自考詞匯第二章練習(xí)題

自考詞匯第二章練習(xí)題自考詞匯第二章練習(xí)題自考詞匯第二章練習(xí)題資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月自考詞匯第二章練習(xí)題版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：第二章I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.1.ThefollowinglanguagesareallGermanicexceptA.DutchB.FlemishC.NorwegianD.Spanish2.TheearlyinhabitantsoftheBritishIslesspokeA.EnglishB.CelticC.ScandinavianD.Hellenic3.Wordssuchascrag,binandAvonarefromA.LatinB.GreekC.CelticD.Anglo-Saxon4.TheIndo-EuropeanismadeupofmostofthelanguagesofEurope,A.theFarEastandtheNearEastB.theFarEastandtheMiddleEastC.theNearEastandIndiaD.IndiaandNorthAfrica5.TheprehistoricIndo-Europeanparentlanguageisthoughttobea/anlanguage.A.analyticB.inflectedC.isolatingD.agglutinative6.belongtotheWesternsetoftheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.A.Hellenic,Germanic,HindiandCelticB.Germanic,Persian,AlbanianandIndo-IranianC.Celtic,Germanic,HellenicandItalicD.Scandinavian,Germanic,AlbanianandArmenian7.IntheWesternsetoftheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily,GreekisthemodernlanguagederivedfromA.HellenicB.ScandinavianC.ItalicD.Celtic8.IntheCeltic,wefind,etc.A.Scottish,Welsh,Irish,IcelandicB.Irish,Scottish,Welsh,BretonC.Flemish,Scottish,Breton,DutchD.Norwegian,Irish,Breton,Welsh9.Anglo-SaxondominatedandalmosttotallyblottedoutinOldEnglishperiod.A.ScandinavianB.SwedishC.SanskritD.Celtic10.OldEnglishisahighlylanguagejustlikemodernGerman.A.agglutinativeB.analyticC.isolatingD.inflected11.Asabasicword,"father"isborrowedfromA.ScandinavianB.GreekC.FrenchD.Latin12.TheNormanConqueststartedacontinualflowofwordsintoEnglish.A.LatinB.GreekC.DanishD.French13.HandbookisawordcreatedbycombingA.twonativewordsB.anativewordandaloanwordC.twoloanwordsD.aCelticwordandanAnglo-Saxonword14.ItisestimatedthatatleastwordsofScandinavianoriginhavesurvivedinmodernEnglish.A.1000B.90015.Between1250and1500aboutFrenchwordspouredintoEnglish.A.900B.900OC.100O0D.1200016.AllofthefollowingwordsarefromDutchexcept.A.boomB.easelC.stoopD.shirt17.OldEnglishwasalanguageof_endings,andMiddleEnglishwasoneofendings.A.full,leveledB.leveled,fullC.partial,leveledD.full,partial18.Sincethebeginningofthe20~century,particularlyafterWorldWarII,althoughborrowingremainsachannelofEnglishvocabularyexpansion,morewordsarecreatedbymeansofA.analogyB.word-formationC.transferD.conversion19.Englishhasevolvedfroma_language(OldEnglish)tothepresentlanguage.A.analytic,syntheticB.synthetic,analyticC.agglutinative,analyticD.isolating,synthetic20.MorethanpercentofmodernEnglishwordscomealmostdirectlyfromclassicallanguages.A.80B.2521.Bytheendofthecentury,EnglishtooktheplaceofFrenchandgraduallycamebackintotheschools,thelawcourts,andgovernmentandregainedsocialstatus.A.12thB.14thC.13thD.15th22.ThetranslationoftheBibleandthewritingsofandotherscontributedalottotherevivalofEnglishasthedominatinglanguageinMiddleEnglishperiod.A.Langland;Wycliffe,ChaucerB.Wycliffe;Langland,ChaucerC.Chaucer;Wycliffe,ThomasMoreD.Bacon;Wycliffe,Chaucer23.OldEnglishbegantoundergoagreatchangewhentheinvadedEnglandin1066.A.RomansB.DanesC.NormansD.Jutes24.BeforeEnglishregainedsocialstatusinMiddleEnglishperiod,thoseinpowerspokeFrench;thosewhowereliteratereadandwrote;thosewhocouldeducatetheirchildrentaughtthemin;andanyyoungmanwhosoughttoearnhislivingasascribelearnedorA.Latin;French;Latin,FrenchB.French;French;French,EnglishC.French;French;Latin,FrenchD.Greek;French;Greek,French25.ThethreemainsourcesofnewwordsareA.therapiddevelopmentofmodemscienceandtechnology;social,economicandpoliticalchanges;theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguagesB.therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology;social,economicandpoliticalchanges;revivingarchaicorobsoletewordsC.creation,borrowingandrevivingarchaicorobsoletewordsD.semanticchange,creation,borrowingandrevivingarchaicorobsoletewords26.Thewordswith"sk"soundsarefromA.FrenchB.DanishC.LatinD.Dutch27.EnglishRenaissancebroughtover10000newwordsfromandintoEnglishlanguage.A.Latin,GreekB.Latin,FrenchC.French,GermanD.Greek,French28."coolie"isfromand"freight"isfromA.Chinese,DutchB.Indian,SpanishC.Japanese,SpanishD.Indian,Dutch29.ModemEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughA.terminology,analogyandborrowingB.creation,semanticchange,borrowingandrevivalofarchaicorobsoletewordsC.creation,archaismsandsemanticchangeD.semanticchange,denizensandargot30.SemanticchangeenrichesEnglishvocabularythroughA.additionofmorenewusagestotheexistingwordsB.additionofnewwordstotheexistingEnglishvocabularyC.borrowingmeaningsfromthesimilarwordsofotherlanguagesD.assimilationofloanwordsintotheexistingEnglishvocabulary31.The3000(someputit5000)languagesintheworldcanbegroupedintoroughly300languagefamiliesonthebasisofsimilaritiesintheirandA.nativewordstock,grammarB.basicwordstock,loanwordstockC.basicwordstock,grammarD.nativewordstock,loanwordstock32.TheintroductionofhadagreatinfluenceonEnglishvocabulary.Thewordssuchas"abbot","amen"and"apostle"aresomeoftheexamplewords.A.RenaissanceB.ChristianityC.BuddhismD.Islam33.ThesecondmajorknownlanguageknowninEnglandwasoftheRomanLegions.A.GreekB.LatinC.CelticD.Anglo-Saxon34.NativewordsarewordsbroughttoBritaininthefifthcenturybythetribes:theAngles,theSaxons,andtheJutes,thusknownasAnglo-Saxonwords.A.ScandinavianB.CelticC.RomanD.Germanic35.Nativewordsareinstyleandinuse.A.appreciative,frequentB.pejorative,neutralC.neutral,frequentD.frequent,neutral36.AccordingtoStuartRobertson,etal(1957),theninefunctionalwords,namely,"and","be","have","it","of","the","to","will"and"you"assumeofthetaskofexpressioninEnglish.A.onethirdB.onefourthC.ahalfD.onefifth37."but","do(does,did)","be(am,are,were,is)"and"of"areallwordsbynotionand___wordsbyusefrequency.A.functional,basicB.basic,functionalC.native,basicD.content,native38.Theword"quoth"(said)isa/anA.neologismB.archaismC.translation-loanD.semantic-loan39.Theword"shift"from"skipta"isa/aninEnglish.A.translation-loanB.semantic-loanC.denizenD.alien40.TheEnglishlanguageisnotedfortheremarkableandofitsvocabulary.A.complexity,heterogeneityB.purity,simplicityC.naturalness,simplicityD.naturalness,conventionalityII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.1.isthelanguageoftheearlyinhabitantsoftheBritishIsles.3,000(someputit5,000)languages,whichcanbegroupedintoroughlylanguagefamiliesonthebasisofsimilaritiesintheirbasicwordstockandgrammar.,Icelandic,DanishandSwedisharegenerallyknownaslanguages.firstpeopleknowntoinhabitEnglandwerewordssuchas"Kent","London"and"Thames"arewordssuchas"window","leg","husband","life"and"house"are7.OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguagejustlikemodem8.Consideringthechangesinvocabulary,itisnecessarytosubdivideintoEarly(1500-1700)andLate(1700--uptothepresent)ModemEnglish.10,000newwordsenteredtheEnglishlanguageduringEnglishRenaissance.ManyoftheseweretakenfromLatinandGreekbyscholarswhowantedtoreplacetheformsearlieradoptedfrom10.Englishhasevolvedfromasyntheticlanguage(OldEnglish)tothepresentlanguage.11.Gozzi,theauthorofNewWordsandChangingAmericanCulture(1990),discoveredthattermsmakeupapproximately45percentofnewwords.Englishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannelscreation,,borrowing.referstotheformationofnewwordsbyusingtheexistingmaterials,namely,affixesandotherelements.14.changemeansanoldformwhichtakesonanewmeaningtomeetthenewneed.15.hasplayedavitalroleinthedevelopmentofEnglishvocabulary,especiallyinearliertimes.16.InearlierstagesofEnglish,French,Latin,Greekandwerethemajorcontributors.17."loan"usedasatransitiveverbinAmericanEnglishisaninstanceofrevivaloforobsoletewords.18.TheIndo-EuropeanismadeupofmostofthelanguagesofEurope,theNearEastand19.OldEnglishhasaboutwords.20.NativewordsarewordsbroughttoBritaininthefifthcenturybytheGermanictribes:theAngles,theSaxons,andtheJutes,thusknownaswords,orOldEnglishwords.21.IntheearlyperiodofModernEnglish,EuropesawanewupsurgeoflearningancientGreekandRomanclassics.Thisisknownasthe22.Thewords"dress","pork","mutton"and"fry"areallborrowedfrom23.Generallyspeaking,theEnglishwordsaresimpleandcommoncomparedwiththeborrowedLatin,GreekandFrenchwords.24.Theword"judge"isborrowedfrom25.A/Anlanguageisalanguageinwhichthevariousformsofagivenwordshowitsrelationshiptootherwordsinasentence.26.Theword"hamburger"isborrowedfrom27.ThenativeEnglishwordoriginallyanameofthe-springfestivalhonoringthegoddessofdawn,takesonthepresentmeaning,themostimportantandoldestfestivaloftheChristianchurch,celebratingtheresurrectionofChrist.28.ItisestimatedthatborrowingsconstitutepercentofthemodemEnglishvocabulary.29.EnglishandScandinaviansharedmanywords.word"teepee"isawordborrowedfrom31.Manywordsrelatingtogovernment,socialscales,law,religion,moralmatters,militaryaffairs,foodandfashionenteredEnglishinMiddleEnglishperiod.32.Rapidgrowthofbreedssuchnewwordsas"greenrevolution","astrobiology"and"earthrise".33.changesbringaboutsuchwordsas"fastfood","TVdinner","hiphuggers"and"talkshow".wordscontaining"-by"and"-thrope"areallWords.35.OfalltheborrowedwordsinEnglish,aboutarefromFrench.word"kangaroo"isfromonelanguageofthe37.Anglo-SaxonisalsocalledEnglish.38.In55-54B.C,theinvadedtheBritishIslesandweretooccupythelanduntilabout410.39.Latin-speakingRomanmissionariesunderSt.AugustinecametospreadinBritainattheendofthe6~century.40.DuringRenaissance,Latinandwererecognizedasthelanguagesofthewesternworld'sgreatliteraryheritageandofgreatscholarship.III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto（1）modesofvocabularydevelopment;（2）sourcesofnewwords;（3）languagefamilies;(4)sourcesofborrowingand(5)dassificationofwordsbyorigin,byusefrequencyandbynotion.AB1.themA.Celtic2.dukeB.Spanish3.FlemishC.Indian4.druggistD.Italic5.pitabreadE.Latin6.ScottishF.Japanese7.handbookG.theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages8.licheeH.Germanic9.neck(originallythatI.Frenchpartofmanoranimaljoiningtheheadtothebody)10.deckJ.emptyword11.plazaK.German12.judoL.Hellenic13.NehrujacketsM.Greek14.GreekN.creation15.FrenchO.Scandinavian16.ascendP.Dutch17.biologyQ.revivalofarchaicorobsoletewords18.blitzkriegR.Indo-Iranian19.HindiS.Chinese20.be(auxiliary)T.semanticchange21.sunU.Arabic22.skirtV.Argot23.emirW.Slang24.can-opener(all-X.OldNorsepurposekey)25.X-rays(radar)Y.nativewordIV.Studythefollowingwordsandexpressionsandidentify(1)typesofnon-basicEnglishwords;（2)languagefamilies;(3)modesofvocabularydevelopment;(4)typesofloan-wordsand(5)classificationofwordsbynotion.1.troth(=pledge)()(=talk)()3.change(fromchangier)()4.bazaar(Persian)()5.have(=own)()()7.Welsh()8.fingertip()9.Dutch()10.treacle(originallywildanimal)()V.Definethefollowingterms.1.creation2.semanticchange3.threemodesofmodemEnglishvocabularydevelopment4.theGermanicfamilyVI.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.1.WhatistheIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilyandwhatmajorfamiliescanbefoundinitarethemodesofEnglishvocabularydevelopmentWhatistheroleofeachinEnglishvocabularydevelopment3.WhatarethecharacteristicsofMiddleEnglish4.Whatarethemainreasonsforthegrowthofpresent-dayEnglishvocabulary5.WhatarethecharacteristicsofModemEnglish6.WhatarethecharacteristicsofOldEnglishVII.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.1.Hehasbeensicksincethisfall.Tellwhat"sick"and"fall"meanrespectivelyandexplainwhytheytakeonthosemeaningsinmodemAmericanEnglish.2."shirt"wasoriginallywrittenas"skyrta"andthepronunciationsofthetwowordsaredifferent,too.Explainthereasonsforthechangeinspellingandpronunciation.參考答案I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.21.C26.B29.B31.C33.B36.B38.B39.C40.AII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.1.Celtic3.Scandinavian4.Celts5.Celtic6.Scandinavian7.German8.ModemEnglish9.French10.analytic11.scienceandtechnology12.semanticchange13.roots14.Semmatic15.Borrowing16.Scandinavian17.archaic18.India19.50000to6000020.Anglo-Saxon21.Renaissance22.French23.native24.French25.inflected26.German27.Easter29.Old30.Russianandtechnology33.Social,economicandpolitical34.Latin35.ahalf36.Aborigines37.Old38.Romans39.Christianity40.GreekthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto(1)modesofvocabularydevelopment;(2)sourcesofnewwords;(3)languagefamilies;（4)sourcesofborrowingand(5)classificationofwordsbyorigin,byusefrequencyandbynotion.21.YIV.Studythefollowingwordsandexpressionsandidentify(1)typesofnon-basicEnglishwords;(2)languagefamilies;(3)modesofvocabularydevelopment;(4)typesofloan-wordsand(5)classificationofwordsbynotion.1.archaism2.slang3.denizen4.alien5.notional/contentword6.functional/empty/formword7.Celtic8.creation9.Germanic10.semanticchange11.Definethefollowingterms.1.Creationreferstotheformationofnewwordsbyusingtheexistingmaterials,namelyroots,affixesandotherelements.changemeansanoldformwhichtakesonanewmeaningtomeetthenewneed.3.ModemEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:creation,semanticchange,borrowing.GermanicfamilyconsistsofthefourNorthernEuropeanlanguages:Norwegian,Icelandic,DanishandSwedish,andGerman,Dutch,FlemishandEnglish.IV.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbedearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.1.TheIndo-EuropeanismadeupofmostofthelanguagesofEurope,theNearEastandIndia.Thesurvivinglanguagesfallintoeightprincipalgroups,whichcanbegroupedintoanEasternset:BahSlavic,Indo-Iranian,ArmenianandAlbanian;aWesternset:Celtic,Italic,Hellenic,Germanic.2.ModemEnglishvocabularydevelopsmainlythroughthree