考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川民族學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川民族學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thegangster（）athishelplessvictimandputacigarettejustoutofreach.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sneered

B.scorned

C.grinned

D.glared

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sneered“嘲笑，冷笑”；B選項(xiàng)scorned“輕蔑”；C選項(xiàng)grinned“露齒而笑，咧著嘴笑”；D選項(xiàng)glared“怒目而視，瞪眼看”。句意：歹徒對(duì)他那無(wú)助的受害者（），并把一支煙放在剛好夠不到的地方。根據(jù)歹徒后面的行為可以看出，歹徒對(duì)這個(gè)受害者發(fā)出冷笑，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Over-taxation,manyargue,impedesinitiative,sothatgovernmentincomemayactually（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mushroom

B.capsize

C.shrink

D.dispel

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。mushroom“迅速增加；迅速生長(zhǎng)”；capsize“傾覆；翻覆”；shrink“收縮；畏縮”；dispel"驅(qū)逐；消除（煩惱等）”。句意：很多人認(rèn)為稅收過(guò)重會(huì)打擊進(jìn)取心，因而政府的收入可能會(huì)減少。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Mrs.Greenreceivedan（）letterthreateningtoexposeherprivatelifeifsherefusedtopay$10,000.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anonymous

B.apparent

C.arbitrary

D.artificial

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：格林太太收到了一封匿名信，威脅說(shuō)如果她拒絕支付10000美元，就要揭露她的私生活。因此選A。

4.單選題

ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_____shockandangerthroughouttheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tempted

B.provoked

C.summoned

D.enveloped

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。tempted“引誘”；provoked“激起”；summoned“召集”；enveloped“包圍”。句意：紐約雙子塔的毀壞在全世界激起了震驚和憤怒。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Tomorrowwewill______ourdayofindependence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.favor

B.expose

C.roar

D.celebrate

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)favor“較喜歡，選擇”；B選項(xiàng)expose“（尤指對(duì)令人震驚或故意保密的事實(shí)的）陳述”；C選項(xiàng)roar“叫喊，大聲地說(shuō)”；D選項(xiàng)celebrate“慶祝，慶賀”。句意：明天我們會(huì)______我們的獨(dú)立日。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里表達(dá)的是在獨(dú)立日會(huì)做什么，D選項(xiàng)celebrate“慶?！狈项}意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Allspecialistsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（

）therisksandbenefits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.valuing

B.evaluating

C.estimating

D.weighing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。value“評(píng)價(jià)；重視；估價(jià)”；evaluate“評(píng)估；估價(jià)”；estimate“估計(jì)：判斷”；weigh“權(quán)衡；考慮”。句意：所有專(zhuān)家一致認(rèn)為最重要的事是權(quán)衡減肥藥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和好處。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

中國(guó)與西方國(guó)家的合作是互利的。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，不僅改善了本國(guó)人民的生活，也為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)提供了新的推動(dòng)力，為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家提供了更多的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。中國(guó)是一個(gè)潛力巨大的新興市場(chǎng)，西方國(guó)家技術(shù)先進(jìn)，資金雄厚，兩者經(jīng)濟(jì)上具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性。西方一些國(guó)家對(duì)華采取歧視性的貿(mào)易政策，不僅損人，最終也會(huì)損害自己的利益。

【答案】參考譯文：

ThecooperationoftheWestandChinaismutuallybeneficialtoeachother.TheeconomicdevelopmentofChinanotonlyimprovethequalityofnative’slife,butalsogivenewimpetustoworldeconomyandprovidemoreopportunitiesforthedevelopedcountriesinbusiness.Chinaisanemergingmarketwithgreatpotential,whileWesterncountrieshaveadvancedtechnologyandabundantcapital,bothofwhicharehighlycomplementaryineconomy.SomewesterncountriesadoptdiscriminatorytradepoliciesagainstChina,whichwillnotonlydoesharmtoothers,butalsodoesharmtotheirowninterestsintheend.

8.單選題

Ifprofitandmoneyareyourfirst（

）,andcommitmenttopeopleyourleastconcern,youhavefailededucation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.potentiality

B.priority

C.superiority

D.responsibility

【答案】B

【解析】potentiality潛力，可能性；priority優(yōu)先權(quán)，優(yōu)先考慮的事；superiority優(yōu)越，優(yōu)勢(shì)；responsibility責(zé)任，職責(zé)，義務(wù)。句意：如果利潤(rùn)和金錢(qián)是你最優(yōu)先考慮的事，而對(duì)他人的承諾是你最不關(guān)心的，那么你的教育就是失敗的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

Sinceyouareastudent,youmust（）bytheschooldiscipline.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.stand

C.abide

D.sustain

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。conform“符合，遵守”，一般和介詞to或with搭配；stand“站立”，后接介詞by意為“袖手旁觀”；abide“容忍，遵守”，后接介詞by意為“遵守，信守，承擔(dān)……的后果”；sustain“維持，支撐”，是及物動(dòng)詞。句中所表達(dá)的意思是學(xué)生要遵守學(xué)校的紀(jì)律，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Whenwewatchaplayorafilm,weallrealizethatthecharactersaresometimes（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.imaginable

C.imagined

D.imaginary

【答案】D

【解析】imaginative富于想象的，有創(chuàng)造力的；imaginable可想象到的；imagined想象的，構(gòu)想的；imaginary虛構(gòu)的，假想的。句意：當(dāng)我們看戲劇或電影時(shí)，我們都知道角色有時(shí)是虛構(gòu)的，選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Youhavethe（）ofworkinghardandbeingsuccessfulorofnotworkinghardandbeingunsuccessful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.selection

B.choice

C.alternative

D.option

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)selection“選擇，挑選”，強(qiáng)調(diào)挑選的過(guò)程；B選項(xiàng)choice“選擇權(quán)，精選品”，強(qiáng)調(diào)選擇的行為或可能性；C選項(xiàng)alternative“共替代的選擇”，強(qiáng)調(diào)二選一，后面一般接介詞to；D選項(xiàng)option“選項(xiàng)，選擇權(quán)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是擺在我們面前可供選擇的不同事物或辦法。根據(jù)句意：你可以選擇努力工作獲得成功，或者不努力工作而不成功。這里是指擺在我們面前可供選擇的不同事物或辦法，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

12.單選題

TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving（）forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.autonomy

B.dignity

C.monopoly

D.stability

【答案】A

【解析】autonomy自治；dignity尊嚴(yán),

高貴；monopoly壟斷；stability穩(wěn)定性。句意：撰寫(xiě)美國(guó)國(guó)家憲法的人試圖建立一個(gè)高效的國(guó)家政府,

即能保證各個(gè)州的自治,

又能保證個(gè)人的自由。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

（

）Itwasafterthefailureofthisattemptthathetoforce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolved

B.recurred

C.exerted

D.resorted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:自那次試驗(yàn)失敗后，他訴諸武力。

resolve:決心，分解;recur:復(fù)發(fā)，重視，再發(fā)生;exert:運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮。resort:求助，訴諸。此句是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)是狀語(yǔ)。Resortto訴諸,求助于。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

He（）thetheory,thephilosophyandthepatternthatbecamethemodelforLi’sownmilitaryforceslater.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.furnished

B.decorated

C.polished

D.meditated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)furnish“提供”；B選項(xiàng)decorate“修飾”；C選項(xiàng)polish“使完美，完善”；D選項(xiàng)meditate“冥想”。根據(jù)題干可知，可推測(cè)這里應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)表示完成的動(dòng)詞，C選項(xiàng)符合題干內(nèi)容。句意：他……的理論，哲學(xué)和模式，成為后來(lái)李自己的軍隊(duì)的模型。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

______sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosooneritgrewdarkthan

B.Hardlydiditgrowdarkthat

C.Scarcelyhaditgrowndarkthan

D.Itwasnotuntildarkthat

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查倒裝句。句意：直到天黑，她才意識(shí)到太晚了，不能回家了。A、B、C選項(xiàng)意思為“一……就”；A選項(xiàng)nosooner…than置于句首，前面部分倒裝；B選項(xiàng)hardly…when“”和C選項(xiàng)scarcely…when是固定搭配。D選項(xiàng)itisnotuntil…that“直到……才”用法正確。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.翻譯題

Wedonotknowexactlyhowlongthecountryhasbeenoccupiedbuttheearliestdiscoveredsiteofoccupationisabout47,000yearsold.Toputthisinperspective,sincetheFirstFleetarrivedin1788therehavebeenonlyeightgenerationsofsettlers.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenatleast18,500generationsofthePeoplesoftheDreaming.

ThePeoplesoftheDreamingbelongedtoover500differentgroupsornationswithdifferentlanguagesandculturesbuttheywereboundtogetherbytheirbeliefintheDreaming.“TheDreaming”or“TheDreamtime”isthemostenduringreligioninAustraliatoday.Itisbasedonthecentralprinciplethatthepeoplewholiveonthecontinenthavespecialresponsibilitiestotheland—thatthelandownsthemandthattheyholditintrustasthehomeoftheircreator.However,intheimmenselyvariablelandscapeofthecountry,differentculturesanddifferentlanguagesdevelopedwithinthisbroadframeworkoftheDreamtime.

【答案】我們不知道這個(gè)國(guó)家被占領(lǐng)的確切時(shí)間，但最早發(fā)現(xiàn)的占領(lǐng)遺址大約有4.7萬(wàn)年的歷史。從這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，自1788年第一艦隊(duì)到達(dá)后，只有8代移民。另一方面，已經(jīng)有至少18500代夢(mèng)創(chuàng)時(shí)代的后人（原住民）。

夢(mèng)創(chuàng)時(shí)代的后人屬于500多個(gè)不同的群體或國(guó)家，他們擁有不同的語(yǔ)言和文化，但他們因?yàn)閴?mèng)里的信念而聯(lián)系在一起。夢(mèng)創(chuàng)時(shí)代是今天澳大利亞最持久的宗教。它基于這樣一個(gè)中心原則：生活在大陸上的人民對(duì)土地負(fù)有特殊責(zé)任——土地?fù)碛兴麄兌宜麄儼淹恋刈鳛閯?chuàng)造者的家園來(lái)保管。然而，在這個(gè)國(guó)家多變的景觀中，不同的文化和不同的語(yǔ)言在這個(gè)夢(mèng)創(chuàng)時(shí)代的大框架內(nèi)發(fā)展起來(lái)。

17.單選題

Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmust（

）yourselftonewmannersandcustoms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adopt

B.fit

C.suit

D.adapt

【答案】D

【解析】句意:到一個(gè)新國(guó)家后，你一定要讓自己適應(yīng)新的禮儀和風(fēng)俗。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Adopt采取,接受;fit安裝,使……合身;suit使適應(yīng);adapt使適應(yīng),使適合。adaptoneselftosth.使自己適應(yīng)…。C項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)義上也符合題干,但是沒(méi)有suitoneselftosth.的搭配。故選D。

18.翻譯題

由小學(xué)到中學(xué)，所修習(xí)的無(wú)非是一些普通的基本知識(shí)。就是大學(xué)四年，所授課業(yè)也還是相當(dāng)粗淺的學(xué)識(shí)。世人常稱(chēng)大學(xué)為“最高學(xué)府”，這名稱(chēng)易滋誤解，好像過(guò)此以上即無(wú)學(xué)問(wèn)可言。

大學(xué)的研究所才是初步研究學(xué)問(wèn)的所在，在這里做學(xué)問(wèn)也只能算是粗涉藩籬，注重的是研究學(xué)問(wèn)的方法與實(shí)習(xí)。學(xué)無(wú)止境，一生的時(shí)間都嫌太短，所以古人皓首窮經(jīng)，頭發(fā)白了還是在繼續(xù)研究，不過(guò)在這樣的研究中確實(shí)有濃厚的趣味。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】Welearnnothingmorethansomebasicallycommonknowledgefromprimarytosecondaryschool.Evenifduringfour-yearuniversitylife,weweretaughtonlyrudimentsofscholarship.Universitiesareusuallyknownas“thehighesteducationalinstitution”,whichislikelytocausethemisunderstandingthatthereisnomoretolearnafteruniversity.

Theresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarethecertainplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttastingoflearningwherefocusonresearchmethodandpractice.Knowledgeisinfiniteandlifeislimited.Thus,ancientpeopleneverstoptheirstudyevenwhentheywereveryold.However,therewasstronginterestinthisprocess.

【解析】

19.單選題

By（

）

computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthimathousanddollars.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.coarse

B.rude

C.average

D.general

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。coarse“粗糙的”；rude“粗魯?shù)摹保籥verage“平均的，普通的”；general“一般的，普通的”。句意：通過(guò)粗略計(jì)算，他估計(jì)修理好這個(gè)房子需要花費(fèi)一千美元。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

紅包，字面意思是“紅色的小袋”，是中國(guó)新年的重要元素。里面的現(xiàn)金被認(rèn)為是來(lái)年的壓歲錢(qián)。紅包一般是長(zhǎng)輩送給晚輩的，尤其是孩子，但如果你收入不錯(cuò)，每年這個(gè)時(shí)候給父母、爺爺奶奶分一些錢(qián)也是符合禮貌的。如果你結(jié)婚了，你就得給紅包；如果你是單身，你通常會(huì)收到紅包。如果被邀請(qǐng)到別人家過(guò)年，你知道他們有孩子，那最好在一個(gè)紅包里放點(diǎn)錢(qián)。如果你去北方游玩，紅包里的現(xiàn)金數(shù)額就選一個(gè)整數(shù)；在南方，挑個(gè)幸運(yùn)數(shù)字（任何帶有6或8的數(shù)字）。

【答案】Hongbao,whichliterallymeans“alittleredenvelope”,isanimportantelementofChineseNewYear.Thecashinsideisconsideredasluckymoneyforthecomingyear.Itisusuallygivenbyelderstoyoungergenerations,especiallychildren,butifyouhaveaniceincome,it’spolitetogivesomemoneytoyourparentsandgrandparentsatthistimeofyear.Ifyouaremarried,youhavetogiveredenvelopes;ifyouaresingle,youusuallyreceiveone.Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone’shomeforChineseNewYearandyouknowtheyhavechildren,itisbesttoputsomecashinaredenvelope.Andifyouvisitthenorth,theamountofcashinitshouldbearoundnumber,andifyouvisittheSouth,choosealuckynumber(anynumberwitha6or8).

21.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese

ThereisonelastquestionImustdealwithinthischapter.Whyshouldhumanbeingsbemoral?Anotherwayofputtingtheproblemisasfollows:Isthereanyclearfoundationorbasisformorality—cananyreasonsbefoundforhumanbeingstobegoodanddorightactsratherthanbebadanddowrongacts?

Alloftheargumentsputfortharecompellingandvalidtosomeextent,providedthatfreequestioningofthemoralprescriptionsthattheyhaveestablishedorthattheysupportisallowedandencouraged.Ihavealreadypointedoutsomeofthedifficultiesassociatedwithestablishingareligiousbasisformorality,butproblemsexistwiththeothertwoargumentsaswell.（1）

Theself-interestargumentcanbeaproblemwhenotherinterestsconflictwithit:oftenitisdifficulttoconvincesomeonewhoseesobviousbenefitsinactingimmorallyinaparticularsituationthatitisinhisorherself-interesttodootherwise.Moralityestablishedbytraditionandlawisproblematicbecauseitisdifficultbothtochangeandtoquestionsuccessfully.Thislackofquestioningsometimesencouragesblindobediencetheimmoralpractices.Itencouragesthebeliefthatbecausesomethinghasbeendoneacertainwayforhundredsofyears,itmustberight.

（2）Arethereanyotherreasonswecangiveastowhyhumanbeingsshouldbemoral?Ifweexaminehumannatureasempiricallyandrationallyaswecan,wediscoverthatallhumanbeingshavemanyneeds,desires,goals,andobjectivesincommon.Forexample,peoplegenerallyseemtoneedfriendship,love,happiness,freedom,peace,creativity,andstabilityintheirlives,notonlyforthemselvesbutforothers,too.（3）

Itdoesn’ttakemuchfurtherexaminationtodiscoverthatinordertosatisfytheseneeds,peoplemustestablishandfollowmoralprinciplesthatencouragethemtocooperatewithoneanotherandthatfreethemfromfearthattheywilllosetheirlives,bemutilated,orbestolenfrom,liedto,cheated,severelyrestricted,orimprisoned.

Itismycontention,then,thatmoralityhascomeaboutbecauseofhumanneedsandthrougharecognitionoftheimportanceoflivingtogetherinaco-operativeandsignificantway.Iamnottryingtosuggestthatallhumanbeingscanbeconvincedthattheyshouldbemoral,oreventhatitwillalwaysbeineachindividual’sself-interesttobemoral.Idobelieve,however,thatthequestion“Whyshouldhumanbeingsbemoral”generallycanbestbeansweredbythestatementthatadheringtomoralprinciplesenableshumanbeingstolivetheirlivesaspeacefully,happily,creatively,andmeaningfullyasispossible.

Also,asImentionedwhendiscussinglawandmorality,therehasbeenamarkedincreaseintheteachingofethicsinlawschools.Thesametypesofcourseshavebeenestablishedatmedicalschools,andtherehasbeenanincreaseinbioethicsandotherethicscommitteesinhospitalsandvariousbusinesses.Forexample,JamesO’Toolehasbeenconductingvalues-basedleadershipseminarsforCEOsandothermanagersinbusiness.Onemightask.“Doesthismeanthatwearebecomingmoreethical,orthatwewillbe,astheseethicsbegintofilterdowntothegeneralpopulace?”Certainlyitisadmirablethatsomanyevenpoliticians—areinterestedinvaluesandinimprovingtheethicallevelinAmerica.Mymajorconcerniswithhowsuperficialallofthisis,especiallyasitcomesfrompoliticianstryingtogetelected.Idon’tdoubtthatsomeofthesepoliticiansaresincere,butsome-timesIwonderwhosevaluestheywishtoimpose,andalsoIwonderhowmuchtraininganyofthesepeoplehavehadinethics.

（4）Yetregardlessofhowpopular,superficiallyornot,ethicsmaybecome,itcertainlyshouldbethemostimportantaspectofyourlife.Afterall,whatcouldbemoreimportantthanlearninghowtolivemoreethicallyandimprovingthequalityofyourlifeandthelivesofothersaroundyou?AsAlbertEinsteinsaid,“Themostimportanthumanendeavoristhestrivingformoralityinouractions.Ourinnerbalanceandevenourveryexistencedependonit.Onlymoralityinouractionscangivebeautyanddignitytolife.”

（5）Moralitydealsbasicallywithhumansandhowtheyrelatetootherbeings,bothhumanandnonhuman.Itdealswithhowhumanstreatotherbeingssoastopromotemutualwelfare,growth,creativity,andmeaningandtostriveforwhatisgoodoverwhatisbadandwhatisrightoverwhatiswrong.

【答案】1.當(dāng)與他人利益發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，利己主義的觀點(diǎn)就會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題：在某特定情形下，若不按道德行事，某人會(huì)明顯受益，因此，往往很難說(shuō)服此人遵守道德規(guī)范對(duì)他或她有益。

2.至于人類(lèi)為何需要遵守道德規(guī)范，我們還能給出其他的理由嗎？如果我們能夠盡可能地憑借經(jīng)驗(yàn)或理性審視人性，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)所有人類(lèi)都有很多相似的需求、欲望、目標(biāo)和目的。

3.不需要進(jìn)一步調(diào)查就能發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類(lèi)為了滿足這些需求，必須樹(shù)立和遵循道德規(guī)范。這會(huì)鼓勵(lì)他們與他人進(jìn)行合作，幫助他們擺脫可能會(huì)喪命、致殘，或者遭他人偷竊、撒謊、欺騙、嚴(yán)重地受限制或囚禁等帶來(lái)的恐懼。

4.然而無(wú)論倫理是否受歡迎或者膚淺，它可能成為，也一定應(yīng)是你的生活中最重要的一面。畢竟，學(xué)習(xí)如何更符合倫理道德地生活，以及改善你的以及身邊人的生活質(zhì)量，難道還有比這更重要的事嗎？

5.道德主要是關(guān)于人，以及他們與其他人或人類(lèi)以外其他事物之間的關(guān)系。它涉及人類(lèi)如何對(duì)待其他人或物，從而促進(jìn)共同的福利、發(fā)展、創(chuàng)造力和意義，以及為了好戰(zhàn)勝壞和正義戰(zhàn)勝邪惡而努力。

22.單選題

Twoofthechildrenhavetosleepinonebed,buttheotherthreehave（）ones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.singular

C.different

D.separate

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)孩子必須睡在一張床上，而另外三個(gè)孩子睡在不同的床上。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指分開(kāi)的獨(dú)立的床，選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

23.單選題

Duringtheterroristattacks,theauthoritiesorderedto（

）theworkersandresidentsofhigh-profilebuildingsfromtheconstructions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evict

B.evoke

C.evacuate

D.evade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。evict“驅(qū)逐；逐出"；evoke“喚起；引起”；evacuate“疏散；撤退；排泄”；evade“逃避；逃脫”。句意：恐怖襲擊期間，政府要求疏散建筑物中引人注目的樓房中的工人和居民。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

24.單選題

Youarenotallowedtotakeasecondjob（）youremployergivesyoupermission.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unless

B.solongas

C.otherwise

D.whereas

【答案】A

【解析】連接詞的運(yùn)用。unless“除非,如果不”;solongas“只要”;otherwise“否則,不然”;whereas“然而,鑒于,反之”。句意:除非你的雇主允許,否則你不能從事第二份工作。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

25.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的重要性

現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的興起也許要追溯到羅杰·培根的時(shí)代。羅杰·培根是牛津杰出的僧侶和哲學(xué)家。他出生于1214年，死于1292年。他可能是中世紀(jì)第一個(gè)提出我們必須通過(guò)對(duì)周?chē)挛镞M(jìn)行觀察和實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的人，他自己也有許多卓越的發(fā)現(xiàn)。然而，生活在三百多年之后的伽利略（1564-1642），卻是好幾個(gè)偉大人物中最偉大的一個(gè)，這些人在意大利、法國(guó)、德國(guó)和英國(guó)開(kāi)始逐步使人們看到許多重要的真理是可以通過(guò)掌握得當(dāng)?shù)挠^察去發(fā)現(xiàn)的。在伽利略之前，學(xué)者們相信大的物體掉到地面比小的物體要快，因?yàn)閬喞锸慷嗟率沁@樣說(shuō)的?？墒琴だ缘巧媳人_斜塔的頂端，讓兩個(gè)體積不相等的鐵球同時(shí)落地，從而向一些他帶去觀看實(shí)驗(yàn)的朋友們證明，亞里士多德錯(cuò)了。正是伽利略的這種直接到大自然中去通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明我們的判斷和理論的精神，導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【答案】TheImportanceofScientificExperiments

TheriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsdatebacktothetimeofRogerBacon,theoutstandingmonkandphilosopherofOxford,whowasbornon1241,anddiedon1292.Hewasprobablythemanwhofirstlyproposedthatwemuststudysciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthesurroundingthings,andmademanyremarkablediscoverieshimself.However,Galileo,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen.Theyshowedpeoplehowmanyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbywell-directedobservationinItaly,France,Germany,orEngland.BeforethetimeofGalileo,scholarsbelievedthatlargeobjectsfalltothegroundfasterthansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.GoingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa,Galileoletfalltwounequalironballsatthesametime,andprovedtothosewhomhehadbroughttheretoseehisexperimentthatAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’sspiritofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesthroughexperiments,thatledtothegreatdiscoveriesofmodernsociety.

26.單選題

Sometimespatientssufferingfromseverepaincanbehelpedby“drugs”thataren’treallydrugsatall______sugarpillsthatcontainnoactivechemicalelements.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.orrather

B.ratherthan

C.butrather

D.otherthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)orrather“更精確的說(shuō)，倒不如說(shuō)”，B項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是”，C項(xiàng)butrather“而寧可說(shuō)是”，D項(xiàng)otherthan“除了”。根據(jù)句子可知，not…butrather…固定搭配，表示“不是……而是……”。句意：有時(shí)病人遭受?chē)?yán)重的疼痛可以通過(guò)“藥物”來(lái)緩解，這些“藥物”根本不是藥物，而是不含任何活性化學(xué)元素的糖丸。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

Thoughsteamengineshavenowpassedthe______oftheirusefulness,theirheritageremains.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.era

C.epoch

D.date

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.prime年富力強(qiáng)的時(shí)期；鼎盛時(shí)期B.era時(shí)代；年代

C.epoch紀(jì)元；時(shí)期D.date日期；日子

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息passedthe______oftheirusefulness（過(guò)了它們使用的______）和主句theirheritageremains（但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在）可推知，該句表示的是“即使蒸汽機(jī)過(guò)了當(dāng)初的鼎盛時(shí)期，但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在至今”，空格處表示“鼎盛時(shí)期”符合句意，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C項(xiàng)都是指歷史上的一段時(shí)期，尤指發(fā)生重要事件或變化的時(shí)期，不符合句意；

D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】盡管蒸汽機(jī)現(xiàn)在已不再有用，但它的傳統(tǒng)依然存在。

28.單選題

Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.connected

B.sustained

C.associated

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)connect“有聯(lián)系的”。B選項(xiàng)sustain“持續(xù)的”。C選項(xiàng)associate“聯(lián)合的”。D選項(xiàng)suspend“懸浮的，暫停”。句意：天花板上有幾個(gè)擴(kuò)音器，我們可以很清楚地聽(tīng)到說(shuō)話者的聲音。擴(kuò)音器是懸掛在天花板上的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

29.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過(guò)去將會(huì)做某事”；couldhavedone“過(guò)去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是過(guò)去本可以工作卻沒(méi)有去工作，D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

30.單選題

Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:

“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.“SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.

“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”

Oops.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakingfoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefoninglookrealonehasto

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cellphoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Fakefoningisanewcellphoneservice.

C.Cellphonehasmuchuseinoffice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Adevicenewlyproduced.

B.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters.

B.holdthephonewhilewalking.

C.appearabsorbedinconversation.

D.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

B.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoingisalwaysquitesuccessful.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller.

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague.

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking.

D.continuedwithhisfakingconversation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題要找出說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)，可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手機(jī)服務(wù)，因此選項(xiàng)A“手機(jī)服務(wù)對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)很普遍”正確。B選項(xiàng)說(shuō)fakefoning是一項(xiàng)新的手機(jī)服務(wù)，明顯錯(cuò)誤。而由文章第二段可知，這種方法在辦公室非常有用，故C項(xiàng)正確。文章第一段第二句指出可能已經(jīng)有相當(dāng)多的人在用這種方法了，但作者才剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)，故D項(xiàng)正確。因此本題正確答案應(yīng)為B項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷。本題詢(xún)問(wèn)fakefoning的含義，這正是文章的主題。雖然原文沒(méi)有給出fakefoning的確切定義，但通過(guò)原文內(nèi)容推理可知，fakefoning就是假裝接聽(tīng)手機(jī)的意思。而foning也假借了ph的發(fā)音，其含義其實(shí)就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出，這種假裝接電話的目的是colleagueavoidance，故B選項(xiàng)正確。其余選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)文中語(yǔ)句的混淆解釋。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)“為了讓假接手機(jī)看起來(lái)更真實(shí)，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知，要根據(jù)你想要避開(kāi)的人而改變談?wù)摰闹黝}和內(nèi)容，因此不能只談?wù)撚腥さ脑掝}，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。而“走路的時(shí)候拿著手機(jī)”顯然也不能單純地提高真實(shí)性，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)原文第七段可知，要專(zhuān)注接聽(tīng)電話，對(duì)路過(guò)的人只需用眼神交流一下，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，同時(shí)還要指指電話，表示在講電話，只能以后再聊，但并不能推斷出這種禮貌地回應(yīng)能讓假接手機(jī)看起來(lái)更真實(shí)，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。只有C項(xiàng)“裝成投入到交談中的樣子（沒(méi)有注意到旁人）”最真實(shí)，最符合題意。因此，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)文中最后一個(gè)例子的含義，其實(shí)也就是詢(xún)問(wèn)最后四段的主旨。這個(gè)例子是講作者有一次在假裝接電話時(shí)，正好有一個(gè)電話打進(jìn)來(lái)，作者只好急中生智，裝成手機(jī)出問(wèn)題斷線了，而自己還不知道后面又繼續(xù)通話，可見(jiàn)假接電話也要多加小心，故A選項(xiàng)正確。在這個(gè)例子中，作者只是剛好假裝在和醫(yī)生通話，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)認(rèn)為fakefoning可能欺騙不了別人，是片面的，作者就很巧妙地化解了尷尬局面，成功騙了同事。選項(xiàng)D說(shuō)假裝接電話總是成功的，根據(jù)最后這個(gè)例子來(lái)看這也未必，還是需要小心的。因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知，當(dāng)電活鈴?fù)蝗豁懫饡r(shí)，作者正好與同事四目相對(duì)，但是作者并未驚慌，只是很自然地說(shuō)道：“這東西出什么毛病了?”同時(shí)拿開(kāi)手機(jī)看了一下，然后重新放回耳邊說(shuō)到：“喂喂喂，還在嗎?”由此可以看出，作者是對(duì)同事說(shuō)了一句話，因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

31.單選題

Doctorsareinterestedinusinglasersasasurgicaltoolinoperationsonpeoplewhoare（

）toheartattack.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prone

B.disposed

C.infectious

D.accessible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。prone“有…傾向的，易于…的”；disposed“有...傾向的”；infectious“傳染的”；accessible“易接近的”。句意：醫(yī)生們?cè)趯?duì)易于患心臟病的病人進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)時(shí)，熱衷于使用激光作為手術(shù)工具。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

32.單選題

TheancientGreekshadthenotionofscienceasmethodicalknowledge,（）anduniversallyvalid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compellinglycertain

B.compelcertain

C.completecertain

D.verysure

【答案】A

【解析】副詞搭配。句意:古希臘人認(rèn)為科學(xué)是一種有系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)，具有令人信服的確定性和普遍有效性。根據(jù)后面的“universallyvalid”可推測(cè)，填空處也應(yīng)該為副詞+形容詞的搭配，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C，compellingly與certain搭配使用,表示“令人信服地確定”的意思。所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

33.翻譯題

六十整歲望七十如攀高山。不料七十歲居然過(guò)了。七十歲開(kāi)始可以諸事不做而拿退休金，不愁沒(méi)有一碗飯吃，自由自在，自得其樂(lè)。要看書(shū)可以隨便亂翻。金庸、梁羽生、克里斯蒂、松本淸張，從前哪能拜讀？現(xiàn)在可以了。隨看隨忘，便仍在一邊。無(wú)憂無(wú)慮，無(wú)人打擾，不必出門(mén)而自有天地。真是無(wú)限風(fēng)光在老年。

偶爾有人來(lái)，不論男女老少認(rèn)識(shí)不認(rèn)識(shí)，天南地北，天上地下，天文地理，談天說(shuō)地，百無(wú)禁忌。我的話匣子一開(kāi)，激光磁盤(pán)便響個(gè)不停，滔滔不絕。無(wú)奈我閑人忙，聽(tīng)眾逐漸稀少，終于門(mén)庭冷落，只剩下一屋子廣闊天地,任我獨(dú)往獨(dú)來(lái)，隨意揮灑。

【答案】AttheageofsixtyIlongedforalifespanofseventy,agoalasdifficultasasummittobereached.WhowouldexpectthatIhadreached?AttheageofseventyIbeganmyretirement,inwhichIcanrelyonmyold-agepensionforaliving,freefrommyburdenoftheboringroutinesIusedtobear,andleadalifecarefreeandcontended.AsforreadingIcan,now,chooseatmyownwilltothumbthroughanythingtowhileawaythetime.IcanfindtimetoreadanythingthatIdidn’tusedto,forinstance,suchtime-killersasthosecreatedbyJinYong,LiangYusheng,ChristieandSeichoMatsummoto.Idon’thavetokeeptheminmindandquitthemasIseefit.Therebeingnoworryanddisturbance,Ineednottravelfarinmyownworldsovast.Trueitisthatthemostsplendidviewmaybefoundinoldage!

OccasionallyIhadsomevisitors,maleorfemale,oldoryoung,acquaintedandunacquainted.Wecouldchatabouteverythinginthenorthorinthesouth,inthespaceoratthecore,relatedtotaboosforusatall.WheneverIbroketheiceIbegantopourmywords,inaflowofeloquence,ascontinuouslyasalaserdisc.Unfortunately,Iwasjoblesswhiletheyweresobusythattheyalmostmeltedawayuntilfewknockscameatthedoorandtheworldbecamevacantagain.NowIalonecanoccupyitandgomyownway.

34.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

(46)Thehistoryoflifeonearthhasbeenahistoryofinteractionbetweenlivingthingsandtheirsurroundings.Toalargeextent,thephysicalformandthehabitsoftheearth’svegetationanditsanimallifehavebeenmoldedbytheenvironment.(47)Consideringthewholespanofearthlytime,theoppositeeffect,inwhichlifeactuallymodifiesitssurroundings,hasbeenrelativelyslight.Onlywithinthemomentoftimerepresentedbythepresentcenturyhasonespecies-man-acquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

(48)Duringthepastquartercenturythispowerhasnotonlyincreasedtooneofdisturbingmagnitudebutithaschangedincharacter.Themostalarmingofallman’sassaultsupontheenvironmentisthecontaminationofair,earth,rivers,andseawithdangerousandevenlethalmaterials.Thispollutionisforthemostpartirrecoverable;thechainofevilitinitiatesnotonlyintheworldthatmustsupportlifebutinlivingtissuesisforthemostpartirreversible.(49)Inthisnowuniversalcontaminationoftheenvironment,chemicalsarethesinisterandlittle-recognizedpartnersofradiationinchangingtheverynatureoftheworld—theverynatureofitslife.Strontium90,releasedthroughnuclearexplosionsintotheair,comestoearthinrainordriftsdownasfallout,lodgesinsoil,entersintothegrassorcomorwheatgrownthere,andintimetakesupitsabodeinthebonesofahumanbeing,theretoremainuntilhisdeath.Similarly,chemicalssprayedoncroplandsorforestsorgardenslielonginsoil,enteringintolivingorganisms,passingfromonetoanotherinachainofpoisoninganddeath.Ortheypassmysteriouslybyundergroundstreamsuntiltheyemergeand,throughthealchemyofairandsunlight,combineintonewformsthatkillvegetation,sickencattle,andworkunknownharmonthosewhodrinkfromoncepurewells.(50)AsAlbertSchweitzer