【高考模擬試卷】2018廣州高考英語二模試題及答案

2018年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試（二）英語2018.04本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分第I卷第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）BC和并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AEachanimalexhibitwillhavenformationabouttheanimallocatedthere.YouwillgettolearnabouteachThezooisasmokefreeareaNoballoons,balls,bikes,orrollerskatesallowed.Petsarenotallowed-exceptingguidedogsforblindtheirconservationstatusandsomeotherquickfacts.Asyouexplorethezoocheckoffalltheendangeredanimalsyoudiscoverfromthelistbelow.FindthemallandwinafreeT-shirtoMountainGorillaoChineseAlligatoroSnowLeopardStayonthepathwaysanddonotplacechildrenonrailing.Donotthrowanythingintotheanimalexhibits.Pleasehelpourconservationeffortsbyandrecyclablesproperly.LostPersonsIfseparatedfromyourgroupaskanyzooemployeeorowhite-wingedWoodDuckoRedPandaoGiantTurtlesecurityguardforimmediateassistance,orgodirectlytotheAdministrationBuildingVisitorGuideandMapEnjoyadeliciousmealatoneofourtwoanimal-themedcaférestaurants.OurVisitorCentreofferscards,booksandtoyssoyoucanalwaysrememberyoudayatthezoo.ThereisalsoanhourlyanimalpresentationneartheMainEntrancewhereyoucanlearnmoreabouttheanimals,petthemandeventakeapicturewiththem.21.Howcanapersongetafreet-shirtatthezoo?AFollowallthezoorulesB.Visitallthezoo'sexhibitsC.BringalonganotherguestDIdentifyalltheanimalsindanger.122.Whereshouldalostpersongoforhelp?A.MainEntranceC.AdministrationBuilding.B.VisitorCentreDNursingCentre.23.Whichofthefollowingisallowedatthezoo?ARidingyourbikeC.FeedingtheanimalsBTakingyourcameraDSmokingcigarettesBIsawitfirst,Amysaid,assherippedtheoldleatherwalletoutofCharlieshands.Withoutsayingaword,asiftheybothunderstoodthatthiswasasecrettheydidn’twanttosharewithanyone,theyslippedintothealley,wherenoonecouldseethemlookinside"There'sgottobeamilliondollarshere!"Charlieblurtedout,whentheysawthepileofhundred-dollarbills.Amy,themorerealisticofthetwo,didaquickestimate,thumbingthroughthewadofcash."Morelikethousands”shesaid,hervoiceshakingindisbelief.They'dfoundthewalletinaflowerbedbythesidewalk,whenCharliedroppedhiscellphonewhilehewastryingtotalkandeatasliceofpepperonipizzaatthesametime.AmystuffedthewalletintoherbackpackandpulledCharliealongbyhiselbowtowardherhouse.AstheyrushedtowardViceroyAvenue,theytalkedexcitedlyaboutwhattheycoulddowiththemoney-buygiftsforparentsandfriends,getnewclothes,traveltotherainforestinCostaRica,andadoptawhale.Itlookedlikealloftheiramswouldcometrue.Forthelastblock,however,theydidn’ttalk.Eachbegantosuspectthattheotheronewassilentlyaddingtothelistofthingstheycouldbuy.TheyfinallyreachedAmyshouse,butinsteadofgoinginside,theywalkedaroundthehousetothebackporch.Theyopenedthewalletandcountedthemoneyintopilesoften.ThetotalwasS2400-moremoneythaneitherofthemhadeverseen.Thentheybothstartedtalkingatonce."Iwonderwholostit"Theirmoodsshifted,sinkingfromthehighofbeingrichforfifteenminutestoresigningthemselvestowhattheymustdonext.Forinthewallet'sclearplasticcompartment,therewasadriver'slicense.Theyknewwhattheyhadtodo.Althoughtheywouldlosetheirnewly-foundtreasure,inaway,theyfeltrelieved.24.WheredidAmyandCharliefindthewallet?A.InanalleyBInabackpackC.AmongsomeflowersDOnthesidewalk25.Inparagraph2,whywasAmy’svoiceshaking?A.ShewasafraidthattheywouldbeseenbyothersB.Shewasdisappointedtherewasn'tamilliondollarsC.ShewasfearfulthatCharliewouldtellsomeoneelseD.Shefeltnervousbecauseshe'dneverseensomuchmoney26.OntheirwaytoAmy’shouse,thechildren'smoodchangedfromAexcitedtosuspiciousCrelievedtoworriedB.happytoangryD.nervoustodisappointed27.Whatdidthechildrendecidetodoattheendofthestory?A.TokeepthemoneyasecretfromothersB.Toreturnthewallettoitsrightfulowner2C.Toputthewalletbackwheretheyfoundit.D.Tobuymanydifferentthingswiththemoney.CAnarticlepublishedintheprestigiousscientificjournalshedsnewlightonanimportant,butup-to-nowlittleappreciated,aspectofhumanevolution.InthisarticleProfessorsDennisBrambleandDanielLiebermansuggestthatbeingabletorunwasthenecessaryconditionforthedevelopmentofourspecieswhichenabledustocomedownfromthetrees.Thischallengestraditionalscientificthinking,whichclaimsthatthedistinctive,uprightbodyformofmodernhumanshascomeaboutasaresultoftheabilitytowalk,andthatrunningissimplyaby-productofwalking.Furthermore,humanshaveusuallybeenregardedaspoorrunnerscomparedtosuchanimalsasdogs,horsesordeer.However,thisisonlytrueifweconsiderrunningathighspeed,especiallyovershortdistances.Butwhenitcomestolong-distancerunning,humansdoastonishinglywell.Theycankeepasteadypaceformanykilometres,andtheiroverallspeedisatleastthesameasthatofhorsesordogsBrambleandLiebermanexamined26physicalfeaturesfoundinhumans.Oneofthemostinterestingoftheseisthenuchalligament(項韌帶).Whenwerun,thisligamentpreventsourheadfrommovingbackandforthorfromsidetoside.Therefore,weareabletorunwithsteadyheads,heldhigh.Thenuchalligamentisnotfoundinanyothersurvivingprimates,suchasapesandmonkeys.ThenthereareourAchillestendons(跟腱)atthebacksofourlegs,whichconnectourcalfmusclestoourheelbones—andwhichhavenothingtodowithwalking.Whenwerun,thesetendonsbehavelikesprings,helpingtopushusforward.Furthermore,wehavelow,wideshouldersvirtuallydisconnectedfromourskulls(顱骨),aphysicaldevelopmentwhichallowsustorunmoreefficiently.Butwhatevolutionaryadvantageisgainedfrombeinggoodlong-distancerunners?Perhapsitpermittedearlyhumanstoobtainfoodmoreeffectively."Whatthesefeaturesandfactsappeartobetellingusisthatrunningevolvedinorderforourdirectancestorstocompetewithothermeat-eatinganimalsforaccesstotheproteinneededtogrowthebigbrainsthatweenjoytoday,"saysLieberman.Somescientistsputforwardthetheorythatearlyhumanschasedanimalsforgreatdistancesinordertoexhaustthembeforekillingthem."Researchonthehistoryofhumans'abilitytomovehastraditionallybeencontroversial,"saysLieberman."Attheveryleast,Ibelievethistheorywillmotivatemanyresearcherstoreevaluateandfurtherinvestigatehowhumanslearnedtorunandwalkandwhywearebuiltthewayweare."28.Inparagraph1,whatdothetwoprofessorssuggestabouthumans'abilitytorun?A.Itisanevolutionaryby-productofwalking.B.Ithelpstoformpeople'sabilitytoclimbtrees.C.Ithasplayedanimportantroleinhumanevolution.D.Ithasnotbeenadequatelystudiedbyscientistsbefore.29.Whatistrueaboutthephysicalcharacteristicsexaminedbytheprofessors?A.Achillestendonsassistpeopletowalklongdistances.B.Thehumanskullhelpspeopletorunmoreefficiently.C.people'sshouldersallowthemtolookfromsidetoside.3D.Thenuchalligamentenablespeopletoholdtheirheadsteady.30.Accordingtoparagraph3,scientistsbelievethatearlyhumans_________.A.alwayscameacrossdangeroussituationsinlifeB.ranafteranimalsforlongdistanceswhenhuntingCoftenfailedtofindfoodbecausetheycouldn'trunfastDdevelopedtheirhuntingskillsbyrunninglongdistances31.ProfessorLiebermanthinksthenewtheorywill_________.AcompletelyexplainhowrunningdevelopedBrevolutionizethetheoryofhumanevolutionC.encouragemorein-depthstudiesonthetopicD.bewidelysupportedwithinthescientificcommunityDScientistshavesolvedthemysteryofwhytheoverwhelmingmajorityofmammothfossils(化石)aremale.Muchlikewildelephantstoday,youngmaleIceAgemammothsprobablytravelledaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituationswheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholesthatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears,scientistssay.Females,ontheotherhand,travelledingroupsledbyanoldermatriarchwhoknewthelandscapeanddirectedhergroupawayfromdanger."Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltrapssuchasmudholes,rockcracksandlakes,"saidco-authorLoveDalenoftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinareportpublishedonThursdayinthejournalCurrentgyThestudyusedgeneticdatatodeterminethesexof98woollymammothfossilsinSiberiaResearchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth"Wewereverysurprisedbecausetherewasnoreasontoexpectasexbiasinthefossilrecord,"saidfirstauthorPatriciaPecnerova,alsooftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistory.Therefore,researchersbelievethatsomethingaboutthewaytheylivedinfluencedthewaytheydied.Mostbones,tusks,andteethfrommammothsandotherIceAgeanimalshaven'tsurvived,"explainedDalen"ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering."Thesegiant,tuskedplanteatersdisappearedabout4,000yearsago.Whilethereisnoscientificagreementaboutthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors.32.Theunderlinedword"matriarch"inparagraph3means_______.4A.figureheadB.femaleleaderCexperiencedanimalD.maturemammoth33.Whydothemajorityofmammothfossilscomefrommaleanimals?A.Scientistsfinditeasiertostudymalefossilizedbones.B.ThereweremoremalemammothsincomparisontofemalesCMalemammothswerebetterabletoadapttothechangingcircumstances.D.Malemammothsmorefrequentlydiedinplaceswherefossilscouldform.34.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasareasonformammothsdyingout?A.Theincreasingcompetitionforfood.B.Thecoolingoftheearth'stemperature.C.Thedisappearanceofmalemammoths.DTheriskybehaviourofyoungermammoths.35.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Anewspaperarticle.B.Anacademicessay.C.Ahistoricaldescription.D.Asciencefictionstory.第二節(jié)中有兩項為多余選項。Marywentthroughapersonalexperience40yearsagothatchangedherlifepathandestablishedherconnectionwithChineseherbalmedicine.Stillchildlessafter13yearsofmarriage,Marylongedtobecomeamother.Foryearsshetravelledfromcountrytocountryandvisitedtopexpertsinthefield,butwithoutsuccess._____36_____.However,herChineseherbalistgrandmothergaveherhopethroughaherbaltreatment.Afterthreeandahalfyearsshebecamepregnant.______37_______Theexpectantmother’sdelightwassharedbytherestofherfamilytoo.Thiswasthepointwhenshemadeuphermindtocarryonhergrandmother’sworkanddevoteherlifetoherbalmedicineresearch,developmentandpromotion.Tothisend,sheinvestedinalargeherbalgardeninthesuburbsofJakarta,wheremorethan30,000plantsaregrown.______38________.Throughtheapplicationofgreateffortandresourcesovermany,manyyears,Mary’scareerhasdevelopedvigorously,ashashergarden._____39______Whenshewasaskedwhetheriswasworthwhiletohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch,shefirmlyresponded,“WhatIhavedoneistofulfillapromiseIoncemade.Moreimportantly,IwanttobringChineseherbalmedicinetoallthoseinneed._____40_____”A.Morethan7,000ofthesecanbeusedasmedicines.B.Themomentthenewswasconfirmed,sheburstintotearsofhappiness.C.Ibelieveitcanhelprelievepainandenablethesicktoregaintheirhopeoflife.D.MarydecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.E.Theheartbreakanddisappointmentwassogreatthatshecameclosetogivingup.F.I’msohappythatthelocalpeopleliketouseChinesemedicinefortreatment.G.Althoughsheisnow80yearsold,sheisstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicine第三部分英語知識運用共兩節(jié),滿分45分)Thewayinwhichchildrenlearnisanever-growingareaofstudy.Itis41thatchildrendifferfromadultlearnersinmanyways,butwhatisinterestingisthattherearealsoquiteanumberofunexpected42acrosslearnersofallages5Formuchofthe20thcentury,mostpsychologists43thetraditionaltheorythatanewbornsmindisa/an44sheetofpaperuponwhichtherecordofexperienceisgraduallyimpressed.Duringthattime,scientistsbelievedthatoral45wasnecessaryforabstractthought.Inits46,scientistsassumedthatababycouldnothave47ofabstractconcepts.Asbabiesarebornwitha/an48rangeofbehaviorsandspendmostoftheirearlymonthssleeping,theycertainlyappearpassiveand49.Therefore,itwascommonlythoughtthatbabies50theabilitytoformcomplexideas.Untilrecently,therewasnoobviouswayforbabiestoproveanythingtothe___51___totheresearcherIntime,however,challengestothis52arose.Itbecameclearthatwith53designedscientificprocedures,psychologistscouldfindwaysto54complexquestionabouthowmuchinfantsandyoungchildrenknowandwhat55theyhave.Psychologistsbegantoemploynewmethodsto56alargeamountofratherdataabouttheremarkableabilitiesthatyoungchildren57.Theirresearchfindingsstoodingreatcontrasttotheearlier58inthefieldthatfocusedalmost59onwhatchildrenlacked.The60ofyoungchildrencametolifethroughthisresearch.Itbecameclearthatveryyoungchildrenarebothcompetentandactivewhenitcomestotheirmentaldevelopment.41.Adoubtful42.A.examples43.Aaccepted44.A.accessible45.A.agreement46.Aabsence47.Aadaption48.A.averaged49.A.confident50.A.learn51.Acontrary52.A.action53.Aautomatically54.A.takeaway55.Aadvantages56.A.collectB.necessaryB.personalitiesB.resistedCobviousCpossibilitiesC.studiedD.surprisingD.commonalitiesDreplacedD.darkD.treatmentD.senseBblankC.concreteB.communicationC.suggestionB.disappearanceB.burdenB.unexpectedBunbelievableB.requireBgoodC.returnC.comprehensionD.satisfactionC.limitedC.lovelyDreasonableD.unawareD.rememberD.truthC.lackC.equalB.proofC.problemC.naturallyC.turndownCfeelingsC.restrictCrecognizeC.studiesCrelativelyC.ideaD.viewBcarefullyB.showoffB.abilitiesB.markB.processBquestionsBhighlyD.similarlyDputforwardD.reasonsDsupportD.loseD.traditionsD.slightlyD.mind57.A.find58.A.scientists59.A.entirely60.A.differenceB.focus第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填人適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Throughouthistory,peoplehavethoughtoftheoceanasadiverseandlimitlesssourceoffood.Yettodaythereisclearevidencethattheoceanshavealimit.Mostofthebigfishinouroceansarenow61(go).Onemajorcauseisoverfishing.Peoplearetakingsomanyfishfromtheseathatmanyspeciescannotreplace626(they)Forcenturies,localfishermencaughtonlyenoughfishfortheirownandtheircommunity'sneeds.However,fromtheearly20thcentury,peoplearoundtheworldbecameinterested63consumingprotein-richfoods,Peoplebegan64(catch)largequantitiesoffishforprofitandsellingthemtoworldwidemarkets.Inaveryshortperiodoftime,commercialfishing65(great)reducedthenumberoflargepredatoryfish,suchascodandtuna.Today,therearestillplentyoffishinthesea,66they'remostlyjustthelittleones.Smallfish,67includesardinesandanchovies,havemorethandoubledinnumber-largelybecausetherearenotenoughbigfish68(eat)themSuchlargefish69(be)necessary,becausetheyhuntandkillthesickandweaksmallerfish.Withoutthisweedingout,orsurvivalofthefittest,ecosystemsbecomelessstable.Asaresult,fisharelessabletosurvivepollution,environmentalchange,orchangesinthefoodsupply.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)滿分35）70(difficult)suchas第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線＼劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Danielwasbornwithabraindisorder.Becauseofit,hewasdifferentlyfromotherchildren.Asaboy,helikestoplayaloneandactedstrangely.Tomanyofhisclassmate,Danielseemedunusualandwelaughedathim.ThishurtDanieldeeply,buthebecameveryshyAsateenager,thingswerechanged.Danielfoundhecouldsolvedifficultmathsproblemsalmostinstantly.Healsodiscoveredothertalent:hecouldlearntospeakalanguageveryquickly.Today,heisfluentintwelfthlanguages.Asadult，Danielhasovercomehisshyness.Hehaswrittentwobooksandnowhe7travelsconstantlytotalktopeoplewithhislife第二節(jié)書面表達滿分2