北師大版高二英語新教材選擇性必修二課文及翻譯(中英文Word)

（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯PAGEPAGE10Unit4Lesson1What’sSoFunny?第一課有趣的小故事StoryAAAfamousartcollectorwaswalkingthroughthecitywhenhenoticedadirtycatlappingmilkfromasaucerinthedoorwayofastore.Hedidadoubletake.一個(gè)著名的藝術(shù)品收藏家在穿過城市時(shí)看見一只臟貓?jiān)谝患疑痰觊T口舔飲淺碟中的牛奶。他驚訝地又看了一眼。Henoticedthatthesaucerwasanantiqueandveryvaluable,sohewalkedcasuallyintothestoreandinnocentlyofferedtobuythecatfor20dollars.20美元買那只貓。Thestoreownerreplied,“I’msorry,butthecatisn’tforsale.”20美元買那只貓。Thecollectorsaid,“Please,Ineedahungrycatwithagoodappetitearoundthehousetocatchmice.I’llpayyou200dollarsforthatcat.”收藏家說：“拜托了，我正需要一只又餓、胃口又好的貓幫我抓屋里的老鼠呢，我可以出200美元買那只貓?！盩heownersaid“sold”andhandedoverthecat.店主說了聲“成交”，就把貓給了他。Thecollectorcontinued,“Hey,forthe200dollarsIwonderifyoucouldthrowinthatoldsaucer.Thecat’susedtoitandit’llsavemefromhavingtogetadish.”收藏家接著說：“嘿，200美元的話能不能把那個(gè)破碟子也送給我。畢竟這貓已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了用它，這樣也省得我再去買貓食盆了?！盇ndtheownersaid,“Sorrymyfriend,butthat’smyluckysaucer.SofarthisweekI’vesold68cats.”店主說：“對(duì)不起，朋友，那可是我的幸運(yùn)碟。到現(xiàn)在為止，這周我已經(jīng)賣出去68只貓了。”StoryBBSherlockHolmesandDr.Watsonwentonacampingtrip.Afteragooddinnerandabottleofwine,theyretiredforthenight,andwenttosleep.夏洛克?就準(zhǔn)備休息，去睡覺了。Somehourslater,Holmeswokeupandaskedhisfaithfulfriend,“Watson,lookupattheskyandtellmewhatyousee.”幾小時(shí)后，福爾摩斯醒了，問他忠實(shí)的朋友：“華生，抬頭看看天空，告訴我你看到了什么?！薄癐seemillionsandmillionsofstars,Holmes,”repliedWatson.“福爾摩斯，我看到無數(shù)的星星，”華生回答。“Andwhatdoyoudeducefromthat?”“那你從中推斷出什么？”Watsonthoughtforaminute.華生想了一會(huì)兒?！癢ell,accordingtothestudiesonastronomy,ittellsmethattherearemillionsofgalaxiesandpotentiallybillionsofplanets.Accordingtothepositionsofthestars,IobservethatSaturnisinLeo.Accordingtothescientificmeasurementoftime,Ideducethatthetimeisprobablyaquarterpastthree.Accordingtothecurrentatmosphere,Iforecastthatwewillhaveabeautifuldaytomorrow.Whatdoesittellyou,Holmes?”“嗯，根據(jù)天文學(xué)研究推斷，現(xiàn)在天空中有數(shù)百萬的星系，可能還有數(shù)十億顆行星。根據(jù)星星的位置判斷，現(xiàn)在土星在獅子座。根據(jù)科學(xué)計(jì)時(shí)測(cè)算，我推斷你推斷出了什么？”Holmeswassilentforamoment.“Watson,”hesaid,“someonehasstolenourtent!”福爾摩斯沉默了一會(huì)兒?！叭A生，”他說，“有人偷了我們的帳篷！”StoryCCAmiddle-agedmanwasfeelingverydown.Everythinghadbeengoingwrongforhim.Hehadhadproblemsatworkandhiswifehadlefthimforanotherman.So,afterhehadbeenfeelingdepressedforoveramonth,hedecidedtogotothedoctor.Hehadtowaitforwhatseemedlikeagesinthedoctor’ssurgery.Thebleedingmannexttohimwaslookingathiswatchnervously;awomanwascoughingandsneezingbadly;andababywasscreaming.Finally,afterhehadbeenwaitingforabouthalfanhour,hewascalledinforhisconsultation.Thedoctorwaswritinganoteatherdeskwhenhecamein.“Sorry,I’mjustfinishingsomething.I’mafraidwe’vebeenverybusythismorning.”Shethenturnedtotheman.“So,what’stheproblem?”sheasked.像是等了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。旁邊的男人在流血，緊張地看著手表；一個(gè)女人使勁咳嗽、打噴嚏；還有個(gè)嬰兒在哭鬧。等了半小時(shí)后，終于叫到他了。他進(jìn)去時(shí)醫(yī)生正在“”之后她轉(zhuǎn)向中年人問道，“你怎么了？”“Well,I’vebeenhavingabitofacrisis,youknow,lotsofproblems,”repliedtheman.“AndI’vebeendoingalotofwork.”““而且我工作一直很忙。”“Mmm,you’relookingverypale.”Thedoctorstartedtoexaminehim.“Well,everythingisworkingOK,”sheannouncedafterwards.“Youhaveslightlyhighbloodpressureandyou’rebreathingquiteheavily,butotherwiseeverything’sfine.”“”““除了血壓有點(diǎn)高，呼吸有些沉重，其他方面都正常。”“SowhatcanIdo?”askedtheman.“I’mgoingonatripsoon.IwillbeworkingintheUnitedStatesforthreemonths.Thistimenextweek,I’llbearrivinginNewYork.”“那我該怎么辦？”那人問道。“我很快就要出差了，要在美國(guó)連續(xù)工作三個(gè)月。下星期的這個(gè)時(shí)候，我就去紐約了。”Thedoctorthoughtforawhile.“Ithinkwhatyouneedisagoodlaugh.Thatwoulddoyoualotofgood.Acircusisperformingintown.Whydon’tyougotoseeit?Ihearthere’sanamazingclownwho’llreallymakeyoulaugh.Hisname’sGrock.”醫(yī)生想了一會(huì)兒。“我覺得你需要開懷大笑，笑出來對(duì)你很有好處。城里剛克，他肯定能逗笑你?！薄癐amGrock,”repliedthemansadly.“可我就是格羅克，”那人悲傷地回答。Lesson3MyFavouriteComedian第三課我最喜歡的喜劇演員TEXT1MrBean憨豆先生MrBeanisaninternationallyrecognisedcomedycharacterinfilmsandTVseries.Hehasareputationforconstantlyencounteringawkwardsituations,whichgreatlyamusesaudiencesofallnationalitiesandcultures.Hishumourisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrelypurelyonbodylanguagethatisuniversal.世界都能理解的方式。OneofmyfavouriteepisodeswasMrBeaninafancyrestaurant.Afterbeingseatedathistable,MrBeantakesoutacard,writesafewwordsonit,putsitinanenvelopeandplacesitonthetable.Afteramoment,helooksbackattheenvelopebutthistimehelookssurprised,asifhedidnotknowitwasthere.Heopensittofindabirthdaycardandveryhappilyputsitonthetableforeveryonetosee.我喜歡的一集是憨豆先生在一家高檔餐廳用餐的故事。在餐廳里安排就座后，發(fā)現(xiàn)是張生日賀卡，他便高興地把賀卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起來。Whenhelooksatthemenu,anastonishedlookquicklyappearsonhisface.Hetakesallthemoneyoutofhiswallet,countsitandputsitinasaucer.Hethenlooksfromthemenutothemoneywithconcernuntilhefindsonethingthatmakeshimsmile.Thenheordersadishcalled“steaktartare”.Whenthedisharrives,heisshockedtodiscoverthat“steaktartare”isactuallyrawhamburger.Hemakesanattempttoeatit,butitisclearfromthelookonhisfaceasheischewingthathefindsthetastetrulyawful.Hecannothidehisfeelings,exceptwhenthewaitersaskifeverythingisallright.Whenthishappens,hesmilesandnods,indicatingthateverythingisfine.Whenthewaitersarenotlooking,however,hebusieshimselfhidingtherawmeatanywherehecanreach—thesugarbowl,thetinyflowervase,insideabreadrollandunderaplate.Hebecomessodesperateintheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurseofawomansittingnearhimandthrowssomedownthetrousersoftherestaurant’sviolinist!看菜單時(shí)，憨豆先生臉上立刻露出震驚的表情。他把錢包里所有的錢都拿出“韃靼牛肉”。可上菜的時(shí)候，憨豆先生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)“韃靼牛肉”其實(shí)就是生肉餡。他嘗了嘗，從他那咀嚼的表情就——糖碗、小花瓶、小IliketowatchMrBeanonTVbutIwouldn’twanttomeetsomeonelikehiminreallife,andIcertainlywouldn’twanttohavedinnerwithhim!不想和他共進(jìn)晚餐！TEXT2TheContemporaryChaplin當(dāng)代卓別林RowanAtkinsonisanEnglishactor,comedianandscreenwriter.InBritain,MrAtkinsonismostlyfamousformanysuccessfulTVshowsbutinternationallyweknowhimbestastheawkward,clumsy,butalwaysamusingMrBean.IfyouthinkthatRowanAtkinsonisanythinglikehisfamouscreation,thenyouareinforasurprise.Onthecontrary,heisnothinglikeMrBean.羅溫?艾金森，英國(guó)喜劇演員、編劇。艾金森先生在英國(guó)的名氣主要源于他參演了很多著名影視劇。但在國(guó)際上，我們所熟悉的他是那個(gè)尷尬、笨拙，總能把人逗樂的憨豆先生。如果你認(rèn)為羅溫?艾金森和他扮演的憨豆先生角色一樣，那你一定會(huì)感到驚訝。相反，他本人實(shí)際上一點(diǎn)也不像憨豆先生。Rowanwasbornon6January,1955.Hegrewuponafarmwithhisparentsandthreeolderbrothers.Hisfatherwasverystrictanddidnotbelieveinthevalueoftelevision.195516父親非常嚴(yán)厲，不相信電視的價(jià)值。Rowanhadaverysuccessfulacademiccareer.Attheageof13,hewasawardedascholarshiptoaboardingschool.Later,hestudiedatNewcastleUniversitywhereheattainedthehighestmarksinhisyear.AtOxford,heobtainedhismaster’sdegreeinelectricalengineering.Thismayexplainwhyhelovesfastcars,ofwhichhehasmany.13歲就獲得了一所寄宿學(xué)校的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，之后原因吧。WhenRowanwasyoung,hehadastutterandtomakehisspeechclearer,hebegantospeakverycarefully.Thismaybewhysomeofhischaractershaveunusualwaysofspeaking.塑造的一些角色講話方式與眾不同的原因。Asearlyasprimaryschool,Rowanhadalreadyshownatalentforacting,butitwasonlylateratuniversitythathedecidedtobecomeanactor.Akeyeventoccurredonedayin1976whenhewasplayingaroundandpullingafaceinthemirror.“Idiscoveredmyface,”hesaidlater.演員。1976年的一天發(fā)生了一件關(guān)鍵的事情，閑玩之中他對(duì)著鏡子做鬼臉。后來他說，“那天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的另一副面孔?！盝ohnLloyd,whoworkedasaproducerforBBCTelevision,saysthatonerarelymeetssomeonewithsuchgenius,andthatwhenheworkedwithAtkinsonhebecameconvincedthatRowanwouldbemorefamousthanCharlieChaplin.英國(guó)廣播公司電視臺(tái)的制片人約翰?勞埃德說，遇到這樣的天才很難得，與羅溫的合作使他相信羅溫會(huì)比查理?卓別林更出名。Unit5Lesson1EnlighteningaMind第一課啟迪心靈HelenKellerwasanexceptionallyspecialgirl.Bythetimeshewassevenyearsold,shestillcouldn’tspeak,readorwriteandneededtohaveeverythingdoneforher.Thiswasbecauseshecouldn’tseeorhear.Withthesesevererestrictionstohercommunication,Helen’sbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.Shewassometimestroublesome,stubbornandangry,andhadatendencytobreakthingswhennooneunderstoodher.海倫?凱勒是一個(gè)非常特殊的女孩。她七歲時(shí)，仍不會(huì)說話，不能讀書也不執(zhí)，而且很易怒。如果沒有人能理解她的意思，她就會(huì)摔東西。Helen’sparentsgotasuperbteacherrecommendedtothem,awomannamedAnneSullivan.AnnewasateacherandformerstudentataschoolfortheblindinBoston.She’dhadeyesightproblemsearlyinlifeaswellsoshecouldrelatetoHelen’sdifficulties.海倫的父母經(jīng)人推薦，聘請(qǐng)了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的優(yōu)秀老師。安妮曾是更能理解海倫所面臨的困境。Anne’stechniquetoteachHelenlanguagewassimpleandstraightforward.AnnespeltwordsbywritingonHelen’shandsothatHelengetamentalpictureofthewords.Shestartedwiththeword“doll”.ShewouldletHelenplaywiththedoll,andthenspelltheletters“D-O-L-L”onherhand.Whentheyinitiallydidthis,Helenthoughtitwasagame.Shewroteaboutherexcitementlaterinherbook,TheStoryofMyLife:安妮教海倫學(xué)習(xí)語言的方法簡(jiǎn)單明了。她先在海倫手上拼寫單詞，使海倫聯(lián)想到單詞的畫面。安妮給海倫拼寫的第一個(gè)詞是。她先讓海倫和洋娃娃玩“Runningdownstairstomymother,Iheldupmyhandandmadethelettersfor‘doll’.IdidnotknowthatIwasspellingawordoreventhatwordsexisted;Iwassimplymakingmyfingersgoinmonkey-likeimitation.”“我跑下樓去見我母親，舉起手來，也給她拼寫字母組成?？晌夷菚r(shí)并指模仿老師。”Whentheywereatthewelloneday,AnneoneofHelen’shandsunderthestreamofwater.AsthewaterflowedoverHelen’shand,AnnespeltoutintoHelen’sotherhand.AsAnnewroteonHelen’shand,Helensuddenlyrealisedthatthemovementofthefingersmeantthecoolliquidflowingoverherhand.Thispreciousknowledgegaveherhopeandjoy.Finally,shegottheworldofwordsopeneduptoher.。安妮在海倫手上寫的時(shí)候，海倫突NowthatHelengraspedthekeytolanguage,shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.Childrenwhocanseeandhearlearnlanguageeasily,butforHelen,itwasagradualandsometimespainfulprocess.However,becauseHelenwassoenthusiasticaboutlearning,theresultswereamazing.正常的孩子能聽、能看，學(xué)起語言來很容易。但對(duì)海倫來說，學(xué)習(xí)語言是個(gè)漸進(jìn)AsHelen’sknowledgeandvocabularyexpanded,sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.Thissoonledhertodiscovermorecomplexwordsandchangedherthinkingprocess.Tryingtolearntheword“l(fā)ove”wasanexperiencethatsherememberedwell.Thisishowshedescribeditinherbook:了更復(fù)雜的單詞，從而改變了思維的過程。她很清楚地記得，學(xué)習(xí)“l(fā)ove”這個(gè)單詞的難忘經(jīng)歷。在書中她這樣描述道：“IrememberthemorningthatIfirstaskedthemeaningoftheword‘love’.ThiswasbeforeIknewmanywords.Ihadfoundafewearlyvioletsinthegardenandbroughtthemtomyteacher...MissSullivanputherarmgentlyroundmeandwroteonmyhand,‘IloveHelen.’‘Whatislove?’Iasked.Shedrewmeclosertoherandsaid,‘Itishere,’pointingtomyheart...HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.”“我記得有一天早上，我第一次問‘love’這個(gè)詞的含義。那時(shí)我的詞匯量還很有限。我在花園里發(fā)現(xiàn)了早開的紫羅蘭，摘下一些帶給老師……莎莉文老師溫柔’‘什么是愛？’’……她的話令我非常困惑，因?yàn)橐酝抑挥杏|碰到實(shí)際物體，才能理解它的意思?！盇lthoughthemeaningoflovewasstillnotapparenttoHelen,shekeptontryingtounderstandit.“Ismeltthevioletsinherhandandasked,halfinwords,halfinsigns,aquestionwhichmeant,‘Islovethesweetnessofflowers?’‘No,’saidmyteacher.’盡管對(duì)海倫來說，愛的意義還不明確，但她一直試著理解?！拔衣劻寺勊帧異凼腔ǘ涞南阄秵幔课业睦蠋熁卮鸬馈！盬henHelenandAnnewereoutsideoneday,Helenfeltthewarmthofthesun’srays.Shepointedupandaskedifthatwaslove.Whenherteachersaidthatitwasn’t,shewasconfusedanddisappointed.“Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.”不是愛，老師說不是，海倫感到更困惑了，而且有些失望。“我覺得很奇怪，因?yàn)槲业睦蠋煵荒芙o我表示什么是愛?！盩heword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbecauseitissuchanabstractconcept.However,onedayasshewasworkingonasimpletask,shehadabreakthrough.ShewasmakingnecklaceswiththehelpofAnnewhenshenoticedthatshehadmadesomemistakes.Becauseshewasuncertainhowtofixthem,shestoppedtothinkcarefully.Asshedidthis,AnnetouchedHelen’sforeheadandwrotetheword“think”onherhand.“InaflashIknewthatthewordwasthenameoftheprocessthatwasgoingoninmyhead.”“think”這個(gè)詞對(duì)海倫來說也很難理解，因?yàn)樗艹橄?。然而有一天，在做一妮點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)海倫的額頭，在她的手上寫“think”這個(gè)詞?！八查g我就明白了，我頭腦中進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)就是這個(gè)詞的意思。”ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.Atthatmoment,hermindreturnedtotheword“l(fā)ove”.Asshethoughtaboutitsmeaningagain,thesuncameout.Shepointedtothesunandaskedherteacheragainifthatwaslove.AnneansweredHelenbyexplainingthatlovewaslikethesunandcloudsinaway.“l(fā)ove”“l(fā)ove”“Youcannottouchtheclouds,youknow;butyoufeeltherain...Youcannottouchloveeither;butyoufeelthesweetnessthatitpoursintoeverything.Withoutloveyouwouldnotbehappyorwanttoplay.”“你知道嗎，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感覺到雨……你也觸摸不到愛，但是你能感覺到愛給萬物帶來的甜蜜。沒有愛，你就不會(huì)快樂，也不會(huì)想玩耍?！盜nthatvividmoment,Helenfinallyunderstoodthebeautifultruthoftheword“l(fā)ove”.就在那個(gè)動(dòng)人的時(shí)刻，海倫終于明白了“l(fā)ove”這個(gè)詞語蘊(yùn)含的美麗的真諦。Lesson3Understanding第三課認(rèn)識(shí)世界Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.Tostartwith,weneedquestions.Then,tofindanswers,weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefacts.Afterthat,weconsiderpossibleanswersandtesteachtofindtherightones.AlthoughtodaywearemoreusedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer,modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus.今天，如何獲取知識(shí)、認(rèn)識(shí)世界，人人皆知。首先，我們需要問題。然后，來解決問題——我們應(yīng)該為此感到慶幸。However,inthe17thcenturywhenFrancisBacon(1561-1626)suggestedthatthistypeofthinkingwasthewaytogainknowledge,hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.AlthoughBaconheldanimportantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland,histrueinterestwasnottheday-to-day,slowandinefficientworkingstyleofthegovernment,buttheworthysearchforknowledge.Thiswascertainlynottheinterestofmostpeopleinhisdays.Atthattime,peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfacts,andpeoplelikeGalileoGalilei(1564-1642),whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”,wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.Thechurchandmanypeopletendedtoignorethefactsanddidn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved.Infact,whenGalileiprovedthattheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniverse,insteadofbelievinghim,peoplechosetobelieveviewsthatwerealmost2,000yearsold!17世紀(jì)時(shí)，弗朗西斯?培根(1561—1626)提出用這種思考方式獲取知識(shí)時(shí)，2000年前的陳舊觀點(diǎn)！ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384-322BCE).HesaidthattheEarthmustbethecentreoftheuniversebecauseitfeltliketheEarthwasstandingstill.Galileidisagreed.Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue,butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.Theydidn’twanttoabandonwhatthey’dalwaysthoughtastrue.thisisstilloftentruetoday.Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim,hewaswrongattimes.AndGalileialsomademistakes.HeisnowknownasthefatherofastronomybuthebelievedthattheEarthmovedroundthesuninaperfectcircle.Hewaswrong.人們?cè)敢庀嘈艂ゴ笳軐W(xué)家亞里士多德(公元前384—前322)提出的那些陳舊Therefore,ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantlygrowingandchanging.Inotherwords,welearnmoreeverydayandnoneofuscaneversitbackandsay,“Weknowitall.”Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthepastfortheirwisdom.Theyunderstoodthatwedon’tknoweverythingandprobablyneverwill,asthiswouldmeanaworldwithquestions.”我們需要感WeowesomuchofourknowledgeandunderstandingoftheworldtopeoplelikeBaconandGalilei,whowerebraveenoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsofconventionalthoughtinordertofindthekingdomofknowledgethattoday’scivilisationisbuiltupon.Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.全世界的金錢相比，這些對(duì)個(gè)人而言更重要，對(duì)全人類而言更有益。文中名言：Whoquestionsmuch,shalllearnmuch,andremembermuch.—FrancisBacon（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯11多問，多學(xué)，多得?！ダ饰魉?培根Alltruthsareeasytounderstandoncetheyarediscovered;thepointistodiscoverthem.—GalileoGalilei所有的真理一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)，都很容易理解。最難的是發(fā)現(xiàn)真理?！?伽利萊Unit6Lesson1FromPagetoScreen第一課從紙書到屏幕Readingabookandwatchingafilmaretwoverydifferentexperiences,butit’snormaltohavehighexpectationswhenafilmofafavouritebookismade.TherearemanytimesIhavebeenpessimisticorevendisappointedbyafilmofabookIlove.Althoughhighlyregardedbooksdonotalwaysmakegoodfilms,itissafetosaythatgreatfilmsmaybemadefromnotparticularlygoodbooks.(TheGodfatherimmediatelyspringstomind.)讀書和看電影是兩種截然不同的體驗(yàn)。如果人們最喜歡的書籍被翻拍成電《教父》。)Thesourcematerialforafilmmaybetakenfromclassicnovels,shortstories,comicbooksandstageplays,aswellasnon-fictionsuchasbiographiesandautobiographies,eventhosewrittenbyghostwriters.Allcanworkwell,butwhydomanyadaptationsandindeedremakesfailwithbothcinemaaudiencesandcritics?Andwhydosomeadaptationsgetlowerratingsthanothers?Akeyquestionisobviouslyhowclosetotheoriginalthefilmis.Sinceatypicalfilmisonlyaroundtwohourslong,itbecomesaquestionforscreenwriterstodecidewhatisappropriateforthescreenandwhattoleaveout.Screenwriterstakecreativelibertyandsometimestheremaybechangestotheplot,additions,andevendifferentendingstopleaseproducers,directorsandtestaudiences.I,likemanypeople,haveoftenleftthecinemafeeling“thefilmisnotlikethebook”.（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯（北師大版）高中英語選擇性必修二課文與翻譯PAGEPAGE15合。對(duì)此編劇有一定的創(chuàng)作自由度，有時(shí)為了迎合制片人、導(dǎo)演、觀眾，會(huì)改動(dòng)部分情節(jié)，甚至演繹不同結(jié)局。和很多人一樣，我也經(jīng)常在看完電影后感嘆“這部電影和原作不一樣”。Anotherproblemareaisthecast.Findingactorsacceptabletofilmaudiencescanmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Readersofthebookusetheirimaginationstovisualisecharactersandhaveverydefiniteideasabouthowcharactersshouldlookandsound.ThisiswhereIthinkmanyfilmadaptationsfalldown.Somebooksarejusttoodifficulttobeadaptedfortechnicalreasons,althoughfilmslikeTheLifeofPiarechangingthisidea.CGI(ComputerGeneratedImage)technologyhashadahugeimpactonthefilmindustry.Itallowedthepreviouslyunfilmabletobecomeareality.攝的內(nèi)容成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。Onemaythinkthatitisthebookwriterwhoisinthebestpositiontodofilmadaptations.Infact,sometimesauthorsareveryinvolvedintheprocessandmayevenbethescreenwriter.Thiscanactuallybeadisadvantagebecausetheymaybetooclosetothematerialandfinditdifficulttoadapttoanewform.Atothertimestheyarenot,andthereareinstanceswherewritershavebeenveryunsatisfiedwiththefilmversionsoftheirwork;StephenKingisanexampleofthis.EvenmoreextremewasnovelistJ.D.Salinger,whomadesurenofilmversionsofhispopularnovelACatcherintheRyecouldeverbemade.Inthissituation,itisclearthatviewerswillnotbedisappointed!Forme,anyway,itisalwaysabadideatowatchafilmofabookyoulove.人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，最適合改編電影的人應(yīng)該是書籍作者本人。事實(shí)上，作者失望！不管怎樣，我認(rèn)為去看自己鐘愛的書籍翻拍成的電影不會(huì)是個(gè)好主意。Despitethechallenges,therehavebeensomehighlysuccessfulfilmsmadefrompopularbooks.Forme,Jaws,HarryPotterandTheLordoftheRingsallfitthiscategory.AndpossiblythebestproofofasuccessfuladaptationistheJamesBondseries,themajorityofwhichhasbeenadaptedfromthe007novelsoflanFleming.Perhapsunusually,audiencesseemtoacceptthattheactorswhohaveplayedJamesBondhavechangedsooften,althougheveryoneseemstohavetheirfavourite.IknowIdo.?007影片中詹姆斯?邦德的扮演者經(jīng)常換人，但觀眾們似乎也能接受，這讓人難以相信。但我相信每位觀眾和我一樣，都有自己最喜歡的那個(gè)扮演者。Lesson3TheAdvertisingGame第三課廣告競(jìng)賽Theadvertisingindustrystartedwiththefundamentalpurposeofpromotingandsellinggoodstopeoplewhomightneedthem.Advertisingagencieswouldcreateabasictypeofadvertisementknownasacommercialadvertisement.Suchadvertisementshavegonethroughaprocessofchangeovertheyearsalongwithsocial,economicandtechnologicaldevelopments.多年來這些廣告經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)變化的過程。Classicadvertisementsusedtogiveinformationaboutfindingcertainproducts.Itwaslikelytobethenameofacompany,partofwhichmightincludethenameoftheplacefromwhichtheproductoriginated.Forexample,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachines”,or“TsingTaoBeerCorporation”.Fromthenameyouwouldknowwhatthecompanysells,wheretheyarelocated,andthenameoftheproduct.上海縫紉機(jī)廠”或“青島啤酒公司”字，你就知道這些公司銷售的具體產(chǎn)品、所在地點(diǎn)以及產(chǎn)品名稱。Advertisingagenciesusedtocreatethiskindofadvertisinganditcouldbeveryeffective.Butthentheyrealisedthatitmightnotbesuitableforamarketplacewhereproductsandservicesareindirectcompetitionwitheachother.Particularlynow,inmoderntimes,advertisementsneedtoattractandholdtheattentionofthepublic.Forthisreason,it’snownormaltoseeadvertisementsthatconsistofpicturesorwordsfromexpertstoshowpeoplehowgoodtheproductis.Otherstrytocreateadvertisementsthatpeoplesimplyenjoylookingat.Aspresent-dayadvertisersoftenhavelargebudgets,hugeamounts