthatI(should)present.Theydemandedthattherighttovote(should)begiventoeveryasult.ThesituationrequiresthatI(should)bethere.Iorder(commanded)thatwe(should)attackatonce.注：有時(shí)可用先行詞it作形式上的賓語(yǔ)，而把賓語(yǔ)移到句子后部去：Itakeityouhavebeenout.IhaveitonmyconsciencethatIoffendedyou.13.3.8主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+連接副（代）詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：1）有不少動(dòng)詞后面可跟連接副（代）詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：Ididn’tknowwheretheyhadgone.Idon’tcarewhattheysay.Hejustsaidhowhelookedatit.Canyoutellwhichiswhich?2有些動(dòng)詞后可以跟由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的從句：Iwonderwhether(if)youcouldgivemesomeadvice.I’llseewhetherIcanfindtimetodoit.I’llfindoutifshe’sinterestedingoing.有些賓語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞型的what及whatever這類詞引導(dǎo)（19）I’lltellyouwhatIhear.I’lldowhatIcan.Whateverhedoes,hedoeswell.13.4第三類句型------主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)13.4.1主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+名詞或代詞+名詞（20）這類句型主要有三種：某些動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的間接賓語(yǔ)可改為to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)：Shegavemehertelephonenumber.Pleasethrowmethekey.Theyneverdeniedusassistance.I’llphoneherthenews.2)某些動(dòng)詞引起間接賓語(yǔ)可改為由for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)：I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.Pleasechoosemeagoodone.Thatwillsaveusalotoftrouble.3)有些動(dòng)詞后的間接賓語(yǔ)不能改為to或for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)：Sheflunghimascornfullook(ascornfullookathim).Shekissedhermothergoodbye.Imeanyounoharm.Theyforgavehimhiscrimes.13.4.2主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+名詞或代詞+從句1）這類句子中的從句多數(shù)由that引導(dǎo)（that有時(shí)省略）（21）：TellhimI’mout.IpromiseyouI’llneverconcealanythinganymore.Ihavewarnedhimthatitisnotallowed.2)也有些從句由連接副詞（代詞）或連詞whether（if）引導(dǎo)（22）：Ican’ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobeheretonight.Writemehowyougotthough.Pleaseadvisemewhether(if)Ioughttogowiththem.3)有時(shí)從句也可以由關(guān)系代詞型的what或whatever引導(dǎo)（23）：Showmewhatyoubought.I’lltellyouwhatIreadIreadintoday’spaper.13.5第四類句型——主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)13.5.1主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞（24）這是最常見的句型之一，共有下面幾種情況：1）有些系動(dòng)詞表示處于某種狀態(tài)：“Howareyou?”“I’mfine.”“你好嗎？”“我挺好?！盨hefeltabitdizzy.You’renotlookingverywell.Thedishsmellsgood.Themedicinetastedawful.Thereportsoundstrue.Heseemedquitenormal.Sheappearedcalm.2）有些系動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)的改變或證明如何：Graduallyhebecamesilent.Whenshesawthis,sheturnedred.Theweatherisgettingquitewarm.Theseaisgrowingcalm.Shewentpaleatthenews.Thingswillcomerightintheend.Whenhesawthis,hisbloodrancold.Hehasfallenill.Hisadviceprovedsound.3）有些系動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)的繼續(xù)：Sheremainedcomparativelycalm.Theystayedawaketoseetheeclipse.Jennie,alone,keptsilent.Histempercontinuedveryuncertain.Thislawholdsgood.4）有些系動(dòng)詞后面可跟現(xiàn)在分詞（a）或過(guò)去分詞（b）（其中很多已變成形容詞）：a.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Thosechocolatessmelltempting.Sheremainedstandingforagoodhour.Sheseemedlackinginenthusiasm.b.Shealwaysseemspleased,happyandcontented.Hefelttroubledanddistressed.Shedidn’tlookconvinced.關(guān)于這種用法可參閱12.3.2節(jié)和12.4.2節(jié)。5）在個(gè)別不及物動(dòng)詞后也可跟一形容詞做表語(yǔ)：Theprisonerbrokefree.Themorningdawnedbright.Manytalentedpeoplediedyoung.Istandpreparetodisputeit.Heplayeddead.這類表語(yǔ)接近于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)。13.5.2主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+名詞（代詞）（25）1）有許多系動(dòng)詞后面可跟名詞（代詞）作表語(yǔ)：Thatgirlismyfiancée.Hisdreamhasatlastbecomeareality.Wecanremainfriends.Heappearedafool.Hefallavictimtohercharms.2)有少數(shù)其他動(dòng)詞后面也可跟名詞做表語(yǔ)：Hediedamartyrathispost.Istillstandyourfriend.Theypartedthebestoffriend.Don’tactthefool.3)有些名詞可做表語(yǔ)，意思接近于形容詞：Hewasallattention(sweetness).Shewasalltears(smiles).Heisskinandbones.Allthisisnouse.Iamnotfoolenoughtobelievethat.Whatnationalityisthisman?13.5.3主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+副詞（26）1）動(dòng)詞be可跟許多副詞做表語(yǔ)：IsHelenin?Ihavebeenoutforawalk.Shehadbeenawayforalongtrip.Whenwillyoubeback?2)還有少數(shù)其它系動(dòng)詞也可以這樣用：Ifeeldowntoday.You’dbetterkeepawayfromthatchap.Idon’tfeelupwiththelongjourney13.5.4主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ)（27）1）大部分介詞都可引導(dǎo)短語(yǔ)做表語(yǔ)：Iwanttoconsultyou.It’saboutmyboy.Youknowwhatyouareafter.Iwasatalosswhattosay..Shewasbesideherselfwithjoy.Todothisisquitebeyondmypower.Whomisthatbookby?Shewasforabandoningtheproject.ThismusicisfromoneofMozart’soperas.Thesemobilephonesareingreatdemand.Ihadonlybeeninsidetheirhouseonce.Sheislikeanarcissustremblinginthewind.CorkStreetwasnearBondStreet.Hewasofanexcitabletemperature.Sheisoffsmoking.Heisoutofworkatpresent.Theworkerswereonstrike.Theyhadbeenthroughalotofhardships.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Allthechildrenwereunderseven.Annawaswithchildagainnow.Thetaskisnotwithinmypowers.Hisfacewaswithoutexpression.2)一些其他系動(dòng)詞也可跟這種表語(yǔ)：Theyremainedinsadpoverty.Heseemedonthewatchtocontrolhimself.Keepoffthegrass.Helookedinsplendidhealth.Ithasgrownoutofdata.Theyrunoutofpetrol.IwishIcouldgetoutofdebt.3)這類結(jié)構(gòu)后可能還跟另一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)：Heisinchargeofthetradeunionwork.Heisincommandofthefirstdivision.Theseballadsareofspecialinteresttous.HisactionsarenotIkeepingwithhispromises.Wearealwaysonthelookoutfornewbusinessopportunities.Thestudentsareinfavourofreform.Thisbookmaybeofusetoyou.Wewerecompletelyatalossforananswer.Hewasonthepointofleavingwhenthephonerang.Wemustgetintouchwithher.Soonhefellinlovewithher.Heseemedoutoftouchwiththeoutsideworld.13.5.5主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+不定式（28）1)有時(shí)可用不定式作表語(yǔ)：Hisplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.Theiraimwastmodernizetheiragriculture.Yourjobistomakesurethattheworkisfinishedontime.Mydutyistogetyouaway,tosaveyou.Hispurposewastobecomeasurgeon.Theirgoalwastoeradicatemalaria.Themainobjectiveofthispolicyistoreduceunemployment.Myambitionistobecomeapilot.Myonlywishistodowhat’sbestforyou.Theproblemwastofindtherightplacequickly.Myadvicetoyouistospeakthetruth.Theonlythingnowistotakeataxi.2)不定式有時(shí)需用被動(dòng)形式：Thesebooksaretobereadforpleasure.Surelyshewastobetrusted.Thishouseistobelet.13.5.6主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)名詞（29）1)系動(dòng)詞be后面有時(shí)可跟動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)：Herhobbyiscollectingstamps.Hisoccupationwasteaching.Myjobisrepairingcars.Hermaininterestisplayingtennis.Myfavoritesportisswimming.Ourproblemisnothavingsufficientfund.Hisweaknessinnothavingenoughconfidenceinhimself.Theirfavouritepastimeisplayingchess.2)有時(shí)這樣和表語(yǔ)都是動(dòng)名詞：Buyingsuchawhiteelephantissimplywastingmoney.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.13.5.7主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+從句1)最常見的這類表語(yǔ)時(shí)that引導(dǎo)的從句（that有時(shí)省略）（30）Theirfirstideawasthathehadhiddenit.Myopinionisthattheplanwon'twork.Hisviewisthatit’sbetternottoincreaseinvestments.Thefactis,Ineverlikedhim.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.ThereasonformylatenessisthatImissedmybus.Theonlytroubleistheplanwon'twork.WhatsurprisedmewasthathespokeEnglishsowell.2)有些作表語(yǔ)的從句由連接代詞（副詞）引導(dǎo)（31）：Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.Theproblemiswhocanbeputinchargeofthejob.WhatIwanttoknowishowwecansolvethefuelproblem.That’swherewediffer.That’showIlookatit.That’swhyIcameround.Thecoatiswhereyouleftit.Apriliswhenthelilacsbloom.3)從句有的關(guān)系代詞型的what引導(dǎo)（32）：That’swhatIwishtodo.That’swhatI'mherefor.Poweriswhattheyareafter.Timesaren’twhattheywere.13.5.8主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞短語(yǔ)（33）1)這種結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)非常多的，“be+形容詞+介詞”已成為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞：Shewasafraidof(=feared)snakes.Weareshortof(=lack)funds.Sheisfondofthiscountry.Iwasfrightenedofratsthen.Hewasveryconsciousofhisshortcomings.Shewasdelightedwiththeboat.Weareverypleasedwithournewhouse.IhavealwaysbeeninterestedinChinesehistory.I'mratherproudofthisplace.I'mtiredoflivingabroad.Iwassickoflyinginbed.Shewasdisappointedwithhim(attheoutcomeofthetalks).Wewereconfidentofhisability(inthefuture).Hewasworriedaboutyou.I'mignorantofmathematics(whathappened).He'swellqualifiedforthejob.I'mnotequaltotheposition.Idon’tbelieveheiscapableofwinningit.I'msurprised(amazed)athisattitude.Theseplansaresubjecttotheirapproval.2)一些其他系動(dòng)詞也可用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)：Shelookedastonishedatthenews.I'vegot(become)usedtovegetariandiet(hardwork).Hefeelsconfidentofpassingtheexamination.I'vegrownaccustomedtotraveling.Theyseemdelightedwiththeresult.We’rerunningshortoffunds.Sheremainedignorantofwhathadhappened.Heprovedquiteequaltothetask.Yourexamresultsfellshortofourexpectations.13.5.9主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+不定式（34）I'mgladtohavetheopportunityoftalkingtoyou.Iwasverysorrytohearthatyouwereill.I'mhappytomeetyou.I'manxioustovisityourcountry.Shewaseagertoseeherpeople.Hewaskeentovisitchina.He'salwaysreadytohelppeople.We’reproudtobeChinesecitizens.They’reallwillingtohelp.I'minclinedtothinkshe'sright.Wearedeterminedtofollowhisexample.Theyarepreparedtomakeconcessions.Shewasafraidtotellyou.Hewasreluctanttogowiththem.Glassisliabletobreak.Heiscontenttoliveasimplelife.13.5.10主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+從句1)這類結(jié)構(gòu)用that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)較多（that有時(shí)省略）（35）：I'mafraidthereissomesortofmisunderstanding.I'mawfullysorrythatthishasoccurred.I'mgladyouhavecome.I'msurehemeantwell.Iamcertain(positive)thathehadseenme.He'sconfidentthathewillpasstheexam.I'mconvincedthatheknewthetruth.Youmustbeawarethatwhatyouaredoingisillegal.Hewasdelightedthatweweresuccessfulinourexperiment.I'mdisappointedthatyoucannotcome.I'msurprised(astonished)hedidn’tcome.Hewasthankfulthatthejourneywasover.Theywerehopefulthattheywillwinthechampionship.Hesuddenlybecameconsciousthatsomeonewaslookingathim.Theteamfeelsproudthatithaswoneverymatchthisyear.I'mirritatedthatheissosrubborn.2)有時(shí)從句由連接代（副）詞引導(dǎo)（36）：We’renotclearyetwhatthey'reupto.IwasnotsurewhatIoughttodo.He'sdoubtfulwhetherhecanaffordit.Shewasnotaware(of)howmuchherhusbandearned.Iamnotcertainwhoheis.I'mworried(about)howthemoneywasspent.Theywereuncertainwhethertheycouldfindtimetodoit.I'mundecidedwhethertogotoFranceorItalyformyholidays.13.6第五類句型——主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)13.6.1主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）（37）1)這類句子很多，最常用的跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞大致有下面這些（見紅色部分）：Hefoundhisnewjobratherboring.Sitdownandmakeyourselfcomfortable.Hegothisclotheswet.Shepaintedthewallslightblue.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.Ithoughthersoniceandsincere.Ifeltmyselfunworthyofthepraise.Doyouconsiderhimtrustworthy?Shedyedherhairbrown.Finallytheysethimfree.Theaccusedmandeclaredhimselfinnocent.Theydidn’tbelievesuchathingpossible.Ilikemyteaveryhot(strong).Shepushedthedooropen.Hebeatherblackandblue.Thenoisewasdrivinghimmad(crazy).Factshaveprovedtheseworriesgroundless.Iwishyouwell.Hecountedhimselffortunatetohavesuchanopportunity.Theymayholdyouresponsiblefortheconsequence.2)有時(shí)可用it作形式上的賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)放后面去，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的可以是不定式(a)或是從句(b):Ifeltitnecessarytomakeeverythingclear.Theyjudgeditbettertoputthemeetingoff.Idon’tthinkitpossibletofinisheverythinginoneweek.Hefounditdifficulttosatisfytheirneeds.Shedeemeditunwisetoquitnow.GermanymadeitclearthatshewouldsupportOPEC.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstaywithus.Theykeptitquietthathewasdead.Ithinkitlikelythatwewillgetacertainamountofmoney.13.6.2主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+名詞（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）（38）1)這種結(jié)構(gòu)也相當(dāng)多：TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.TheynamedthecityLeningrad.Weelectedsmithourchairman.Allworkandnoplaymakesjackadullboy.Theyappointedhimchairmanofthecommittee.Thepresidentnominatedhimambassadortochina.Weallconsiderthebookamasterpiece.Thedoctorthoughtthatagoodsign.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.Shelleycountedthisexperienceapartofhiseducation.TheychristenedtheshipthequeenMary.Thekingdubbedhimaknight.Weallvotedthetripagreatsuccess.Inowpronounceyoumanandwife.Thepeopleacclaimedhimking.Thejudgedeclaredthecontestatie.2)這類動(dòng)詞后也可用先行詞it作形式上的賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)放到句子的后部去：Hefeltithisdutytomentionthistoher.Hemadeitaruletogojoggingeverymorning.Wethoughtitourdutytohelpthem.Iconsideritaprivilegetoworkinyourcountry.Ishallalwayscountitanhonourtohaveknownyou.Ifeltitaterriblethingthatyoumothershouldhavetotoilsoendlessly.3)這類句子也?？捎糜诒粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（后面部分可說(shuō)是復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)）：Thisiscallednumericalcontrol.Thebookisentitled“pilgrim’sprogress”.Hewasvotedamodelworker.Theplaymaybetermedatragic-comedy.ShewaschristenedJanet.Shewasnicknamed“l(fā)ittlerabbit”.13.6.3主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）（39）1)這類句子中的介詞短語(yǔ)為賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，和賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，不少動(dòng)詞后可跟這類結(jié)構(gòu)：Ifoundherinbetterspiritswhenwemetagain.Theykepthimincustody.Heputhisbooksinorder.Thenewsofhissafearrivalsetmymindatrest.Thestrikelefttherailwaysysteminconfusion.Theyallheldhimingreatesteem(contempt).Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.Theyalwaysconsiderthemselvesintheright.Theysoongotthefireundercontrol.Hewishedhimselfoutoftheaffair.Thiswillbringusallintoharmony.Shecriedherselftosleepatlast.Theydeclaredthemselvesfor(against)theplan.Shetriedtotalkherhusbandoutofgoing.We’llbegladtohelpthemovertheirdifficulties.2)這類句子也可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，下面斜體部分可說(shuō)是復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：Thethiefwasfoundinpossessionofalargequantityofstolenproperty.Hewaskeptincustodyfortwodays.Shewassoonsetatliberty.Thetreatyisstillconsideredinforce.Thoseregulationswillbeputintoforcenextweek.Iwasleftwithoutarayofhope.Thefirewassoongotundercontrol.Itwastakenforgrantedthattheywouldcomeandjoinus.13.6.4主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+副詞（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）（40）1)有些動(dòng)詞后的可跟帶副詞的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：I'mhavingsomefriendsoverforbridgetomorrow.Wewenttoherhousebutfoundherout.Shewishedherselfhome.Don’tleavemebehind.It’smyownact.Whydoyoubringmymotherin?Getmehomeatonce.Congressvotedthebilldown.Shehassleptherheadacheoff.Ididn’texpectyoubacksosoon.Whydon’tyouturntheTVon?Heissuretohelpusthrough.Theydeclaredthewarover.Bycitingmoreexamples,hedrovehispointshome.Iwon'tlethimdowninanyway.Pleasecountmein(out)ontheproject.2)這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可用于被動(dòng)形式，斜體部分可說(shuō)是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：Mybaghasbeenleftbehind.Thesuggestionwasvoteddown.Thewarwasdeclaredover.Thispointshouldbedrivenhome.Whyaretheselightslefton?Hewasoftenaskedroundtoplaycardswithus.13.6.5主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）（41）1)有大量動(dòng)詞可跟這種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?Youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.Don’tallowyourselftoindulgeinfalsehopes.Werequestedhimtoputastoptosuchactivities.Atthemeetingtheyinvitedmetospeak.Helikedaboytobeconscientiousinhiswork.Myheartcompelledmetocome.Circumstancesforcedthemtoadoptthispolicy.Illhealthobligedhimtoretireatanearlyage.Iwishyoutobehappy.Ihatedthistohavehappened.Ishouldpreferhimtodoitinadifferentway.Heinstructedmetocometoworkearlier.Permitmetoexplain.Remindmetowritethatletter,willyou?Heordered(commanded)thesoldiertoretreat.Theywarnedusnottoswiminthatriver.Heurgedmetojointheircompany.Heatingacopperbarwillcauseittoexpand.ShecouldnotbringherselftotellhimaboutVesta.關(guān)于這類句子結(jié)構(gòu)可參見第12.1.5節(jié)。2)在某些動(dòng)詞后，這類不定式只限于用tobe這種形式(a)，但可用其他動(dòng)詞不定式的完成形式或進(jìn)行形式(b)：Wethoughthimtobeanhonestman.Doyouconsiderthattobeimportant?Suppose(imagine)thisgrainofsandtobetheuniverse.Shefoundthistobetrueinallthecitiesshevisited.TheybelievedAziztobeinnocent.Theysuspectedhertobemysister.Iunderstandhimtobewillingtohelp.Heprovedhimselftobeacoward.Weallfelttheplantobeunwise.Hebelievedthemtohavediscussedtheproblem.Shesuspectedmetohavedoneit.Ijudgedthemtohavefinished.Theysuspectedhimtobedying.Hebelievedhertobetellingthetruth.Theythoughthimtobehidinginthewoods.Heconsideredthesituationtheretobedeteriorating.3)這類句子也?？捎糜诒粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，這時(shí)句中可說(shuō)包含了一個(gè)復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：Theywerenotallowedtoseehim.Iwasaskedtogowiththem.NelsonwasinstructedtosailforNaples.Shewasobligedtoabandontheidea.Hewascautionedtospeakaslittleaspossible.Shewasdiscoveredtobequitetrustworthy.Passengerswererequestedtofastentheirseatbelts.Hewasforced(obliged)topostponehisvisit.4)個(gè)別成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后可跟這類復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：Hecalledonjacktoanswerthedifficultquestion.We’llprevailuponhertoattendtheconcert.I'mcountingonyoutosupportus.Ilongedforhertocomeandjoinus.Hemotionedtothemtositdown.Wearewaitingfortheraintostop.Wedependonyoutodoit.Hepleadedwithmetogoback.13.6.6主語(yǔ)