2020年江蘇卷英語高考真題及答案

試卷第=page3030頁，總=sectionpages3030頁試卷第=page2929頁，總=sectionpages3030頁2020年江蘇省高考英語試卷學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inasupermarket. B．Inthepostoffice C．Inthestreet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。2．WhatdidCarldo?A．Hedesignedamedal. B．HefixedaTVset. C．Hetookatest.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。3．Whatdoesthemando?A．He’satailor. B．He’sawaiter. C．He’sashopassistant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。4．Whenwilltheflightarrive?A．At18:20. B．At18:35. C．At18:50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。5．Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A．Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B．Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C．Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6．WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A．Visithisparents. B．Gotothemovies. C．WalkalongBroadway.7．Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A．Bill. B．Sarah. C．Bill’sparents.【答案】6．B7．B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8．WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A．Toinvitehimtoaparty. B．Todiscussaschedule. C．Tocalloffameeting.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A．Theyarecolleagues. B．Theyareclosefriends. C．They’venevermetbefore.【答案】8．C9．C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10．Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A．ATVcamera. B．Avideocamera. C．Amoviecamera.11．Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A．Underwaterfilming. B．Alargememory. C．Auto-focus.12．Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A．950euros. B．650euros. C．470euros.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13．WhoisClifford?A．Alittlegirl. B．Theman’spet. C．Afictionalcharacter.14．WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren’sbooks?A．Hiswife. B．Elizabeth. C．Apublisher.15．WhatisNorman’sstorybasedon?A．Abook. B．Apainting. C．Ayoungwoman.16．WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A．Hisunexpectedsuccess.B．Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C．Hiseditor’sdisagreement.【答案】13．C14．A15．B16．A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17．Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Visitors.18．Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A．Toexpressopinions. B．Toavoidarguments.CToshowfriendliness.19．Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A．Politics. B．Movies. C．Salaries.20．Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A．Askingopen-endedquestions.B．Feelingfreetochangetopics.C．Makingsmalltalkinteresting.【答案】17．B18．C19．B20．A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。21．Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from_____studentscanchooseforfree.A．whose B．which C．when D．whom【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：許多課程現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上找到，學(xué)生們可以從中免費(fèi)選擇。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是manylessons，關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞from的賓語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故選B。22．Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat______everyone.A．suit B．suited C．suits D．hassuited【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：如果你從各個(gè)方面看問題，你可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)適合每個(gè)人的解決方案。句子描述的客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；此處是定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞，先行詞是asolution，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選C。23．Theydecidetohavemoreworkersfortheproject____itwon’tbedelayed.A．evenif B．a(chǎn)sif C．nowthat D．sothat【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：他們決定為這項(xiàng)工程增加工人，以免耽擱。A.evenif即使；B.asif好像；C.nowthat既然；D.sothat為了。空后itwon’tbedelayed是前面采取措施的目的，應(yīng)使用sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。故選D。24．Buildingsuchabridgeoverthebaywas______butthelocalgovernmentmadeitwithintwoyears.A．a(chǎn)wetblanket B．a(chǎn)pieceofcake C．a(chǎn)darkhorse D．a(chǎn)hardnuttocrack【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查習(xí)慣用語辨析。句意:在海灣上建造這樣一座橋是一件困難的事情，但當(dāng)?shù)卣趦赡陜?nèi)完成了。A.awetblanket一件掃興的事情；B.apieceofcake小菜一碟；C.adarkhorse出人意外的獲勝者；D.ahardnuttocrack很難解決的問題。根據(jù)空前suchabridgeoverthebay及空后butthelocalgovernmentmadeitwithintwoyears可知，在海灣上建造這樣一座橋是一件困難的事情。故選D。25．Itisnotaproblem_____wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.A．whether B．why C．when D．where【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查主語從句。句意:我們能否打贏這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗不是問題；這只是時(shí)間問題。A.whether是否；B.why為什么；C.when什么時(shí)候；D.where在哪里。根據(jù)下文it’sjustamatteroftime可知，此處指”我們能否打贏這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗不是問題”，it是形式主語，whether引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。故選A。26．InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasI_____,heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.A．hadexpected B．haveexpected C．wouldexpect D．expect【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:他沒有像我所期望的那樣著手做新工作，而是又檢查了一遍以前的工作。此處描述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在examined之前，屬于“過去的過去”，應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí)。故選A。27．Therewillstillbelotsofchallengesifweareto_____garbageinashorttime.A．clarify B．justify C．satisfy D．classify【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類，仍然會(huì)有很多挑戰(zhàn)。A.clarify澄清；B.justify證明；C.satisfy滿足；D.classify分類。根據(jù)空后garbage可知，此處指“對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類”。故選D。28．IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I_____whereIam.A．won’tbe B．wouldn’thavebeen C．wouldn’tbe D．shouldn’thavebeen【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我沒有面對(duì)那么多的障礙，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里。分析句子成分可知，此處是錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語氣，根據(jù)空后whereIam可知，此處是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用would/could/might/should+do。故選C。29．TheoutbreakofCovid-19hasmeantan_____changeinourlifeandwork.A．a(chǎn)bsurd B．a(chǎn)brupt C．a(chǎn)llergic D．a(chǎn)uthentic【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆發(fā)，給我們的生活和工作帶來了一個(gè)突然的變化。A.absurd荒謬的；B.abrupt突然的；C.allergic過敏的；D.authentic真實(shí)的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，新冠肺炎疫情給我們的生活和工作帶來了一個(gè)突然的變化。故選B。30．Takingonthischallengewillbringyou_____someonewhosharesyourinterests.A．inexchangefor B．inanswerto C．incontactwith D．inmemoryof【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意:接受這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)讓你和你有共同興趣的人接觸。A.inexchangefor作為交換；B.inanswerto回答；C.incontactwith接觸，與……有聯(lián)系；D.inmemoryof紀(jì)念。根據(jù)空后someonewhosharesyourinterests及常識(shí)可知，此處指“和與你有共同興趣的人接觸”。故選C。31．Technologicalinnovations,____goodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.A．combinedwith B．combiningwith C．havingcombinedwith D．tobecombinedwith【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與良好的市場(chǎng)營銷相結(jié)合，將促進(jìn)這些產(chǎn)品的銷售。此處是短語:becombinedwith“與……結(jié)合/聯(lián)合”，本句中省略be動(dòng)詞，使用過去分詞做狀語。故選A。32．Thisactoroftenhasthefirsttwotricksplannedbeforeperforming,andthengoesfor______.A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)演員通常在表演前就已經(jīng)計(jì)劃好了前兩個(gè)技巧，然后全力以赴。A.whichever無論哪個(gè)；B.whenever無論何時(shí)；C.wherever無論何地；D.whatever無論什么。分析句子成分可知，此處做goesfor的賓語，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合語境。故選D。33．Thehealthsecuritysystemsofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderable______.A．reservation B．transformation C．distinction D．submission【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多國家的衛(wèi)生安全系統(tǒng)正在經(jīng)歷重大變革。A.reservation預(yù)訂；B.transformation改革，變革；C.distinction區(qū)別；D.submission提交。根據(jù)前文Thehealthsecuritysystems可知，此處指“衛(wèi)生安全系統(tǒng)的變革”。故選B。34．Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s,______anewgenerationofvirtualreality.A．a(chǎn)llowingfor B．a(chǎn)ccountingfor C．callingfor D．compensatingfor【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:6G的速度將超過125GB/s，使得新一代的虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)成為可能。A.allowingfor使……成為可能，促進(jìn)……的發(fā)生；B.accountingfor解釋；C.callingfor需要，要求；呼吁；D.compensatingfor補(bǔ)償。根據(jù)空前Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s可知，125GB/s的6G速度將使得新一代的虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)成為可能。故選A。35．—DoyouknowanythingaboutZhangZhongjing?—______HehasbeenhonoredasamasterdoctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.A．Howcome? B．Sowhat? C．Byallmeans. D．Withpleasure.【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查日常交際用語。句意:-你知道關(guān)于張仲景的事情嗎？-當(dāng)然。自東漢以來，他被尊為醫(yī)學(xué)大師。A.Howcome?怎么會(huì)？B.Sowhat?那又怎樣？C.Byallmeans.當(dāng)然；D.Withpleasure.很愿效勞。根據(jù)空后HehasbeenhonoredasamasterdoctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.可知，后者對(duì)張仲景非常了解。所以他“當(dāng)然”知道關(guān)于張仲景的事情。C選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選C。Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenotenough.Success36fundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37inourlives.Whentwelve-year-oldJohnWilsonwalkedintohischemistryclassonarainydayin1931,hehadno38ofknowingthathislifewastochange39.Theclassexperimentthatdaywasto40howheatingacontainerofwaterwouldbringairbubbling(冒泡)tothesurface.41,thecontainertheteachergaveWilsontoheat42heldsomethingmorevolatile(易揮發(fā)的)thanwater.WhenWilsonheatedit,thecontainer43,leavingWilsonblindedinbotheyes.WhenWilsonreturnedhomefromhospitaltwomonthslater,hisparents44tofindawaytodealwiththecatastrophethathad45theirlives.ButWilsondidnotregardtheaccidentas46.Helearnedbraille(盲文)quicklyandcontinuedhiseducationatWorcesterCollegefortheBlind.There,henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecamea(n)47publicspeaker.Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfrom48forlackofpropertreatment.Forhim,itwasonethingto49hisownfateofbeingblindandquiteanothertoallowsomethingtocontinue50itcouldbefixedsoeasily.Thismovedhimtoaction.AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthe51Wilsonmadetopreventingthe52.Wilsonreceivedseveralinternational53forhisgreatcontributions.Helosthissightbutfounda54.Heprovedthatit’snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives-it’swhatwemakeofwhathappens.36．A．depends B．holds C．keeps D．reflects37．A．dilemmas B．a(chǎn)ccidents C．events D．steps38．A．way B．hope C．plan D．measure39．A．continually B．gradually C．gracefully D．completely40．A．direct B．show C．a(chǎn)dvocate D．declare41．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Thus42．A．mistakenly B．casually C．a(chǎn)mazingly D．clumsily43．A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed44．A．deserved B．a(chǎn)ttempted C．cared D．a(chǎn)greed45．A．submittedto B．cateredfor C．impressedon D．happenedto46．A．fantastic B．extraordinary C．impressive D．catastrophic47．A．a(chǎn)ccomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent48．A．deafness B．depression C．blindness D．speechlessness49．A．decide B．a(chǎn)bandon C．control D．a(chǎn)ccept50．A．until B．when C．unless D．before51．A．opposition B．a(chǎn)djustments C．commitment D．limitations52．A．preventable B．potential C．spreadable D．influential53．A．scholarships B．rewards C．a(chǎn)wards D．bonuses54．A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision55．A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits【答案】36．A37．C38．A39．D40．B41．C42．A43．B44．B45．D46．D47．A48．C49．D50．B51．C52．A53．C54．D55．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議類的文章。因?yàn)橐淮我馔?，威爾遜失明了。但是，他并沒有抱怨命運(yùn)的不公，而是努力地學(xué)習(xí)，接受教育。他通過自己的努力幫助很多人恢復(fù)了視力，獲得了很多國際大獎(jiǎng)。他的例子告訴我們：成功從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。36．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：成功從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。A.depends依靠；B.holds握，持有；C.keeps保持；D.reflects反映。結(jié)合空后的介詞on可知，僅僅擅長某件事并有激情是不夠的。成功從根本上“取決于”我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。dependon：取決于。故選A。37．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成功從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。A.dilemmas進(jìn)退兩難的處境；B.accidents意外事故；C.events事，事件；D.steps腳步，步驟。結(jié)合文章最后一句“Heprovedthatit’snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives-it’swhatwemakeofwhathappens”可知，我們對(duì)所發(fā)生的事情的看法決定了我們的生活?？仗帉?duì)應(yīng)whathappens(發(fā)生的事)。故選C。38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1931年的一個(gè)雨天，當(dāng)12歲的約翰·威爾遜走進(jìn)他的化學(xué)教室時(shí)，他根本不知道自己的生活將徹底改變。A.way方法，方式；B.hope希望；C.plan計(jì)劃；D.measure措施。JohnWilson“無法”預(yù)知將會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。故選A。39．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：1931年的一個(gè)雨天，當(dāng)12歲的約翰·威爾遜走進(jìn)他的化學(xué)教室時(shí)，他根本不知道自己的生活將徹底改變。A.continually不斷地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.gracefully優(yōu)雅地；D.completely完全地。結(jié)合下文可知，一場(chǎng)意外導(dǎo)致他失明，這“完全”改變了他的生活。故選D。40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天的課堂實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了展示加熱一個(gè)盛水的容器會(huì)如何使空氣冒泡到表面。A.direct指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)；B.show展示；C.advocate提倡，倡導(dǎo)；D.declare宣布。那天的課堂實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是“展示”加熱一個(gè)盛水的容器會(huì)如何使空氣冒泡到表面。故選B。41．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。A.Anyway無論如何，不管怎樣；B.Moreover而且；C.Somehow不知怎么地；D.Thus因此。不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。故選C。42．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。A.mistakenly錯(cuò)誤地；B.casually隨意地；C.amazingly令人驚奇地；D.clumsily笨拙地。老師“誤”在容器里裝了更容易揮發(fā)的東西而沒有裝水，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致了爆炸的發(fā)生。故選A。43．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)威爾遜把它加熱時(shí)，容器爆炸了，導(dǎo)致威爾遜失明。A.erupted爆發(fā)，噴出；B.exploded爆炸；C.emptied騰空，掏空；D.exposed揭露，使暴露。因?yàn)槿萜鲀?nèi)裝的不是水，而是更容易揮發(fā)的物質(zhì)，所以，當(dāng)威爾遜把它加熱時(shí)，容器“爆炸”了，導(dǎo)致Wilson失明。故選B。44．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)月后，當(dāng)威爾遜出院回家時(shí)，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。A.deserved值得，應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受；B.attempted視圖，嘗試；C.cared關(guān)心，在乎；D.agreed同意。孩子失明了，身為父母，他們當(dāng)然要“試圖”找到一種方法來應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。故選B。45．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：兩個(gè)月后，當(dāng)威爾遜出院回家時(shí)，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。A.submittedto提交，服從……；B.cateredfor迎合；C.impressedon給……留下印象；D.happenedto發(fā)生。這場(chǎng)事故“發(fā)生”在了威爾遜一家人的生活中。故選D。46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但威爾遜并不認(rèn)為這次事故是災(zāi)難性的。A.fantastic極好的；B.extraordinary不同尋常的；C.impressive給人深刻印象的；D.catastrophic災(zāi)難性的，毀滅性的。根據(jù)上文hisparents44tofindawaytodealwiththecatastrophethathad45theirlives.以及結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，失明對(duì)于任何一個(gè)人來說都是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，威爾遜并沒有將這場(chǎng)事故看作是“災(zāi)難性的”。故選D。47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他不僅是一名出色的學(xué)生，而且成為了一名出色的演說家。A.accomplished才華高的，有成就的；B.crucial至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的；C.specific特定的，具體的；D.innocent無辜的，天真的。前一句提到威爾遜很快學(xué)會(huì)了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人學(xué)院繼續(xù)接受教育。結(jié)合該句中的notonly…butalso…可以推知，他不僅是個(gè)好學(xué)生，而且是個(gè)非常好的公共演說家。選項(xiàng)中只有A選項(xiàng)表達(dá)此意。故選A。48．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，他在非洲工作，那里的許多人因?yàn)槿狈m當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻?。A.deafness聾，聽力不佳；B.depression沮喪；C.blindness瞎；D.speechlessness啞口無言。結(jié)合后文中的“AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthe51Wilsonmadetopreventingthe52”可知，很多人因?yàn)橥栠d的努力而復(fù)明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因?yàn)槿狈m當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻笆鳌?。故選C。49．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)他來說，接受自己失明的命運(yùn)是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解決的情況下，讓事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回事。A.decide決定；B.abandon拋棄；C.control控制；D.accept接受。根據(jù)上文中的“ButWilsondidnotregardtheaccidentas46.Helearnedbraille(盲文)quicklyandcontinuedhiseducationatWorcesterCollegefortheBlind.There,henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecamea(n)47publicspeaker”可知，威爾遜失明之后，他沒有抱怨命運(yùn)的不公，反而努力進(jìn)取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事實(shí)。故選D。50．考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)他來說，接受自己失明的命運(yùn)是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解決的情況下，讓事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回事。A.until直到；B.when在……情況下，當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.unless如果不；D.before在……之前。在很容易解決那么多人失明的情況下，讓他們繼續(xù)失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情況下”。故選B。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)橥栠d努力地去預(yù)防可預(yù)防的情況，在非洲和亞洲，數(shù)千萬人都可以恢復(fù)視力了。A.opposition反對(duì)；B.adjustments調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；C.commitment奉獻(xiàn)，投入；D.limitations限制。根據(jù)前文中的“Thismovedhimtoaction”可知，威爾遜行動(dòng)起來，努力地去預(yù)防那些可以預(yù)防的情況。因?yàn)樗摹胺瞰I(xiàn)”，很多人恢復(fù)了視力。該空和53空后的greatcontributions呼應(yīng)。故選C。52．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)橥栠d努力地去預(yù)防可預(yù)防的情況，在非洲和亞洲，數(shù)千萬人都能夠恢復(fù)視力了。A.preventable可預(yù)防的，可阻止的；B.potential潛在的，有潛力的；C.spreadable(黃油等)容易被涂開的；D.influential有影響力的。結(jié)合空前的prevent可知，威爾遜努力地去預(yù)防“可以預(yù)防的”情況。故選A。53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：威爾遜因其巨大的貢獻(xiàn)獲得了幾個(gè)國際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。A.scholarships獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；B.rewards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)；C.awards獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品；D.bonuses紅利，津貼。因?yàn)樗木薮筘暙I(xiàn)，威爾遜獲得了幾個(gè)國際“大獎(jiǎng)”。故選C。54．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了視野。A.fortune運(yùn)氣，財(cái)富；B.recipe食譜，秘訣；C.dream夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想；D.vision視野。根據(jù)前文敘述可知，雖然威爾遜失明了，但是他卻通過努力，幫助了很多人，為世界做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。由此推知，他雖然看不見，但是他的“眼界”開闊，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故選D。55．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他證明了并不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情決定了我們的生活，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情。A.distinguishes區(qū)分，辨別；B.determines決定；C.claims宣稱；D.limits限制。結(jié)合第一段中的“Success36fundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37inourlives”可知，成功從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。即：并不是發(fā)生的事情“決定”我們的生活，而是我們對(duì)發(fā)生的事情的看法“決定”了我們的生活。故選B。SomeimportantdatesinChina’sfightingCovid-19beforeMay7,2020Jan20,2020~Feb20,2020Jan23:Wuhandeclaredtemporaryoutbound(向外的)trafficrestrictions.Jan24:NationalmedicalteamsbegantobesenttoHubeiandwuhan.Jan27:TheCentralSteering(指導(dǎo))GrouparrivedinWuhan.Feb18:Thedailynumberofnewlycuredanddischarged(出院)patientsexceededthatofthenewlyconfirmedcases.Feb21,2020~Mar17,2020Feb21:Mostprovincesandequivalentadministrativeunitsstartedtolowertheirpublichealthemergencyresponselevel.Feb24:TheWHO-ChinaJointMissiononCovid-19heldapressconferenceinBeijing.Mar11-17:Theepidemic(流行病)peakhadpassedinChinaasawhole.Mar18,2020~Apr28,2020Apr1:ChinesecustomsbeganNAT(核酸檢測(cè))oninboundarrivalsatallpointsofentry.Apr8:Wuhanliftedoutboundtrafficrestrictions.Apr26:ThelastCovid-19patientinWuhanwasdischargedfromhospital.Apr29,2020~May7,2020Apr30:ThepublichealthemergencyresponsewasloweredtoLevel2intheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.May7:TheStateCouncilreleasedGuidelinesonConductingCovid-19PreventionandControlonanOngoingBasis.56．WhathappenedbetweenJanuary20andFebruary20?A．TheCentralSteeringGrouparrivedinWuhan.B．TheWHO-ChinaJointMissiononCovid-19heldapressconference.C．ThelastCovid-19patientinWuhanwasdischargedfromhospital.D．Beijinglowereditsemergencyresponselevel.57．FromwhichdatewereprivatecarsallowedtogooutofWuhan?A．January23. B．March11. C．April8. D．May7.【答案】56．A57．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了2020年5月7日前，中國抗擊新冠肺炎的重要日期。56．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中Jan20,2020-Feb20，2020部分Jan27:TheCentralSteering(指導(dǎo))GrouparrivedinWuhan.可知，在一月二十號(hào)到二月二十號(hào)之間，中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組抵達(dá)武漢。故選A。57．推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格中Mar18,2020-Apr28,2020部分Apr8:Wuhanliftedoutboundtrafficrestrictions(4月8日:武漢取消出境交通限制)可推知，從四月八日起，私家車被允許離開武漢。故選C。Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes…andredphoneboxes.Beatenfirstbythemarchoftechnologyandlatelybytheterribleweatherinjunkyards(廢品場(chǎng)),thephoneboxesrepresentativeofanagearenowmakingsomethingofacomeback.Adaptedinimaginativeways,manyhavereappearedoncitystreetsandvillagegreenshousingtinycafes,cellphonerepairshopsorevendefibrillatormachines(除顫器).Theoriginalironboxeswiththeroundroofsfirstappearedin1926.TheyweredesignedbyGilesGilbertScott,thearchitectoftheBatterseaPowerStationinLondon.AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.Aboutthattime,TonyInglis’engineeringandtransportcompanygotthejobtoremovephoneboxesfromthestreetsandsellthemout.ButInglisendedupbuyinghundredsofthemhimself,withtheideaofrepairingandsellingthem.Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.Localorganizationscanadoptthemforlpound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.Thetinyshopsmadeeconomicsense,accordingtoRobertKerr,afounderofLoveFone.Hesaidthatoneoftheboxesgeneratedaround$13,500inrevenueamonthandcostonlyabout$400torent.Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.I“l(fā)ikewhattheyaretopeople,andIenjoybringingthingsback,”hesaid.58．Thephoneboxesaremakingacomeback______.A．toformabeautifulsightofthecityB．toimprovetelecommunicationsservicesC．toremindpeopleofahistoricalperiodD．tomeettherequirementofgreeneconomy59．Whydidthephoneboxesbegintogooutofserviceinthe1980s?A．Theywerenotwell-designed. B．Theyprovidedbadservices.C．Theyhadtooshortahistory. D．Theylosttonewtechnologies.60．Thephoneboxesarebecomingpopularmainlybecauseof______.A．theirnewappearanceandlowerprices B．thepushofthelocalorganizationsC．theirchangedrolesandfunctions D．thebigfundingofthebusinessmen【答案】58．C59．D60．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了在英國，電話亭在20世紀(jì)80年代開始停止使用。后來，一些商人使電話亭的角色和功能發(fā)生了變化，電話亭又變得流行起來。58．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Sometimesit’shardtoletgo.FormanyBritishpeople,thatcanapplytoinstitutionsandobjectsthatrepresenttheircountry’spast-age-oldcastles,splendidhomes..andredphoneboxes.(有時(shí)候真的很難放手。對(duì)許多英國人來說，這可以適用于代表他們國家過去歷史的機(jī)構(gòu)和物品--古老的城堡、輝煌的住宅……還有紅色的電話亭)和最后一段Inglissaidphoneboxescalledtomindanagewhenthingswerebuilttolast.(英格利斯說，電話亭讓人想起了一個(gè)東西經(jīng)久耐用的時(shí)代)可知，電話亭正在卷土重來，以提醒人們一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期。故選C。59．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets,thephoneboxesbegandisappearinginthe1980s,withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.(在成為英國許多街道的重要組成部分后，電話亭在20世紀(jì)80年代開始消失，隨著移動(dòng)電話的興起，大部分電話亭被扔到了垃圾場(chǎng))可知，電話亭在20世紀(jì)80年代開始停止使用是因?yàn)樗鼈冚斀o了新技術(shù)。故選D。60．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyareonceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.(隨著英格利斯和后來的其他商人開始工作，改裝后的電話亭開始在城市和鄉(xiāng)村重新出現(xiàn)，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們的新用途。今天，它們?cè)俅纬蔀槿藗兪煜さ木跋?，扮演著與它們最初的目的同樣重要的角色)和第六段Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenonalifesavingrole.(在農(nóng)村地區(qū)，救護(hù)車要花相當(dāng)長的時(shí)間才能到達(dá)，電話亭就起到了拯救生命的作用)以及第七段Othersalsolookedatthephoneboxesandsawbusinessopportunities.(其他人也在電話亭尋找商機(jī))可推斷出，電話亭之所以變得流行，主要是因?yàn)樗鼈兊慕巧凸δ馨l(fā)生了變化。故選C。Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen’sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists’lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheoryshouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen’sbloodandfattissue.Thentheycomparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.61．Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A．digestthemealeasily B．managewithoutbreakfastC．decidewiselywhattoeat D．eatwhateverisoffered62．Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?A．Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B．Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C．Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D．Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.63．Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?A．Theysuccessfullylostweight. B．Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C．Theyburnedmorefatonaverage. D．Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.64．Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?A．Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B．Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C．Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D．Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.【答案】61．B62．A63．B64．D【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，結(jié)果表明對(duì)于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對(duì)健康更有益。61．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰?duì)健康更有益，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B。62．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.可知，他們首先找到了10個(gè)超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人。因此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)選擇的10個(gè)人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。63．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.可知，結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時(shí)燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時(shí)所燃燒的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們?cè)谠绮秃箦憻挄r(shí)燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，鍛煉前吃早飯消耗更多一點(diǎn)的熱量。故選B。64．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.可知，這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對(duì)健康更有益。故選D。IwasinthemiddleoftheAmazon(亞馬遜)withmywife,whowasthereasamedicalresearcher.Weflewonasmallplanetoafarawayvillage.Wedidnotspeakthelocallanguage,didnotknowthecustoms,andmoreoftenthannot,didnotentirelyrecognizethefood.Wecouldnothavefeltmoreforeign.Wewereraisedonbooksandcomputers,highwaysandcellphones,butnowwewerelivinginavillagewithoutrunningwaterorelectricityItwaseasyforustogotosleepattheendofthedayfeelingalittlemisunderstood.ThenoneperfectAmazonianevening,withmonkeyscallingfrombeyondthevillagegreen,weplayedsoccer.Iamnotgoodatsoccer,butthateveningitwaswonderful.Everyoneknewtherules.Weallspokethesamelanguageofpassesandshots.Weunderstoodoneanotherperfectly.Asdarknesscameoverthefieldandthematchended,thegoalkeeper,Juan,walkedovertomeandsaidinamatter-of-factway,“Inyourhome,doyouhaveamoontoo?”Iwassurprised.AfterIexplainedtoJuanthatyes,wedidhaveamoonandyes,itwasverysimilartohis,Ifeltasortofawe(敬畏)atthepossibilitiesthatexistedinhisworld.InJuan’sworld,eachvillagecouldhaveitsownmoon.InJuan’sworld.theunknownandundiscoveredwasvastandmarvelous.Anythingwaspossible.Inoursociety,weknowthatEarthhasonlyonemoon.Wehavelookedatourplanetfromeveryangleandfoundallofthewildestthingslefttofind.Ican,frommycomputerathome,pullupsatelliteimagesofJuan’svillage.Therearenomorecontinentsandnomoremoonstosearchfor,littlelefttodiscover.Atleastitseemsthatway.Yet,asIthoughtaboutJuan’squestion,Iwasnotsurehowmuchmorewecouldreallyruleout.Iam,inpart,anantbiologist,somythoughtsturnedtowhatweknowaboutinsectlifeandIknewthatmuchintheworldofinsectsremainsunknown.Howmuch,though?Howignorant(無知的)arewe?Thequestionofwhatweknowanddonotknowconstantlybotheredme.Ibegancollectingnewspaperarticlesaboutnewspecies,newmonkey,newspider…,andonandontheyappear.Mydrawerquicklyfilled.Ibeganaseconddrawerformoregeneraldiscoveries:newcavesystemdiscoveredwithdozensofnamelessspecies,fourhundredspeciesofbacteriafoundinthehumanstomach.TheseconddrawerbegantofillandasitdidIwonderedwhethertherewerebiggerdiscoveriesoutthere,notjustspecies,butlifethatdependsonthingsthoughttobeuseless,lifeevenwithoutDNA．Istartedathirddrawerforthesebigdiscoveries.Itfillsmoreslowly,butallthesame,itf