考研考博-英語-哈爾濱城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱城市職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

It’scloudyoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.

_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Yes,takeiteasy.

B.Well,itjustdepends.

C.OK.Justinease.

D.Allright,you’rewelcome.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。句意：外面多云，請帶傘。_____。所以回答應(yīng)該是：好的，為了以防萬一。A項(xiàng)“是的，慢慢來”；B項(xiàng)“僅僅取決于”；D項(xiàng)“不客氣”。根據(jù)句意選C。

2.單選題

I’d______hisreputationwithotherfarmersandbusinesspeopleinthecommunity,andthenmakeadecisionaboutwhetherornottoapprovealoan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeupfor

B.makeout

C.takeintoaccount

D.accountfor

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)makeupfor“彌補(bǔ)”；B選項(xiàng)makeout“理解；竭力說”；C選項(xiàng)takeintoaccount“考慮”；D選項(xiàng)accountfor“解釋；導(dǎo)致”。句意：我會(huì)______他在其他農(nóng)民和企業(yè)家中的聲譽(yù)，然后決定是否批準(zhǔn)貸款。根據(jù)語境，這里指以聲譽(yù)作為參考條件，C選項(xiàng)takeintoaccount“考慮”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Deceptivelysimpleindesign,thesculpturalworksofGeorgeNortonincorporateabroadrangeoftextures,sizes,andcontours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Misleadingly

B.Generally

C.Noticeably

D.Exceptionally

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。deceptively表示“看似，不像看上去那么”；A項(xiàng)misleadingly“誤導(dǎo)性地”，B項(xiàng)generally“通常地”，C項(xiàng)noticeably“顯著地，明顯地”，D項(xiàng)exceptionally“異常地，特殊地”。句意：看似簡單的設(shè)計(jì)，喬治諾頓的雕塑作品融合了廣泛的紋理、尺寸和輪廓的奧妙。根據(jù)句意可知，前面是對比的關(guān)系，那么只有misleadingly能夠替換劃線的單詞，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

ForSaintPaul,consciencebringsnotonlyilluminationbutalsoagony:Itrelentlesslyexposestheinnerbattlethathumanbeingsmustwageagainsttheirownimpulses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insight

B.distress

C.reflection

D.stimulus

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。agony表示“苦惱，極大的痛苦”；A項(xiàng)insight“洞察力，洞悉”，B項(xiàng)distress“危難，不幸，貧困”，C項(xiàng)reflection“反射，沉思”，D項(xiàng)stimulus“刺激，激勵(lì)，刺激物”。句意：對圣保羅來說，良心帶來的不僅僅是光明，也帶來了痛苦：它無情地揭露了人類必須與自己的沖動(dòng)進(jìn)行的內(nèi)心斗爭。因此，根據(jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thehabitoftravellingbyairisbecomingmore________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prominent

B.prevalent

C.prudent

D.precious

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.prominent重要的，顯著的B.prevalent流行的，普遍存在的

C.prudent謹(jǐn)慎的，慎重的D.precious寶貴的，珍貴的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處做表語來說明“Thehabitoftravellingbyair（乘飛機(jī)旅行的習(xí)慣）”正變得怎么樣。此處應(yīng)該是說大家都習(xí)慣于乘飛機(jī)旅行，這一現(xiàn)象變得越來越普遍。prevalent指在某一特定地點(diǎn)或時(shí)期普遍、常見的，因此B選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的，普遍存在的”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)prominent“重要的，顯著的”指某人或某物非常著名或顯眼；

C選項(xiàng)prudent“謹(jǐn)慎的，慎重的”指具有謹(jǐn)慎的良好判斷力；

D選項(xiàng)precious“寶貴的，珍貴的”指某物非常有價(jià)值，十分重要；

均不能和“habit（習(xí)慣）”進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】乘飛機(jī)旅行的習(xí)慣變得越來越普遍了。

6.單選題

I'mafraidI（

）forgotherbirthday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pure

B.right

C.sheer

D.clean

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)pure“純粹的”；B選項(xiàng)right“正確的”；C選項(xiàng)sheer“完全，徹底”；D選項(xiàng)clean“干凈的”。句意：我恐怕完全忘記她的生日了。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Suddenlythedailyfearanduncertainty（）intofull-scaleterror,andtheshipechoedwithscreams.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evaporated

B.escalated

C.evacuated

D.exaggerated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。evaporate“蒸發(fā)，使脫水”；escalate“升級(jí)”；evacuate”疏散，撤出”；exaggerate“夸張，夸大”。句意：突然，平時(shí)的恐懼和不確定性升級(jí)為徹底的恐懼，船上回響著尖叫聲。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.翻譯題

通過資料查閱、實(shí)地調(diào)研、數(shù)據(jù)分析和專家會(huì)商等途徑，篩選出適用于該地區(qū)的古樹健康診斷形態(tài)指標(biāo)，確立各指標(biāo)的分級(jí)依據(jù)，構(gòu)建古樹健康診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并依據(jù)該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對滇中地區(qū)86株古樹（樹名暫略）的健康狀況進(jìn)行診查。結(jié)果表明：古樹的健康狀況大多為良和一般，不同樹種有些許差異，其結(jié)果與古樹長勢強(qiáng)弱成正相關(guān),能夠反映古樹健康的真實(shí)狀況，應(yīng)用效果良好。此外，對影響古樹健康狀況的原因進(jìn)行分析，并提出相應(yīng)解決方法。

【答案】Bymeansofdataconsulting,fieldresearch,dataanalysisandexpertconsultation,thispaperscreenedoutthediagnosticmorphologicalindexesofancienttreessuitableforthisarea,establishedthegradingbasisofeachindex,constructedthediagnosticcriteriaofancienttrees'health,andbasedonthecriteria,diagnosedthehealthstatusof86ancienttrees(treenamesaretemporarilyabbreviated)incentralYunnan.Theresultsshowedthatthehealthstatusofancienttreeswasmostlygoodandaverage,withsomedifferencesamongdifferenttreespecies.Theresultswerepositivelycorrelatedwiththegrowthstrengthofancienttrees,whichcouldreflecttherealhealthstatusofancienttrees,andtheapplicationeffectwasgood.Inaddition,thereasonsthataffectthehealthstatusofancienttreesareanalyzed,andcorrespondingsolutionsareputforward.

9.單選題

Language,culture,andpersonalitymaybeconsidered______ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indistinctly

B.separately

C.irrelevantly

D.independently

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。separatelyfrom“獨(dú)立的”,independently和of搭配。句意：語言、文化和個(gè)性被認(rèn)為是相互獨(dú)立存在的，但是實(shí)際上是不可分割的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)deteriorate“惡化，變壞”，B項(xiàng)disperse“分散，使散開”，C項(xiàng)dissipate“浪費(fèi)，使……消散”，D項(xiàng)drain“排水，流干，喝光”。根據(jù)句子前半部分意思“在同一個(gè)工作上干了四年之后”，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞enthusiasm“熱情”可推斷，空格處填入dissipated“枯竭”符合語境。句意：他干同樣的工作干了四年后，熱情終于枯竭了。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Whenapsychologistdoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople（

）andasksthemquestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlength

B.atrandom

C.inessence

D.inbulk

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。atlength意為“充分地”；atrandom意為“任意地，隨便地”；inessence意為“本質(zhì)上，大體上”；inbulk意為“大量，整批”。

句意：當(dāng)心理學(xué)家要做一個(gè)關(guān)于人類思維的常規(guī)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，他會(huì)隨機(jī)地選擇人并問他們問題。

12.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeoff“成功，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)gooff“離開，變質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)bringout“出版，生產(chǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)makeout“辨認(rèn)出，理解”。根據(jù)句意：在深谷里建發(fā)電站是個(gè)大膽的想法，但結(jié)果與我們原來所希望的一樣。也就說，這個(gè)想法得到實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

13.單選題

Yourstayabroadwillgiveyou（）opportunitiestolearnanewforeignlanguage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ample

B.sample

C.vertical

D.empirical

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ample“豐富的，足夠的”；B選項(xiàng)sample“試樣的”；C選項(xiàng)vertical“垂直的”；D選項(xiàng)empirical“經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的”。句意：你待在國外將給你提供……機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)新語言。學(xué)習(xí)一門語言最快的方式就是融入一個(gè)純語言的環(huán)境。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息stayabroad“待在國外”和后面的tolearnanewforeignlanguage“學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言”，在國外待著意為著會(huì)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)語言。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Itisusuallyagoodthingwhenadiscussionistakenfirmlybythehandandleddownfromtheheightsofto（

）thelevelgroundofhardfact.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ridiculousness

B.fantasy

C.audacity

D.mountaintops

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ridiculousness“荒謬”；fantasy“幻想；幻覺”；audacity“厚顏無恥”；mountaintop“山頂”。句意：當(dāng)討論以務(wù)實(shí)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)姆绞竭M(jìn)行，并且從幻想的高崖下到事實(shí)的平地時(shí)，這通常是一件好事?？崭裉幩顔卧~應(yīng)與hardfact形成對比，故B項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofquestion

B.withinquestion

C.withoutquestion

D.outofthequestion

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)“毫無疑問，沒問題”；C選項(xiàng)“毫無疑問”；D選項(xiàng)“不可能，根本談不上”；B選項(xiàng)不是一個(gè)短語；根據(jù)句意‘在兩黨之間有了這樣的沖突后，和解是不可能的了’確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Therewasatrafficjam,butshe______gettothedestinationintime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.could

B.might

C.oughtto

D.wasableto

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)could“能夠（原本就具有某種能力）”；B選項(xiàng)might“也許會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)oughtto“應(yīng)該（表示期望或可能發(fā)生的事或表示勸告或建議）”；D選項(xiàng)wasableto“能夠（通過努力可以具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有努力的過程）”。句意：雖然發(fā)生了交通擁堵，但她______及時(shí)到達(dá)目的地。根據(jù)語境，這里指即使因?yàn)榻煌〒矶录皶r(shí)到達(dá)目的地存在困難，但是她依然辦到了，D選項(xiàng)wasableto符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Inmostcasespoliticiansare______astheyseldomtellthetruth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.credulous

C.incredulous

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)credible“可靠的，可信的”，B項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的，因輕信而產(chǎn)生的”，C項(xiàng)incredulous“不肯相信的，表示懷疑的”，D項(xiàng)incredible“不可能相信的，很難相信的”。由主語politicians（政客）和關(guān)鍵信息astheyseldomtellthetruth（因?yàn)樗麄兒苌僦v真話）可知，politiciansare______表示的是“政客都是不能相信的”，D項(xiàng)符合。句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，政客們都是難以令人相信的，因?yàn)樗麄兒苌僦v真話。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

18.單選題

Virtuallyunknownadecadeago,bigonlineteachereducationprogramsnowdwarftheirtraditionalcompetitors,outstripping(超過)eventhelargeststateuniversityteachers’colleges.

AUSATODAYanalysisofnewlyreleasedU.S.DepartmentofEducationdatafindsthatfourbiguniversities,operatingmostlyonline,havequicklybecomethelargesteducationschoolsintheUSA.Lastyearthefour—threeofwhichareforprofit—awardedonein16bachelor’sdegreesandpost-graduateawardsandnearlyonein11advancededucationawards,includingmaster’sdegreesanddoctorates.

Adecadeago,thefor-profitUniversityofPhoenixawarded72educationdegreestoteachers,administratorsandotherschoolpersonnelthroughitsonlineprogram,accordingtofederaldata.Lastyear,itawardednearly6,000degrees,morethananyotheruniversity.

Traditionalcollegesstillproducemostofthebachelor’sdegreesinteaching—ASUtoppedthelistwith979bachelor’sdegreesin2011.ButonlineschoolssuchasPhoenixandWaldenUniversityawardedthousandsmoremaster’sdegreesthaneventhetoptraditionalschools,allofwhicharepushingtoofferonlinecoursework.

“Weshouldn’tbesurprisedbecausethewholeindustryismovinginthatdirection,”saidRobertPianta,deanoftheUniversityofVirginia’sCurrySchoolofEducation.“ThethingIwouldbeinterestedinknowingisthedegreetowhichtheyaresimplypushingthesethingsoutinordertogeneratedollarsorwhetherthere’ssomerealinnovationsinthere.”

For-profituniversitieshavebeenthesubjectofintensescrutinyinCongress.TomHarkin,D-Iowa,whochairstheSenateHealth,Education,LaborandPensionsCommittee,lastweekreleasedfindingsfromatwo-yearinvestigationshowingthattheycostmorethancomparablenot-for-profitschoolsandhavehigherdropoutrates.For-profits,theinvestigationfound,enrollabout10%ofU.S.collegestudentsbutaccountfornearly50%ofstudentloandefaults.

Onlineeducationschools,manyofwhichhaveopen-enrollmentpoliciessimilartocommunitycolleges,saytheirofferingsarehighquality.

JanetWilliams,interimassociatedeanforeducatorlicensureprogramsatWalden’sRichardW.RileyCollegeofEducation&Leadership,saidherstudent-teachersmustundergoafullsemesterinareal-liveK-12schoolasa“demonstrationteacher,”pairedwithamasterteacherandsupervisorintheschooldistrict.

MeredithCurley,deanoftheUniversityofPhoenixCollegeofEducation,saidmanystudentsarereturningtocompletetheireducationafterstartingfamiliesandchangingcareers.Theiraverageageis33,shesaid,andmanyworkwhiletheyattendclasses.BeckyLodewyck,Phoenix’sassociatedean,saidteachingcandidatesmustcompleteatleast100hoursoffieldexperience.Shesaidonlineclassesare“incrediblydynamic”andhavethepotentialtoholdstudentsmoreaccountablethanface-to-faceclasses.“Youcan’thide,”shesaid.“Everyoneparticipates—everyonehastobefullyengagedinthework.”

6.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourbiguniversitiesthatmainlyoperateonline?

7.Thefor-profitUniversityofPhoenix_____.

8.WhatwasRobertPiantainterestedin?

9.WhatwasshowedinthefindingsreleasedbyTomHarkin?

10.AccordingtoBeckyLodewyck,studentsinonlineclasses_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheyhaveanimportantpositionineducationintheUS.

B.Theyhavebecomethelargestfor-profitschoolsinAmerica.

C.TheyfocusondevelopingadvancededucationintheUS.

D.Theyawardmostofthebachelor’sdegreesinteaching.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.becamethelargestonlineeducationuniversity

B.madegreatprofitfromitsonlineprogram

C.enlargedthescaleofitsonlineeducation

D.surpassedthetraditionaluniversitiesinscale

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Whethertheexpandedonlineschoolshavesomerealinnovation.

B.Whetherstudentscanlearnsomethingnewfromthoseonlineschools.

C.Whetherthoseonlineschoolscangetabigprofitfromexpansion.

D.Whethertheonlineschoolswillmoveinthesamedirection.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Studentsinnot-for-profitschoolsaremuchmorelikelytodropout.

B.Manystudentsinfor-profitsschoolscannotpayforstudentloan.

C.Ittakestwoyearstoinvestigatethedropoutratesinfor-profitsschools.

D.For-profitsschoolshavehigherenrollmentratethannot-for-profitschools.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.havechangedcareersbeforetheireducation

B.completeatleast100hoursoffieldexperience

C.haveastrongersenseofresponsibility

D.havetodevotethemselvesintotheirstudies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】6.判斷推理，第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第二段最后一句awardedonein16bachelor’sdegreesandpost-graduateawardsandnearlyonein11advancededucationawards,includingmaster’sdegreesanddoctorates.（在16個(gè)學(xué)士學(xué)位和研究生學(xué)位獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)中有1個(gè)被授予，在11個(gè)高等教育獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)中有近1個(gè)被授予，包括碩士學(xué)位和博士學(xué)位），十一份高等教育學(xué)歷就有一張是四大機(jī)構(gòu)頒發(fā)的，第二步，尋找上下文線索，上下文都是在說四大機(jī)構(gòu)所集中的領(lǐng)域都是大學(xué)教育范圍，所以C選項(xiàng)“他們專注于發(fā)展美國的高等教育”正確。

A選項(xiàng)“他們在美國的教育中占有重要地位”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“他們已經(jīng)成為美國最大的盈利性學(xué)?！?，見正確選項(xiàng)，雖然有三家機(jī)構(gòu)是盈利性質(zhì)但是還有一家不是，所以B選項(xiàng)不能選，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他們授予大多數(shù)的教學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位?！保ㄎ坏降谒亩蔚谝痪銽raditionalcollegesstillproducemostofthebachelor’sdegreesinteaching—ASUtoppedthelistwith979bachelor’sdegreesin2011.（傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)仍然提供大部分的教學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位——2011年，亞利桑那州立大學(xué)以979個(gè)學(xué)士學(xué)位高居榜首）從這里可知是傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)提供的教學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位比較多，而不是線上教育，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，這里屬于反向干擾。

7.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，第一步精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第三段第一二句話Adecadeago,thefor-profitUniversityofPhoenixawarded72educationdegreestoteachers,administratorsandotherschoolpersonnelthroughitsonlineprogram,accordingtofederaldata.Lastyear,itawardednearly6,000degrees,morethananyotheruniversity.（聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)顯示，十年前，以盈利為目的的菲尼克斯大學(xué)（UniversityofPhoenix）通過其在線項(xiàng)目向教師、管理人員和其他學(xué)校工作人員頒發(fā)了72個(gè)教育學(xué)位。去年，它頒發(fā)了近6000個(gè)學(xué)位，比其他任何一所大學(xué)都多），從這里可知，十年前鳳凰大學(xué)只頒發(fā)了72個(gè)教育學(xué)位而去年頒發(fā)了6000個(gè)，從這里可以看出答案選C“擴(kuò)大在線教育的規(guī)?！?；

A選項(xiàng)“成為最大的在線教育大學(xué)”，定位到第四段第二句話ButonlineschoolssuchasPhoenixandWaldenUniversityawardedthousandsmoremaster’sdegreesthaneventhetoptraditionalschools（但鳳凰城大學(xué)（PhoenixUniversity）和瓦爾登大學(xué)（WaldenUniversity）等在線商學(xué)院頒發(fā)的碩士學(xué)位甚至比頂級(jí)傳統(tǒng)商學(xué)院還要多數(shù)千人），雖然這里提到鳳凰大學(xué)超過了線下教育，但是沒有說它與瓦爾登大學(xué)誰最大，屬于曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“從它的在線項(xiàng)目中獲得了巨大的利潤”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“在規(guī)模上超過了傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第五段最后一句話“ThethingIwouldbeinterestedinknowingisthedegreetowhichtheyaresimplypushingthesethingsoutinordertogeneratedollarsorwhetherthere’ssomerealinnovationsinthere.”（“我感興趣的是，他們?yōu)榱速嶅X而推出這些產(chǎn)品的程度，或者是否有一些真正的創(chuàng)新。”），第二步，綜合理解，這些在線學(xué)校能否從擴(kuò)張中獲得巨大利潤。由這里可知羅伯特院長知道這些學(xué)校推動(dòng)線上課程會(huì)賺錢，他的疑惑是線上課程的推動(dòng)是僅僅為了賺錢還是真的有創(chuàng)新概念在里面，答案選A“擴(kuò)大后的在線學(xué)校是否有一些真正的創(chuàng)新”。

B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生是否能從網(wǎng)上學(xué)校學(xué)到一些新東西”，文章沒有提及所以不選，這里屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“這些在線學(xué)校能否從擴(kuò)張中獲得巨大利潤”，見正確選項(xiàng)，所以C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，這里屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)校是否會(huì)朝著同樣的方向發(fā)展”，文章沒有提及所以不選，這里屬于無中生有。

9.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第六段最后一句For-profits,theinvestigationfound,enrollabout10%ofU.S.collegestudentsbutaccountfornearly50%ofstudentloandefaults.（調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，營利性機(jī)構(gòu)招收了大約10%的美國大學(xué)生，但卻造成了近50%的學(xué)生貸款違約）。第二步，綜合理解，10%的學(xué)生占了50%的貸款違約率，由此可知答案選B選項(xiàng)“許多盈利性學(xué)校的學(xué)生不能支付學(xué)生貸款”。

A選項(xiàng)“非營利性學(xué)校的學(xué)生退學(xué)的可能性更大”，定位到第六段第二句lastweekreleasedfindingsfromatwo-yearinvestigationshowingthattheycostmorethancomparablenot-for-profitschoolsandhavehigherdropoutrates.（上周公布的一項(xiàng)為期兩年的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，這些學(xué)校的成本高于類似的非營利性學(xué)校，輟學(xué)率也更高），這些機(jī)構(gòu)（指盈利性機(jī)構(gòu)）比非盈利性輟學(xué)率高，由此可知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“花了兩年時(shí)間調(diào)查營利性學(xué)校的輟學(xué)率”，見A選項(xiàng)，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的目的是對比盈利機(jī)構(gòu)和非盈利學(xué)校的區(qū)別，調(diào)查的目的不是為了研究輟學(xué)率，這里屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“盈利性學(xué)校的入學(xué)率高于非盈利性學(xué)校”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

10.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第九段第三句話BeckyLodewyck,Phoenix’sassociatedean,saidteachingcandidatesmustcompleteatleast100hoursoffieldexperience.（鳳凰大學(xué)的副院長貝克爾?洛德維克（BeckyLodewyck）說，教學(xué)候選人必須完成至少100小時(shí)的實(shí)地試驗(yàn)），由此可知答案選B“完成至少100小時(shí)的現(xiàn)場經(jīng)驗(yàn)”。

A選項(xiàng)“他們在接受教育之前已經(jīng)改變了職業(yè)”，定位到第九段第一句話MeredithCurley,deanoftheUniversityofPhoenixCollegeofEducation,saidmanystudentsarereturningtocompletetheireducationafterstartingfamiliesandchangingcareers.（鳳凰城大學(xué)教育學(xué)院院長梅雷迪思?柯利（MeredithCurley）表示，許多學(xué)生在成家和轉(zhuǎn)行后重返校園完成學(xué)業(yè)），這句話雖然正確但是不是貝克爾說的，這里屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“有更強(qiáng)的責(zé)任感”，定位到第九段第四句hesaidonlineclassesare“incrediblydynamic”andhavethepotentialtoholdstudentsmoreaccountablethanface-to-faceclasses.（他說，網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程“令人難以置信地充滿活力”，比面對面的課程更有可能讓學(xué)生負(fù)起責(zé)任來），根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞havethepotential可知這只是貝克爾的一個(gè)推測，并沒有實(shí)際的依據(jù)說明上網(wǎng)課能讓學(xué)生有更強(qiáng)的責(zé)任感，這里屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“必須全身心地投入到學(xué)習(xí)中去”，定位到最后一段最后一句話“Youcan’thide,”shesaid.“Everyoneparticipates—everyonehastobefullyengagedinthework.”（“你躲不掉的，”她說?！懊總€(gè)人都參與——每個(gè)人都必須全身心地投入工作。）這只是貝克爾的一種推斷，她覺得每個(gè)人不得不全身心投入工作，但是她沒有實(shí)際的事例或者實(shí)驗(yàn)來支持她這一說法，雖然B、D選項(xiàng)都是出自貝克爾之口，但是前者描述的是一種基本事實(shí)，后者則是她自己的主觀臆斷，所以D選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文，不能選。

19.單選題

TheannualreviewofAmericancompanyboardpracticesbyKorn/Ferry,afirmofheadhunters,isausefulindicatorofthehealthofcorporategovernance.Thisyear’sreview,publishedonNovember12th,showsthattheSarbanes-Oxleyact,passedin2002totrytopreventarepeatofcorporatecollapsessuchasEnron’sandWorldCom’s,hashadanimpactontheboardroomalbeitatanaverageimplementationcostthatKorn/Ferryestimatesat$5.1mperfirm.

Twoyearsago,only41%ofAmericanfirmssaidtheyregularlyheldmeetingsofdirectorswithouttheirchiefexecutivepresent;thisyearthefigurewas93%.Butsomethingshavebeensurprisinglyunaffectedbythebacklashagainstcorporatescandals.Forexample,despiteagrowingfeelingthatformerchiefexecutivesshouldnotsitontheircompany’sboard,thepercentageofAmericanfirmswheretheydohasactuallyedgedup,from23%in2003to25%in2004.

Also,disappointinglyfewfirmshavesplitthejobsofchairmanandchideexecutive.AnothersurveyofAmericanboardspublishedthisweek,byA.T.Kearney,afirmofconsultants,foundthatin2002,14%oftheboardsofS&P500firmshadseparatedtheroles,andafurther16%saidtheyplannedtodoso.Butby2004only23%overallhadtakentheplunge.AsurveyearlierintheyearbyconsultantsatMcKinseyfoundthat70%ofAmericandirectorsandinvestorssupportedtheideaofsplittingthejobs,whichisstandardpracticeinEurope.

Anotherdisappointmentistheslowprogressinabolishing“staggered”boards—oneswhereonlyone-thirdofthedirectorsareupforre-electioneachyear,tothree-yearterms.Inventedasadefenseagainsttakeover,suchboards,accordingtoanewHarvardLawSchoolstudybyLucianBebchukandAlmaCohen,areunambiguously“associatedwithaneconomicallysignificantreductioninfirmvalue”.

Despitethis,thepercentageofS&P500firmswithstaggeredboardshasfallenonlyslightlyfrom63%in2001to60%in2003,accordingtotheInvestorResponsibilityResearchCentre.Andmanyofthosefirmsthathavebeenforcedbyshareholderstoabolishthesystemaredoingsoonlyslowly.Merck,apharmaceuticalcompanyintroubleoverthepossibleside-effectsofitsarthritisdrugVioxx,isallowingitsdirectorstoruntheirdulltermbeforeintroducingasysteminwhichtheyareallre-elected(orotherwise)annually.Othercompanies’staggeredboardsareentrenchedintheircorporatecharters,whichcannotbeamendedbyashareholders’vote.Anyonewhoexpectedthescandalsof2001tobringaboutrapidchangeinthebalanceofpowerbetweenmanagersandownerswas,atbest,naive.

1.TheSarbanes-Oxleyactismostprobablyabout（）.

2.Theword“backlash”(Line3,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtothetext,separatingtherolesbetweenchairmanandchiefexecutiveis（）.

4.Welearnfromthetextthata“staggered”board（）.

5.TowardtheboardpracticeofAmericancompanies,thewriter’sattitudecanbesaidtobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.corporatescandal

B.corporatemanagement

C.corporatecost

D.corporategovernance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.aviolentforce

B.astrongimpetus

C.afirmmeasure

D.astrongnegativereaction

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.acommonpracticeinAmericancompanies

B.whatmanyEuropeancompaniesdo

C.amusttokeepthehealthofacompany

D.notapopularideaamongAmericanentrepreneurs

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isadversetotheincrementoffirmvalue

B.givesitsboardmemberstoomuchpower

C.hasbeenabolishedbymostAmericancompanies

D.canbevoteddownbyshareholders

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.biased

B.pessimistic

C.objective

D.critical

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段，獵頭公司“光輝國際”(Korn/Ferry)對美國公司董事會(huì)做法的年度評(píng)估是了解公司治理狀況的一個(gè)有用指標(biāo)。薩班斯-奧克斯利法案是為了防止出現(xiàn)像安然和世通等公司垮掉那樣的情況。由此可推斷，該法案是關(guān)于治理公司的，選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.詞語辨析題。根據(jù)句意：一些事情并未受到企業(yè)丑聞強(qiáng)烈負(fù)面反應(yīng)的影響?！癰acklash”指強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)面反應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“70%ofAmericandirectorsandinvestorssupportedtheideaofsplittingthejobs,whichisstandardpracticeinEurope.”70%的美國董事和投資者支持分職的想法，這在歐洲是一種慣例。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“...suchboards,...,areunambiguously“associatedwithaneconomicallysignificantreductioninfirmvalue.”這種（交錯(cuò)）董事會(huì)是為了防范收購而發(fā)明的，但它顯然“與公司價(jià)值的顯著降低有關(guān)”。由此可知，“staggered”board不利于企業(yè)價(jià)值的增長，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.作者觀點(diǎn)題。根據(jù)原文，作者在第三、四段表達(dá)了對美國公司董事會(huì)感到失望，因?yàn)樗鼈冏兓徛Ｕf明作者對美國公司的董事會(huì)是持批評(píng)的態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)D正確。

20.單選題

Manyyoungpeopleinvolvedinforcedmarriageshavetofacea（）,thatis,theylovetheirparentsbuttheyalsowanttopursuetruelove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dilemma

B.confrontation

C.doctrine

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dilemma“進(jìn)退兩難”，B選項(xiàng)confrontation“爭執(zhí)，對抗”，C選項(xiàng)doctrine“教義，學(xué)說，信條”，D選項(xiàng)conflict“爭執(zhí)，分歧”，句意:許多卷入逼婚的年輕人不得不面對一個(gè)兩難的境地，即他們愛父母，但也想追求真愛。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon’tgetin,they’reforeverdoomed.Gosh,we’redelusional.

I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It’sone-upmanshipamongparents.Weseeourkids’collegepedigreesastrophiesattestingtohowwell-orhowpoorly-we’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Admissionsanxietyafflictsonlyaminorityofparents.It’struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhighschoolgraduateshasgrown.From1994to2006,theincreaseis2.8percent.Still,64percentoffreshmenattendschoolswhereacceptanceratesexceed70percent,andtheapplicationsurgeateliteschoolsdwarfspopulationgrowth.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsprodtheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.“Theepicentersofparentalanxietyusedtobeonthecoasts:Boston,NewYork,Washington,LosAngeles,saysTomParker,Amherst’sadmissionsdean.“Butit’sradiatedthroughoutthecountry.”

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat’splausible-andmostlywrong.“Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters,”saysErnestT.PascarellaoftheUniversityofIowa,co-authorofHowCollegeAffectsStudents,an827evaluationofhundredsofstudiesofthecollegeexperience.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudybyPascarellaandGeorgeKuhofIndianaUniversity.Somedo;somedon’t.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2percentto4percentforevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudybyPrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerandStacyBergDaleofMathematicaPolicyResearchexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.KruegerstudiedadmissionstoonelopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGraduateRecordExamhelpedexplainwhogotin;IvyLeaguedegreesdidn’t.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyofstudents20yearsoutfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

Whatfiresparents’fanaticismistheirself-servingdesiretoannouncetheirownsuccess?ManySuccumb;Ididn’tlocatedmyidealschoolformydaughter.Shegotinandwentelsewhere.Takethat,Dad.Ilocatedtheidealschoolformyson.Heck,hewouldn’tevenvisittheplace.Pow,Dad.Theybothlovetheirschoolsandseemamplystimulated.FoolishDad.

6.Theword“gladiators”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）

7.Theauthor’sattitudetotheparents’claim“ourmotivesareselflessandsensible”isoneof（）

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（）

9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutselectiveschoolsisTRUE?

10.Theauthorsuggeststhatparentsnotimposetheirambitionontheirchildrenbecause（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.colossus

B.commanders.

C.warriors.

D.gluttons.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.antipathy.

B.apathy.

C.ambivalence.

D.dissent.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Americanyouthhavefewerchoicesbuttogotoeliteschools.

B.thecompetitionforeliteschoolsisfiercerintheUnitedStates.

C.theparentsshouldnotputtoomuchpressureontheirchildren.

D.thechildren’sfuturewillbebleakwithoutgoingtoeliteschools.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Selectiveschoolsofferbetterinstructionalapproachestotheirstudents.

B.Therearemoreassayexamsinselectiveschoolsthanotherschools.

C.Theirnewteachingmethodssecuretheirgraduates’highsalaries.

D.Theydon’toutperformotherschoolsintermsofprofessors’feedback.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchpressuremightleadtounsatisfactoryresults.

B.theirownambitionshouldn’tberealizedbytheirchildren.

C.theirchildrenmightpracticejob-hoppingfrequently.

D.theirchildrenmightnotsharesimilarinterestswiththem.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】詞義推測題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段第一句Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.（在大學(xué)入學(xué)的戰(zhàn)爭中，我們父母是真正的角斗士）。C選項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)士”與“角斗士”的意思相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“巨人”，不符合文章內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“指揮官”，不符合文章內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)D“貪吃的人”不符合詞義，可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段倒數(shù)第三句Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.（我們說我們的動(dòng)機(jī)是無私和理智的。）D選項(xiàng)“不同意的”正確，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可推測，父母宣稱是無私的和明智的是虛假的，因此作者不同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“反感的”，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“冷漠的”，作者態(tài)度并不是冷漠的，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“矛盾”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到原文第四段（我們有一種全面的威望恐慌；我們擔(dān)心沒有足夠的獎(jiǎng)杯。恐懼的父母催促他們的孩子申請比以往更多的學(xué)校。阿默斯特學(xué)院招生主任湯姆?帕克（TomParker）說，過去，父母焦慮的中心集中在沿海地區(qū)：波士頓、紐約、華盛頓和洛杉磯）。選項(xiàng)C“父母不應(yīng)該給孩子太多的壓力”，文中所說父母催促孩子申請比以往更多的學(xué)校，因此可推測，父母給孩子的壓力過大，C選項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)A“美國年輕人的選擇很少，只能去精英學(xué)?！保环衔恼聝?nèi)容，可排除。選項(xiàng)B“在美國，精英學(xué)校的競爭更加激烈”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除，選項(xiàng)D“如果不上精英學(xué)校，孩子們的未來將是暗淡的”，沒有必然的關(guān)系。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文第六段中最后一句Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.（他們掙的錢和那些地位較高的學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生一樣多）。D選項(xiàng)“在教授反饋方面，他們的表現(xiàn)并不優(yōu)于其他學(xué)校”，由掙錢這一點(diǎn)反映，他們的表現(xiàn)并不優(yōu)于其他學(xué)校，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“重點(diǎn)學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供更好的教學(xué)方法?！蔽恼碌谖宥翁岬健懊２⒉槐确敲Ｏ到y(tǒng)地采用更好的教學(xué)方法”，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“重點(diǎn)學(xué)校的考試比其他學(xué)校多?！钡谖宥巫詈笠痪涮岬健敖淌诘姆答伜驼撐目荚嚨臄?shù)量——重點(diǎn)學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)略差”，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“他們的新教學(xué)方法確保了畢業(yè)生的高薪”，文中第六段提到“他們掙的錢和那些地位較高的學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生一樣多”，因此C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】作者意圖題。由題干可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalso