(推薦)中考英語復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞的講解3

非謂語動詞考查特點及解題點撥【例11CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer.tohaveinventedinventingtoinventhavinginvented解題點撥：這是一道把動詞的用法和非謂語動詞的用法結(jié)合起來的考題。關(guān)鍵一：表示心理活動的動詞在帶不定式作賓補時常用tobe或tohavedone,極少用todosth.的形式。關(guān)鍵二：注意consider的兩種用法，considersth.意為“考慮做某事， considersb./sth.tobe或considersb.tohavedone或其被動式beconsideredtobe/tohavedone意思是“認為某人/物如何(做了什么)”。依題意可知本題考查第二種用法。練一練：l)Thepatientwaswarned oilyfoodaftertheoperation.noteateatingC.nottoeatD.noteating[例2]Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears everything.totelltobetoldtobetellingtohavebeentold練一練：2)Theoldmanissaid asailorwhenhewasyoung-A?tohavebeenB thathewasD.ofbeing【例3】IcanhardlyimaginePeter acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.sailtosailsailingtohavesailed解題點撥：本題考查的是動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及動名詞作賓語時的情況。動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是在動名詞前面加名詞所有格、名詞的普通格、物主代詞、人稱代詞的賓格等。如：Hernotcomingmadetheteacherangry.Doyouobjecttomybrother'sjoiningWouldyoumindme(my)openingthewindow?imagine清哪些詞接不定式、哪些詞接動名詞作賓語。練一練：3)Thenextmorningshefoundtheman inbed,dead.A. lyingB.lielaylaying【例4] areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingReceivingnotNothavingreceivedHavingnotreceivedhe,again動作發(fā)生在decidednot.ing形式的前面。練一練： Thevisitingministerexpressedsatisfactionwithhistalks, thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.toaddaddingadded【例5】Whentheprofessorwentbacktotheroom,hefoundaninvitationonthedesk, togivealectureinPrincetonInstitute.beinginvitedtobeinvitedinvitinghiminvitedo解題點撥：本題的考查目標是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的用法?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語，強調(diào)動作正在進行，表主動用doing,beingdoneletter(notice,message,telegram,invitation)ingletter等伺的內(nèi)容。o練一練：-Look!Howbusythebuildingworkersare!一Yes,Isee.Thehouses bythemwillbecompletednextweek.builttobuildbeingbuiltarebeingbuilt【例6] thatmistakeonce,Ishallnotmakethesamemistakeagain.TomakeMakingHavingmadeMadehavingmade作狀語。練一練： suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingD.Suffered【例7] in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A. BeingfoundedB?ItwasfoundedFoundedFounding解題點撥：本題考查過去分詞作狀語的情況。過去分詞作狀語，首先要考慮句子的主語是否是分詞的邏輯主語，然后再考慮被動和完成的含義。本句主語哈佛大學(xué)與動詞found之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)為被動關(guān)系，且建于1636年是發(fā)生在過去的動作。練一練： tomakeaspeech,shehadtosayafewwords.HavingtoldHavingbeentoldTobetoldBeingtold鞏固練習(xí)：Findinghercarstolen, ?apolicemanwasaskedtohelptheareawassearchedthoroughlyitwaslookedforeverywhereshehurriedtoapolicemanforhelpTheboywantedtoridehisbikeinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim .nottonottodonotdoitdonottoThenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellA.tellingtoldThebookissaid intomanyforeignlanguage.tohavebeentranslatedtohavetranslatedtobetranslatedhavingbeentranslatedDon'tleavethewater whileyoubrushyourteeth.runrunningC-beingD.torunInordertogettohishouseeasily,Ihadhissecretary amapforme.todrawdrawdrawnD.drawing inaheavyrain,theclimbershadtostopclimbingthemountain.CatchingHavingcaughtBeingcaughtCaught8.1bitterlyregret himwhathadhappenedtoheryesterday.totelltohavetoldtellingtobetoldThespeedingcarhadmissedtheturnandnowlayonitsback,wheels intheair.havingspunspinningwerespunsp