華育1班-18簡單句并列句

簡單句和并列句一．定義：由一個主語部分和一個謂語部分組成的句子叫簡單句。簡單句分為4類：陳述句，疑問句，祈使句，感嘆句。并列句是由and,but,or,for等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句。簡單句定義由一個主語部分和一個謂語部分組成的句子叫簡單句。I

like

eatingapples.簡單句陳述句，疑問句，祈使句，感嘆句。構(gòu)成I

have

anapple.Do

you

have

anapple?Eat

this

apple.What

a

big

apple!并列句由and,but,or,for等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義有關(guān)的簡定義單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。I

have

an

apple

and

I

want

to

give

it

toyou.You

can’t

eat

theapple,

for

it

was

bought

for

Lily.并列句構(gòu)成其結(jié)構(gòu)為:簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句The

ground

is

wet,

for

it

must

have

rained

yesterday.請寫一個簡單句來描述你今天的早餐。I

had

a

very

delicious

breakfast

this

morning.請寫一個并列句來描述你今天的早餐。My

breakfast

was

tasty

and

the

bread

wasespecially

delicious.二．簡單句的常見考點分析：1.簡單句的否定形式1）全部否定：neither,neither…nor,none,nothing,nobody,no

one兩者用neither,

neither..nor

他們兩人沒人懂英語。Neither

of

them

knows

English.和 都不住在這里。Neither

Mary

nor

John

lives

here.三者及以上用none,nothing,nobody,no

one這些答案沒有一個是對的。None

of

the

answers

is

right.沒有人同意你所說的。No

one

agrees

on

what

you

have

said.2）.部分否定：both,all,many,every…..not他們不都去開會。Not

all

of

them

will

go

to

the

meeting.這些書不都是

。Not

all

of

the

books

belong

to

me.不是每個

都喜歡唱歌和跳舞。Not

every

girl

likes

singing

and

dancing.3）使用否定副詞表示否定。我從來都不喜歡看盜夢空間。I

never

like

watching

the

movie,

Inception.他幾乎不會說英語。He

can

hardly

speak

English.4）否定轉(zhuǎn)移：常常與believe,expect,imagine,suppose,think

連用I

don’t

think

it

is

very

cold

today.We

don’t

believe

that

he

can t

.（詳見賓語從句中相關(guān)語法解析）2.簡單句的特殊疑問句形式1）who,whose為句首作主語，本身已經(jīng)是陳述句語序了。Who

is

in

the

classroom?Whose

fathers

works

in

Beijing?2)其他特殊疑問詞句首+一般疑問句語序。Where

do

you

come

from?When

will

you

go?3）含有語的特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)特殊疑問詞+do

you

think/do

you

suppose/doyou

say+陳述句When

do

you

think

he

will

come(他會來）？Which

train

did

you

say

you

had

taken

?仿寫：你剛提到他做什么工作的？What

do

you

say

his

job

is?3.簡單句的否定疑問句形式：用否定形式構(gòu)成的疑問句。回答問題照舊，肯定yes,

否定no來回答這個問題：Aren't

you

a根據(jù)你的boy?----她不是個醫(yī)生嗎？Isn’t

she

adoctor?----是的，她是的。Yes,

she

is.4.簡單句的反義疑問句形式1）反義疑問句的回答原則和否定疑問句一樣。根據(jù)事實回答。You

are

a

boy,

aren'tyou?

You

didn't

eat

breakfast,

didyou?

You

don't

have

much

spare

time,

doyou?

Megan

Fox

is

very

hot,

isn't

she?

2）提問原則：前肯后否，前否后肯，正負交替原則George

Clooney

has

cute

hair,

hasn’t

he/doesn’the?--

The

movie

Inception

isn’t

hard

to

understand,

isit?--

Your

mom

hates

Rock

and

Roll

music,

doesn’t

she？--

The

movie

"One

Noodle

Story"

sucks,

doesn’t

it?--

3）含有have的動詞反義疑問have系動詞的反義疑問用法解釋為"有"時，反意疑問用have/do

各類形式都可以You

have

a

car,

don’t

you/haven’t

you

?解釋為“非有”，例如吃飯，喝水，

到。。。那必須用do/did等形式。She

had

her

watch

stolen

,

didn’t

she

?You

had

a

long-distance

call

from

your

son,

didn’tyou?They

had

milk

and

bread

for

breakfast,

didn’tthey?Have

to

的反義疑問用法--根據(jù)不同時態(tài)用Do/does/didWe

have

to

get

up

at

four

tomorrow,

don’t

we?They

had

to

leave

early,

didn’t

they??Had

better的反義疑問用法（較少用）You

had

better

take

off

your

shoes,

hadn’t

you?You’d

better

not

wake

me

up,

had

you??4)There

be..句型的反義疑問用法There

is

a

radio

on

the

table,

isn’t

there

?There

won’t

be

any

trouble,

will

there?5)Used

to(中考必考)He

used

to

live

in

London,use(d)n’t

he?(英式)He

used

to

live

in

LA,

didn’t

he?(美式)She

used

to

have

a

happy

family,

didn’t

she?orusedn’t

she?You

used

to

have

a

sweet

tooth,

usedn’tyou?or

didn’t

you?6）Never,hardly,seldom,few,little在句中出現(xiàn)表達的是否定含義，反意疑問要用肯定形式Y(jié)ou

have

never

met

her

before,

have

you?He

is

hardly

14

years

old,

ishe?He

has

few

buddies

on ,

has

he/does

he?

Your

roommate

eats

very

little

to

keep

fit,

doeshe??7）Something,anything,everything,

nothing,this,that,動名詞，不定式作主語時反意疑問句中的代詞使用it!Everything

looks

fresh,

doesn’t

it?This

is

your

mother,

isn’t

it

?Getting

up

early

is

important,

isn’t

it?Everybody

likes

Raymond,

don’t

they?Nobody

likes

Raymond,

do

they?8）These,those做主語時，反意疑問句中的代詞使用

they!These

are

not

books,

are

they???9)我愿意wish句型，反意疑問句用mayI

wish

to

go

home

now,

may

I??10)I

don’t

think/believe/expect/否定轉(zhuǎn)移的反意疑問，跟從句走I

don’t

think

he

can

finish

the

work

,

can

he

?I

don’t

believe

she

knows

it

,

does

she?I

think

he

is

serious,

isn’t

he?11）You

don’t

think/He

doesn’t

believe/They

don’texpect………仍然遵循前否后肯原則，跟主語走You

don’t

think

he

can

finish

the

work,

do

you?He

thought

he

could

pass

the

exam,

didn’t

he??12)祈使句的反義疑問句Let’s……………….shall

we?

Let

us

….willyou/won’t

you?Let’s

take

a

rest,

shall

we?Let

us t

,

won’t

you?其他祈使句的反意疑問句用will

youHave

a

cup

of

tea,

will

you?Don’t

open

the

window,

will

you?祈使句的反義疑問句當(dāng)祈使句為Let

us…時若表示請求，反意疑問句用will

you，若表示建議，反意疑問句用shall

we：Let

us

know

your

address,

will

you?

請 的地址告訴 ，好嗎?Let

us

go

swimmingtogether,

shall

we?去游泳好嗎?當(dāng)祈使句為Let’s…時反意疑問句總是用shall

we：一起祈使句的反義疑問句1.如果陳述部分是肯定句，will

you／won‘t

you都可以。Mail

the

letter

today,

will

you?今天就把信發(fā)掉，好嗎?Try

to

be

back

by

two,

won’t

you?設(shè)法兩點之前回來，好嗎?If

you

want

help,let

me

know,would

you?如果你需要幫助，告訴我，好嗎?2.若陳述部分為否定式，則反意疑問句部分只用will

you：Don’t

forget

to

post

the

letter,will

you?請別忘了寄信。開頭，13）感嘆句的反義疑問句，一律用be的一般現(xiàn)在時否定，What

a

funny

man,

isn’t

he?How

cool

the

weather

is

,

isn’t

it??5.簡單句中的祈使句1）祈使句的形式：無主語，肯定式用動詞否定句用don’t/never+V;No+Ving!Be

careful!Don’t

do

that

again! Don’t

be

afraid!今日事今日畢！Don't

put

off

till

tomorrow

what

should

be

done

today

.2）祈使句+and/or/otherwise+一般將來時（詳見時態(tài)相關(guān)章節(jié)）Drink

too

much

and

you

will

injure

yourhealth._If

you

drink

too

much,

you

will

injure

yourhealth.好好努力否則你考試要不及格的。Study

hard

and

you

will

pass

the

exam.6.簡單句中的感嘆句表達1)how+adj/adv+主語＋謂語！他講英語好流利??！How

fluently

he

speaks

English!這個顏色真自然??！How

natural

the

color

is!世界真奇妙，人類真渺小！How

wonderful

the

world

is!

How

tiny

human

beings

are!2)What+N+(主謂)!今天真是個幸運日啊！What

a

lucky

day

today!_今天過得@#￥￥%！OMG，好豪華的飯店??！OMG，好帥的服務(wù)員??！

OMG，好貴的價格??！OMG，我好窮??！What

a

luxurious

restaurant!

What

a

handsome

waiter!How

high

the

price

is!

How

poor

I

am!三．并列句的常見考點分析：1.常考并列詞組1）Both

A

and

B（謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)）我老師和我同學(xué)都對 發(fā)言很滿意。Both

my

classmates

and

teachers

are

satisfied

with

myspeech.The

room

is

both

quiet

and

bright.

（既安靜又明亮）She

is

famous

both

for

her

kindness

and

for

herunderstanding.In

the

program

last

night

,

Mary

both

sang

and

danced.（既唱歌又跳舞）2）Notonly

Abutalso

B（謂語動詞要就近保持一致）She

is

not

only

a

dancer

but

also

a

writer.(不僅是個舞者還是個作家)不僅這些學(xué)生，而且這個老師也被邀請去吃飯。Not

only

this

student

but

also

this

teacher

isinvited

to

have

dinner.Not

only

I

but

also nd

Jane

are(is,

am,are)tired

of

having

one

examination

afteranother.3)Either

A

or

B

（要么A,要么B）（就近原則）You

can

either

take

your

father

or

your

motherto

the

ceremony.You

can

either

watch

TV

or

play

computergames.Either

you

or

I

am

wrong.⑾Either

Tom

or

his

two

brothers

have

(has,have

)to

clean

the

house.4)Neither……nor

既不。。。也不。。。。（就近原則）Neither

Tom

nor

the

twins

want

(wants,

want)to

playfootball.?我既沒有房子又沒有錢，所以我才不是鉆石

。I

have

neither

house

nor

money,

so

I

am

not

a

diamondbachelor.Neither

you

no