考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東圣翰財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東圣翰財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

AccordingtotheGhanaNationalNarcoticControlBoard（NACOB.,almostfourthousandGhanaianare（）illicitdrugswhileseveralothersarereportedtobeengagedinconstantdrugtraffickingannually.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposedto

B.attachedto

C.addictedto

D.opposedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)exposedto表示“接觸，暴露于”；B選項(xiàng)attachedto表示“附屬于，愛(ài)慕”；C選項(xiàng)addictedto表示“上癮，沉迷于”；D選項(xiàng)opposedto表示“反對(duì)”。分析句意可知，根據(jù)加納國(guó)家麻醉品管制局（NACOB.的報(bào)告，幾乎有4000加納人沉迷于毒品，而每年有數(shù)千人不斷從事販毒。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

Itisalsoimportanttohavesomethingthatcancleanwaterandkill（）,sowaterfromothersourcescanbemadesafetodrink.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plasmodia

B.bacteria

C.criteria

D.malaria

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。plasmodia“瘧原蟲(chóng)；bacteria“細(xì)菌”；criteria“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，條件”；malaria“痢疾，瘴氣”。句意：有可以清潔水并可以殺死細(xì)菌的東西很重要，這樣的話來(lái)自其他來(lái)源的水也可以安全飲用。只有清潔的水，并且水里面的細(xì)菌被殺死了，才是可以安全飲用的水。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

I’veonlyrecentlyexploredShakespearewithprofitandpleasure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acted

B.studied

C.followed

D.evaluated

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.acted表演B.studied學(xué)習(xí)，研究

C.followed跟隨D.evaluated評(píng)估

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】莎士比亞是一名已經(jīng)去世的偉大的劇作家，原詞explore“探索”，探索一位劇作家的意思應(yīng)該是“研究”他，B選項(xiàng)studied“學(xué)習(xí)，研究”與原詞語(yǔ)義最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)acted“表演”，與原詞語(yǔ)義不符；

C選項(xiàng)followed“跟隨”，與原詞語(yǔ)義不符；

D選項(xiàng)evaluated“評(píng)估”，與原詞語(yǔ)義不符。

【句意】我最近才開(kāi)始研究莎士比亞，感到受益良多、快樂(lè)無(wú)比。

4.單選題

Thisriverissowidethatitisimpossibletobuilda（

）underitwithoutmoderntechnology.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.canal

B.tunnel

C.channel

D.cable

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。canal“運(yùn)河，管道”；tunnel“隧道”；channel“通道，海峽”；cable“纜繩，電纜”。句意：這條河這么寬，要在它地下修建一條隧道沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代技術(shù)是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Whatsheachievedinherresearchmight（

）whatshehadbeenexpecting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceed

B.exclaim

C.excess

D.extend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。exceed“超過(guò)，勝過(guò)”；exclaim“大聲說(shuō)出”；excess“超過(guò)”，名詞；extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”。

句意：她在研究中的收獲可能超過(guò)她的預(yù)期。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Theofwomantomanatouruniversityisaboutfivetofour.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rate

B.proportion

C.portion

D.percentage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)raten.比率，率，等級(jí)；B選項(xiàng)proportionn.比例，占比，面積；C選項(xiàng)portionn.部分，份數(shù)；D選項(xiàng)percentagen.百分比，百分?jǐn)?shù)。根據(jù)搭配，proportion...to...表示“（兩者）比例”，因此，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

7.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場(chǎng)合中的評(píng)判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動(dòng)位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛(ài)好者，風(fēng)扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。

句意：他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)公正的人。

8.翻譯題

愛(ài)因斯坦（Einstein）曾把一位著名科學(xué)家的創(chuàng)造力歸因?yàn)椤八麤](méi)上過(guò)學(xué)，因此保留了能自由思考的能力?！笨雌饋?lái)愛(ài)因斯坦好像是在批評(píng)學(xué)校教育。實(shí)際上學(xué)校的功能是傳授知識(shí)和文明，而不只是培養(yǎng)天才。如果學(xué)校只傳授知識(shí)，就會(huì)破壞創(chuàng)造力和天才。但是，如果一個(gè)社會(huì)里都是天才，它就會(huì)解體。所以，學(xué)校教育要培養(yǎng)社會(huì)所需的各個(gè)層次的人才。

【答案】Einsteinonceascribedthecreativityofafamousscientisttothat“hehasneverwenttotheschool,sohecouldretaintheabilityofthought.”Itseemsthathewascriticizingtheschooleducation.Infact,thefunctionofschoolisnotcultivatinggeniusesbutimpartingknowledgeandadvancingcivilization.Ifschoolisjustaplacetoimpartknowledge,people’screativityandtalentwillberuined.However,asocietyinwhichpeoplearealltalentwouldbebrokendown.So,schooleducationshouldraiseall-levelgeniusesthatthesocietyneeds.

9.單選題

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveions（離子）intheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electricallychargedparticle,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargeproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorms,earthquakesofwhenwindssuchasthemistral（寒冷的西北風(fēng)）areblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricity（靜電）indoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernausea（惡心）orevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsofoundtobeaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes.Snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducethesearenearthesea,closetowaterfallsoffountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffortofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

33.Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachineswhichgenerateneuativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeopleofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsobservingtheeffectsonthemselves,oronothers,ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterall,itisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismic（地震的）readingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexcessivepositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Accordingtothepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby（）.

3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound（）.

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Somescientistsbelievethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theythinktheyareinsane.

B.Theyfeelratherbad-tempered.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings

D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nearapondwithawaterpump

B.closetoslowflowingriver

C.insomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ionizers.

B.Air-conditioners.

C.Exhaust-fans

D.Vacuum-pump

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffective

B.theunusualbehaviorsofanimalscannotbetrusted

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographisreliable

D.earthquakescannotaffectanyanimals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第二段“Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernausea（惡心）orevenmentaldisturbance.當(dāng)大量的正離子存在空氣中時(shí)，很多人經(jīng)歷不愉快的影響，如頭痛、疲勞、易怒、一些特別敏感的人遭受惡心,甚至精神障礙?？芍?dāng)空氣中存在大量正離子時(shí)，人們會(huì)變得很不舒服。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorms,earthquakesofwhenwindssuchasthemistralareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.這是在雷暴之前自然發(fā)生的，雷暴是指某些國(guó)家刮西北風(fēng)時(shí)發(fā)生的地震。也有可能是由于人造纖維制成的室內(nèi)地毯或衣物、電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)或電腦顯示屏產(chǎn)生的靜電積聚造成的?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“人造地毯上行走”正確。A項(xiàng)“家用電器”與文中提到的“電腦、電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)的顯示屏?xí)a(chǎn)生靜電”不符，并不是所有家用電器都會(huì)產(chǎn)生靜電。B項(xiàng)“naturalmaterials”與原文中的“man-madefibers”不符。D項(xiàng)“在電腦上拷貝電視節(jié)目”并沒(méi)有表明電腦在播放節(jié)目，原文提到只有顯示屏在播放節(jié)目時(shí)才會(huì)產(chǎn)生靜電，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“Naturalconditionsthatproducethesearenearthesea,closetowaterfallsoffountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.產(chǎn)生這些的自然條件是靠近大海，靠近噴泉的瀑布，或任何水被噴灑的地方，或形成一個(gè)水沫?！笨芍a(chǎn)生負(fù)離子，必須要有水快速流動(dòng)。故只有D項(xiàng)“通過(guò)旋轉(zhuǎn)器灑水的車輛”符合。

4.推理判斷題。Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeironsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachineswhichgenerateneuativeions.為了增加室內(nèi)負(fù)離子的供應(yīng)，一些科學(xué)家建議使用離子發(fā)生器:可以產(chǎn)生中性離子的小型便攜式機(jī)器。故A項(xiàng)“電離子器”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.這使得美國(guó)地理調(diào)查局(USGeographicalSurvey)資助了一個(gè)由志愿者組成的觀察動(dòng)物的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以便這些災(zāi)難襲擊加州等脆弱地區(qū)之前，就預(yù)見(jiàn)它們?！笨芍茖W(xué)家相信觀察動(dòng)物的表現(xiàn)可以有效地預(yù)測(cè)地震。故A項(xiàng)正確。BCD三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文相反。

10.單選題

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭維”；contemplate“沉思，注視”；complement“補(bǔ)充”。句意：電影導(dǎo)演用音樂(lè)來(lái)補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動(dòng)作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Thespokesmantalkedaboutthecauseoftheaccident,butthemediadidn’tseemtobuyit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirm

B.exaggerate

C.accept

D.purchase

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.confirm證實(shí)B.exaggerate夸大

C.accept接受；相信D.purchase購(gòu)買

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析與熟詞僻義

【解題思路】buy最常見(jiàn)的意義是“購(gòu)買”，但原句的主語(yǔ)是媒體，賓語(yǔ)是發(fā)言人對(duì)事故原因的解釋，“購(gòu)買”不符合該語(yǔ)境。Buy還有一個(gè)意義是“相信”，這個(gè)意義更符合語(yǔ)境，C選項(xiàng)accept“接受”，在表達(dá)接受某個(gè)觀念時(shí)，譯為“相信”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)confirm“證實(shí)”，沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

B選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸大”，沒(méi)有依據(jù)；

D選項(xiàng)purchase“購(gòu)買”，雖符合基本義，但不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】發(fā)言人談到了事故的原因，但媒體似乎并不買賬。

12.單選題

Afterhiswife'sdeath,hewasonthevergeofa（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakdown

B.breakout

C.breakin

D.breakthrough

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他的妻子過(guò)世后，他陷入了崩潰的邊緣。

考查形近詞辨析。Breakdown崩潰,倒塌,損壞,故障;breakout逃脫,越獄;breakin打斷,闖入,開(kāi)始工作;breakthrough突破,突破性進(jìn)展。由關(guān)鍵詞hiswife’sdeath(他妻子的死亡)可知A符合句意。

13.單選題

Scientistshaveacknowledgedthattointerpretananimal’sthoughtprocessesinasoundmannerre-quiresaheavydoseof（）fromourownmentalpatterns,whichweaccessintrospectively.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimation

B.calculation

C.skepticism

D.inference

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)承認(rèn)，用聲音的方式來(lái)翻譯一個(gè)動(dòng)物的思維進(jìn)程，需要從我們使用內(nèi)在的思維模式進(jìn)行大量的（）。estimation評(píng)價(jià)，估計(jì)；calculation計(jì)算；skepticism懷疑論；inference推理。故選B。

14.單選題

Thedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,assoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide.Thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,notcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anideal.constitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself,amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintentisamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety.Science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthefoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartorthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselves,toexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills,someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreedoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealoutnaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoournaturaldeath—theinevitablecorrelateofbirthandofachangingandconditionedexistence.Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.Toconfuseintelligenceanddislocatesentimentbygratuitousfictionsisashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness.Natureissoonavenged.Anunhealthyexaltationandaone-sidedmoralityhavetobefollowedbyregrettablereactions.Whenthesecome.Therealrewardsoflifemayseemvaintoarelaxedvitality,andtheverynameofvirtuemayirritateyoungspiritsuntrainedinnaturalexcellence.Thusreligiontoooftendebauchesthemoralityitcomestosanctionandimpedesthescienceitoughttofulfill.

Whatisthesecretofthisineptitude?Whydoesreligion,soneartorationalityinitspurpose,fallsoshortofitinresults?Theansweriseasy;religionpursuesrationalitythroughtheimagination.Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremoldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallfood.Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.Hencethedepthandimportanceofreligionbecomesintelligiblenolessthanitscontradictionsandpracticaldisasters.Itsobjectisthesameasthatofreason,butitsmethodistoproceedbyintuitionandbyuncheckedpoeticalconceits.

1.Asusedinthepassage,theauthorwoulddefine"wisdom"as（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,sciencediffersfromreligioninthat（

）.

4.Theauthorstatesthatreligiondiffersfromrationalityinthat（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepursuitofreligionhasprovedtobe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepursuitofrationalitythroughimagination.

B.anunemotionalsearchforthetruth.

C.apurposefulandunbiasedquestforwhatisbest.

D.ashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Religionseeksthetruththroughimagination,reason.Initssearch,utilizestheemotions.

B.Religionhasprovedanineffectivetoolinsolvingman’sproblems.

C.Scienceseeksapiecemealsolutiontoman’squestions.

D.Thefunctionsofphilosophyandreasonarethesame.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisunawareofultimategoals.

B.itisunimaginative.

C.itsfindingsareexactandfinal.

D.itresemblessocietyandart.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itreliesonintuitionratherthanreasoning.

B.itisnotconcernedwiththeultimatejustificationofitsinstinctiveaims.

C.ithasdisappointedmankind.

D.ithasinspiredmankind.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.aproviderofhopeforthefuture

C.ahighlyintellectualactivity

D.ineffectual

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出:宗教是通過(guò)想象來(lái)追逐理性，當(dāng)它解釋事件或闡明原因時(shí)，以虛構(gòu)的想象來(lái)取代科學(xué)，當(dāng)它訓(xùn)誡，暗示理想或者重塑抱負(fù)時(shí)，以想象代替智慧——智慧的意思是指有意識(shí)而又公正的追求一切好東西。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。參照第一段的第4句話，“不論我們是否遵循理性，它不會(huì)催促或責(zé)備我們，除了以事物的本來(lái)面目和比例揭示各種事物而自然而然的激起我們的感情，它并不需要我們付出任何感情?！奔蠢硇允欠歉星榈?。因此A項(xiàng)“宗教通過(guò)想象力尋求真理，而理性的探索卻運(yùn)用感情”是不正確的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段倒數(shù)第二句話:(宗教)無(wú)視目的，也不管其本能的目標(biāo)是否最終證明正確,故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段中:宗教的掙扎與不斷變化的力量似乎促使人追求某種永恒的東西，它似乎追求靈魂的最終和諧以及靈魂與靈魂所依賴的一起事物之間的永恒的和諧。因此D項(xiàng)(它激起人類情感)正確。

5.態(tài)度方向。第二段指出：我們得承認(rèn)宗教追求理性生活一直是流產(chǎn)了（很失?。?。故選D項(xiàng)(無(wú)效)。

15.單選題

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmisconceptions.（46）thetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceis（47）byyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems,toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionof（48）assertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresofselffulfillment.It（49）akindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehave（50）tobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldiscipline,is“intelligent”.（51）mentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayaneachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.Problem（52）isausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,or（53）aminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,（54）youareintelligent.Youareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweapon（55）thebigN.B.D.—NervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent”peopledonothaveN.B.D.’sbecausetheyarein（56）ofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappiness（57）depression,becausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsof（58）lives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourself（59）trulyintelligentonthebasisof（60）youchoosetofeel（61）thefaceofdifficultcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus.Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthas（62）difficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartof（63）itmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhich（64）problemstovirtuallyallhumanbeings.Butsomepeopleareabletomake（65）toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileothercollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizedproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;alsothemostrare.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.At

B.On

C.Under

D.Over

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.measured

B.meant

C.machined

D.molded

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.notion

B.disability

C.intelligence

D.misconception

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.experiences

B.encourages

C.encounters

D.exploits

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.gradually

C.been

D.being

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Hence

B.Therefore

C.Thus

D.Yet

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.finding

B.tracking

C.solving

D.killing

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.with

C.to

D.at

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.but

C.since

D.as

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.opposite

B.against

C.toward

D.across

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.power

B.place

C.charge

D.danger

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.against

B.from

C.under

D.over

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.our

C.its

D.his

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.at

C.when

D.as

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.why

C.when

D.where

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.up

B.in

C.to

D.against

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.same

B.obvious

C.varying

D.similar

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.how

C.when

D.which

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.propose

B.present

C.prosecute

D.proceed

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.them

B.that

C.their

D.it

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】46.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)At“在”；B選項(xiàng)On“在……上”；C選項(xiàng)Under“在……之下；Over“越過(guò)；在……之上”。句意：排在首列的是這樣一種觀念……。固定搭配Atthetopofthelist“在列表的頂部”。Onthetopof一般是用來(lái)說(shuō)明在某物的上部。句中的主語(yǔ)不是一個(gè)具體的事物，可排除。Under與top詞義相反，不可搭配使用。Overthetopof一般是指懸空在上方，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

47.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)measured“測(cè)量”；B選項(xiàng)meant“意味著”；C選項(xiàng)machined“機(jī)器加工”；D選項(xiàng)molded“用模子塑造”。句意：排在首位的是這樣一種觀念：智力是由你解決復(fù)雜問(wèn)題的能力來(lái)……的。而且根據(jù)后面的介詞by，可知空格內(nèi)填入measured最為恰當(dāng)。短語(yǔ)bemeasuredby“由……來(lái)衡量”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

48.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)notion“概念；見(jiàn)解”；B選項(xiàng)disability“無(wú)能；無(wú)資格”；C選項(xiàng)intelligence“智力；才智”；D選項(xiàng)misconception“誤解”。句意：這種……觀認(rèn)為正規(guī)教育和優(yōu)秀的書卷氣是衡量自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的真正標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)指示代詞this指代上一句的thenotion，由thenotion后面的that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)容可知談?wù)摰氖顷P(guān)于intelligence的看法。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

49.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)experiences“經(jīng)歷”；B選項(xiàng)encourages“鼓勵(lì)；激勵(lì)”；C選項(xiàng)encounters“遭遇”；D選項(xiàng)exploits“開(kāi)發(fā)；剝削”。句意：它……了一種智力偏見(jiàn)，并帶來(lái)了一些令人沮喪的結(jié)果。由后面說(shuō)到的帶來(lái)了一些令人沮喪的結(jié)果可知，一定是智力偏見(jiàn)加劇后從而得到的結(jié)果。encourage也有“助長(zhǎng)”的意義，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

50.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)come“來(lái)”；B選項(xiàng)gradually“逐漸地”；C選項(xiàng)been“是；有”，be的過(guò)去分詞；D選項(xiàng)being“是；有”，be的現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：我們……相信。固定搭配havecometodo“已經(jīng)開(kāi)始”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

51.考查語(yǔ)義邏輯。A選項(xiàng)Hence“因此”；B選項(xiàng)Therefore“因此”；C選項(xiàng)Thus“因此”；D選項(xiàng)Yet“然而；但是”。前一句說(shuō)的是我們開(kāi)始相信，那些獲得更多教育獎(jiǎng)?wù)?、擅長(zhǎng)某種形式的學(xué)校紀(jì)律的人是“聰明的”?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容是精神病院的病人都擁有所有正確的證書。兩個(gè)句子存在一種轉(zhuǎn)折，得了很多證書拿了獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的人是聰明的，然而精神病院的病人也大多收獲了很多證書。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

52.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)finding“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)tracking“追蹤；跟蹤”；C選項(xiàng)solving“解決”；D選項(xiàng)killing“殺死”。句意：……問(wèn)題對(duì)你的幸福是有幫助的。可以與problem“問(wèn)題”搭配的是發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，或者是解決問(wèn)題。根據(jù)后一句的關(guān)鍵詞resolve“解決”可知，這里是在說(shuō)解決問(wèn)題對(duì)幸福是有幫助的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

53.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)for“為了；對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)with“和；具有”；C選項(xiàng)to“朝；位于”；D選項(xiàng)at“在；以”。句意：或者……拒絕選擇不快樂(lè)。固定搭配ataminimum“至少”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

54.考查語(yǔ)義邏輯。A選項(xiàng)then“那么”；B選項(xiàng)but“但是”；C選項(xiàng)since“因?yàn)椤?；D選項(xiàng)as“因?yàn)?；正如”。前面的句子是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：但如果你知道自己無(wú)法解決某個(gè)特定的問(wèn)題，你仍然可以為自己選擇快樂(lè)，或者至少拒絕選擇不快樂(lè)，……你是聰明的。此句的邏輯關(guān)系是，如果……那么……。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

55.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)opposite“在……對(duì)面”；B選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì)；針對(duì)”；C選項(xiàng)toward“向；對(duì)于”；D選項(xiàng)across“穿過(guò)”。句意：你很聰明，因?yàn)槟阌小窠?jīng)崩潰的終極武器。由此可知，句中是因?yàn)橛形淦骺梢詫?duì)抗神經(jīng)崩潰。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

56.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)power“力量；權(quán)力”；B選項(xiàng)place“地方；住所”；C選項(xiàng)charge“費(fèi)用；掌管”；D選項(xiàng)danger“危險(xiǎn)；威脅”。句意：聰明的人不會(huì)有神經(jīng)崩潰的時(shí)候，因?yàn)樗麄兡堋约?。固定搭配beinchargeof“負(fù)責(zé)；掌控”。與文中第一段的Takingchargeofyourself相呼應(yīng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

57.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì)；針對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)from“從；從……到”；C選項(xiàng)under“在……下面”；D選項(xiàng)over“在……上面，穿越”。句意：他們知道如何……沮喪選擇快樂(lè)，因?yàn)樗麄冎廊绾翁幚硭麄兩钪械膯?wèn)題。意思是聰明的人知道如何選擇快樂(lè)而不是沮喪，在沮喪面前直達(dá)快樂(lè)的方法是越過(guò)沮喪，不去沾染。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

58.考查物主代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)their“他們的”；B選項(xiàng)our“我們的”；C選項(xiàng)its“它的”；D選項(xiàng)his“他的”，本句的主語(yǔ)是they他們。句意：因?yàn)樗麄冎廊绾翁幚怼钪械膯?wèn)題。物主代詞應(yīng)該與主語(yǔ)保持一致。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

59.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)for“為了；對(duì)于”；B選項(xiàng)at“在；向”；C選項(xiàng)when“何時(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)as“作為；像”。句意：你可以開(kāi)始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的。固定搭配thinkof…as…“認(rèn)為……是……”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

60.考查連接詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)how“怎樣；如何”；B選項(xiàng)why“為什么”；C選項(xiàng)when“什么時(shí)候”；D選項(xiàng)where“在哪里”。句意：你可以開(kāi)始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的，根據(jù)你是在艱難環(huán)境中是……選擇的。連接詞中不需要使用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，后面接的是肯定句。因此可排除B，C，D選項(xiàng)。how可以用作從句中feel的表語(yǔ)，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

61.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)up“在……之上”；B選項(xiàng)in“在……內(nèi)”；C選項(xiàng)to“朝；對(duì)于”；D選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì)；針對(duì)”。句意：你可以開(kāi)始認(rèn)為自己是真正聰明的，取決于你在面對(duì)困境時(shí)所選擇的感受。固定搭配inthefaceof“面對(duì)”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

62.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)same“相同的；同一的”；B選項(xiàng)obvious“明顯的；顯著的”；C選項(xiàng)varying“不同的；易變的”；D選項(xiàng)similar“相似的”。句意：每個(gè)人在任何社會(huì)背景下與其他交往的人都有……的困難。后面就開(kāi)始解釋我們都可能會(huì)遇到的困難，而每個(gè)人的處境不同所遇到的困難是無(wú)法達(dá)到一模一樣的。根據(jù)后面的Similarly“相似地；類似地”，可以更加肯定空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入相似的困難，剛好也能與后文相呼應(yīng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

63.考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)what“什么”；B選項(xiàng)how“怎樣”；C選項(xiàng)when“什么時(shí)候”；D選項(xiàng)which“哪一個(gè)”。空格前是介詞of后需要一個(gè)連接詞，構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。疑問(wèn)副詞不能夠充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分，可首先排除B，C選項(xiàng)?？梢钥吹劫e語(yǔ)從句的形式主語(yǔ)是it，tobehuman才是真正的主語(yǔ)。句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞means“意味著”缺少賓語(yǔ)。句意：各種分歧、矛盾、妥協(xié)是人類存在的真正意義的一部分。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

64.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)propose“建議；求婚”；B選項(xiàng)present“提出；出現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)prosecute“檢舉；起訴”；D選項(xiàng)proceed“開(kāi)始；進(jìn)行”。句意：同樣，金錢、衰老、疾病、死亡、自然災(zāi)害和事故是所有的幾乎給所有人……困難的事件。這些不可抗力的事情都是會(huì)給人帶來(lái)困難的。present…to…“給予；出現(xiàn)在”；此處是給予不美好的事物，可譯為“帶來(lái)”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

65.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)them“他們”；B選項(xiàng)that“那；那個(gè)”；C選項(xiàng)their“他們的”；D選項(xiàng)it“它”。句意：但是有些人能夠做到。固定搭配makeit“成功；成功做到”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Please（）fromsmokinguntiltheaeroplaneisairborne.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refrain

B.prevent

C.resist

D.restrain

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。refrainfrom克制，抑制，忍?。籶reventfrom阻止，制止；resist一般與to搭配，意為“抵抗，反抗”；restrain的用法為restrainsb.fromdoingsth.,意為“阻止某人做某事”。這里指克制住抽煙的沖動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

17.單選題

Womenhavesignificantadvantagesovermeninspacebecausetheyneedlessfoodandlessoxygenandthey（）radiationbetter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standinwith

B.standinfor

C.standupfor

D.standupto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在太空中，女性比男性有著顯著的優(yōu)勢(shì)，因?yàn)樗齻冃枰氖澄锖脱鯕飧?，而且她們更能抵抗輻射?/p>

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。standinwith與……聯(lián)合，合謀;standinfor代替;standupfor支持，堅(jiān)持，standupto經(jīng)得起，抵抗?？崭裉幍馁e語(yǔ)是“輻射”，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

WheneverIhearaweatherreportdeclaringit’sthehottestJune10onrecordorwhatever,Ican’ttakeittooseriously,because“ever”reallymeans“aslongastherecordsgohack”,whichisonlyasfarasthelate1800s.Scientistshaveotherwaysofmeasuringtemperaturesbeforethat,though—notforindividualdates,buttheycantelltheaveragetemperatureofagivenyearbysuchproxymeasurementsasgrowthmarksincorals,depositsinoceanandlakesediments,andcoresdrilledintoglacialice.Theycanevenusedrawingsofglaciersastherewerehundredsofyearsagocomparedwithtoday.

Andinthemostcomprehensivecompilationofsuchdatatodate,saysanewreportfromtheNationalResearchCouncil,itlooksprettycertainthatthelastfewdecadeshavebeenhotterthananycomparableperiodinthelast400years.That’sablowtothosewhoclaimthecurrentwarmspellisjustpartofthenaturalupanddownofaveragetemperatures—afrequentassertionoftheglobal-warming-doubterscrowd.

Thereportwastriggeredbydoubtsaboutpast-climateclaimsmadelastyearbyclimatologistMichaelMann,oftheUniversityofVirginia(he’sthecreatorofthe“hockeystick”graphA1Goreusedin“AnInconvenientTruth”todramatizetheriseincarbondioxideinrecentyears).Mannclaimedthattherecentwarmingwasunprecedentedinthepastthousandyears—thatledCongresstoorderupanassessmentbytheprestigiousResearchCouncil.Theirconclusionwasthatathousandyearswasreasonable,butnotoverwhelminglysupportedbythedata.Butthepast400was—soresoundinglythatitfullysupportstheclaimthattoday’stemperaturesareunnaturallywarm,justasglobalwarmingtheoryhasbeenpredictingforahundredyears.Andifthere’sanydoubtaboutwhethertheseproxymeasurementsarereallylegitimate,theNRCscientistscomparedthemwithactualtemperaturedatafromthemostrecentcentury,whenrealthermometerswereinwidespreaduse.Thematchwasmoreorlessrighton.

InthepastnearlytwodecadessinceTIMEfirstputglobalwarmingonthecover,then,theargumentagainstithasgonefrom“itisn’thappening”to“it’shappening,butit’snatural”,to“it’smostlynatural”—andnow,itseems,thatassertiontooisgoingtohavetodropaway.Indeed,Rep.SherwoodBoehlert,theNewYorkRepublicanwhochairstheHouseScienceCommitteeandwhoaskedforthereportdeclaredthatitdidnothingtosupportthenotionofacontroversyoverglobalwarmingscience—acontroversythatopponentskeepinsistingisalive.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydealwith?

2.Whatis“proxymeasurement”inParagraph1likelytoreferto?

3.WhatdoesthereportfromNRCindicate?

4.WhichofthestatementisNOTtrueconcerningthecontroversyaboutglobalwarming?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsglobalwarmingtheory?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thethreatofglobalwarming.

B.Themeasurementofsolvingglobalwarming.

C.Thetendencyofearth’sbecominghotter.

D.Theassessmentofearth’stemperature.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Takingadvantageofpreviouspictures.

B.Usingcluesleftfromthepast.

C.Studyingthecharacteristicsofglaciers.

D.Measuringthegrowthsignsofaquaticorganism.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theearthreachesthehighesttemperatureinthehistory.

B.Theproxymeasurementsarereliable.

C.Theearthwillbecomewarmer.

D.ItissomewhatsuspiciousofMichaelMann’sassertion.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thosesuspiciousofglobalwarmingtakeaninconsistentstanceontheissue.

B.Theargumentendsinthedefeatofglobal-warming-doubters.