高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法精講精練專題九：定語從句（含解析）

高考必考語法精講精練語法專題九：定語從句定語從句是比較重要的語法項(xiàng)目?！?017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱》附錄語法項(xiàng)目表中將定語從句列為必考項(xiàng)。全國卷新課標(biāo)Ⅰ對(duì)定語從句的考查一般在語法填空和短文改錯(cuò)中，主要考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。2015年高考全國卷Ⅰ第64題（語法填空）考查了定語從句引導(dǎo)詞that/which。2016年高考全國卷Ⅰ第65題（語法填空）考查了定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞when。2017年高考全國卷Ⅰ第70題（語法填空）考查了定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞which。基本概念：定語從句:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞、充當(dāng)定語的句子叫定語從句。因其功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句。先行詞:被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，也叫引導(dǎo)詞。分為關(guān)系代詞（who，whom，that，which，whose,as）和關(guān)系副詞(where，when，why)。關(guān)系詞要在定語從句中作某個(gè)成分，如主語、賓語、狀語等。限制性定語從句：對(duì)先行詞起修飾限定作用的定語從句。非限制性定語從句：對(duì)先行詞或主句起補(bǔ)充說明作用的定語從句，通常引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開。關(guān)系詞及其意義：關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在從句中做賓語時(shí)，?？梢允÷裕樵~提前時(shí)后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworkingTheboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whose人或物定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人或物主語、賓語Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主語、賓語Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人或物主語、賓語Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做賓語一般不省略關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich替換where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich替換why原因原因狀語Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich替換關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞功能有三個(gè)：①用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系起來。②關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞可作定語從句的一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞可作主語、賓語、定語；關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。③關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在從句中代替在他前面的先行詞。一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．who

指人，在定語從句中作主語。

=1\*GB3①The

boys

who

are

playing

football

are

from

Class

One.

=2\*GB3②Yesterday

I

helped

an

old

man

who

had

lost

his

way.

=3\*GB3③

That

is

the

teacher

who

teaches

us

physics.

2．whom

指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷浴?1\*GB3①M(fèi)r

Liu

is

the

person

(

whom

)

you

talked

about

on

the

bus.

=2\*GB3②Li

Ming

is

just

the

boy

(

whom

)

I

want

to

see.

=3\*GB3③The

professor

(

whom

)

you

are

waiting

for

has

come.

=4\*GB3④The

girl

(

whom

)

the

teacher

often

praises

is

our

monitor.

注意：關(guān)系代詞whom

在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho

來代替，也可省略。

The

man

(

whom

/

who

)you

met

just

now

is

my

old

friend.3．which

指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語可省略。

=1\*GB3①Football

is

a

game

which

is

liked

by

most

boys.

=2\*GB3②The

factory

which

makes

computers

is

far

away

from

here.

=3\*GB3③He

likes

to

read

books

which

are

written

by

foreign

writers.=4\*GB3④The

house

which

is

by

the

lake

looks

nice.

=5\*GB3⑤This

is

the

pen

(

which

)

he

bought

yesterday.

=6\*GB3⑥The

film

(

which

)they

saw

last

night

was

not

interesting

at

all.

4．that

指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who

或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時(shí)?？梢允÷浴?1\*GB3①The

number

of

people

that

/

who

come

to

visit

this

city

every

year

reaches

one

million.

=2\*GB3②Where

is

the

man

that

/

whom

I

saw

this

morning?

=3\*GB3③The

person

that

/whom

you

introduced

to

me

is

very

kind.

=4\*GB3④The

season

that

/

which

comes

after

spring

is

summer.

=5\*GB3⑤Yesterday

I

received

a

letter

that

/

which

came

from

Australia.

5．whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。

=1\*GB3①I

visited

a

scientist

whose

name

is

known

all

over

the

country.

=2\*GB3②He

has

a

friend

whose

father

is

a

doctor.

=3\*GB3③I

once

lived

in

the

house

whose

roof

has

fallen.

注意：指物時(shí)，常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：

=1\*GB3①The

classroom

whose

door

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

=2\*GB3②The

classroom

the

door

of

which

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.

=3\*GB3③Do

you

like

the

book

whose

cover

is

yellow?

=4\*GB3④Do

you

like

the

book

the

cover

of

which

is

yellow?

關(guān)系代詞that與which的區(qū)別（一）只用that不用which的情況：1、先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,much,little,none等不定代詞或由不定代詞any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語從句用that不用which。例如：=1\*GB3①Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen.=2\*GB3②There

seems

to

be

nothing

that

is

impossible

to

him

in

the

world.=3\*GB3③There

is

little

that

I

can

do

for

you.2、先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語從句用that。例如：=1\*GB3①ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.=2\*GB3②The

first

place

that

they

visited

in

London

was

the

Big

Ben.3、先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that。如：=1\*GB3①Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.=2\*GB3②Look

at

the

man

and

his

dog

that

are

walking

up

the

street.4、先行詞被theonly，thevery,justthe等修飾且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語從句用that。例如：This

is

the

very

dictionary

that

I

want

to

buy.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞who。例如：

HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttoseenow.5、當(dāng)先行詞前面有who/which等疑問代詞時(shí)，只用that。例如：=1\*GB3①Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?=2\*GB3②Which

is

the

T-shirt

that

fits

me

most?

6、定語從句內(nèi)容為解釋名詞的性質(zhì)、概念時(shí)，需用that。例如：Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（二）只用which不用that的情況1、指物，介詞后。例如：IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstgottoParis.2、用于非限制定語從句中。例如：Sheheardaterriblenoise，whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.3、先行詞是that,those時(shí)。例如：ThatisthebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.4、一個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)定語從句，為避免重復(fù)，一個(gè)用that，另一個(gè)用which。例如：Isthereanythingthatisnotexpensivewhichwecanbuyforherasagift?二、theway作先行詞的定語從句比較下列句子，理解關(guān)系詞，并分析原因：=1\*GB3①The

way

(that/in

which/×)

he

answered

the

question

wassurprising.

=2\*GB3②I

don’t

like

the

way

(that

/in

which)

you

laugh

at

her.

歸納：當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用inwhich，that或者省略；當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that或which；當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that，which或省略。三、介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。

=1\*GB3①The

school

(which

/

that)

he

once

studied

in

is

very

famous.

=The

school

in

which

he

once

studied

is

very

famous.

=2\*GB3②

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

(which/that)

you

asked

for.

=

I’ll

bring

here

the

magazine

for

which

you

asked.=3\*GB3③This

is

the

boy

(whom/who/that)

I

played

tennis

with

yesterday.

=This

is

the

boy

with

whom

I

played

tennis

yesterday.

=4\*GB3④We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

(whom

/who

/that)

we

have

often

talked

about.

=We’ll

go

to

hear

the

famous

singer

about

whom

we

have

often

talked.1、單個(gè)介詞（in/with/on/by）+關(guān)系代詞(whom,which)=1\*GB3①ThetwothingofwhichtheyfeltveryproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.=2\*GB3②Aharvesterisamanwhoisharvestingoramachinewithwhichweharvestcrops.注意：介詞確定的依據(jù)A、依從句中的動(dòng)詞,形容詞,名詞與介詞的固定搭配而定；B、依先行詞與從句中動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系及所表達(dá)的含義而定。2、介詞短語+關(guān)系代詞(which,whom,whose)

常用的介詞短語有:someof,bothof,asaresultof,atthebackof，becauseof,infrontof,inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,onthetopof,atthefootof等。=1\*GB3①Thereisagreatpaininmyrightfoot,becauseofwhichIcanonlylimpalong.=2\*GB3②Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.注意:含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不能拆開,如lookafter,lookfor,take

care

of,takepartin,lookforwardto等。例如：

=1\*GB3①This

is

the

watch

(which

/

that)

I

am

looking

for.

(正)

=2\*GB3②This

is

the

watch

for

which

I

am

looking

.(誤)=3\*GB3③The

babies

(whom

/

who

/

that)

the

nurse

is

looking

after

arevery

healthy.(正)

=4\*GB3④The

babies

after

whom

the

nurse

is

looking

are

very

healthy.（誤）3、單個(gè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which,whose)+名詞

介詞要依介詞與關(guān)系代詞后的名詞的搭配習(xí)慣而定。例如：=1\*GB3①HelivedinLondonforthreemonths,duringwhichtimehelearnedsomeEnglish.=2\*GB3②OurEnglishteacher,withwhosehelpwehavemadegreatprogressinEnglish,hascompletedthirtyyearsofteaching.4、the+名詞+of+關(guān)系代詞(which,whom)結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞和后面的關(guān)系代詞有所屬關(guān)系。例如：ThisisthebookthecoverofwhichisdesignedbyMrJones.=Thisisthebook,whosecoverisdesignedbyMrJones.5、部分詞匯/結(jié)構(gòu)+of+關(guān)系代詞(1)all,both,none,neither,either,many,most,few,several,enough,half,some,any,one,two,three,themajority,anumber,theyoungest等。(2)數(shù)詞(基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞,百分?jǐn)?shù),分?jǐn)?shù))+名詞(3)the+形容詞最高級(jí)/比較級(jí)=1\*GB3①Herearetwopairsofsocks,eitherofwhichyoumaychoose.=2\*GB3②Thefootballteamhas15members,theoldestofwhomis25yearsold.=3\*GB3③He

loves

his

parents

deeply,

both

of

whom

are

very

kind

to

him.

=4\*GB3④There

are

many

apples,

some

of

which

have

gone

bad.

=5\*GB3⑤There

are

forty

students

in

our

class,

most

of

whom

are

from

big

cities.

=6\*GB3⑥Hehaswrittentenstories，threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.四、關(guān)系代詞as與which的用法as

和which

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，

其用法有相同之處，也有不同之處。具體情況是：

1.

as

和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或賓語，代表前面整個(gè)句子。如：

=1\*GB3①He

married

her,

as

/

which

was

natural.

=2\*GB3②He

is

honest,

as

/

which

we

can

see.

2.

as

引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至還可以分割主句。

which

引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只可放在主句之后。另外，as

常常有“正如、正像”的含義。如：

=1\*GB3①As

is

known

to

all,

China

is

a

developing

country.

=2\*GB3②He

is

from

the

south,

as

we

can

know

from

his

accent.

=3\*GB3③John,

as

you

know,

is

a

famous

writer.

=4\*GB3④Theairqualityinthecity,asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.(2012·福建高考)=5\*GB3⑤He

has

been

to

Paris

ten

times,

which

I

don’t

believe.

注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。如=1\*GB3①Tom

was

late

for

school

again

and

again,

which

made

his

teacher

very

angry.

=2\*GB3②This

table

is

made

of

metal,

which

made

it

very

heavy.

3.

當(dāng)先行詞受such,

the

same

修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用as。

如：

=1\*GB3①I’ve

never

heard

such

stories

as

he

tells.

=2\*GB3②He

is

not

such

a

fool

as

he

looks.

=3\*GB3③This

is

the

same

dictionary

as

I

lost

last

week.

注意：當(dāng)先行詞受the

same

修飾時(shí)，也可能用

that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思有區(qū)別。如：

She

wore

the

same

dress

that

she

wore

at

Mary’s

wedding.

她穿著她在瑪麗婚禮上穿過的同一條連衣裙。

She

wore

the

same

dress

as

her

younger

sister

wore.

她穿著跟她妹妹所穿的一樣的連衣裙。五、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.

when

指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。

=1\*GB3①I

still

remember

the

day

when

I

first

came

to

this

school.

=2\*GB3②The

time

when

we

got

together

finally

arrived.

=3\*GB3③October

1,

1949

was

the

day

when

the

People’s

Republic

of

China

was

founded.

2.

where

指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

=1\*GB3①Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

=2\*GB3②The

house

where

I

lived

ten

years

ago

has

been

pulled

down.=3\*GB3③I

visited

the

farm

where

a

lot

of

cows

were

raised

.=4\*GB3④Is

this

the

place

where

they

fought

the

enemy?

3.why

指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。

=1\*GB3①Please

tell

me

the

reason

why

you

missed

the

plane.

=2\*GB3②The

reason

why

he

was

punished

is

unknown

to

us.

=3\*GB3③I

don’t

know

the

reason

why

he

looks

unhappy

today.

注意：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞可以用“介詞+which”來替換。例如：=1\*GB3①Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)Ifirstcametothisschool.=2\*GB3②Great

changes

havetakenplacewhere(inwhich)welive.=3\*GB3③The

reasonwhy(=forwhich)herefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.六、一些特殊詞之后的where如果定語從句用來修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，并且作狀語，要用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”，這種現(xiàn)象叫做地點(diǎn)模糊化。常見的表地點(diǎn)的模糊化名詞還有：occasion,circumstance,state,degree,extent,stage,level,period,aspect等。例如：=1\*GB3①IhavecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.=2\*GB3②Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.=3\*GB3③Wearetryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.=4\*GB3④IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknowalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.=5\*GB3⑤It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.注意：如果不作狀語，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。例如：Rememberthatthereisstillonepointwhichwemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.高考英語短文改錯(cuò)及語法填空分析與訓(xùn)練·定語從句考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析:定語從句短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)主要涉及定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的誤用、缺失以及多余；語法填空主要考查根據(jù)先行詞及上下文填合適的引導(dǎo)詞。定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之真題訓(xùn)練：1.…inotherplacesyouarelimitedtoacertainnumber,ofthatsomemaybenovels.(全國卷)2.Ialsoenjoyedtheeveningswhenwespenttogether.(全國卷)3.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(全國卷)4.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.(福建卷)5.(2016·四川)ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavorite.定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之模擬訓(xùn)練：1.Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.2.That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.3.That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.4.It’sreallyabeautifulplace,whereeveryonehopestovisit.定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之提升訓(xùn)練：1.Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.2.ThisisthewatchforwhichTomislooking.3.ThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwo.4.Thehouseinthatweliveisverysmall.5.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.6.I’vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.7.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.8.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.9.Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.10.Hisdog,thatwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.11.Thereasonwhichhedidn’tgotoschoolisthathewasill.12.Thosewhowantstogowithmeputupyourhands.13.Theboy,hismotherdiedlastyear,studiesveryhard.14.Ihavetwosisters,bothofthemaredoctors.15.We’regoingtovisittheschoolwhereyourbrotherworksthere.16.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohavebeeninvitedtotheEnglishEvening.17.Thatisthewaywhichtheywork.18.Thosehavequestionscanasktheteachersforadvice.19.Whoisthemanwhohaswhitehairs?20.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhichwehadagoodtimetogetheratthesea.定語從句單句語法填空之真題訓(xùn)練：1.(2016·全國Ⅰ，65)MyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid－1980s,________IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter.2.(2016·全國Ⅱ，閱讀A)Simonisacomedianandactor_______has10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.3.(2016·全國Ⅱ，閱讀D)FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages,mostof________haveneverbeforebeenpublished.4.(2016·全國Ⅲ，47)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，________livedfromroughly551to479B．C,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.5.(2016·全國Ⅲ，完形)WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam.ThatmeantbeatingoutMillerKing,________wasthebestplayeratourschool.6.(2016·北京，22)Ilivenextdoortoacouple________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.7.(2016·四川，閱讀C)Iprefertoworkinblackandwhite,________allowsmetoshowdifferentspecificworldsmoreclearly.8.(2016·四川，閱讀D)Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),________hasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.9.(2016·江蘇，23)Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewell－educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.10.(2016·浙江，11)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof________hasbeenproved.11.(2015·江蘇，21)Thenumberofsmokers,________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.12.(2015·湖南，29)Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.13.(2015·浙江，19)Creatinganatmospherein________employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.14.(2015·重慶，14)Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfof________werepublishedinthe1990s.15.(2015·四川，3)Thebooksonthedesk，________coversareshiny，areprizesforus.16.(2015·安徽，28)Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon________schooleducationdepends.17.(2015·福建，34)ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership，________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.18.(2014·安徽，22)Theexactyear________AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.19.(2014·北京，26)IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek，________myclassmatesrecommendedtome.20.(2014·山東，10)Acompany________profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.21.(2014·重慶，9)We'llreachthesalestargetsinamonth________wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.22.(2014·四川，4)Untilnow，wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren，________isquiteunexpected.23.(2014·陜西，13)Pleasesendusalltheinformation________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.24.(2015·北京，24)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.25.(2015·陜西，15)Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily，Alexisalwayslongingforthetime________heshouldbeabletobeindependent.26.(2015·天津，15)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere________hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.27.(2014·福建，31)Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities________theycangainexperienceforgrowth.28.(2014·浙江，5)Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，________Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.學(xué)習(xí)札記：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案及解析定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之真題訓(xùn)練：1.that改為which，因介詞后要用which來引導(dǎo)定語從句2.去掉when或?qū)hen改為that，因這里的定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞(spent)缺賓語，故只能用關(guān)系代詞that或?qū)⑵涫÷?.where改為which，因此處要填關(guān)系代詞作主語4.who’s改為whose，因who’s=whois，不僅結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤，而且意思也不通；whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示“……的”定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之模擬訓(xùn)練：1.his改為whose，whose在此引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.which改為where，where引導(dǎo)定語從句且在從句中用作狀語；此題還可在staying后加in。3.where改為which/that，也可去掉where，因visit為及物動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞作其賓語（也可省略）。4.where改為which，which在此引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，且在從句中用作賓語(用作visit的賓語)。5．what→which/that或去掉what考查定語從句，并在從句中作賓語，指物，用關(guān)系代詞that/which，也可省略。定語從句單句改錯(cuò)之提升訓(xùn)練：1.where→that/which或去掉where。2.把for放在looking之后。英語中,有些短語動(dòng)詞,介詞或副詞不可與動(dòng)詞相分離。又如:lookafter,runinto等。3.who→whom。盡管在口語中who,whom都能作賓語,但在介詞后只能用whom。4.that→which。5.that→which。that不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。6.which→that或去掉which。當(dāng)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little等修飾時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。7.which→that或去掉which。當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級(jí)或theonly,thevery等所修飾時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。8.who→that。如果先行詞既指人又指物時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。9.which→that或去掉which。當(dāng)先行詞為something,anything,everything,nothing,all等時(shí),常由that引導(dǎo)定語從句。10.that→which。11.which→why/which前加for或去掉which。12.wants→want。定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞一致。13.his→whose。14.them→whom或both前加and。15.去掉there。16.have→has。當(dāng)oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)作先行詞時(shí),從句的謂語用復(fù)數(shù);但是當(dāng)one前有the(only)時(shí),從句謂語要用單數(shù)。17.which→that/which前加in或去掉which。18.Those后加who。19.第二個(gè)who→that。當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的疑問句時(shí),定語從句常用that引導(dǎo),以避免重復(fù)。20.which→when或which前加in。定語從句單句語法填空之真題訓(xùn)練：1．when[由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷這是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是表示時(shí)間的inthemid－1980s，從句中缺少狀語，因此填寫關(guān)系副詞when。]2．who/that[考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，先行詞是acomedianandactor，在從句中做主語，所以用who或者that。]3．wh