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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津商務(wù)職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Marywantedtoturnnaturalhistoryintoasciencethatwould(

)physicsandchemistry.

問題1選項

A.bethesameas

B.rankwith

C.beatissue

D.takeon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:瑪麗想要將自然歷史變成與物理和化學并列的一門學科。

考查短語辨析。bethesameas與…相同;rankwith與…并列;beatissue爭論不休;takeon承擔,呈現(xiàn),接納,雇用。故B符合句意。

2.寫作題

“Courtesy(禮貌)israpidlydisappearingfromeverydayinteractions,andasaresult,weareallthepoorerforit.”

Fromyourperspective,isthisanaccurateobservation?Whyorwhynot?Explain,usingreasonsand/orexamplesfromyourownexperience,observations,orreading.

【答案】TheClaimThatCourtesyIsRapidlyDisappearingIsDubious3.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreat()thereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。intention意圖,目的;instinct本能,直覺;integrity正直,廉正;intensity強度,緊張。句意:市長是一位非常廉正的女性,因此值得我們給予政治上和財政上的支持。選項C符合句意。

4.單選題

Thefiremanhada____escapewhenastaircasecollapsedbeneathhisfeet.

問題1選項

A.close

B.narrow

C.hard

D.near

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.close即將發(fā)生的,幾近的B.narrow很險的(逃脫)

C.hard艱難的D.near靠近的

【考查點】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】后文提到“消防隊員腳下的樓梯倒塌”,而空格處是修飾“逃生”的形容詞,由此可知,這個消防員是死里逃生,過程很險,差點就沒有成功,B選項narrow“很險的(逃脫)”最符合語義。

【干擾項排除】

A選項close“即將發(fā)生的,幾近的”,如果填入這個詞的話,需要做表語,并與介詞to連用,意思是消防員差一點就逃生了,即他沒有逃生成功;

C選項hard“艱難的”,沒有B選項符合語境;

D選項near“靠近的”,不符合語境。

【句意】當消防隊員腳下的樓梯倒塌時,他死里逃生。

5.單選題

Accordingtolegalprovisions,thepropertieswilleither(

)theoriginalownerorelsebesoldatauction.

問題1選項

A.committo

B.backto

C.proceedto

D.revertto

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞組辨析。committo“把……投入”;backto“后退到”;proceedto“繼續(xù)下去”;revertto“回復(fù);歸還”。句意:根據(jù)法律規(guī)定,這些財產(chǎn)將歸還給原主,否則就被拍賣。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Shewassofatthatshecouldonlyjust()throughthedoor.

問題1選項

A.assemble

B.appear

C.squeeze

D.gather

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她如此胖,以至于只能擠過這扇門。

考查動詞辨析。assemble聚集,集合,收集;appear出現(xiàn),顯得,似乎,看來;squeeze擠,緊握,勒索;squeezethrough擠過,勉強通過;gather收集,收割,使……聚集。故C符合句意。

7.單選題

Therecentnewsofthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep—inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA—hasgeneratedanoutpouringofethicalconcerns.TheseconcernsarenotaboutDolly,thenowfamoussheep,norevenabouttheconsiderableimpactcloningmayhaveontheanimalbreedingindustry,butratheraboutthepossibilityofcloninghumans.Forthemostpart,however,theethicalconcernsbeingraisedareexaggeratedandmisplaced,becausetheyarebasedonerroneousviewsaboutwhatgenesareandwhattheycando.Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butinthemisunderstandingofitssignificance.

Producingacloneofahumanbeingwouldnotamounttocreatinga“carboncopy”—anautomatonofthesortfamiliarfromsciencefiction.Itwouldbemorelikeproducingadelayedidenticaltwin.Andjustasidenticaltwinsaretwoseparatepeople—biologically,psychologically,morallyandlegally,thoughnotgenetically—sotoembraceabeliefingeneticdeterminism—theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant.Theoverwhelmingconsensusamonggeneticistsisthatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.

Asgeneticistshavecometounderstandthewaysinwhichgenesoperate,theyhavealsobecomeawareofthemyriadwaysinwhichtheenvironmentaffectstheir“expression”.Thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor,issignificantlymediatedbyenvironmentalfactors.Andthegeneticcontributiontothetraitswevaluemostdeeply,fromintelligencetocompassion,isconcededbyeventhemostenthusiasticgeneticresearcherstobelimitedandindirect.Indeed,weneedonlyappealtoourordinaryexperiencewithidenticaltwins—thattheyaredifferentpeopledespitetheirsimilarities—toappreciatethatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.

Furthermore,becauseoftheextrastepsinvolved,cloningwillprobablyalwaysberiskier—thatis,lesslikelytoresultinalivebirth—thatinvitrofertilization(IVF)andembryotransfer.Forexample,ittookmorethan275attemptsbeforetheresearcherswereabletoobtainasuccessfulsheepclone.Whilecloningmethodsmayimprove,weshouldnotethatevenstandardIVFtechniquestypicallyhavesuccessrateoflessthan20percent.Sowhywouldanyonegotothetroubleofcloning?

1.Whatprocessresultedinthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep?

2.Accordingtotheessay,inwhatrespecttherelationshipbetweenaclonedhumanbeinganditscounterpartissimilartotherelationshipoftwins?

3.Whatdoestheconceptofgeneticdeterminismstate?

4.Whatareexamplesofgeneticcontribution?

5.Accordingtothepassage,wheredoesthedangerofcloningliein?

問題1選項

A.Invitrofertilization.

B.Embryotransfer.

C.Theinsertionofamaturesheep’sDNAintoanunfertilizedegg.

D.Theadoptionofphysicalandgeneticcharacteristics.

問題2選項

A.Bothaclonedhumanbeingandapartoftwinshavethesameconceptionsofmorality.

B.Theenvironmentoneisbornintoaffectstheirconceptionsofreality.

C.Theconnectionisstrictlygenetic.

D.Thesimilaritiesarebiological,legal,moralandpsychological.

問題3選項

A.Thateachindividual’sDNAdeterminestheircapabilitiesinliferegardlessofenvironmentalmorality.

B.Environmentalfactorsgreatlyinfluencepersons’actionsandbeliefs.

C.Bothgenesandenvironmentsdeterminehumantraits.

D.Identicaltwinshavethecapacitytobecompletelyindependentbeingsandhaveindividualideas.

問題4選項

A.Hairandeyecolor.

B.Achild’sattitudetowardstheirparents.

C.Aperson’svalues.

D.Fashionstyle.

問題5選項

A.Thepoweroftechnology.

B.Ethicalandmoralissues.

C.Themistakenunderstandingofitssignificance.

D.Theexactreplicationofdangerouspeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句話提到inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA,所以選項C符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到克隆人的產(chǎn)生就像一對完全相同的雙胞胎。接著指出雙胞胎是兩個人,除了基因相似外,生理、心理、道德和法律上都是相對獨立的,所以選項A、C、D可以排除,選項B符合題意。

3.文章第二段…theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant,所以選項A符合題意。

4.文章第三段thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor“基因只會對非常簡單的特點有所影響,比如身高和頭發(fā)顏色”,所以選項A符合題意。

5.文章第一段最后一句話Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butintheunderstandingofitssignificance.“因此危險并不是在于技術(shù)的力量,而是在對其重要性的理解上?!边x項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Gender-basedviolencebothreflectsandreinforcesinequitiesbetweenmenandwomenand(

)thehealth,dignity,securityandautonomyofitsvictims.

問題1選項

A.concedes

B.compromises

C.proliferates

D.augments

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項concede“承認;退讓;給予”;B選項compromise“連累,使陷入危險;妥協(xié);和解”;C選項proliferate“增殖;擴散”;D選項augment“增加;增大”。句意:基于性別的暴力既反映也加強了男女之間的不平等,也……受害者的健康、尊嚴、安全和自主權(quán)。聯(lián)系句意可知本題選擇B選項。

9.填空題

Thismanclaimsthathe’sfromBeijing,buthespeakswithastrongsouthern(1)It’sobviousthatheisjust(2)tobefromBeijing.I(3

)wherehe’sreallyfrom.

句意:這個人聲稱自己來自北京,但他說話時卻帶濃重的南方口音。很明顯,他說自己來自北京是在撒謊。我想知道他真正來自何處。

【答案】1.accent

2.lying

3.wonder

【解析】1.語義題??谝粲谩癮ccent”。

2.固定搭配。Lietosb.對某人撒謊。這里用其現(xiàn)在進行時lying。

3.語義題。Iwonder我想知道。

10.單選題

Jamesisquite()withthecustomsandlanguagesofthepeopleinthatpartofthecountry.

問題1選項

A.knowledgeable

B.common

C.aware

D.familiar

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。knowledgeable“博學的”;common“普遍的”;aware“意識到的”;familiar“熟悉的”。句意:詹姆斯對這個國家的這個地區(qū)人們的習俗和語言都相當熟悉。選項D符合題意。

11.單選題

ProfessorSmithandProfessorBrownwill()ingivingtheclasslectures.

問題1選項

A.exchange

B.alter

C.shift

D.alternate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項exchange“交換;交易;兌換”;B選項alter“改變;變更”;C選項shift“轉(zhuǎn)移;改變;替換”;D選項alternate“交替;輪流”。句意:史密斯教授和布朗教授將輪流給這個班級講課。根據(jù)句中“givingtheclasslectures給這個班級講課”可知“輪流”符合語境,因此D選項正確。

12.單選題

Apersonwhois_______typicallyhasanxiousthoughtsanddifficultyconcentrationorremembering.

問題1選項

A.stressed

B.exploited

C.prevented

D.conquered

【答案】A

【解析】stressed緊張的,有壓力的;exploited利用,剝削;prevented阻止,避免;conquered戰(zhàn)勝,征服。句意:壓力大的人通常有焦慮的想法,難以集中注意力或記憶。選項A符合句意。

13.單選題

Todeveloplightindustryinabigway()toimprovingthepeople’slivelihood.

問題1選項

A.owes

B.attributes

C.distributes

D.contributes

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項owesto...歸功于,因為B選項attributesto把……歸功于;C選項distributesto分銷,分發(fā)給;D選項contributesto對……有貢獻,有好處。根據(jù)句意可知,大力發(fā)展輕工業(yè)有利于提高人民生活水平,因此D項正確。

14.單選題

WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga“Bermudatriangle”ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.

Aswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfaceanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countriesthatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone’seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofdevaluation.

YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.

Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry’svotingrightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.

A“southern”campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:“Europeaneconomicgovernment”withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.

ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisanambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.

1.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat().

2.ThedebateovertheEU’ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers().

3.Tosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat().

4.TheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat().

5.RegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel().

問題1選項

A.ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarkets

B.evenitssupportersbegintofeelconcerned

C.someofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuro

D.itintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluation

問題2選項

A.arecompetingfortheleadingposition

B.arebusyhandlingtheirowncrises

C.failtoreachanagreementonharmonization

D.disagreeonthestepstowardsharmonization

問題3選項

A.EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreased

B.stricterregulationsbeimposed

C.onlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordination

D.votingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteed

問題4選項

A.poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds

B.strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries

C.loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountries

D.richcountrieswillbasicallycontrolEurobonds

問題5選項

A.pessimistic

B.desperate

C.conceited

D.hopeful

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第一段“Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga‘Bermudatriangle’ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.”現(xiàn)在,即使是該計劃最偉大的鼓吹者也在談?wù)摎W洲大陸面臨著債務(wù)、人口下降和低增長的“百慕大三角”。由此可知歐盟的問題已經(jīng)使得一些支持者都開始注意了,因此選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第三段“YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.”。然而,關(guān)于如何使歐洲單一貨幣免于解體的辯論卻陷入了僵局。它之所以陷入困境,是因為歐元區(qū)的主導力量法國和德國一致認為有必要在歐元區(qū)內(nèi)部加強協(xié)調(diào),但在協(xié)調(diào)哪些方面存在分歧。由此可知C選項未能就協(xié)調(diào)問題達成一致正確,因此選C。

3.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第四段“Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.”德國認為必須通過對借貸支出和競爭力的嚴格規(guī)定來拯救歐元,對不遵守規(guī)定的政府實行準自動制裁。由此可知選項B實行更嚴格的規(guī)定正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第五段“Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.”換句話說,這意味著政客們干預(yù)貨幣政策,以及一個從較富裕成員國向較貧窮成員國進行再分配的體系,途徑是政府通過發(fā)行共同歐元債券或完全的財政轉(zhuǎn)移,以較低成本借入資金。因此選項D正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章最后一段“ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.”現(xiàn)在把歐盟一筆勾銷還為時過早。它仍然是世界上最大的貿(mào)易集團。最好的情況下,歐洲計劃是非常自由的:建立在一個由27個富國和窮國組成的單一市場上,其內(nèi)部邊界對商品、資本和勞動力的開放程度遠遠超過任何類似的貿(mào)易區(qū)。由此可知作者對于歐盟的態(tài)度還是積極的,因此選項D正確。

15.單選題

Thesecondmajorcauseofthechangesinculturalpolicythatwearewitnessingatthepresenttimeistheradicaltransformationoftheeconomicenvironmentinwhichculturalgoodsareproduced,distributedandconsumed,broughtaboutbywhatislooselyreferredtoas"globalization".Thistermiswidelyusedinthecontemporarydiscoursetoidentifyaseriesofrelatedtrendsthatcanbeobservedineconomic,socialandgeopoliticalspheres.Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena;thedigitalrevolution,theexplosionincomputationalpoweravailableacrossawiderangeofapplications,thegrowthoftheinternetandtheinventionofnewdevicesforcommunicationanddatatransmissionhavetogetherprovidedthetechnologicalimpetusforglobalization,whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.

Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists,creativeworkers,commercialandnon-commercialfirmsproducinganddistributingculturalproducts,culturalagenciesandinstitutions,andconsumers,havebeenprofound.Tobeginwith,ontheproductionsidenewcommunicationstechnologistshavefosterednewformsofculturalexpressionandopenedupnewavenuesforculturalexchange.Atthecuttingedge,artistsworkinginnewmediaareexperimentingwithinnovativemethodsformakingartandcommunicatingittoconsumers;thesedevelopmentscanbelikenedtoR&Dactivitiesinindustry,giventhattheeventualpayoff(inbothartisticandcommercialterms)isuncertainbutcouldbesubstantial.ManuelCastellshasobservedthatthisnewtechnologicalenvironmentcanbedescribedasculturalinsofarasitsdynamicsaredependenton"thecultureofinnovation,onthecultureofrisk,onthecultureofexpectationsand.ultimately,onthecultureofhopeinthefuture."

Furthermore,newtechnologistshaveledtonewwaysforculturalproducerstocarryontheirbusinessoperations,throughimprovedinformationandmarketingservices,moreefficientmanagementsystems,andsoon.Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections,performinggroupsareadoptingelectronicticketing,andnewspapersarebeingmadeavailableon-line.Atthesametime,threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably().

2.Whichofthefollowingphenomenacloselyrelatedto"globalization"isNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.Oneofthecausesunderlyingtheglobalizationtrendsisthat().

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheeffectsofglobalizationonculturalindustry?

5.Thewordimpetusinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto().

問題1選項

A.NewTrendsBroughtaboutbyGlobalization

B.TheCulturalCausesofGlobalization

C.TheEmergenceofGlobalization

D.GlobalizationandCulturalIndustry

問題2選項

A.Thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofcapitalresources.

B.Theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities.

C.Thevanishingofculturaldiversity.

D.Thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.

問題3選項

A.theuniversalacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciples

B.thefreemovementoflaborresourcesacrosstheworld

C.theemergenceofmanytransnationalcompanies

D.thesupportofpolicy-makersacrosstheworld

問題4選項

A.Theeffectsofglobalizationonartistsandcreativeworkershavebeenmoreprofoundthanonculturalagenciesandinstitutions.

B.Itthreatensthetraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution.

C.Museumsandgalleriescandisplayandselltheirdigitizedcollections.

D.Downloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

問題5選項

A.impede

B.fuel

C.impact

D.impeachment

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。縱觀全文,文章主要提到了在全球化的環(huán)境給文化產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來了一些影響,全球化對文化產(chǎn)業(yè)在構(gòu)成一定的威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。所以文章內(nèi)容主要是圍繞全球化和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)展開的。選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.”,可知文中提到的全球化帶來現(xiàn)象包括thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources“打破資源流動的障礙”,theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities“許多商品在全球市場出現(xiàn)”,freetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld“文化符號和信息的自由傳播”,所以只有文化的多樣性沒有提及。選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena…whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.”,可知這些現(xiàn)象的背后既有技術(shù)原因,也有經(jīng)濟原因,而只有新自由主義經(jīng)濟原則作為國家和國際決策的基礎(chǔ)得到廣泛接受,才能使全球化成為可能。所以造成全球化趨勢的原因之一是新自由主義經(jīng)濟原則的普遍接受。選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句,“Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists…h(huán)avebeenprofound.”,可知對于全球化對各方面的影響沒有進行對比。選項A不符合文意,可排除。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections”,可知博物館和畫廊正在把他們的收藏品數(shù)字化,所以并沒有提到displayandsell,選項C不符合文意,可排除。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“…threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.”,可知來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的非法下載繼續(xù)對演員、出版商和唱片公司的收入來源造成影響。選項D并未提到下載是非法還是合法的,不符合文意,可排除。同時根據(jù)此句,可知傳統(tǒng)的文化生產(chǎn)和傳播方式受到了威脅。選項B符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。impede“妨礙”;fuel“燃料,刺激因素”;impact“影響,撞擊”;impeachment“彈劾,控告”。句意:為全球化提供技術(shù)動力。選項B符合題意。

16.單選題

John()onhismistakelongafterthetestwasover.

問題1選項

A.considered

B.dwelt

C.contemplate

D.figured

【答案】B

【解析】dwellon為固定搭配,指“細想,凝思”。句意:測試結(jié)束后很久,約翰還在想著他的錯誤。選項B符合句意。

17.翻譯題

但是,對于所有的正在進行的激動人心的工作而言,科學遠沒有達到一個能塑造完美的人或者甚至一個完美的番茄的美好新世界的境地。在基因治療普及之前,仍然需要做大量研究。如果許多疾病真的可以治療的話,那將花上數(shù)十年的時間。

就短期而言,基因篩選將是運用新技術(shù)的最可行的辦法。醫(yī)生們能在治療各種DNA缺陷之前檢測到它們。在某些情況下,這些信息可以延緩疾病的發(fā)作或是減輕它的病癥。例如,一個有著遺傳性易患心臟病體質(zhì)的人可以進行低脂肪的飲食。如果科學家由于制造一種重要蛋白質(zhì)的基因存在缺陷從而導致這種蛋白質(zhì)失去的話,也許科學家就可以給這位病人提供人工蛋白質(zhì)。然而,在其他的情況下,對于阻止由于基因突變而導致的不幸?guī)缀鯚o能為力。

【答案】Forallthefeveredworkbeingdone,however,scienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthumanorevenaperfecttomato.Muchmoreresearchisneededbeforegenetherapybecomescommonplace,andmanydiseaseswilltakedecadestoconquer,iftheycanbeconqueredatall.

Intheshortrun,themostpracticalwaytousethenewtechnologywillbeingeneticscreening.DoctorswillbeabletodetectallsortsofflawsinDNAlongbeforetheycanbefixed.Insomecasestheknowledgemayleadtotreatmentsthatdelaytheonsetofthediseaseorsoftenitseffects.Someonewithageneticpredispositiontoheartdisease,forexample,couldfollowalow-fatdiet.Andifscientistsdeterminethatavitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitisdefective,theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.Butinotherinstances,almostnothingcanbedonetostoptheravagesbroughtonbygeneticmutations.

18.單選題

Morethan100()catsthatusedtoroamthestreetsinaChineseprovincehavenowbeencollectedandorganizedintoatramtofightrodentsthataredestroyingcrops.

問題1選項

A.loose

B.tamed

C.wild

D.stray

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。loose“寬松的”;tamed“馴服的,平淡的”;wild“野生的”;stray“迷路的,流浪的”。句意:100多只曾經(jīng)在中國某個省份街上流浪的貓被收留并被組織去對付破壞莊稼的嚙齒動物。

19.不定項選擇題

Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheis(1)somethingtothepublic.Notonly(2)hewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstand—hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthemto(3)him.

What(4)artistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasyto(5)butdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheir(6)intoshapesandcolors,not(7).Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,outofthecountlessbillionspossible,is(8)interestingforthemandworth(9)tous.Withouttheirwork,we(10)theseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartists.

Mostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodies(11)andrepose(休眠).Theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautiful(12).Contemporaryartistsmightsaythatthey(13)choosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.(14)eventheydonotchooseentirely(15)referencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.

Ifonepainterchoosetopaintagangrenous(壞疽的)legand(16)alakeinmoonlight,eachofthemisdirectingourattentionto(17)oftheworld.Eachpainteristellingussomething,showingussomething,emphasizingsomething—allof(18)meansthat,(19),heistryingto(20)us.

問題1選項

A.taking

B.drawing

C.singing

D.saying

問題2選項

A.will

B.does

C.should

D.shall

問題3選項

A.learn

B.learnof

C.learnfrom

D.learnabout

問題4選項

A.visible

B.viewing

C.viewable

D.visual

問題5選項

A.takeout

B.makeout

C.doout

D.speakout

問題6選項

A.happiness

B.sadness

C.experiences

D.experience

問題7選項

A.sentences

B.texts

C.phrases

D.words

問題8選項

A.exceptionally

B.excessively

C.exaggeratedly

D.exactly

問題9選項

A.toshow

B.show

C.showing

D.shown

問題10選項

A.willnevernotice

B.nevernotice

C.havenevernoticed

D.shouldneverhavenoticed

問題11選項

A.inmotion

B.inwork

C.inwalk

D.inmobile

問題12選項

A.paintings

B.sights

C.pictures

D.writings

問題13選項

A.always

B.never

C.merely

D.will

問題14選項

A.Yet

B.Therefore

C.Because

D.So

問題15選項

A.with

B.without

C.becauseof

D.because

問題16選項

A.other

B.another

C.otherwise

D.also

問題17選項

A.thenature

B.aconclusion

C.thesamething

D.acertainaspect

問題18選項

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.them

問題19選項

A.unconsciously

B.intentionally

C.consciously

D.consciouslyorunconsciously

問題20選項

A.draw

B.teach

C.observe

D.study

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】第1題:考查上下文文意義。A選項“拿”;B選項“畫”;C選項“唱”;D選項“說”。句意:每一個藝術(shù)家在心底都知道他想向公眾()什么。Notonly()hewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.(他不僅想把它說得好,而且想讓它成為以前沒有說過的東西)。這里出現(xiàn)了兩個say,所以答案應(yīng)該選D。

第2題:考查上下文文意。A選項“將”;B選項助動詞;C選項“應(yīng)該”;D選項“將要,應(yīng)該”。句意:他不僅想把它說得好,而且想讓它成為以前沒有說過的東西。這里后面半句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,所以前面句子也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Not放于句首要用部分倒裝,有情態(tài)動詞或系動詞應(yīng)該把情態(tài)動詞或系動詞提前,沒有情態(tài)動詞或者系動詞可以在主語之前加助動詞do/dose/did(根據(jù)時態(tài)和主語人稱選擇)。把情態(tài)動詞選項代入句中,不符合邏輯,所以只需要加一個助動詞。

第3題:考查動詞辨析。A選項“學習”;B選項“聽說,聽到”;C選項“向……學習”;D選項“得知關(guān)于;學習關(guān)于”。句意;他希望他們()他。根據(jù)上文“他希望公眾能傾聽并理解他想要教育他們(hewantstoteachthem)”可知“他”想要教育公眾,即希望“他們(公眾)”向他學習,因此C選擇正確。

第4題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項“看得見的;可見的”;B選項“察看,觀看;收看”;C選項“值得一看的”;D選項“視覺的,視力的;栩栩如生的”。句意:像畫家這樣的()藝術(shù)家想要教的東西很容易??芍崭裉幨切揎椝囆g(shù)家,只有D選項能和修飾藝術(shù)家,表示“視覺藝術(shù)家”,其他選項均不可,因此D選項正確。

第5題:考查詞組辨析。A選項takeout“去掉,拿走”;B選項makeout“理解,辨認”;C選項doout“打掃,收拾”D選項speakout“暢所欲言”。句意:畫家想要教的東西很(),但是很難解釋。從句中的but可以看出來前面句子的意思要和后面相反,由此可知答案選B選項。句中想表達的意思是很容易理解但是難以明說。

第6題:考查名詞辨析。A選項happiness“幸福”;B選項sadness“悲傷”;C選項experiences“經(jīng)歷”;D選項experience“經(jīng)驗”。句意:因為畫家把他們的()翻譯成形狀和顏色……。從句意可以把答案D排除;而A、B選項是同級反義詞,選了A就可以選B,所以答案選C最合適。畫家把他們的經(jīng)歷描述成形狀和顏色。

第7題:考查上下文文意。A選項sentences“句子”;B選項texts“文本”;C選項phrases段落;D選項words“文字”。句意:因為畫家把他們的經(jīng)歷翻譯成形狀和顏色而不是()。結(jié)合選項都是關(guān)于寫作相關(guān)的,前面半句顏色和形狀是畫畫里面最小的元素,所以這空也應(yīng)該選擇寫作里面最小的元素,因此答案選D。

第8題:考查副詞辨析。A選項exceptionally“異常地”;B選項excessively“過分地,極度地,多余地”;C選項exaggeratedly“夸張地”;D選項exactly“恰恰地,正好”。句意:他們似乎覺得,在無數(shù)可能的形狀和顏色中,某種選擇對他們來說是()有趣的。所以答案選A。B選項有點否定成分,所以不能選。

第9題:考查固定搭配。句意:他們似乎覺得,在無數(shù)可能的形狀和顏色中,某種選擇對他們來說是非常有趣,且值得向我們展示的。worth后面只能接-ing形式,所以答案選C。

第10題:考查時態(tài)。句意:沒有他們,我們將不會關(guān)注到這些特殊的形狀和顏色,也不會感受到它們帶給藝術(shù)家的快樂。and連接兩個并列成分,and后面句子的時態(tài)是過去完成時,所以前面也應(yīng)該選過去完成時,因此答案選D。

第11題:考查短語辨析。A選項“在活動”;B選項“在工作中”;C選項不是搭配;D選項沒有該搭配。句意:大多數(shù)藝術(shù)家的作品的形狀和顏色都來自大自然和人類()和靜止的身體。根據(jù)后文中的repose“休眠”,這里應(yīng)該填一個近義詞或反義詞;結(jié)合選項我們這里只能選A:畫家筆下的形狀和顏色來自自然和人類的一舉一動。

第12題:考查上下文文意。A選項“畫”;B選項“眼光,景色”;C選項“圖片”;D選項“寫作”。句意:他們的選擇表明這個世界的這些方面是值得一看的,它們包含著美麗的()??崭袂懊娴膖hey是指的theseaspectsoftheworld,這里指的是世界包含美麗的景色,所以答案選B。

第13題:考查上下文文意。句意:當代藝術(shù)家可能會說,他們()選擇一種提供了有趣模式

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