第二冊(cè)課件-75共8個(gè)樣品nce2lesson下沉中泰坦尼克號(hào)正在向外發(fā)送SOS信號(hào)第一次被采用在1

Lesson75歷史下沉中的泰坦尼1日，由德國正在向外發(fā)送SOS信號(hào)SOS第一次被采用在1905年4月規(guī)定于無線電的管理?xiàng)l例。并于

成為國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（之前使用CQD求救信號(hào)，但并未成為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）。在1908年7月1日后被廣泛采用。之所以制訂新遇難信號(hào)為SOS，是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的

技術(shù)很差，之前常用的CQD信號(hào)，由于發(fā)送碼長，而且電碼的符號(hào)不一致，而S與O是摩爾斯電碼中少有的連續(xù)碼而且對(duì)操作員來說較易使用。而SOS在往后也成為一個(gè)易記，實(shí)用的求救方式。其中一次利用SOS求救信號(hào)就是

晚上，英國郵輪泰坦尼克號(hào)在

西洋沉沒時(shí)利用的。當(dāng)時(shí)英國人多數(shù)是利用CQD求救信號(hào)，不過當(dāng)晚就利用新的SOS求救信號(hào)，希望有郵輪來拯救他們，不過已經(jīng)太晚了。由于現(xiàn)代無線電通信技術(shù)的發(fā)達(dá)，船舶與航空器越來越少使用摩爾斯電碼通信，因此除了業(yè)余無線電外，SOS已逐漸停用，改以國際海事衛(wèi)星電子通信設(shè)備的國際呼救系統(tǒng)（GMDSS）代替。SOS的含義日常中，SOS通常被理解為：“Save

Our

Ship”（拯救我們的船）或“Save

OurSouls”（拯救我們的

）。但當(dāng)初制定規(guī)范時(shí)是沒有意思的，純粹因摩爾斯電碼是全點(diǎn)及全橫而方便記載。SOS的摩爾斯電碼SOS這三個(gè)字母的摩爾斯電碼分別是‘···’‘───’‘···’，念為‘滴滴滴’‘答答答’‘滴滴滴’，也就是‘三短音’‘三長音’‘三短音’。極為簡潔明確，即便是

訓(xùn)練的民眾，也可以輕易的利用手邊的器物發(fā)出這樣的信號(hào)，或是加以辨識(shí)。實(shí)際應(yīng)用在1980年代的，由于社會(huì)開始富裕，不少人都愛在周末郊游或露營。由于當(dāng)時(shí)的通信科技未有今日的發(fā)達(dá)，所以

在《警訊》

里教導(dǎo)市民如何利用手電筒發(fā)出SOS信號(hào)，以便一但在山野間迷路時(shí)，亦懂得如何向周邊發(fā)出求救信號(hào)。When

a

light

passenger

plane

flew

off

course

sometime

ago,itcrashed

inthe

mountainsanditspilotwaskilled.前，一架輕型客機(jī)偏離了航線，在山區(qū)墜毀，飛行員喪生。off

course脫離軌道fly

off

course飛行偏離航線我們的 不靠大街。Our

office

is

off

the

main

street.在風(fēng)暴中，船駛離了航線。During

the

storm,

the

ship

went

off

course.kill

v.殺（僅表示死了，不一定是人為的殺死,有可能是火災(zāi)等）murder

v.謀殺（故意殺死）Theplanecrashedbecause

.it

was

a

light

passenger

planethe

pilot

was

killedit

wasn't

flying

in

the

right

directionit

was

the

middle

of

wintercItwasalightplane.Itwasn't

.darkheavyblackdeepbThe

only

passengers,

a

young

woman

andher

two

baby

daughters,

were

unhurt.機(jī)上僅有的乘客，一位年輕的婦女和

兩個(gè)女嬰?yún)s平安無事。She

was

a

young

woman.

The

woman

was

.a

youthyounga

youngD.youthbIt

was

the

middle

of

winter.

Snow

lay

thick

on

theground.此時(shí)正值隆冬季節(jié)，地上積著厚厚的雪。middle

of

wintermiddle

of

summer隆冬盛夏Lie表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”時(shí)，后面常跟形容詞和分詞。昨天我見到她時(shí)，她正臥床不起。When

I

saw

her

yesterday,

she

lay

ill

in

bed.老人臥床不起，無人照管。The

old

man

lies

ill

and

neglected

in

bed.Lie

lied

lied

lyinglie

lay

lain

lyingDidthesnow

thick

on

the

ground?laylaidlainliedThe

woman

knew

that

the

nearest

villagewas

away.這位婦女知道，即使最近的村莊也有數(shù)英里遠(yuǎn)。away幾英里之外（距離的表達(dá)方式）When

it

grew

dark,

she

turned

a

suitcaseinto

a

bed

and

put

the

children

inside

it,covering

them

with

all

the

clothes

shecould

find.天黑下來的時(shí)候，她把提箱當(dāng)作小床，把兩個(gè)孩子放了進(jìn)去，又把所有能找到的衣服都蓋在了孩子們身上。turn…into…=change

sth.

into…把……變成……During

the

night,

it

got

terribly

cold.

The

womankept

as

near

as

shecould

tothechildren

andeven

tried

to

get

into

the

case

herself,

but

it

wastoosmall.夜里，天冷得厲害。這位婦女盡可能地靠近孩子，甚至自己也想鉆進(jìn)箱子里去，只是箱子太小了。as…assb.

can/could=as…aspossible盡可能的……他吃了盡可能多的食物。He

ate

as

muchfoodas

hecould.讓 盡快地到我 來。lJim

to

come

to

my

office

as

soon

as

he

can.nearto

=

close

toItgotterriblycold.

Thecoldwas

.frighteninghorrifyingshockingfrightfuldItwastoosmall.Itwasn't

.enough

bigbig

enoughfarily

bigrather

bigbEarly

next

morning,

she

heard

planespassin erhead

and

wondered

how

shecould

send

a

signal.第二天一大早，她聽到頭頂上有飛機(jī)飛過，但不知道怎樣才能發(fā)個(gè)信號(hào)。正在做某事hear

sb. ng

sth.聽見overhead

adv.從頭頂wonder=want

to

knowShe

wondered

how

she

could

send

a

signal.shewantedtosend

.a

lettera

signa

signaturea

messagedThen

she

hadan

idea.

Shestamped

out

theletters'SOS'

in

the

snow.后來她有了一個(gè)主意。她在雪地上踩出了“SOS”這3個(gè)字母。stampout踩出out在這里為副詞，表示“出現(xiàn)，顯露”等這位作家又

了一本書。The

writer

has

brought

out

anotherbook.他開列一張長長的 ，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。He

wroteout

a

long

list

of

all

the

foods

which

wereforbidden.in

the

snow在雪地上She

probably

stamped

out

the

letters

"SOS"withher

.handsheadfeetkneescFortuna

y,

a

pilot

saw

the

signal

and

sent

amessage

by

radio

to

the

nearest

town.幸運(yùn)得很，一位

看到這個(gè)信號(hào)，用無線電給最近的城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)了報(bào)。by

radio通過廣播The

next

morning

a

pilot

flyin

erhead

.must

have

seen

the

letters"SOS"

in

thesnowmust

have

seen

the

womanmust

have

seen

the

wrecked

planemust

have

seen

the

childrenaIt

was

not

longbefore

a

helicopter

arrived

on

thescene

torescuethesurvivors

of

theplane

crash.，一架直升飛機(jī)飛抵飛機(jī)失事現(xiàn)場，來搭救這幾個(gè)幸存者。long

before=longlong

ago很久以前It

was

not

long

before

+

從句

就……（指過去）他們 就知道了這消息。It

was

not

longbefore

they

learnt

thenews.It

will

not

be

longbefore…

就……（將來可能發(fā)生的事）他大概 就會(huì)痊愈。It

will

not

be

long

beforehe

gets

over

his

illness.以before

long

以后（一般將來時(shí),從現(xiàn)在算后會(huì)怎么樣））還存在，還活著survivor

n.幸存者(指人)survival

n.幸存的東西

survive

v.生存；存幸存下來的人the whosurvivedI

survivedafter

thefire.（存survive

+sth.( )經(jīng)過某種I

survivedthefire.The

housesurvived

theearthquake.Thesurvivorswere

.livelivelyalivein

lifecon

the

scene在現(xiàn)場（固定短語）CSI

現(xiàn)場

(=Crime

Scene

Investigation)scenen.現(xiàn)場①n.（事件發(fā)生的）地點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)場一架直升飛機(jī)很快飛抵出事現(xiàn)場，搭救幸存者。A

helicopter

soonarrived

onthesceneto

rescuethesurvivors.謀殺現(xiàn)場thesceneofthemurder②n.風(fēng)景，景色；景象漂亮的景色總是使我高興。A

beautiful

scene

always

makes

medelighted.我剛見到了悲慘的景象。I

havejust

seena

sadscene.可以表示“變成”的一些動(dòng)詞grow，turn，go，get，com，fall等動(dòng)詞均有“變成”的意思，但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌袝r(shí)有差別。grow表示“（逐漸）變得”，比get要正式些：他長胖了。He

has

grown

fat.天漸漸熱了起來。It

was

growing

hot.grow

dark（變黑）grow=get

slowly慢慢變得turn表示“把（狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)）改變（成）……”或“使變顏色”等秋天時(shí)樹葉將會(huì)變黃。Leaves

will

turn

yellow

in

autumn.一群蜜蜂把發(fā)

變成了蜂房。A

colony

of

bees

had

turned

the

engine

intoa

hive.他的臉變紅了。His

face

turned

red.go表示“變成（某種狀態(tài)）”，通常表示不好的變化：有些食物容易變質(zhì)。Some

foods

go

bad

easily.大笨鐘很少出錯(cuò)。Big

Ben

has

rarely

gone

wrong.get在口語中使用較多，表示“成為（某種狀態(tài)）”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是變化的過程（一下子變得）。天氣變化，一般用get，getcold(變冷)近來情況變得如此糟糕，以致他決定節(jié)食。Things

got

so

bad

recently

that