考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東第一醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東第一醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,“Allthatisneededforthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing.”O(jiān)nesuchcausenowseekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverightsrulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvancesinhealthknowledgeandcare.Leadersoftheanimalrightsmovementtargetbiomedicalresearchbecauseitdependsonpublicfunding,andfewpeopleunderstandtheprocessofhealthcareresearch.Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.

Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanythingthatcomesfromoristestedinanimals—nomeat,nofur,nomedicines.Askedifsheopposedimmunizations,shewantedtoknowifvaccinescomefromanimalresearch.Whenassuredthattheydo,shereplied,“ThenIwouldhavetosayyes.”Askedwhatwillhappenwhenepidemicsreturn,shesaid,“Don’tworry,scientistswillfindsomewayofusingcomputers.”Suchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon’tunderstand.

Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacompassionate,understandableway—inhumanterms,notinthelanguageofmolecularbiology.Weneedtomakecleartheconnectionbetweenanimalresearchandagrandmother’shipreplacement,afather’sbypassoperation,ababy’svaccinations,andevenapet’sshots.Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.

Muchcanbedone.Scientistscould“adopt”middleschoolclassesandpresenttheirownresearch.Theyshouldbequicktorespondtoletterstotheeditor,lestanimalrightsmisinformationgounchallengedandacquireadeceptiveappearanceoftruth.Researchinstitutionscouldbeopenedtotours,toshowthatlaboratoryanimalsreceivehumanecare.Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonlywell-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.Ifgoodpeopledonothingthereisarealpossibilitythatanuninformedcitizenrywillextinguishthepreciousembersofmedicalprogress.

1.TheauthorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke’swordsto（）.

2.Misledpeopletendtothinkthatusingananimalinresearchis（）.

3.Theexampleofthegrandmotherlywomanisusedtoshowthepublic’s（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthat,infaceofthechallengefromanimalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould（）.

5.FromthetextwelearnthatStephenCooperis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.callonscientiststotakesomeactions

B.criticizethemisguidedcauseofanimalrights

C.warnofthedoomofbiomedicalresearch

D.showthetriumphoftheanimalrightsmovement

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.cruelbutnatural

B.inhumanandunacceptable

C.inevitablebutvicious

D.pointlessandwasteful

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.discontentwithanimalresearch

B.ignoranceaboutmedicalscience

C.indifferencetoepidemics

D.anxietyaboutanimalrights

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.communicatemorewiththepublic

B.employhi-techmeansinresearch

C.feelnoshamefortheircause

D.strivetodevelopnewcures

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.awell-knownhumanist

B.amedicalpractitioner

C.anenthusiastinanimalrights

D.asupporterofanimalresearch

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:本題考查了考生對(duì)作者意圖的把握。定位到第一段，EdmundBurke這句話的意思是“好人的不作為就是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)想要盛行所需要的所有條件”，可以看出這是在諷刺好人不去做出應(yīng)有的行為，再緊接著后文也提到“現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)組織他們呼吁不要用動(dòng)物來(lái)做實(shí)驗(yàn)，動(dòng)物也有自己的權(quán)利，而科學(xué)家必須采取行動(dòng)來(lái)回復(fù)這些人”，可以得出，作者的目的是呼吁科學(xué)家們行動(dòng)起來(lái)，因此答案為A。

第2題:本題是細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干中說(shuō)“tendtothink”提示我們答案可能在文中沒有直接體現(xiàn)，需要我們結(jié)合原文進(jìn)行推理，推理出這些被誤導(dǎo)的人們對(duì)于動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)是何種態(tài)度，題干關(guān)鍵詞就是“misledpeople”，可以幫我們定位到第一段，最后一句說(shuō)“當(dāng)人們聽到醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)殘忍對(duì)待動(dòng)物的指控時(shí)，許多人都不明白為什么有人會(huì)故意傷害動(dòng)物”。第二段是一個(gè)具體的被誤導(dǎo)的祖母般的女士的例子，但是文中只是說(shuō)她反對(duì)用動(dòng)物來(lái)做研究。第三段最后一句非常關(guān)鍵：“對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)得好是浪費(fèi)，說(shuō)得不好是殘忍”。從以上的分析可以看出，受到誤導(dǎo)的人們認(rèn)為用動(dòng)物做研究是殘酷的、不可思議的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B最符合原文。A中雖然提到了“cruel”，但是“natural”不對(duì)，因?yàn)楸徽`導(dǎo)的人們不可能認(rèn)為那是普通的事情。C說(shuō)的是“不可避免的，但是邪惡的”，也不正確，因?yàn)槲恼轮袥]有提到不可避免這個(gè)說(shuō)法。D項(xiàng)說(shuō)的是“毫無(wú)意義，浪費(fèi)的”，文中沒有提到毫無(wú)意義這個(gè)意思。

第3題:這也是一道作者意圖題，例子說(shuō)的是一位老太太向大家發(fā)傳單，呼吁大家不要用任何來(lái)自于動(dòng)物或在動(dòng)物身上試驗(yàn)過(guò)的東西。當(dāng)她被問及是否反對(duì)使用疫苗時(shí)，老太太說(shuō)，若疫苗也來(lái)源于動(dòng)物，那么就不應(yīng)使用疫苗，流行病自有科學(xué)家們用計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)解決?？梢娎咸珜?duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知。而她的這種無(wú)知是很普遍的。作者在第二段最后一句話感嘆“這些好心人壓根兒就不明白”，所以答案為B。A說(shuō)的是公眾對(duì)動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)的不滿。但是，老太太的例子不僅是為了說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)，這個(gè)例子反映的不僅是他們的不滿，更多的要透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，全文來(lái)看，作者的目的是為了指出公眾不滿的根源——對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)研究不了解，然后號(hào)召科學(xué)家們針對(duì)這個(gè)根源采取行動(dòng)。因此老太太的例子是為了反映公眾的無(wú)知。

第4題:這里考查的是作者的態(tài)度題，解答這類問題時(shí)，考生需要代入作者的思維，從全文把握作者的感情色彩，作者對(duì)這個(gè)事件的看法，然后根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞去定位具體細(xì)節(jié)處。本題關(guān)鍵詞“challengefromanimalrightsadvocates”以及“sientitsshould”，解題線索可在最后兩段中找出。作者向科學(xué)家們提出的建議都是有助于他們與公眾更好的交流。答案很明顯是A。選項(xiàng)B、C以及D貌似合理，其實(shí)文中都沒有提到。

第5題:這是一道細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干問我們StephenCooper是一個(gè)什么身份的人，我們根據(jù)人名定位到最后一段，我們可以找到線索“Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,…courageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.”，這句話告訴我們Cooper是個(gè)名人，同時(shí)也曾經(jīng)生病過(guò)，他是高度贊揚(yáng)過(guò)動(dòng)物研究的，因此，我們可以得出他是動(dòng)物研究的支持者。答案為D。

2.單選題

“Youtrytogetsomesleep.I'll（）thepatientsbreakfast,”saidthenurse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.seeto

B.stickto

C.getto

D.leadto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。seeto“注意，負(fù)責(zé)”；stickto“堅(jiān)持”；getto“到達(dá)”；leadto“導(dǎo)致，通向”。句意：這位護(hù)士說(shuō)：“你去睡一會(huì)吧，我會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)病人的早餐的”。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinbum,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclose

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclose“公開，揭露”；B選項(xiàng)exhibition“展覽，顯示，展覽會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)contact“使接觸，聯(lián)系”；D選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光，揭露”。句意：過(guò)多_____在X射線下會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚燒傷、癌癥或其他身體損傷。這里考查了固定搭配exposureto“暴露于”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinagediscriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,andcaseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.

Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious(虛構(gòu)的)entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.

Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkerswhentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.

Fromtheemployer’sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employersmaybelesslikelytoremoveprotectedolderworkersbecausetheystillfearlawsuits.Onethingwedoknowisthatonceanolderworkerlosesajob,heorsheismuchlesslikelytofindanewjobthanayoungerworkeris.

Unfortunately,theeffectoflegislationprohibitingagediscriminationisnoteasytoseeandmayactuallybepartofthereasonitissodifficultforolderworkerstofindemployment.Ifitismoredifficulttofireanolderworkerthanayoungerworker,afirmwillbelesslikelytowanttohireolderworkers.Indeed,myresearchfindsthatinstateswhereworkershavelongertimetobringalawsuitclaim,oldermenworkfewerweeksperyear,arelesslikelytobehired,andlesslikelytobefiredthanmeninstateswheretheydonothaveasmuch.

NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.However,legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanacea(萬(wàn)靈藥).Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.

1.Alotofcasesofagediscriminationarenotfoundbecause（）

2.ThelabormarketexperimentinBostonshowsthat（）

3.Whatmayleadtotheincreaseofdiscriminationlawsuitsduringtimesofhighunemployment?

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthat（）

5.Theauthoris（）whenheanalyzestheagediscriminationissue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecently.

B.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon’tsueexceptthewhites.

C.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthem.

D.manydiscriminatedpeopledon’tsueandcostsofalawsuitoutweighpotentialbenefits.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterparts.

B.agediscriminationisquitecommoninhiringprocess.

C.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicants.

D.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination.

B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination.

C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepast.

B.allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementinthepast.

C.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan’tfreeoldworkersfromagediscrimination.

D.therecentproposedcongressionallegislationisineffective.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.partial

C.objective

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected（雇傭歧視的案例往往沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。），接下來(lái)第三段說(shuō)明了沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因，由第三段第二句Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.（在大多數(shù)情況下，其他團(tuán)體不會(huì)起訴，因?yàn)樵V訟的成本超過(guò)了潛在的利益。）可知，很多年齡歧視的案例沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槿藗儧]有起訴，而且起訴的成本高于利益。因此D選項(xiàng)“許多受歧視的人不起訴，而且訴訟的成本超過(guò)了潛在的利益?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視法最近剛剛出臺(tái)”，文中沒有具體說(shuō)年齡歧視法出臺(tái)的時(shí)間，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“除了白人，其他受歧視的群體不起訴”，文章說(shuō)的是大多數(shù)提起訴訟的都是白人，而不是其他群體不起訴，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視案件數(shù)量龐大，很難全部發(fā)現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)文章第二段第二句WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct（考慮到《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》所涵蓋的工人人數(shù)，這個(gè)數(shù)字很?。┛芍挲g歧視案件的數(shù)量并不多，所以C錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)abormarketexperimentinBoston”可以定位到文章第四段，由第四段第一句Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.（有強(qiáng)有力的實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)表明，在招聘中存在年齡歧視，至少在入門級(jí)工作中是如此。）可知，年齡歧視在招聘過(guò)程中很普遍。因此B選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視在招聘過(guò)程中很常見?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“年輕的男性求職者比女性求職者更有可能被錄用”，文章說(shuō)的是年齡歧視，而不是性別歧視，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“作者通過(guò)面試女性申請(qǐng)者收集信息”，作者是通過(guò)投遞女性求職者的簡(jiǎn)歷來(lái)做調(diào)查，而不是面試女性，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“50歲的女性應(yīng)聘者將永遠(yuǎn)沒有機(jī)會(huì)得到工作”，文章說(shuō)的是年輕的求職者比50歲以上的求職者接到面試通知的可能性高，而不是50歲的女性永遠(yuǎn)找不到工作，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“highunemployment”可以定位到文章第五段最后一句Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.（在高失業(yè)率時(shí)期，訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本比經(jīng)濟(jì)景氣時(shí)要低。），說(shuō)明高失業(yè)率時(shí)期訴訟成本降低會(huì)導(dǎo)致訴訟案件增加。因此C選項(xiàng)“訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本降低?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視的增加”，B選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視的減少”，根據(jù)第五段第二句butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.（但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)本身并不表明年齡歧視水平的增加）可知訴訟案件的增加和年齡歧視的多少無(wú)關(guān)，所以A，B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本增加”和C選項(xiàng)是相反的，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段，由最后一段第一句NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.（沒有多少人會(huì)建議我們回到《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》出臺(tái)之前的時(shí)代，在那個(gè)時(shí)代，招聘廣告會(huì)明確指出他們?cè)敢夤蛡虻娜说木唧w年齡。）可知，在過(guò)去雇主可以指定他們想雇傭的人的年齡。因此A選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去的雇主可以指定他們想雇傭的人的年齡?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去所有的雇主都是通過(guò)廣告招聘工人的”，在文中沒有提及，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“禁止歧視的立法不能使老年工人免受年齡歧視”，根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.（最近提出的國(guó)會(huì)立法可能對(duì)潛在的老年工人產(chǎn)生正面和負(fù)面的影響。）可知，立法對(duì)解決年齡歧視問題是有一定積極影響的，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“最近提出的國(guó)會(huì)立法是無(wú)效的”，在文中沒有提及，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第一段說(shuō)到年齡歧視情況很多時(shí)候不被發(fā)現(xiàn)，接下來(lái)分析原因，講到立法效果不明顯等，這些都是事實(shí)和現(xiàn)狀，作者不帶自己的主觀色彩，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)年齡歧視問題的闡述態(tài)度是客觀的。因此C選項(xiàng)“客觀的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“悲觀的”，B選項(xiàng)“部分的”，D選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”都不能說(shuō)明作者的態(tài)度，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

5.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（

）off.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.screened

D.separated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免，避開”；exclude“排除，不包括”；screen“篩，拍攝，放映”；separate“分開，隔開”。句意：不同種類的宇宙線從外太空穿透空氣，但是大量的太陽(yáng)輻射都被阻擋了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Casesinvolvingyoungpeopleunder18areheardinspeciallyconstitutedchildrencourts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.junior

B.youth

C.infantile

D.juvenile

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)junior“年輕人（是一個(gè)相對(duì)的概念，比……年輕/低一等級(jí)）”；B選項(xiàng)youth“青年，青春（一般指10歲到20歲多一點(diǎn)的男青年）”；C選項(xiàng)infantile“嬰兒的”；D選項(xiàng)juvenile“青少年的，幼稚的（是法律用語(yǔ)）”。句意：涉及18歲以下青少年的案件由專門設(shè)立的兒童法庭審理。由于原句是涉及到法庭案件，并且兒童是年紀(jì)稍小的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

PresidentArlinghasputhislong-awaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.Itprovidesacoordinatedprogramofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationalreforms,andtaxchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymorecompetitive.Thisisnecessarytoreversetheeconomicslideintounemployment,lackofgrowth,andtradedeficitsthathaveplaguedtheeconomyforthepastsixyears.ThemostliberalwingofthePresident’spartyhascalledforstrongerandmoredirectaction.TheywantanincomespolicytocheckinflationwhileFederalfinancinghelpsrebuildindustrybehindawallofprotectivetariffs.TheRepublicans,however,decryeventhemodest,graduatedtaxincreasesinthePresident’sprogram.

Theywanttaxcutsandamoreopenmarket.TheysayifFederalmoneyhastobeinjectedintotheeconomy,letitthroughdefencespending.

Boththesealternativesignoretheuniquenatureoftheeconomicproblembeforeus.Itisnotsimplyamatterofmarketsorfinancing.Thenewtechnologyallowsvastlyincreasedproductionforthoseabletomasterit.

Butitalsothreatensthosewhofailtoadoptitwithpermanentsecond-classcitizenshipintheworldeconomy.Ifanindustrycannotleveritselfuptotheleadingstageoftechnologicaladvances,thenitwillnotbeabletocompeteeffectively.Ifitcannotdothis,noamountofgovernmentprotectionismoraccesstoforeignmarketscankeepitprofitableforlong.

Withouttheprofitsandexperienceoftechnologicalexcellencetoreinvest,thatindustrycanonlyfallstillfurtherbehinditsforeigncompetitors.

SothecruxisthetechnologyandthatiswherethePresident’sprogramfocused.Thedangerisnotthataplanwillnotbepassed,itisthattheideologuesofrightandleftwilldistortthebillwithamendmentsthatwillbluritsfocusontechnology.Theeconomicrestructuringplanshouldbepassedintact.

Ifwefailtorestructureoureconomynow,wemaynotgetasecondchance.

1.ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison_____.

2.WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?

3.Whatistheeditor’sattitude?

4.Thedangertotheplanliesin_______.

5.Thepassageis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investment

B.economy

C.technology

D.tax

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Support.

B.Distaste.

C.Disapproval.

D.Compromise.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thetwoparties’objection

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplan

C.itspassage

D.distortion

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.areview

B.apreface

C.anadvertisement

D.aneditorial

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison____.總統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)是____。

A.investmentA.投資

B.economyB.經(jīng)濟(jì)

C.technologyC.技術(shù)

D.taxD.稅收

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息focusofthePresident’sprogram可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第一句，該處講到“所以關(guān)鍵是技術(shù)，這也是總統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)所在（thecruxisthetechnology）”因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“投資”，是總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃中涉及到的部分但并不是關(guān)鍵，屬于本末倒置；

B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)”，范圍太廣，太籠統(tǒng)；

D選項(xiàng)“稅收”，是總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃中的一部分但也不是關(guān)鍵，屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?民主黨中最自由派的要求是什么？

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.A.他們想要一個(gè)更直接的行動(dòng)。

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.B.他們想要一個(gè)收入政策來(lái)遏制通貨膨脹。

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.C.他們想重建工業(yè)。

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.D.他們想要保護(hù)性關(guān)稅壁壘。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.1第四句，該處講到“總統(tǒng)政黨中最自由的一派呼吁采取更有力、更直接的行動(dòng)（strongerandmoredirectaction）”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他們想要一個(gè)收入政策來(lái)遏制通貨膨脹”，屬于行動(dòng)中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“他們想重建工業(yè)”，屬于行動(dòng)中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他們想要保護(hù)性關(guān)稅壁壘”也是該行動(dòng)中的一部分，以偏概全。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatistheeditor’sattitude?編者的態(tài)度是什么？??

A.Support.A.支持。

B.Distaste.B.厭惡。

C.Disapproval.C.反對(duì)。

D.Compromise.D.妥協(xié)。

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】文中作者說(shuō)到“如果一個(gè)行業(yè)不能把自己提升到技術(shù)進(jìn)步的領(lǐng)先階段，那么它就不能有效地競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。也就是說(shuō)作者贊同新計(jì)劃，發(fā)展新技術(shù)。同時(shí)他還強(qiáng)調(diào)了新技術(shù)在未來(lái)發(fā)展的作用。作者又提到“如果我們現(xiàn)在不能重組我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)，我們可能不會(huì)有第二次機(jī)會(huì)?！币虼俗髡叩膽B(tài)度應(yīng)該是支持的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B“厭惡”、C“反對(duì)”、D“妥協(xié)”選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thedangertotheplanliesin____.這個(gè)計(jì)劃的危險(xiǎn)在于____。

A.thetwoparties’objectionA.雙方的反對(duì)意見

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplanB.雙方對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃有不同的看法

C.itspassageC.它的通過(guò)

D.distortionD.扭曲；曲解

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息dangertotheplan可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句，該處講到“在于左右兩派的理論家會(huì)通過(guò)修正來(lái)扭曲法案（distortthebillwithamendments）”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“雙方的反對(duì)意見”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“雙方對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃有不同的看法”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“它的通過(guò)”，文中明確提到“危險(xiǎn)不在于一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃不會(huì)被通過(guò)”，因此C選項(xiàng)為反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thepassageis____.這篇文章是____。

A.areview

A.一個(gè)回顧

B.aprefaceB.一個(gè)前言

C.anadvertisementC.一則廣告

D.aneditorialD.一篇社論

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，該文章是作者對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃的客觀描述。這是對(duì)大事件的報(bào)道。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)回顧”，指回想過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情。而該文章描述的是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃，因此屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)前言”，指寫在書或者文章前的序言或?qū)а?，該篇文章是一個(gè)陳述并非引導(dǎo)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“一則廣告”，廣告應(yīng)該要宣傳什么，不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于無(wú)中生有。

8.單選題

Hemighthavebeenkilled（

）thearrivalofthepolice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceptfor

B.butfor

C.with

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。butfor“要不是，如果沒有”；exceptfor“除了…以外”。句意：要不是警察來(lái)了，他可能已經(jīng)被殺了。mighthavebeenkilled是對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inlinewith“與……一致”；B選項(xiàng)forthesakeof“為了”；C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬(wàn)一”；D選項(xiàng)attheriskof“冒著……的危險(xiǎn)”。句意：我總是在早上較早離開家去上學(xué)______交通堵塞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指早點(diǎn)出門是為了不想堵車，C選項(xiàng)incaseof“以防萬(wàn)一”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Therailroadindustrycouldnothavegrownaslargeasitdidwithoutsteel.Thefirstrailsweremadeofiron.Butironrailswerenotstrongenoughtosupportheavytrainsrunningathighspeeds.Railroadexecutiveswantedtoreplacethemwithsteelrailsbecausesteelwastenorfifteentimesstrongerandlastedtwentylimeslonger.Beforethe1870’s,however,steelwastooexpensivetobewidelyused.Itwasmadebyaslowandexpensiveprocessofheating,stirring,andreheatingironore.

ThentheinventorHenryBessemerdiscoveredthatdirectingablastofairatmeltedironinafurnacewouldbumouttheimpuritiesthatmadetheironbrittle.Astheairshotthroughthefurnace,thebubblingmetalwoulderuptinshowersofsparks.Whenthefirecooled,themetalhadbeenchanged,orconverted,tosteel.TheBessemerconvertermadepossiblethemassproductionofsteel.Nowthreetofivetonsofironcouldbechangedintosteelinamatterofminutes.

【答案】沒有鋼鐵，鐵路工業(yè)不可能發(fā)展到今天的規(guī)模。第一段鐵軌是鐵做的。但是鐵制鐵軌還不夠堅(jiān)硬，承受不了沉重的火車高速運(yùn)行。鐵路高管們想用鋼軌取代鐵軌，因?yàn)殇摫辱F堅(jiān)硬10-15倍，而且使用壽命是鐵的20倍。然而，在19世紀(jì)70年代以前，鋼由于太貴而沒有得到廣泛使用。鋼的煉制過(guò)程漫長(zhǎng)，并且成本高，首先要加熱，然后攪拌，最后重新加熱鐵礦。

后來(lái)亨利?貝塞麥發(fā)現(xiàn)在煉鐵的時(shí)候往熔爐里的鐵水輸送空氣可以燃燒掉那些使鐵易碎的雜志。因?yàn)榭諝膺M(jìn)入熔爐時(shí)，熔漿便會(huì)噴出火花束。當(dāng)火冷卻后，鐵就變成鋼了。貝塞麥轉(zhuǎn)爐的大規(guī)模使用使得鋼的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)成為可能?，F(xiàn)在3-5噸鐵轉(zhuǎn)化成鋼只要幾分鐘時(shí)間。

11.單選題

GreatBritainandFrancewillholda（）regardingsomeEuropeaneconomicproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conference

B.reference

C.conversion

D.cooperation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conference“會(huì)議，討論，協(xié)商”；B選項(xiàng)reference“參考，涉及”；C選項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項(xiàng)cooperation“合作”。句意：英國(guó)和法國(guó)將就一些歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)問題舉行會(huì)議。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

12.單選題

TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.Thisispreciselytheproblem:thatsource,PhilipRoth’s2000novelisnotespeciallysober,scrupulousorrespectful.Itisanangry,ungainlysquallyofabook,aclamorousdefenseofsexualvitalityinanageofPuritancensoriousnessandalyricalinquiryintothemysteriesofrace,oldageandrecent.Americanhistory.LikemuchofMr.Roth’srecentwork,TheHumanStainburstswithcharactersandideas,anditsapparentlyhaphazardorganizationdisguisesanelegantandcunningnarrativestrategy.

ThefilmmakersexplicateMr.Roth’sthemeswithadmirableclarityandcareandobservehischaracterswithdelicatefondness,buttheycannothopetoapproximatethebrillianceandrapacityofhisvoice,whichholdsallthenovels’disparateelementstogether.WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.Itspeoplewanderthroughastrangelyartificiallandscape,andtheideashoverintheairabovethemlikecloudspaintedonabackdrop.

ZuckermanplayedbyGarySinisehasretreatedtoalakesidecabininNewEngland,hopingtofindpeaceandquietaftertwodivorcesandaboutofprostatecancer.

HissolitudeisinterruptedonenightbythearrivalofColemanSilkplayedbyAnthonyHopkins,aformerdeanandclassicsprofessoratnearbyAthenaCollege,whowasforcedtoresignafterbeingaccusedofmakingracistremarksduringalecture.Coleman,whosewifediedsuddenlyinthewakeofthescandal,wantstotakerevengeonhisformercolleaguesbywritingabook.HeputsthisprojectasideoncehefallsintoarevivifyingaffairwithFauniaFarleyplayedbyNicoleKidman,adamaged,desolateandilliterate34-year-oldwhodoesmenialjobsatthecollege,thepostofficeandalocaldairyfarmTheirsexualidyllismenacedbythefacultybusybodieswhochasedColemanfromhisjob,andalsobyFaunia’sformerhusband,Lester(EdHarris),aderangedVietnamveteranwhosuedtobeatherandnowstalksherinhisbigredpickuptruck.

Whatkeepsthemovie,whichopenstodaynationwide,fromdriftingintheSargassoSeaofliteraryhigh-mindednessisthevitalityoftheacting.Mr.Bentionisthekindofdirectorwhoseaffectionandrespectforactorsseepthroughthescreen;hissolicitudeseemstoopenthemup.

ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.Ms.Kidmantriestoovercomethisbysheerforceofwill,strugglingtostiflehernaturalradiance,blunthercrystallinevoiceandblurherfinefeatures,andshecomesclosertosucceedingthanyoumightexpect.Mr.Hopkins,forhispart,mustbattleamoreglaringdiscrepancy,andhedoessowithswingingnonchalance.ColemanSilkisablackmanwhohaspassedforwhiteformostofhisadultlife,stylinghimselfasthefirstJewishclassicisteverhiredatAthena.

Thesepeculiaritiesofcastingmatterlessthantheymight;orratherhowmuchtheymatterchangesfromscenetoscene.Thefilmincludessomesex,aboxingmatchandanoccasionalburstofdancing,butmostoftheactionconsistsoftwocharactersinaroomtalking.Someofthesemoments-alateconfrontationbetweenLesterandZuckerman,abreakfasttablequarrelbetweenFaunniaandColeman,ameetingofthemindsbetweenFaunniaandalarge,cagedcrow-areawkwardlypacedandplaced,butmanyothersarealivewithhumanpainandheat.

Someofthebestperformancesareinsecondaryroles.JacindaBarrettiswonderfullytouchingasColeman’sfirstgreatlove,ablondMidwesternertowhomhedecides,heedlesslyandalittlecruelly,todivulgethesecretofhisrace.Ms.Snuth,herfaceamaskofmaternalstoicism,bringshomethetragedyofColeman’sdecisiontopassforwhitewithaspeechsodrilyandevenlyenunciatedthatitslaceratinginsightonlyregistersoncethecamerahasturnedaway.

Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobeatitsquietes—TheHumanStainallowsyoubothtocareaboutitscharactersandtothinkaboutthelargerissuesthattheirlivesrepresent.Itsdeepestflawisaninabilitytolinkthosemomentsofempathyandinsightintoacontinuousdrama,tosuggestthatthecharacters’liveskeepgoingwhentheyarenotonscreen.Thefilm’spowerfulindividualscenesseemlikeexcerptsfromamissingwhole,well-appointedroomsinahousewhosebeamsandgirdershavebeencutaway.

1.ThehumanStainisa（）.

2.TheHumanStain（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingistheflawofTheHumanStainintheauthor’sopinion?

4.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeapossiblecommentmadebytheauthor?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsTheHumanStainis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectablescreenplay

B.scrupulousnovel

C.characteristicbook

D.moviewithmanycharacters

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Failstomakethestorycoherent

B.wasproducedbyagoodwriter

C.hasthebestactorsandactresses

D.isfullofmysteriouslandscapes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisnotfromagoodscreenplay.

B.Someactorsarenotsuitablefortheirroles.

C.Thereistoomuchtalkingbetweenpeople.

D.Ms.KidmanandMr.Hopkinsarepooractors.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheHumanStainismysteriousandunscrupulous.

B.TheHumanStainissober,scrupulousandrespectful.

C.TheHumanStaindoesnottellusacoherentstory.

D.TheHumanStainwellrevealshumanweaknesses.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.positive

C.neutral

D.sympathetic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題題。由題干可定位到文章第一段第一句“TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.（改編自NicholasMeyer的劇本，由RobertBenton執(zhí)導(dǎo)的《人性的污點(diǎn)》是一篇令人尊敬的關(guān)于電影的B+學(xué)期論文報(bào)告：冷靜、謹(jǐn)慎、認(rèn)真地尊重它的文學(xué)來(lái)源。）”。由此可知《人性的污點(diǎn)》是一篇學(xué)期論文報(bào)告。A選項(xiàng)“值得尊敬的劇本”；B選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的小說(shuō)”；C選項(xiàng)“特色書籍”；D選項(xiàng)“有許多角色的電影”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段的第二句話“WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.（如果沒有Mr.Roth的參與，本書所述的銜接就成了問題）”。由此可知該書有一位很好的作者。A選項(xiàng)“不能使故事連貫”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“是一位好作家寫的”正確；C選項(xiàng)“有最好的男女演員”和D選項(xiàng)“充滿了神秘的風(fēng)景”文章都沒有提到，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段第一句“ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.（霍普金斯先生和基德曼女士選錯(cuò)角色幾乎是不言自明的。）”。由此可知作者認(rèn)為有些演員并不適合其角色扮演。A選項(xiàng)“它不是出自一個(gè)好的劇本”；C選項(xiàng)“角色之間的對(duì)話太多了”；D選項(xiàng)“基德曼女士和霍普金斯先生都是可憐的演員”都不符合題意，B選項(xiàng)“有些演員不適合他們的角色”符合題意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者描述了《人性的污點(diǎn)》中的主要情節(jié)以及主要人物的命運(yùn)，最后一段作者說(shuō)道“Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobe