完整版復(fù)旦大學(xué)博士研究生入學(xué)考試試題及答案詳解

復(fù)旦大學(xué)2003年博士研究生入學(xué)測(cè)試試題PaperOnePartiListeningComprelieiision(15%)(略)PartnVocabularymidStruclure(10%)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronilieAnswerSheetwiiliasingleline(luougliIliecenter.Shehervacationsonuichihatshedidn'twantittoendA.missedB.budgetedC.loathedD,relishedTheytriedtokeepitquietbuteventuallyeveryonelearnedabouttheineeii咯A.intangibleB.sedateC.impudentD,加11肥5［底Manycitizensappealedtothecitygovernmentforenactinglawstoprotecttheconsumers,一A.rigorousB.equivocalC.stringentD,turtivcPeoplewholiketowearredclothesaremorelikelytobetalkativeandIA.lucrativeB.introvertedC.vivaciousD.perilousThisisbutaofthetotalamountorinlbmiadonwhichIhciccna.gcrStored.A.frictionB.fractionC.factionD,trSCtlir^Theyweretired,butnotanylessenthusiasticth亂dCCOUHt.A.onB.byC.forD,W汕Ithinkitishightimewethefactthatenvironmentalpollutioninthisareaisgellingmoreseriousiliiinbefore.A.wokeuptoB.mustwakeuptoC.wakeuptoI〉印弋也派口熔upI.SowasthemoodofthemeetingthatanagreementwassOOM「耽氏山A.resentfulB.amiableC.suffocating如).】可Rescueworkerscontinuedthedelicatetaskofsiftingthroughtonsofconcreteandtotryioreachpossiblesurvivors.A.scrapsB.leftoversC.debrisD,配劑1底Whenshe-.couldnoiIbra.wrnrni心里也.e丸巾.叱1〞】期.A.cametoB.cameoffC.camethroughD,C3111S0V6FTheshortageofwaterbecamemorethissummerwiththehighesttemperaturesin40yea自A.needyB.latentC.uneasyDdCUltTheytriedtodrivetheirhorseintotheriver,buthesimplycould1】QLA.budgeB.surgeC.trudgeI〕〞di年Eventhebestmedicaltreatmentcannotcureallthediseasesthatmenandwomen.A.beseechB.besetC.bewitchDhbestowTheboy'stalentmighthavelainhaditnotbeenforhisuncle'sencouragement.A.extinguishedB.dormantC.malignantD.Thetwoleadersmadeashowofunityatthepressconference,thoughtheyhadnotably

messages.A.discontinuousB.discreetC.discordantdisa.dvaiuagcousJackadmittedthatheoughtnottohavemadehismotherangry,?A.oughtn'theB.wasn'theC.didn'theD4ntheAnoldwomanwasbadlyhurtinthepolicedescribeasanapparentlymotivelessattackA.thatB.whichC.whatD,whclteVCPAsthecityhasbecomeincreasinglyandpolluted,therehasbeenagrowingrealizationthatcertainaciionisurgentlyneeded,A.flourishedB.boostedC.congestedD.mingledThetaxiinfrontofagirl,justintimetoavoiddSC而UStiCCidcnlA.turnedinB.pulledupC.clearedupI>droppedinsleepingpillsbecausetoomanyThedoctortoldhimtobesleepingpillsbecausetoomanyA.lA.lethalB.vitalC.wholesomeD.sanitaryPartmReadingComprehension(40%)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispall.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethrough(hecenter.Passage1Formyproposedjourney,thefirstprioritywasclearlytostartlearningArabic.Ihaveneverbeenalinguist.ThoughIhadtraveledwidelyasajournalist,IhadnevermanagedtopickupmorethanasmatteringofphrasesinanytongueotherthanFrench,andevenmyFrench,waslaboriousforwantoflengthypractice.Theprospectoftacklingoneofthenotoriouslydifficultlanguagesattheageofforty,andtryingtospeakitwell,bothdeterredandexcitedme.Itwasperhapsexpectingalittletoomuchofacuriouslyunreceptivepartofmyself,yetthepossibilitythatImightgainaccesstoacompletelyaliencultureandtraditionbythismeanswasenormoupleasing.Ienrolledasapupilinasmallschoolinthecenterofthecity.ItwasrunbyaMrBeheit,ofdapperappearanceandexplosivetemperament,whoassuredmethatafterthreemonthsofhisspecialtreatmentIwouldspeakArabicfluently.WhereuponhedrewfromhisdeskapostcardwhichanoldpupilhadsenthimfromsomewhereintheMiddleEast,expressinggreatgratitudeandreportingtheastonishmentoflocalArabsthathecouldconversewiththemlikeanative.ItwaswritteninEnglish.MrBeheithimselfspentmostofhistimecoachingbusinessmeninFrench,andthroughthethin,partitionedwallsofhisschoolonecouldhearhimbellowinginexasperationatsomeconfusedentrepreneur:"Monlpnes.Janesuispasfrancais.Pas,Pas,Pas!(NoMr:Jones,I'mNOTFrench,I'mnot,not,NOT!).Iwasgratifiedthatmyowntutor,whosenamewasAlwied,送第iiiBiiitelysofterandlesspublicinapproach.Foracoupleofhourseverymorningwewouldfaceeachotheracrossasmalltable,whilewediscussedinmeticulousdetailthecolourschemeofthetinycubicle,theeventsinthestreetbelowand,onceaweek,thehair-raisingprogressofawindow-cleaneracrossthewallofthebuildingopposite.Inbetween,bearinginmindtheparticularinterestIhadinacquiringArabic,Iwouldinquirethewaytosomeimaginaryoasis,anxiouslydemandfodderandwaterformycamels,wonderpolitelywhetherthesheikhwaspreparedtograntmeaudiencenow.Itwasallhardgoing.Ifrequentlydespairedofeverbecominganythinglikeafluentspeaker,thoughAhmedassuredmethatmypronunciationwasaboveaverageforaWestemer.This,Isuspected,waspartlyflattery,forthereareacoupleofArabicsoundswhichnotevenagiftformimicryallowedmetograspforages.Therewere,moreover,vastdistinctionsofmeaningconveyedbysubtlesoundshiftsrarelyemployedinEnglish.Andformetheproblemwasincreasedbytheneedtoassimilateavocabulary,thatwouldvaryfromplacetoplaceacrossfiveessentiallyArabic-speakingcountriesthatpracticedvernacularsoftheirown:sothatthewordfor“people〞,forinstance,mightbesahaborsooken,EachdayIwasmentallyexhaustedbythestrainofamorninginschool,followedbyanafternoonstrugglingathomewithataperecorder.Yettherewasreliefinthemostelementaryformsofunderstandingandprogress.WhenmerelygotthedriftofatorrentwhichAhmedhadjustreleased,Iwaschildishlyelated.WhenImanagedtorollacompletesentenceoffmytonguewithoutapparentlythinkingwhatIwassaying,anditcameoutright,Ibeamedlikeanidiot.AndtheenjoymentofreadingandwritingtheflowingArabicscriptwassomethingthatdidnotleavemeonceIhadmasteredit.BytheendofJune,no-onecouldhavedescribedmeasanythinglikeafluentspeakerofArabic.Iwasapproximatelyinthepositionofafifteen-yearoldwho,equippedwithamodicumofschoolroomFrench,nervouslyawaitshisfirsttriptoParis.ButthiswassomethingIcouldreproveuponinmyowntime.IbadefarewelltoMrBeheit,stillstrugglingtodrivetheFrenchnegativeintothestillconfusedmindofMrJones.JWhichofliiefollowingisnotcliaracierisdcofMrBeheil?AJieli^dane<i(andcleanappearance.HewasvoldndhighlyemutiondLCJlewasverymodestabouthissuccessinleacliiiig.11Hesometimeslosthistempernndshoutedloudlywhenteaching.Itisknownfromthepassagethatthewriter|hadagoodcommandofFrenchcouldn'tmak巳-也pmpeHyM同1MningArahicspokehighlyof\lrBeheii'sacliievemenlsinlanguageleacliiiig11didn'tlikeAlimed1sstyleofteachingItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAhmedwasIAhafestspeaker氏aboringspeakerC.aIconicspea.kerIlaninterestingspeaker44.Theword“modicum"inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedbyJAhcompetenceexcellenceC.mimicryI),snicitteringWhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothe口日內(nèi)；唱e：’A.Thewriter'sintendedjourneycreatedparticulardiHiculiiesillhislearning0fArobic,B,ThereadingandwritingoftheArabicscriptgavethewriterlastingpleasure,C.ThewriterfoundlearningArabicwasagruelingexperiencebutrew為哂咐D.ThewriterregardedAhmed'spraiseofhispronunciationastongue-in-41啾P(pán)assas2Itisoneoftheworld'smostrecognizedphrases,oneyoumightevenheatinplaceswherelittleEnglishisspoken:'Thename'sBond,JamesBond.itfromatveideiverinGhanaandastreetsweeperinParis,andIrememberthethrillofhearingSeanConnerysayitinthefirstBondfilmIsaw,Goldfinger.IwasaChicagoschoolgirlwhenitwasreleasedin1904.Theimageofacandy-coloredLondonfilledwithwittypeople,statelyoldbuildingsandagorgeous,ice-coolheroinstilledillmeadeeprootedbeliefiliatBritainwasOK.WhenIanFlemingcreatedthemanwiththelicensetokill,basedonhisownexperienceswhileworkingfortheBritishsecretserviceinWorldWarn,hecouldn'thaveimaginedthathisfictionalEnglishmanwouldnotonlyshake,butstirtheentireworld.Evenworld-wearyactorsarethrilledatbeinginaBondmovie.ChristopherWalken,everyone'sfavoritescreenpsycho,whoplayedmadgeniusMaxZorinin1985'sAViewtoaKill,gushed:'IrememberfirstseeingDJ'NowhenIwas15.IrememberRobertShawtryingtostrangleJamesBondinFromRussiawithLove.AndnowhereIam.trvinntokillJamesBondmvself'Bondisthecompleteentertainmentpackage:hehashotandcoldrunningwomenontap,dastardlyvillainsbentoncompleteworlddomination,andAmericaalwaysplayssecondstringtocool,sophisticatedBritain.Bond'sEnglandonlyreallyexistedintheadventuresofBulldogDrummond,thewartimespeechesofWinstonChurchillandthesongsofDameVelaLynn.WhenFlemingstartedtowritehisspystories,theworldknewthat,whileBritainwasvictoriousinthewaragainstHitler,itwasdepletedasaresult.Londonwasbombedout,adarkandgrubbyplace,wiiileAmericawasnowiheonlyplaceIobe.ItwasAmericathatwasproducingsuchuniversaliconsasGaryCooper'scowboyinHighNoon('Aman'sgottodowhataman'sgottodo-manre^otbeonnttiatwasElvisPresley;MarilynMonroe,thewalking,malefantasymarriedtoJoeDiMaggio,thenthemostfamousathleteintheworld.Againstthisreality,Fleminghadthenerveandarrogancetosaythat,whilehotdogsandpopcornwerefine,otherthingsweremoreiniporUlltAndthosethingswereuniquelyBritish:quietcompetence,unsentimentalruthlessness,clear-eyed,steelydetermination,anironicsenseofhumoranddoingajobwell.AllqualitiesepitomizedbyJamesBond.Ofcourse,Bondwasalwaysmorefairytalethanfact,butwhatelseisafilmfor?Noexpenseissparedinproduction,theleadissuaveandhandsome,andthehardwareisalwaysawesome.Inthelatestfilm,thegadgetsincludeasurfboardwithconcealedweapons,acombatknifewithglobalpositioningsystembeacon,awatchthatdoublesasalaser-beamcutter,anAstonMartinV12Vanquishwithalltheoptionalextrasyou'vecometoexpect,apersonaljetglider...thelistisendless,TherearethosewhoaredisgustedbytheBondfilms'unbridledglorificationoftheevilsofsexisnn.racism,ageismandextremeviolence,butifsneverthatsimple.AccordingtothepassageeachproductionofaBondfilmisIAhlavish氏sparingincreasinglyexpensiveiomakedifficulttofinE1I1CCWhichofthefollowingisnoitypicalofJamesBond?AJiepeilbmiedIllsworkcalnilyandefficiently;B.Hehadanironwill,CHewasunemotional.11Hehadatendencytoboast.VItisknownfromthepassagethatpost-warBritainas|A.anarchicanddangerousJ&e^kiustedandfihliyC.chaoticandviolent11mysteriousandthrilling49.Judgingbythecontext,theword“stately"inthefirstparagraphmeansAhshabbyR,niakeslllftC.impressiveIZdilapidatedWhichMih刷owingilalciiieinsGTRLF?A.WhenIanFlemingcreatedJamesBond,hebelievedthathisfictionalEnglishmanwouldshaketheentireworld.氏hiiheBondUlins,Englandisalwaysportrayedasstylish,elegaiuandclassy.C.IanFlemingbegantowritehisspystoriesbeforeworldwarn\D.JamesBondseldomepilomizedBriiislmess,Passage3JThecurrentpoliticaldebateoverfamilyvalues,personalresponsibility,andwelfaretakesforgrantedtheentrenchedAmericanbeliefthatdependenceongovernmentassistanceisarecentanddestructivephenomenon.Conservativestendtoblamethisdependenceonpersonalirresponsibilityaggravatedbyaswollenselfareapparatusthatsapsindividualinitiative.Liberalsaremorelikelytoblameitonpersonalmisfortunemagnifiedbytheharshlotthatfallstolosersinourcompetitivemarketeconomy.ButbothsidesbelievethatawinnersinAmericamakeitontheirownthatdependencereflectssomekindofindividualorfamilyfailure,andthattheidealfamilyistheself-reliantunitoftraditionalloreafamilythattakescareofitsown,carvesoutafutureforitschildren,andneverasksforhandouts.Politiciansatbothendsoftheideologicalspectrumhavewrappedthemselvesinthemantleofthese“familyvalues,"arguingoverwhythepoorhavenotbeenabletomakedowithoutassistance,orwhetheraidhasexacerbatedtheirsituation,butneverquestioningtheassumptionthatAmericanfamiliestraditionallyachievesuccessbyestablishingtheindependencek.⑴ihcgmsimeiii.Themythoffamilyself-relianceissocompellingthatouractualnationalandpersonalhistoriesoftenbuckleunderitsemotionalweight."Wealwaysstoodonourowntwofeet,"mygrandfatherusedtosayabouthispioneerheritage,wheneverhewalkedmetothetopofthehilltosurveythepropertyinWashingtonStatethathisfamilyhadboughtfornexttonothingafterithadbeenloggedoffintheearly1900s.Perhapshedidn'tknowthatthelandcamesocheapbecausemuchofitwaspartofafederalsubsidyoriginallyallottedtotherailroadcompanies,whichhadreceived183millionacresofthepublicdomaininthenineteenthcentury.Thesefederalgiveawaysweretheoriginalsourceofmostmajorweatemloggingcompanies'land,andwhensomeoftheseloggingcompaniesmovedontovirginstandsoftimber,federallandstrickleddowntoafewearlyweillerswliowereabletopurchaseilieminexpensively.Likemygrandparents,fewfamiliesinAmericanhistorywhatevertheir“values〞-havebeenabletorelysolelyontheirownresources.Instead,theyhavedependedonthelegislative,judicialandsocial-supportstructuressetupbygoverningauthorities,whetherthoseweretheclaneldersofNativeAmericansocieties,thechurchcourtsandcityofficialsofcolonialAmericcUorthejudicialandlegislativebodiesesiablisliedbytheConstitution.AtAmerica'sinception,thiswasconsiderednotadirtylittlesecretbutthenorm,onethatconfirmedoursocialandpersonalinterdependence.Theideathatthefamilyshouldhavethesoleorevenprimaryresponsibilityforeducatingandsocializingitsmembers,findingthemsuitablework,orkeepingthemfrompovertyandcrimewasnotonlyludicroustocolonialandrevolutionarvihiiikenMildangerouslyparochinLConservativesbelievethatwelfareserviceshaveplayedacertainrolein|heighteningindividualorfamilydependenceongoveriuiieinassistance■reducingindividualorfamilydependenceongovernmentnSSIStclIKtinagiiiRingindividualinitiativeinlightingoEdependenceongovernineina^sisianc-eD.causingpoliticaldebateoverpersonalresponsibililiesItcanbeconcludedthatthewriter'sgrandfather'sfamilypurchasedtheirland|A.t.xpcrisivclv氏fromtherailroadcompanywithIliehelpofgoverningaLitlioritieswithnohelpofgoverningaiiilioritiesItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinearlyAmerica|peoplecompeiedwitheachotherfiercelyforLandB.manypeoplevvorkedforthe『疝『.加companiesquiteafewfamiliesmadeitonilieirownsocialandpersonalinterdependencewasindispensabletoAmeTicansTheword“parochial"inthelastparagraphmeansA,nimbleB.absurdc.insularD,liberalThewriter'sattitudetowardtheideaofAmericanfamilyvaluesis|A.critical&objeciiveindifferentD.儂MPassage4JOneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayisthevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itsstridentclamourdominatesourlives.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousfromeverypageofthenewspaper;plucksatoursleevesontheescalator;signalstousfromthesuccessfulmanasamannolessthan20%ofwhosemailconsistsofaniwuncementsofgianti-arpetsides.AdvertisinghasbeenamongEngland'sbiggestgrowthindustriessincethewar,intermsoftheratioofmoneyearningstodemonstrableachievement.Whyallthisfantasticexpenditure:Perhapstheansweristhatadvertisingsavesthemanufacturersfromhavingtothinkaboutthecustomer.Atthestageofdesigninganddevelopingaproduct,thereisquiteenoughtothinkaboutwithoutworryingoverwhetheranybodywillwanttobuyit.Thedesignerisbusyenoughwithoutaddingcustomerappealtoallhisotherproblemsofmanhoursandmachinetolerancesandstressfactors,Sotheyjustgoaheadandmakethethingandleaveit,bypretendingthatitconfersstatus,orattractslove,orsignifiesmanliness,iftheadvertisingagencycantothisauthoritativelvenough,themanufacturerisinclover?vD?Othermanufacturersfindadvertisingsavesthemchangingtheirproduct.Andmanufacturershatechange.Theidealproductisonewhichgoesonunchangedforever.If,therefore,foronereasonoranother,somealterationseemscalledforhowmuchbettertochangetheimage,thepacketortilepitchmadebytheproduct,ratherthangotoalltheinconvenienceofchangingtheproductitself.Theadvertisingmanhastocomibinethequalitiesofthethreemostauthoritativeprofessions:Church,Bar,andMedicine.Thegreatskillrequiredofourpriests,mosthighlydevelopedinmissionariesbutpresent,indeedmandatory,inall,isthekillofgettingpeopletobelieveinandcontributemoneytosomethingwhichcanneverbelogicallyproved.AttheBar,anessentialabilityisthatofpresentingthemostpersuasivecaseyoucantoajuryofordinarypeople,withemotionalappealsmasqueradingaslogicalexposition;acaseyoudonotnecessarilyhavetobelieveinyourself,justoneyouhavestudiouslyavoideddiscoveringtobefalse.Asformedicine,anydoctorwillconfirmthatalargepartofhisjobisnotclinicaltreatmentbutfaithhealing.Hisapparentlyscientificapproachenableshispatientsbelievethatheknowsexactlywhatiswrongwiththemandexactlywhattheyneedtoputthemright,justasadvertisingdoes"Rundown?Youneed..."."Noonewilldancewithyou?Adabof****wiikmyOLLpopular."Advertisingmenusestatisticsratherlikeadrunkusesalamp-post-forsupportratherthanillumination.Theywilldressanyoneupinawhitecoattoappearlikeanunimpeachableauthorityor,failingthat,theywillevenbehappywiththeannouncement,“Asusedby90%oftheactorswhoplaydoctorsontelevision."Theirengagingqualityisthattheyenjoyhavingtheirlatestrusesuncoveredalmostasanyoneelse,ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatmodernadvertisingisauthoritativebecauseofthewayitIimerfereswiththeprivacyofourhomelifeinfluencesourimageofthekindofpersonweoughttobelikec-onliiiiiiillyforcesusintobuyingtilingswedon'twantIXdistractsuswhereverwenoAccordingtothepassage,theadvertisingmanmusthavetheabilitytoJexploitcustomers'fears￡understandcustoiners'psychologydisguiseliimselforherselfsuccessfulLywincustomers1confidenceTheword“unimpeachable"inpthragraphcanbereplacedbyIA.reliable&indisputableC.supremerecognizedThefollowingstatementsareTRUEexceptIAdvertisingmendresspeopleupinwhitecoatsbecauseitmakestheiradvertisementmoreconvincing.Somemanufacturerswouldratherchangetheirproduct'sappealthanchangetheproductitself,Doctorsareinoslsuccessfulwhentheyarebothemoiioiicilandscientific.Ifadvertisingagencydoesadvertisingauthoritativelyenough,themanufacturerwillsurelybecomeprosperous,Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheadvertisers'attitudeisusuallybasedonthehopethatcustomersIA.knowdeepdownwlialilieyreallywainB.areinleresiedinwhatisbeingdesignedC.areindilTcrem1.0"⑼代kinga.dvciliscdD.areuncriticalandimpressionablePaperTwoPartWClo茂(10%)Direction:FillineachofthefollowingblankswithONEwordtocompletethemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouransweronAnswerSheetn\Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinidenticallythesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesassacredtexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreadit__61__ofabook,and,ifaparentcanproduce__62__intheactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprintedlexLsomuchlirebelter.Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghissadistieimpulses.Toprovethe__63__,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadrairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Aggressive,destructive,sadisticimpulseseverychildhasand,__64__thewhole,theirsymbolicverbaldischargeseemstobeFatherasafetyvalvethananincitementtoovertaction.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,well-authenticatedcasesofchildren__65__dangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffear_66_thepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegrounds__67__theyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.,donotexist;andthat,insteadofindulginghisfantasies__68__fairytales,thechildshouldbetaughthowtoadapttorealitybystudyinghistoryandmechanics.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustconfess,sounsympatheticandpeculiarthatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircase__69__sound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonabroomstick__70__coveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirenchantedgirl-friend.Nofairystoryeverclaimedtobeadescriptionoftheexternalworldandnosanechildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.PartvTranslation(10%)Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversiononAnswerSheetn|根據(jù)十五〞期間的形勢(shì)和任務(wù),十五〞方案?綱要?提出今后五年經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)開(kāi)展的主要目標(biāo)是：國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)保持較快開(kāi)展速度,經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整取得明顯成效,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量和效益顯著提升,為到2021年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比2000年翻一番奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)根底：國(guó)有企業(yè)建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度取得重大進(jìn)展,社會(huì)保證制度比較健全,社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制逐步完善,對(duì)外開(kāi)放和國(guó)際合作進(jìn)一步開(kāi)展；就業(yè)渠道拓寬,城鄉(xiāng)居民收入持續(xù)增加,物質(zhì)文化生活有較大改善,生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)得到增強(qiáng),科技、教育加快開(kāi)展,國(guó)民素質(zhì)進(jìn)一步提升,法制建設(shè)取得明顯進(jìn)展.PartVIWriting(15%)Directions:Writeacompositionofabout180wordsonthefollowingtopic.YourcompositionshouldbewrittenonAnswerSheetn|TheValuesofFailure試題詳解P叩crOnePartiListeningComprelieiision(15%)(略)PartnVtxabu山廳andStructure(10%)Dmiss想念,思念；budget做預(yù)算；loathe厭惡,憎恨；relish喜歡,愛(ài)好.Dintangible無(wú)形的,難以明了的；sedate安靜的,穩(wěn)重的；impudent無(wú)禮的,厚顏無(wú)恥的；clandestine秘密的.Crigorous嚴(yán)格的,嚴(yán)酷的；equivocal模棱兩可的,意義不明確的；stringent嚴(yán)厲的,迫切的；furtive偷偷摸摸的,秘密的.Clucrative有利的,賺錢的；introverted內(nèi)向的,含蓄的；vivacious活潑的,快活的；perilous危險(xiǎn)的.Bfriction摩擦力,摩擦；fraction一小局部；faction派系,派別；fracture破裂,骨折.A固定搭配onthataccount,意為為此“.A固定用法it'shightimethat后面接虛擬語(yǔ)氣,所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去式.Bresentful憤慨的；amiable親切的,和藹的；suffocating令人窒息的；gloomy陰沉的,沉悶的.Cscrap小片,廢料；leftover剩余物；debris碎片,殘??；residue剩余,渣滓.Acometo蘇醒；comeoff實(shí)現(xiàn),成為；comethrough經(jīng)歷；comeover過(guò)來(lái).Dneedy非常貧困的,缺乏生活必需品的；latent潛在的,潛伏的；uneasy心神不安的,不自在的；acute劇烈的,敏銳的.Abudge移動(dòng)；surge彭湃,震蕩；trudge跋涉；dredge挖掘,撈取.Bbeseech懇求,哀求；beset困擾；bewitch迷惑,蠱惑；bestow給予,安放.Bextinguish熄滅,壓制,消滅；dormant靜止的,隱匿的；malignant惡性的；perishable容易腐爛的,易消滅的,易消亡的.題目意思是如果沒(méi)有他的叔叔的鼓勵(lì),他的才能很可能發(fā)揮不出來(lái),歸于平凡.Cdiscontinuous不連續(xù)的；discreet小心的,謹(jǐn)慎的；discordant不和的;disadvantageous不利的.C此題為反意疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)的對(duì)象是Jackadmitted,因此用"didn'the."C此題也可以說(shuō)成是“Anoldwomanwasbadlyhurtinanaccidentthatthepolicedescribeasanapparentlymotivelessattack.因此,能代替anaccidentthat的只有what.Cflourish繁榮；boost推進(jìn)；congest擁擠；mingle混合.Bturnin上交；pullup停車；clearup整理,去除,放晴；dropin順便走訪.Alethal致命的；vital生死攸關(guān)的；wholesome整體的；sanitary衛(wèi)生的,清潔的.PartmRidingComprehension(40%)Passage1C第二段提到,MrBeheit經(jīng)常向大家展示他從前的學(xué)生寄來(lái)的明信片,可知MrBeheit對(duì)自己的教學(xué)是非常驕傲的,而非很謙虛.B第三段提至U“thereareacoupleofArabicsoundswhichnotevenagiftformimicryallowedmetograspforages,說(shuō)明作者的一些阿拉伯語(yǔ)發(fā)音很有困難.而A、C、D三項(xiàng)或是文中明確表達(dá)了相反的含義,或是沒(méi)有提到.B第三段提至U“wediscussedinmeticulousdetailthecolourschemeofthetinycubicle,theeventsinthestreetbelowand,onceaweek,thehair-raisingprogressofawindow-cleaneracrossthewallofthebuildingopposite,顯然Ahmed和作者的談話內(nèi)容是非常無(wú)趣的,這也可以從下一句,作者一邊談話一邊想像很多別的東西反映出來(lái).Dmodicum少量,一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)；competence水平；excellence優(yōu)秀,卓越；mimicry模仿；smattering略知,少數(shù).A后三項(xiàng)皆可在文中找到相應(yīng)句子表達(dá)了相同的含義,而對(duì)于A選項(xiàng),作者為了去阿拉伯而學(xué)阿拉伯語(yǔ)是非常愿意的,去阿拉伯是作者學(xué)習(xí)阿語(yǔ)的動(dòng)力,而不是造成困難的原因.Passage2C文中倒數(shù)第二段剛開(kāi)始說(shuō)明每拍一部邦德電影,都極其奢侈,接著又描述最近一部電影的不計(jì)其數(shù)的道具,可知其不僅造價(jià)高,而且費(fèi)用在不斷攀升,所以應(yīng)選CoD在文中第六段,歹U舉邦德具有"quietcompetence,unsentimentalruthlessness,cleareyed,steelydetermination,anironicsenseofhumoranddoingajobwell的特質(zhì),因此,選項(xiàng)A、B、C所述與這段文章相符.D合題意(WhichofthefollowingisnottypicalofJamesBond?).B文章第四段有對(duì)戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)情況的描寫(xiě),知英國(guó)被炸,成為了黑暗而遞遢的城市,即選B,疲憊而骯臟的.Cstately的意思是莊嚴(yán)的,堂皇的".shabby破舊的；makeshift湊合的；impressive給人深刻印象的；dilapidated毀壞的,要塌似的,荒廢的.B文章的第三段說(shuō)"Bond'sEngland...DameVelaLynn.,而文章接著又講述了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后的英國(guó)是疲憊而且骯臟的,和邦德電影中的不符合.因此我們可以知道在邦德電影中,英國(guó)常常被描述的很高貴而且漂亮.Passage3A由第一段三四行,知保守派譴責(zé)過(guò)多臃腫的福利加重了個(gè)人不負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度并且使他們喪失個(gè)人主動(dòng)性.選項(xiàng)A意思是說(shuō)福利增加了個(gè)人或家庭對(duì)國(guó)家補(bǔ)助的依賴性,符合題意.B由第二段五六行“Perhapshedidn'tknow...railroadcompanies,知,祖父一家得到的田地原先是屬于鐵路公司的.即選答案BoD由第五段內(nèi)容知,早期美國(guó)人都比較依賴于政府機(jī)關(guān)部門,即可選答案D,早期美國(guó)社會(huì)和個(gè)人的依賴關(guān)系在生活中是必需的.C詞匯題.parochial狹小的；insular島民的,孤立的,與題干詞匯詞義相符,為正確選項(xiàng).nimble敏捷的；absurd荒唐的,可笑的；liberal慷慨的,自由主義的.B綜合全文,不難看出作者是站在一個(gè)客觀的立場(chǎng),客觀地看待美國(guó)家庭的價(jià)值觀的.Passage4C結(jié)合文章第一段和第四段可知.A,B兩項(xiàng)文中未涉及；D項(xiàng)distractsus(轉(zhuǎn)移)不對(duì).B文章中講一個(gè)廣告籌劃者應(yīng)該兼?zhèn)淠翈?、律師以及醫(yī)生三者的水平.牧師可以使他人為一些邏輯上講不通的東西捐錢,而律師那么可以竭力使別人相信一些即使自己都不是很相信的事情,醫(yī)生的水平那么可以讓病人覺(jué)得他完全了解病人的需要并能夠醫(yī)好病人.這三種人都熟悉他人的心理而答到目的.因此廣告人員的首要技能就是了解消費(fèi)者的心理