外研版初一英語(（下冊(cè)）)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

..MODULE1一．短語歸納。1.lostandfoundbox失物招領(lǐng)箱2.becarefulwith…小心…3.fromnowon從現(xiàn)在開始4.<be>inahurry匆忙5.hundredsof成百上千6.lookfor尋找〔過程7.firstofall首先8.find找到〔結(jié)果9.trytodosth努力做某事〔會(huì)成功10.choosefrom從…中挑選11.trydoingsth試圖做某事〔成功與否未知12.atthemoment此時(shí)此刻13.suchas例如〔用于列舉14.forexample例如二．重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)Whose+名詞+isthis?這是誰的…？helpsbdosth.幫助某人做某事Pleasebecarefulwith…請(qǐng)小心保管…Welcometo+地點(diǎn)歡迎來到…callsbat+號(hào)碼撥…給某人打三．語法專項(xiàng)。物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞〔…屬于誰的人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞形容性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系： 形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。Myfather,yourteacher...物主代詞名詞性物主代詞:相當(dāng)于與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。Thisshirtismine.=Thisismyshirt.MODULE2一．短語歸納。1.getonwellwithsb.與某人相處融洽2.playthepiano彈鋼琴3.playtabletennis打乒乓球4.whatabout…?=howabout…?...怎么樣？5.worryabout…擔(dān)心…6.begoodatdoingsth.擅長(zhǎng)做某事7.flyakite放風(fēng)箏8.that’sall僅此而已9.bereadytodosth.樂于做某事二．重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)。1.What/Howaboutdoingsth?做…怎么樣？2.Wouldliketodosth..愿意做某事3.promisetodosth.承諾做某事4.play+球類名詞玩…球5.playthe+樂器演奏…樂器6.do<some>+動(dòng)詞ing形式做…7.besureofsth…確信…〔說話人的信念Wearesureofoursuccess.我們確信我們會(huì)成功。8.besuretodosth,一定…〔說話人的推測(cè)Wearesuretosucceed.我們一定會(huì)成功。三．語法專項(xiàng)?！惨磺閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can的用法。1.含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力,能或會(huì)…2.特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。3.否定形式：cannot<正式用法>＝can’t<口語>4.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：參見課本93頁。.MODULE3一．短語歸納。1.haveapicnic去野餐2.checkone′semail查收某人的郵件3.goover復(fù)習(xí)4.onSundaymorning在周日上午5.see/watchamovie看電影6.inthepark在公園里7.haveapianolesson上一節(jié)鋼琴課8.makefriends交朋友9.summerholiday暑假10.goonasummercamp參加夏令營(yíng)11.takeawalk＝goforawalk散步12.dosomesightseeing觀光二．重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)。1.I′mgoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形。我將要…2.lookforwardto＋動(dòng)詞ing形式。期待…3.havefun﹙in﹚doing做…很高興。4.go＋動(dòng)詞ing形式.去…5.enjoyoneself過得愉快6.Ihopethat＋句子我希望…7.hopetodosth.希望做某事8.hopefor﹢﹙名詞或名詞短語﹚…希望…三．語法專項(xiàng)。一般將來時(shí)﹙Ⅰ﹚begoingto的用法。1.含義：計(jì)劃,打算做某事2.特點(diǎn)：因?yàn)橛衎e動(dòng)詞,所以begoingto可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。3.將來時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)﹙Ⅰ﹚請(qǐng)參考課本94頁。﹙必需背會(huì)﹚MODULE4一．短語歸納。1.inthefuture將來2.studyathome在家學(xué)習(xí)3.in20year’stime20年之后4.ontheInternet在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上5.beableto能、會(huì)6.freetime空閑時(shí)間7etrue實(shí)現(xiàn)8.allyear﹙around﹚整年9.aswell也﹙肯定句句末,前面無逗號(hào)﹚10.not…anymore不在…11.byemail通過電子郵件12.askaquestion問問題13.thechangeofweather天氣的變化14.dolightandeasywork做輕松簡(jiǎn)單的工作二．重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)。1.beableto＋動(dòng)詞原形。2.not…anymoreTonydoesn′tplayfootballanymore.托尼不再踢球了。3.notonly…butalso…不僅…而且…NotonlymebutalsohelikesEnglish.﹙動(dòng)詞的形式與butalso之后名詞的數(shù)保持一致﹚不僅我他也喜歡英語三．語法專項(xiàng)。一般將來時(shí)﹙Ⅱ﹚由shall和will引導(dǎo)的一般將來時(shí)1.含義：將會(huì)…2.特點(diǎn)：助動(dòng)詞shall和will沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。Shall在一般將來時(shí)中,一般用于第一人稱之后。例如：I/WeshallhaveanEnglishlesson.我們將有一節(jié)英語課。3.否定形式：shallnot＝shan′twillnot＝won′t4.將來時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)﹙Ⅱ﹚請(qǐng)參考課本頁。﹙必需背會(huì)﹚MODULE5短語歸納。1.onMother′sDay2.Whatcolour/color3.Whatabout…?4.tryon5.Lookat…6.toomuch7.Waitaminute8.halfprice9.payfor10.afewdayslater11.thepriceof…12.oneday13.atanytime14.oneofthem15.beableto16.becauseof…17.onlineshopping二．重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)。1.What′sthepriceof…?...的價(jià)格是多少？2.buysbsth.＝buysthforsb.給某人買某物為某人買…3.oneofthe＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.oneofthemostfamouswriters.最著名的作家之一。三．語法專項(xiàng)。特殊疑問句。1.結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？2.特殊疑問詞總結(jié)：what什么〔職業(yè),姓名等when什么時(shí)候〔where什么地方who誰which哪一個(gè)why為什么how怎么樣whatday星期幾Whatdayisittoday?whatsize多大尺碼Whatsizeareyourshoes?howmany多少〔提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量Howmanybooksdoyouhave?多少〔提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量Howmuchwateristhereintheglass?Howmuch多少錢〔提問價(jià)格Howold幾歲〔提問年齡 多長(zhǎng)〔提問長(zhǎng)度Howlongisthisruler?Howlong這把尺子有多長(zhǎng)？多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間〔時(shí)間持續(xù)多久Howlongdoyougotoschool?你去學(xué)校要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？Howoften多久〔提問頻率既單位時(shí)間發(fā)生多少次Howsoon〔還要多久時(shí)間才能開始或結(jié)束Howsoonwillhecomeback?Howfar〔提問距離有多遠(yuǎn)他多久才能回來？Howheavy〔提問有多重MODULE6一單詞和短語beon上映...節(jié)目filmstar電影明星footballmatches足球比賽beon上映...節(jié)目filmstar電影明星footballmatches足球比賽stayathome呆在家attheparty在晚會(huì)上theparty在晚會(huì)上thestadium體育館Cinema在電影院night在晚上thephoto在照片里thefridge在冰箱里thephoto在照片里thefridge在冰箱里China/Beijing2008中國(guó)、北京、2008MODULE3一介詞over正上方behind在...后面onAtthebackof...在...里面的后面〔在后部Ontheleftof...在左邊Ontherightof...在右邊nextto緊挨著near附近inthefrontof在里面的前面under...在...正下方〔在前部infrontof...在...前面between...and...在兩者之間LinglingsitsbetweenTonyandDaming.玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間among在三者或三者以上之間MissLiisamonglotsofstudents.李老師在許多同學(xué)之間注意：介詞短語常和be動(dòng)詞連用。語法專項(xiàng)Therebe句型〔在某地有某物用法參照筆記和課本第79頁thereis/are+thereis/are+名詞+地點(diǎn).Howmany+"可復(fù)"+arethere+地點(diǎn)?Howmuch+"不可數(shù)"+isthere+地點(diǎn)？注意：1.就近原則：therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞的形式和與它相鄰的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。Thereissomemeatandtwoapplesonthedesk.Therearetwoapplesandmeatonthedesk.2.名詞所有格：...的分類：‘s所有格Jim’sbookJim的書LilyandLucy's兩人共有的LilyandLucy'sfather.Lily'sandLucy's兩人各有的Lily'sandLucy'srooms.Myuncle’s我叔叔家Children’sDay兒童節(jié)s’所有格thestudents’books學(xué)生們的書Teachers’Day教師節(jié)of所有格thebookofJimJim的書〔可以和’s所有格互換擁有者有生命時(shí)thelegsofadesk.桌子的腿〔一般用于擁有者無生命時(shí)特殊形式：thekeytothedoor.門的鑰匙theanswertothequestion.問題的答案雙重所有格：由‘s所有格和of所有格或者由‘s所有格和名詞性物主代詞構(gòu)成。意義：表示部分的概念。‘s所有格和of所有格afriendofmyfather’s.我父親的一位朋友〔父親眾多朋友中的一個(gè)比較：afriendofmyfather我父親的朋友〔和父親是朋友關(guān)系‘s所有格和名詞性物主代詞afriendofmine.我的一位朋友MODULE4單詞和短語1.orange橙汁h(huán)avesomeorange［U］橙色theorangesareorange［C］橙子Thisisanorange［C］Kind善良Heisverykind.種類=tyreakind/typeoffruittwokinds/typesoffruitsgym:不受天氣影響的室內(nèi)體育館、健身房或運(yùn)動(dòng)館stadium:周圍有看臺(tái)的露天大型運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)keep/stayhealthybeinpoor/badhealthingoodhealthbeunhealthybebadforone’shealthbehealthybeinhealthbegoodforone’shealth 指數(shù)量〔不可數(shù)Thereismuchdrinkinthefridge.5.food,fruit,drink冰箱里有許多飲料。指種類〔可數(shù)Waterandmilkarehealthydrinks.牛奶和水是健康的飲品。or的用法：①或：Idrinkwaterorcola.我喝牛奶或水②并列<否定句：Idon'tlikeswimmingordancing.我不喜歡游泳和舞蹈。二語法專項(xiàng)名詞一般規(guī)則：條件變化形式例詞一般情況+-sshops單詞以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾+-esbuses以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾以元音字母+y結(jié)尾去y為i+-es直接加scity-citiesboys單詞以"o"結(jié)尾以輔音字母+o+-estomatoes但photopiano除外photospianos以元音字母+o+-szooskangaroos一些以‘f’或‘fe’結(jié)尾的單詞把’f‘或’fe‘變成’ves'knife-knivesWolf-wolves特殊變化：元音字母交替man-menwoman-womenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-mice單復(fù)數(shù)同型fishdeer<鹿sheepChineseJapanese詞尾變化child-children不可數(shù)名詞：〔參照筆記不可數(shù)名詞口訣acupofteaaglassofwateracupofteaaglassofwateracanofcokeabottleofjuiceabowlofriceapieceofmeattwocupsofteatwoglassesofwatertwocansofcoketwobottlesofjuicetwobowlsofricetwopiecesofmeat復(fù)合名詞：男...manteacher<單數(shù)—menteachers<復(fù)數(shù)女...Womanteacher<單數(shù)—womenteachers<復(fù)數(shù)boystudent<單數(shù)—boystudents<復(fù)數(shù)girlstudent<單數(shù)—girlstudents<復(fù)數(shù)havegot的用法<參照筆記和課本80頁havegot人擁有...Hehasgotabrother. 人有...Hehasabrother.比較have物有...Thedoghastwobigeyes.some和any的用法參照筆記和課本第81頁some和any的其他用法Some用于表建議的疑問句Howaboutsomeorangejuice?Wouldyoulikesome...?any用于肯定句表示任何一個(gè)...AnyoneshouldlearnEnglishwell.任何人都應(yīng)該學(xué)好英語MODULE5一單詞和短語 breakfast,lunch,dinner,supperhome回家abreak,aresttoschool上學(xué)haveEnglish,Chinesegotobed上床睡覺amathslessontosleep入睡adrinkOntheweekendweekdays在工作日在周末onSunday在周日AtweekendsMondaymorning/afternoon/evening在周一/上午/下午/晚上halfpastninethemorningatnoon/middayintheafternoonnighttheevening to...和...說話<一方說一方聽talkwith...和...交談〔雙方交談about...和...談?wù)撜撽P(guān)于...二語法專項(xiàng)時(shí)間表達(dá)法〔參照筆記Whattimeisit?幾點(diǎn)鐘What’sthetime?Whendoyougetup?Whendoyougetup?Whattimedoyougetup?Whenisyourbirthday/thefilm?<問日、月、年或某事何時(shí)發(fā)生一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)〔I〔參照筆記和課本第82頁意義：人或物在日常生活中經(jīng)常做的事情或經(jīng)常處于某一狀態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能:

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。eg：Theskyisblue.

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。eg：Igetupatsixeveryday.

3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。eg：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be<am,is,are>+其它。eg：Iamaboy.

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞<+其它>。eg：WestudyEnglish.結(jié)構(gòu)一：IWeYou+動(dòng)詞原形.〔肯定句Theyhavelunch.Theboys<名詞復(fù)數(shù)IWeYou+don’t+動(dòng)詞原形.〔否定句Theydon’thavelunch.Theboys<名詞復(fù)數(shù)IweYes,主語+do.Do+You+動(dòng)詞原形？〔一般疑問句回答No,主語+don’t.theyhavelunch?theboys<名詞復(fù)數(shù)MODULE6一單詞和短語①Namesoftheanimalscamelelephantgiraffekangaroomonkey--monkeysSnakepandalionzebrapolarbearwolf--wolves〔復(fù)數(shù)in②大洲及動(dòng)物居住地in AsiaAfricaEuropeOceaniaAmericaNorth/SouthAmericathedesert/forest/grassland/jungle/sea/wildmygrandparentsVisitthezoo五千5thousandthousandsofstudentseveryone/everybody+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞單三形式befrom...=comefrom...15kilosofbamboo十五公斤竹子goanddosth.=gotodosth.去做某事goandseethepanda.=gotoseethepanda.去看熊貓Hereisa/an...這有...Hereare..allovertheworld全世界aroundtheworld語法專項(xiàng)alittle〔用于不可數(shù)名詞little一些〔用于肯定句幾乎沒有〔在肯定句中構(gòu)成否定句afew〔用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)fewThereisalittlemilkintheglass.杯里有一些牛奶Thereislittlemilkintheglass.杯里幾乎沒有牛奶Thereareafewapplesinthefridge.冰箱里有一些蘋果Therefewapplesinthefridge.冰箱里幾乎沒有蘋果一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)〔Ⅱ<參照筆記和課本第83頁一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中第三人稱行為動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般動(dòng)詞后詞加splayplays以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾加esguessguesses以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾加esgogoes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾去y為iesstudystudies結(jié)構(gòu)二HeShe+動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù).<肯定句Ithastwobigeyes.Tony<名詞第三人稱單數(shù)HeShe+doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形.<否定句Itdoesn’thavetwobigeyes.Tony<名詞第三人稱單數(shù)hesheDoes+it+動(dòng)詞原形?<一般疑問句Tonyhavetwobigeyes?<名詞第三人稱單數(shù)MODULE7一單詞和短語connect...to...把連接到writeanameforit為它命名onthecomputer/phone/television通過電腦、、電視savethedocument保存文件saveone'slife拯救生命doone'shomework做作業(yè)goonline/ontheInternet上網(wǎng)sendemailandphotos發(fā)送郵件和照片maketravelplans做旅行計(jì)劃checkthetraintimetable查詢列車時(shí)刻表getinformation〔apieceofinformation>獲得信息〔一條信息downloadmusic下載音樂visitonewebsite訪問網(wǎng)站ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上weekends 在周末theweekendat/onweekdays在工作日weekdayswitchon/off...開啟電器turnon/off...關(guān)閉電器mousemice老鼠〔復(fù)數(shù)mouses鼠標(biāo)〔復(fù)數(shù)say+內(nèi)容Saygoodbye!說再見！Speak語言SpeakEnglish.說英語tosb.Speaktomum.和媽媽說話sb.Sth告訴某人某事sthtosb.把某事告訴某人tellsb.<not>todosth.告訴某人〔不做某事astorySometimes有時(shí)sometimes幾次、幾倍Sometime某一時(shí)間〔表將來Sometime一段時(shí)間learntodosth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事二語法專項(xiàng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)〔Ⅲ〔參考筆記和課本第84頁結(jié)構(gòu)三：特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？特殊疑問詞總結(jié)：What什么〔職業(yè),姓名等when什么時(shí)候〔where什么地方who誰Which哪一個(gè)why為什么How怎么樣whatday星期幾Whatsize多大尺碼howmany多少〔提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量多少〔提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量Howmuch多少錢〔提問價(jià)格Howold幾歲〔提問年齡 多長(zhǎng)〔提問長(zhǎng)度Howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間〔時(shí)間持續(xù)多久Howlongdoyougotoschool?你去學(xué)校要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？Howoften多久〔提問頻率既單位時(shí)間發(fā)生多少次Howsoon〔還要多久時(shí)間才能開始或結(jié)束Howsoonwillhecomeback?Howfar〔提問距離有多遠(yuǎn)他多久才能回來？Howheavy〔提問有多重MODULE8一單詞和短語beon上映...節(jié)目filmstar電影明星footballmatches足球比賽beon上映...節(jié)目filmstar電影明星footballmatches足球比賽stayathome呆在家attheparty在晚會(huì)上theparty在晚會(huì)上thestadium體育館Cinema在電影院night在晚上thephoto在照片里thefridge在冰箱里thephoto在照片里thefridge在冰箱里China/Beijing2008中國(guó)、北京、2008ininIt’s+形容詞+todosth.做某事是...seeafilm/seefilms=gotothecinemawatchamovie/movies看電影onsth.seeafilm/seefilms=gotothecinemawatchamovie/movies看電影人+spend<s>+時(shí)間/金錢某人在...花錢/時(shí)間indoingsth.某人在做某事上花錢/時(shí)間二句型likelikepracticeThankyoufor+doingsthfinishstartMyhobbyis...我的愛好是...Myfavouritesportis...Wouldyoulikesth？你想要...?todosth？你愿意做...?Wouldyoulikesth？你想要...?todosth？你愿意做...?Let'sdosth.讓我們做...What'sthepriceof......?...價(jià)格是多少?BestwishBestwishestosb.給...最美好的祝愿forteachers'dayIhavenotime.Idon'thavetime.dosth.Ihavenotime.Idon'thavetime.我沒有時(shí)間：watchsb看到某人做了...doingsthpleaseletpleaseletwouldcouldcanmustdodoeswantwouldlikeask/invitesb.wantwouldlikeask/invitesb.tellsbtodosth.+dosth.+dosth.bedifferentfrom和...不同asksb.<not>todosth.讓某人〔不做某事haveahabitofdingsth.有做...事的習(xí)慣getsth.fromsb.從某人那里得到...aboxofcandies/chocolates一盒糖、巧克力糖wearsilkshirts穿著絲綢T-恤<當(dāng)物為代詞時(shí),只能用to或for的句型<當(dāng)物為代詞時(shí),只能用to或for的句型send/givesth.tosb.make/buy/choosesth.forsb.=send/givesb.sth.=make/buy/choosesb.Sth.lotsofalotoflotsofalotofmany+[C]much+[U]肯定或否定句+[C]或[U]肯定句肯定或否定句+[C]或[U]肯定句二語法專項(xiàng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)〔Ⅳ頻度副詞用法頻率遞減always總是頻率遞減usually通常often經(jīng)常sometimes有時(shí)seldom很少never從不<在肯定句中構(gòu)成否定句即表否定含義be動(dòng)詞之后Jimisoftenlateforschool.主語之后行為動(dòng)詞之前Healwaysgoestoschoolbybike.句首Sometimes,Igotoschoolbybike.助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后Idon’talwaysgotoschoolbybike.注意：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中頻度副詞對(duì)行為動(dòng)詞的形式無影響。例如2,4.MODULE9一單詞和短語lieinthesun躺在陽光下sthtosb.standinline站成一排send把...發(fā)送給某人takephotosof給...拍照sbsth.waitfor...等待...發(fā)送給某人...theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城alot=verymuch非常beonaschooltrip進(jìn)行學(xué)校旅行g(shù)obackto回到...rightnow立刻geton/off上/下〔bus/train...>beonsale出售〔打折runfor...追趕...gototheopera去歌劇院〔聽歌劇enjoythesun享受陽光haveadrink喝飲料二句型enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事WhataboutIt’stimetodosth.到做某事的時(shí)間了Howaboutdoingsth?sth做...怎么樣Thankyou/Thanksfor因?yàn)?..感謝你doingsth.Wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事因?yàn)樽?..感謝你三語法專項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):人或物現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在做的事情?！簿唧w內(nèi)容參照課本第85頁結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+be+現(xiàn)在分詞〔動(dòng)詞ing>.Wearehavingaschooltripnow.否定句：主語+benot+現(xiàn)在分詞<動(dòng)詞ing>.Wearenothavingaschooltripnow.一般疑問句：Be+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞〔動(dòng)詞ing>？Areyouhavingaschooltripnow?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？Whatareyoudoingnow?注意：1.如：come,go,leave,start,begin,finish,move等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生而不是表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如：IamleavingforBeijing.我將要?jiǎng)由砬巴本?。常用語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間和單詞。now,atthe/thismoment,look！Listen！等。MODULE10一單詞和短語atSpringFestival在春節(jié)FatherChristmas圣誕老人atChristmasDay在圣誕節(jié)cookthemeal做飯makelanterns扎燈籠beatwork=beworking在工作learnthedragondance學(xué)舞龍hurryup趕快sweepthefloor掃地good/badluck好運(yùn)/晦氣〔壞運(yùn)氣getreadyfor...=bereadyfor...為...做準(zhǔn)