考研考博-英語-天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thegovernmenthastoconsiderwhetherthedestructionofonehumanlifecanbe（）bythehopesofsavingothers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notified

B.specified

C.justified

D.magnified

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)notify“通知”；B選項(xiàng)specify“指定、列舉”；C選項(xiàng)justify“證明合法”；D選項(xiàng)magnify“贊美、夸大”，句意為：政府必須考慮，為了拯救他人，毀滅一個(gè)人的生命是否可以被證明是合理的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Being（）yourjobisfine,ofcourse,butyoushouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trappedin

B.committedto

C.convincedof

D.confrontedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)betrappedin表示“被困在；陷入困境”；B選項(xiàng)becommittedto表示“致力于；委身于”；C選項(xiàng)beconvincedof表示“確信；認(rèn)識(shí)到”；D選項(xiàng)beconfrontedwith表示“面臨，面對(duì)”。根據(jù)youshouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime可知，雖然致力于工作是好的，但你不應(yīng)該讓工作占據(jù)所有的休閑時(shí)間。因此，B選項(xiàng)最符合句意，故本題正確答案為B。

3.單選題

AllEskimoslivemostoftheirlivesclosetosaltorfreshwater.Theymayfollowgameinlandforseveralhundredmiles,buttheyalwaysreturntotheshoresofrivers,lakesorseas.Eskimolandhasabarelook.Largerocks,pebbles,andsandcovermuchofthesurface.Plantscalledlichengrowrightonrocks.Andwherethereisenoughsoil,evergrass,flowersandsmallbushesmanagetolive.NotreescangrowontheEskimoland,sogeographerssometimescallthiscountrytheArcticplains.Someanimals,suchasrabbitsandcaribou,eattheplants.Others,likethewhitefoxandgreywolf,eattherabbitsandcaribou.TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.

TheEskimoyearhastwomainparts:along,coldwinterandashort,coolsummer.SpringandfallalmosttooshorttobenoticeD.Summeristhegoodtime,whenfoodisusuallyplentiful.ButitisalsothetimewhentheEskimosareverybusy.Winterisneverfaraway,andthemenmustbringhomeextrameatforthewomentoprepareandstore.Forseldomcanenoughanimalsbekilledinwintertofeedafamily.

TheFarNorthissometimescalledthelandofthemidnightsun.Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenlanD.ButinmidwintertheFarNorthisalandwithnosunshiningatall.AroundOct.21sttheEskimosofNorthernGreenlandseethesunsettingstraightsouthofthem,andtheydon'tseeitagainuntilFebruary22nD.Allplacesonearthgetaboutthesameamountofdaylightduringayear.Asaresult,ifsummerislighter,winterhastobedarker.WinternightsintheFarNorthareseldompitch-black.Asintherestoftheworld,thestarsandthemoonprovidealittlelight.ThenorthernlightsalsohelptheEskimostosee.Andwiththegroundcoveredwithsnow,evenalittlelightisreflectedbacktotheEskimo'seyes.

1.OntheEskimoland,（）.

2.IntheEskimoyear,（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferallthefollowingexceptthat（）

4.InmidwinterthereisnosunshiningintheFarNorthbecause（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rabbitsliveontheplants

B.soilisrichandplentiful

C.grassgrowsmoreeasilythanlichen

D.lichenisfoundonlyrocks

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.therearenospringandfall

B.winteriscoldandsummerishot

C.summerisatimeforgrowingfood

D.wintercomesearlyandgoeslate

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Eskimosaremorelikelytoeatwolvesinsummer

B.Eskimowomenareresponsibleforhousework

C.animalmeatisEskimo'smainsourceoffood

D.huntingisanimportantpartofEskimolife

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theFarNorthistoofarawayfromthesun

B.thesunisnotseenagainforsixmonths

C.thesunneversetsinmidsummer

D.peopleseethesunsettingstraightsoughtofthem

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AStoryoftheEskimo

B.TheBareFarNorth

C.EskimoLandandClimate

D.TheEskimoYear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，愛斯基摩人的土地貧瘠,地衣比草的生命力強(qiáng),所以選項(xiàng)B和C錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D表述太絕對(duì)，在文中也沒有提及，所以排除。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句可知，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，愛斯基摩人的春天和秋天很短，并不是沒有，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；冬季寒冷夏季涼爽，而不是炎熱，所以選項(xiàng)B也錯(cuò)誤，選項(xiàng)C在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)D冬季來得早去得遲，說明冬季很漫長，符合原文，所以本題選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“TheEskimoisameat-eater,too,andmayeveneatawolfwhenfoodisscarce.”愛斯基摩人只在食物匱乏時(shí)才吃狼,在夏天食物充足的情況下是不會(huì)吃狼的。所以選項(xiàng)A與原文不符。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thisistrueinthemiddleofsummer,forbetweenApril21standAugust21st,thesunneversetsinNorthernGreenland.”因?yàn)閺?月21日到8月21日，格陵蘭島北部的太陽從不落下。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.全文主旨題。本文主要介紹了愛斯基摩人居住地區(qū)的環(huán)境、季節(jié)及天氣狀況等。所以選項(xiàng)C更恰當(dāng)。

4.單選題

Restandproperdietarecontributivetogoodhealth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conducive

B.apprehensive

C.pervasive

D.exclusive

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.conducive有助的；有益的B.apprehensive憂慮的；不安的

C.pervasive普遍的D.exclusive獨(dú)有的；專用的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：休息和適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍硨?duì)身體健康……。根據(jù)句意，休息和適當(dāng)飲食應(yīng)該是有益于身體健康。因此選A。劃線詞contributive意為“有幫助的”。A選項(xiàng)與劃線詞意思相近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】休息和適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍秤兄谏眢w健康。

5.單選題

These______attacksdisturbedusandweconsultedaphysician.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recurrent

B.sinister

C.affected

D.morbid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)recurrent“復(fù)發(fā)的，周期性的”，B項(xiàng)sinister“陰險(xiǎn)的，兇兆的”，C項(xiàng)affected“受到影響的，做作的”，D項(xiàng)morbid“病態(tài)的，由病引起的，恐怖的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息weconsultedaphysician“我們咨詢了醫(yī)生”可知attack表示“疾病發(fā)作”；所以空格處填入recurrent符合句意。句意：這些反復(fù)發(fā)作的癥狀困擾著我們，我們?nèi)タ戳酸t(yī)生。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstress,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow!

Nowwearealllivinginmodemtime.Asthesocietyhasdeveloped,euthanasia（安樂死）ormercykillinghasreturnedtotheworld’shomepage.Manyreportsaboutrelevantcasesandresultsofscholarlyresearchoftenappearonthefrontpageofthenewspapers.Euthanasiaissometimescalledmercykilling,doctors-assistedsuicideorpainlessdeath.Itisusuallyunderstoodasamercifulacttorelieveaterminally-illpatient’sunbearablephysicalpain.Whilethemajorityofsocietyseemstofavorthissupposedlyhumanitarianpractice,itstillcouldtakedecadesforthecountry’slegislativeandjudicialdepartmentstodealwiththehighlycontroversialissue:NospecificlawofrulegovernseuthanasiaassuchinChina,buttheactfitsthevagueconceptof“intentionalkilling”intheCriminalCode.Yetthevoicescallingforlegislationoneuthanasiahavebecomelouderinrecentyears.

【答案】第一場(chǎng)雪來了。多么美啊！它整日整夜靜靜地飄著，落在山嶺上，落在草地里，落在世人的屋頂上，落在死者的墳?zāi)股?！一片白茫茫中，只有河流在美麗的畫面上劃出了一道彎彎曲曲的黑線；樹葉掉光了的老鼠，映襯著灰色的天空，枝丫交錯(cuò)，更顯風(fēng)姿。下雪的時(shí)候，一切多么安靜??！

如今我們都生活在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，安樂死或者憐憫致死術(shù)已經(jīng)成為世界的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。許多相關(guān)案例和學(xué)術(shù)研究結(jié)果的報(bào)道經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的頭版。安樂死有時(shí)被稱為憐憫致死術(shù)、醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺或叫做無痛死亡。它通常被理解為一種仁慈的行為，用來減輕絕癥病人無法忍受的疼痛。雖然大部分人似乎支持這種所謂的人道主義行為，但是對(duì)于一個(gè)國家的立法和司法部門來說，這是頗具爭議的，起碼需要數(shù)十年來解決這個(gè)問題。比如中國就沒有專門的法律來管理安樂死，但是安樂死符合其刑法里的“故意殺人”這一模糊的概念。然而，今年來要求立法安樂死的呼聲越來越高。

7.單選題

WhenMr.Liwritesanarticle,healwayskeepseveraldictionaries（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.underhishands

B.byhand

C.outofhand

D.athand

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析題。byhand用手；outofhand脫手、無法控制；athand

在手邊。句意：李先生寫文章時(shí)，手邊總有幾本詞典。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

8.單選題

Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______andpayattentiontothefunctionalandaestheticaspectofthebuildings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlarge

B.atheart

C.atmost

D.atbest

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)atlarge“詳盡的，未被捕的，整體的，普遍的”，B項(xiàng)atheart“本質(zhì)上，內(nèi)心里”，C項(xiàng)atmost“至多”，D項(xiàng)atbest“最多”。根據(jù)Thearchitectmustrespondtotheculturalconcernsofsociety______“建筑師必須回應(yīng)社會(huì)……關(guān)注的文化問題”可知，“普遍的”符合語境。句意：建筑師必須回應(yīng)社會(huì)普遍關(guān)注的文化問題，并關(guān)注建筑的功能和美學(xué)方面。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.Lestwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothe1660’swasthatofservants.AcritiqueoftheHanlins’interpretationofwhylegalslaverydidnotappearuntilthe1660ssuggeststhatassumptionsabouttherelationbetweenslaveryandracialprejudiceshouldbereexamined,andthatexplanationforthedifferenttreatmentofBlackslavesinNorthandSouthAmerica'shouldbeexpanded.

TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660's,thepositionofWhileservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimproving,duringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.AnotherflawintheHandlin’interpretationistheirassumptionthatpriortotheestablishmentoflegalslaverytherewasnodiscriminationagainstBlackpeople.Itistruethatbeforethe1660’sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.Butthisshouldnotovershadowevidencefromthe1630sonchatpointstoracialdiscriminationwithoutusingthetermslavery.Suchdiscriminationsometimes,stoppedshortoflifetimeservitudeorinheritedstatusthetwoattributesoftrueslavery-yetinothercasesitincludedboth.TheHandlins'argumentexcludestherealpossibilitythatBlackpeopleintheEnglishcolonieswerenevertreatedastheequalsofWhitepeople.

Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.Inaddition,theexistenceofdiscriminationbeforetheadventoflegalslaveryoffersafurtherexplanationfortheharshertreatmentofBlackslavesinNorththaninSouthAmericA.FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmericA.Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.AmorecompellingexplanationisthattheearlyandsometimesextremeracialdiscriminationintheEnglishcolonieshelpeddeterminetheparticularnatureoftheslaverythatfollowed.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlogicalinferencetobedrawnfromthepassageabouttheeffectsof“severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures”(lines11)passedduringandafterthe1660’s?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofBlackpeopleintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericabeforethe1660'swouldtheauthorbeLEASTlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,theHandlinshavearguedwhichofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenracialprejudiceandtheinstitutionoflegalslaveryintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmerica?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhattheexistenceofaRomanconceptionofslaveryinSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadtheeffectof（）.

5.TheauthorconsiderstheFreyreandTannenbaumforthetreatmentaccordedBlackslavesintheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericatobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theactsnegativelyaffectedthepre-1660'spositionofBlackaswellasofwhiteservants

B.TheactshadtheeffectofimpartingratherthanimprovingthepositionofWhiteservantsrelativetowhatithadbeenbeforethe1660's

C.TheactshadadifferenteffectonthepositionofWhiteservantsthandidmanyoftheactspassedduringthistimebythelegislaturesofothercolonies

D.Theacts,attheveryleastcausedthepositionofWhiteservantstoremainnobetterthanithadbeenbeforethe1660's

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.AlthoughBlackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves,theywereoftencalledslaves

B.Althoughsubjecttosomediscrimination;Blackpeoplehadaheightlegalstatusthantheydidafterthe1660’s.

C.Althoughsometimessubjecttolifetimeservitude,Blackpeoplewerenotlegallyconsideredtobeslaves.

D.AlthoughoftennottreatedthesameasWhitepeople,Blackpeople,likemanyWhitepeople,possessedthelegalstatusofservants.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Racialprejudiceandtheinstitutionofslaveryarosesimultaneously

B.Racialprejudicemostoftentooktheformoftheimpositionofinheritedstatus,oneortheattributesofslavery

C.Thesourceofracialprejudicewastheinstitutionofslavery

D.BecauseoftheinfluenceoftheRomanCatholicChurch,racialprejudicesometimesdidnotresultinslaveryslay

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.extendingratherthancausingracialprejudiceinthesecolonies

B.hasteningthelegalizationofslaveryinthesecolonies

C.mitigatingsomeoftheconditionsofslaveryforBlackpeopleinthesecolonies

D.delayingtheintroductionofslaveryintotheEnglishcolonies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ambitiousbutmisguided

B.validbutlimited

C.popularbutsuspect

D.anachronisticandcontroversial

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislatures可以定位到文章中“TheHandlinsexplaintheappearanceoflegalslaverybyarguingthat,duringthe1660,s,thepositionofWhiteservantswasimprovingrelativetothatofBlackservants.”中文翻譯為：漢林夫婦認(rèn)為，在17世紀(jì)60年代，白人仆人的地位相對(duì)于黑人仆人的地位正在改善，從而解釋了法律奴隸制的出現(xiàn)。以及原文中“Thus,theHandlinscontend,BlackandWhiteservants,heretoforetreatedalike,eachattainedadifferentstatus.Thereare,however,importantobjectionstothisargument.”，中文翻譯為：.因此，黑奴和白種人爭論不休，黑人和白人仆人歷來待遇相同，每個(gè)人都獲得了不同的地位。然而，對(duì)于這一論點(diǎn)，有一些重要的反對(duì)意見；和原文“First,theHandlinscannotadequatelydemonstratethattheWhiteservant’spositionwasimprovingduringandafterthe1660’s;severalactsoftheMarylandandVirginialegislaturesindicateotherwise.”，中文翻譯為：首先，馬里蘭州和維吉尼亞州立法機(jī)構(gòu)的幾項(xiàng)法案表明，17世紀(jì)60年代期間和之后，這位白人仆人的地位并沒有得到充分證明。可以推測(cè)出白人仆人的地位沒有提高，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“ThefirstmentionofslaveryinthestatutesoftheEnglishcoloniesofNorthAmericadoesnotoccuruntilafter1660—somefortyyearsaftertheimportationofthefirstBlackpeople.”中文翻譯為：在北美英國殖民地大法規(guī)中，只有在1660年之后才首次對(duì)奴隸制度有所提及，即黑人被輸入到美洲后的四十年?！癓estwethinkthatslaveryexistedinfactbeforeitdidinlaw,OscarandMaryHandlinassureus,thatthestatusofBlackpeopledowntothel660’swasthatofservants.”，中文翻譯為：唯恐我認(rèn)為奴隸制度事實(shí)上的存在先于其法律上的存在，奧斯卡和瑪麗?漢德林使我們相信，直到十七世紀(jì)六十年代為止，黑人的地位是充當(dāng)傭人。以及“Itistruethatbeforethe1660'sBlackpeoplewererarelycalledslaves.”中文翻譯為：的確，在1660年以前，黑人很少被稱為奴隸?？梢酝茰y(cè)出A選項(xiàng)是作者最不可能同意的觀點(diǎn)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“Thepossibilityhasimportantramifications.”中文翻譯為：這種可能性具有重要的意義。以及“IffromtheoutsetBlackpeoplewerediscriminatedagainst,thenlegalslaveryshouldbeviewedasareflectionandanextensionofracialprejudiceratherthan,asmanyhistoriansincludingtheHandlinshaveargued,thecauseofprejudice.”，中文翻譯為：假若從一開始起黑人就遭到歧視，那么，法律上的奴隸制度應(yīng)被視作種族歧視的一種反應(yīng)和延伸，而不應(yīng)像包括漢德林夫婦在內(nèi)的許多史學(xué)家所指出的那樣，被視作種族偏見的起因?？梢酝茰y(cè)出C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyarguedthatthelackofcertaintraditionsinNorthAmerica-suchasaRomanconceptionofslaveryandaRomanCatholicemphasisonequality—explainswhythetreatmentofBlackslaveswasmoreseveretherethanintheSpanishandPortuguesecoloniesofSouthAmerica.”中文翻譯為：弗雷爾和坦納博不無道理指出，北美洲某些傳統(tǒng)的缺失一一比如古羅馬有關(guān)奴隸制度的觀念以及羅馬天主對(duì)于平等的強(qiáng)調(diào)一一可以說明黑人奴隸在那里的待遇要比在南美洲西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地的黑人奴隸的待遇更為苛刻?？梢缘弥狢選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第中“FreyreandTannenbaumhaverightlyargued...”中文翻譯為:“弗雷爾和坦納博正確地主張了/論證了……”以及“Butthiscannotbethewholeexplanationsinceitismerelybasedonlyonalackofsomething.”中文翻譯為：但是，這并不能成為一種完整的解釋，因?yàn)閮H僅是從反面進(jìn)行的，以某些事物的缺乏為其依據(jù)?？梢酝茰y(cè)出B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Conveniencefoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingareavailableingrocerystores.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ready

B.approachable

C.probable

D.obtainable

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ready“準(zhǔn)備好的，現(xiàn)成的，迅速的”；B選項(xiàng)approachable“可接近的，可到達(dá)的，易理解的”；C選項(xiàng)probable“很可能的，可信的”；D選項(xiàng)obtainable“能得到的，能獲得的”。句意：現(xiàn)成的方便食品可以在雜貨店買到。Available“可獲得的；可購得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thecompany（

）ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ispromised

B.hasbeenpromised

C.ispromising

D.promised

【答案】B

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法。forages時(shí)間狀語，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，表示現(xiàn)在以前的這一段時(shí)間里一直在做的事情。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout300wordsonthetopic“LearningandStudyingasISeeIt”accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlinedinChinese.

求知和探究被古人認(rèn)為是人生中步履荊棘的歷程。王國維先生就有著做學(xué)問的三大境界，其一曰“昨夜西風(fēng)凋碧樹，獨(dú)上高樓，望盡天涯路”；其二曰“衣帶漸寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴”；最后才會(huì)“眾里尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在燈火闌珊處”。請(qǐng)結(jié)合自己求學(xué)的經(jīng)歷或體會(huì)，分析你對(duì)這個(gè)命題的理解和看法。

【答案】略

13.單選題

ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.

Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.

Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?

2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.

3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare

（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith

（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereissuedbythegovernment

B.Theyweregivenstandardvalues

C.Theywereallofequalpurity

D.Theywereallalikeinshape

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.scarcity

C.value

D.age

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.handmadeWesterncoins

B.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtoday

C.madeoutofdifferentmetals

D.notedfortheircraftsmanship

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoins

B.theartisticaspectofcoinmaking

C.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcentury

D.theproductionofuniformcoins

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoins

B.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoins

C.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoins

D.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesusprovidethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.（克里薩斯國王統(tǒng)治時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的具有相關(guān)價(jià)值的純金和銀幣，為國家當(dāng)局提供了第一個(gè)毫無疑問的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鑄幣證據(jù)）可知A、B、C的選項(xiàng)正確，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）和第二段中的ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.（來自希臘庫扎的銀質(zhì)硬幣鑄造于公元前413年，被認(rèn)為是希臘最好的硬幣之一，價(jià)值超過1000美元）可知提到了這個(gè)銀幣的不足、價(jià)值以及年齡，因此選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段句首提到Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.（然而，人們不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為只有機(jī)器制造的硬幣才是有價(jià)值的），緊接著以theSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantaler舉例，是為了說明手工制作的硬幣具有很大的價(jià)值，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury（事實(shí)上，完全數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)稱的趨勢(shì)直到十六世紀(jì)萊昂納多?達(dá)?芬奇發(fā)明的印壓機(jī)才開始）可知B選項(xiàng)“硬幣制作的工藝”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯檬治罩腻N子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬幣在形狀大小存在不足，機(jī)械制造出來的銀幣其形狀大小是統(tǒng)一的，因此選B。

14.單選題

Suchasanguineconclusionmayseemoddatatimewhenfuriousargumentsarenodoubtragingbehindthescenes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.puissant

B.sapient

C.propitious

D.berserk

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)puissant“強(qiáng)大的，強(qiáng)盛的；有勢(shì)力的，有權(quán)力的”；B選項(xiàng)sapient“聰明的；伶俐的；裝聰明樣的；有見識(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)propitious“適合的；有利的；順利的”；D選項(xiàng)berserk“狂怒的，失控的：（激動(dòng)得）控制不住的”。句意：在激烈的爭論毫無疑問正在幕后肆虐之際，這樣一個(gè)樂觀的結(jié)論可能顯得有些奇怪。sanguine“樂觀的；滿懷希望的；面色紅潤的”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Whendepartmentstoreshaveanoversupplyofgoods,theyfrequently（）pricestoencouragesales.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceal

B.review

C.damage

D.reduce

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conceal“隱藏；隱瞞”；B選項(xiàng)review“回顧；檢查；復(fù)審”；C選項(xiàng)damage“損害，毀壞”D選項(xiàng)reduce“減少；降低”。句意：當(dāng)百貨公司的商品供過于求時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常降價(jià)以促進(jìn)銷量?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語是“價(jià)格”，根據(jù)后面的“以促進(jìn)銷量”可知D項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

Iwastotallymixedupbyhis（）andambiguousremarks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ubiquitous

B.unsettled

C.elusive

D.daring

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ubiquitous“普遍存在的”;unsettled“未決定的;懷疑的”;elusive“難懂的；難以捉摸的；易忘的”;daring“大膽的；勇敢的”。句意：我完全被他的難以琢磨的和模棱兩可的話搞糊涂了。由連詞and可知空格處所填詞與ambiguousremarks詞義相近，故C項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Thereportincludesataleofhowanhonorablemanpursuinghonorablegoalswasafflictedwith（）andledhisnationtowardscatastrophe.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pride

B.humility

C.gratification

D.hubris

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pride“自豪，傲慢”；B選項(xiàng)humility“謙遜”；C選項(xiàng)gratification“滿意，喜悅”；D選項(xiàng)hubris“狂妄自大”。句意：這個(gè)報(bào)告包括了一個(gè)故事，的是一個(gè)高貴的人是如何追求崇高的目標(biāo)，卻由于狂妄自大而受到折磨，從而使他的國家走向?yàn)?zāi)難。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

18.單選題

______advanceandretreatintheireternalrhythms,butthesurfaceoftheseaitselfisneveratrest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Notonlywhenthetidesdo

B.Asthetidesnotonlydo

C.Notonlydothetides

D.Dothetidesnotonly

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：不僅潮汐以它們永恒的節(jié)奏前進(jìn)和后退，而且海面本身也從來沒有靜止過。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒裝，notonly放在句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為notonly+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語+其他，所以C選項(xiàng)Notonlydothetides符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Hercinematicdebutwas（）andshedecidedtoreturntothetheatrewheresheremainedfortherestofhercareer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indelible

B.infallible

C.incredulous

D.inauspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。indelible“難忘的”；infallible“絕對(duì)可靠的”；incredulous“懷疑的，不輕信的”；inauspicious“不詳?shù)摹薄＞湟猓核陔娪爸械某醮蔚菆?chǎng)讓人難忘，所以決定重新回到影壇來繼續(xù)她的事業(yè)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.翻譯題

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theymaystarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan'trememberwhereweputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrainfades,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments”.Whileseeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhaveadamagingimpactonourprofessional,socialandpersonallife.

Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.Itturnsoutthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmentalworkoutscansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitivefunctions.Thinkingisessentiallyaprocessofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Tosomeextent,ourabilitytoexcelinmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.

【答案】隨著許多人步入中年，他們可能會(huì)開始注意到，他們的記憶力和思維清晰度已經(jīng)不如從前了。我們突然記不起剛才把鑰匙放在哪里了，或者記不起一個(gè)老相識(shí)的名字，或者記不起一個(gè)我們?cè)?jīng)喜歡過的老樂隊(duì)的名字。當(dāng)大腦衰退時(shí)，我們將這些現(xiàn)象稱為“老年時(shí)刻”，雖然看起來很無辜，但這種精神注意力的喪失可能會(huì)對(duì)我們的職業(yè)、社交和個(gè)人生活造成潛在的破壞性影響。

神經(jīng)科學(xué)家，研究神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的專家，越來越多地表明實(shí)際上有很多事情可以做。事實(shí)證明，大腦和我們的肌肉一樣需要鍛煉，正確的腦力鍛煉可以顯著提高我們的基本認(rèn)知功能。思考本質(zhì)上是在大腦中建立聯(lián)系的過程。在某種程度上，我們?cè)诮Ⅱ?qū)動(dòng)智力的聯(lián)系方面的卓越能力是遺傳的。

21.單選題

Britain’srichestpeoplehaveexperiencedthebiggesteverriseintheirwealth,accordingtotheSundayTimesRichList.DrivenbytheneweconomyoftheInternetandcomputerentrepreneurs,thewealthofthoseatthetopofthefinancialtreehasincreasedatanunprecedentedrate.The12thannualRichListwillshowthatthecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000peoplereachednearly146billionpoundsbyJanuary,thecutoffpointforthesurvey.Theyrepresentedanincreaseof31billion,or27%,injust12months.Sincethesurveywascompiled,Britain’srichesthaveaddedbillionsmoretotheirwealth,thankstothecontinuingboomintechnologysharesonthestockmarket.Thishaspushedupthetotalvalueofthewealthoftherichest1,000toaprobable160billionaccordingtoDr.PhilipBeresford,Britain’sacknowledgedexpertonpersonalwealthwhocompilestheSundayTimesRichList.

ThemillenniumboomexceedsanythinginBritain’seconomichistory,includingtherailwayboomofthe1840sandtheSouthSeabubbleof1720.IthasmadeMargaretThatcher’sboomseemassluggishasEdwardHeath’s“threedayweek”,saidBeresford.“Weareseeingbillionsbeingaddedtothenationalwealtheveryweek.”WilliamRubinstein,professorofmodernhistoryattheUniversityofWales;AbeYstwyth,confirmedthatthegrowthinwealthwasunprecedented.Almostalloftoday’swealthhasbeencreatedsincetheindustrialrevolution,butevenbythoseheadystandardsthecurrentboomisextraordinary,hesaid.“Thereisnolargescaleculturaloppositionorguiltaboutmakingmoney.InmanywaysBritishbusinessattitudescannowchallengetheUnitedStates.”

AlthoughtheBritain’srichestareexperiencingthesharpestsurgeinwealth,therestofthepopulationhasalsobenefitedfromthestockmarketboomandrisinghouseprices.Lastyearwealthroseby16%toarecord4,267billion,accordingtocalculationsbytheinvestmentbankSalomonSmithBarney.Inrealterms,wealthhasincreasedbymorethanathirdsincethelate1980s.Muchofthewealthoftherichestisheldinsharesinstart-upcompanies.

Someofthesepaperfortunes,analystsagree,couldeasilybewipedout,althoughthewealthgeneratingeffectsoftheInternetrevolutionseemtobeheretostay.ASundayTimesYoungRichListconfirmsthatpeoplearebecomingwealthieryounger.Itincludesthe60richestmillionairesaged30orunder.Atthetop,on600m,isthe“oldmoney”EarlofInveigh,30,headoftheGuinnessbrewingfamily.InsecondplaceisCharlesNasser,also30,wholaunchedtheClaraNETInternetproviderfouryearsagoandisworth300m.Theremainingeightinthetop10youngmillionairesmadetheirmoneyfromcomputingandtheInternet.

16.The“cutoffpointfo