大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀題及詳解

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀題及詳解大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀題及詳解大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀題及詳解資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀題及詳解版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：Exercise1Passage1Actually,though,America,the“l(fā)andofimmigrants”,hasalwayshadpeopleofmanydifferentnationalitiesandlanguages.The1990census(人口普查)indicatesthatalmost14%ofAmericansspeakanon-Englishlanguageathome.Yetonly3%reportedthattheyspokeEnglish“notwell”or“notatall”.Thatmeansthatslightlymorethanoneoutof10Americanscouldbeconsideredbilingual.Besidesthat,manyhighschoolandcollegestudents-andevensomeelementeryschoolstudents-arerequiredtotakeaforeignlanguageasapartoftheircurriculum.Inadditiontooldstandbys(受人喜愛(ài)的語(yǔ)種)likeSpanish,GermanandFranch,moreandmorestudentsareoptingEasternEuropeanandAsianlanguages.Ofcourse,notallstudentskeepuptheirforeignlanguageabilities.Astheoldsayinggoes,“Ifyoudon’tuseit.”Butstill,agrowingnumberofAmericansarecomingtoappreciatethebenefitsofbeingmultilingual.Ethnicenclaves(少數(shù)民族聚居地),foundparticularlyinmajormetropolitancenters,havepreservedthelanguageandcultureofAmericanimmigrants.Somelocalresidentscanfunctionquitewellintheirnativelanguage,withouthavingtobotherlearningEnglish.RogionssuchassouthernFloridaandtheSouthwesthavenumerousSpanish-speakingneighborhoods.Infact,Spanishspeakers-numberingover17million-composethelargestnon-EnglishlinguisticgroupinAmerica.ButChinese,Vietnamese,Italian,PolishandmanyotherethnicgroupaddtothelinguisticflavorofAmerica.Foreignlanguagesaresocommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsthatvisitorsmightthinktheyareinanothercountry!AlthoughsomeAmericanswelcomethislinguisticandculturaldiversity,otherhavebeguntofearthattheEnglishlanguageisbeingthreatened.Sincethe1980s,the“EnglishOnly”movementhassoughttopromotelegislationwhichwouldestablishEnglishasthe“officiallanguage”andrestricttheuseofnon-Englishlanguage.However,somegroups,includingTESOL,theorganizationforTeachersofEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherlanguage,objecttosuch“l(fā)anguagerestrictionism”.Theirview,knownas“EnglishPlus”,suggeststhatAmericansshouldhaverespectforpeople’snativehelpthemfitintothemainstreamofsociety.Butsofar,19stateshavepassedEnglishOnlylegislation,andthetopicisthefocusofanongoingdebate.WhetherornotEngliashistheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedStates,itremainsthe“l(fā)anguageofwidercommunication”.NearlyeveryonerecognizestheneedtodevelopproficiencyinEnglishinordertodowellinAmerica.TohelpthosewhowanttobrushupontheirEnglishskills,EnglishasaSecondLanguage(ESL)classesaround.CitieswithlargenumbersofrecentimmigrantsoftensetupbilingualeducationprogramstoteachstudentscontentsubjectsintheirnativelanguagewhiletheyimprovetheirEnglish.Languageeducatorsoftenhavestronganddivergentviewsastowhichapproachhelpslearnersachievebetterresults:abilingualapproach,anESLapproach-orevenapureimmersion(“sinkorswim”)approach.However,alltheseteachersshareacommoncommitment:tohelpstudentsfunctionwellinEnglish.AmericanrecognizethatEnglishistheinternationallanguage,andpeoplewithgoodEnglishskillscangetbyinmanyinternationalsettings.Ontheotherhand,inaworldgrowingincreasinglysmaller,secondlanguageskillscanbeagreatfavor.Theycanbuildcross-culturalbridgesandgivepeopleanedgeinavarietyofcareerfield.Indeed,lackofforeignlanguageproficiencycanlimitone’schancesforadvancementandkeeponeinaculturaldead-endstreet.AsmanypeopleinAmericaarediscovering,beingmonolingualisnolaughingmatter.(598words)1.Theword“bilingual”(Line7,para,1)means_________.A.beingabletospeaktwolanguagesB.beingabletospeakthreelanguagesC.beingabletospeakfourlanguagesD.beingabletospeakfivelanguages2.Foreignlanguagesarecommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsbecause__________.A.ethnicgroupshavepreservedtheirnativelanguagesB.ethnicgroupsarenotallowedtospeakEnglishC.ethnicgroupsencouragetheirnativestolearnforeignlanguagesD.ethnicgroupsallowtheirnativestogotoanothercountry3._________composethelargestlinguisticgroupinAmerica.A.ImmigrantsfromChinaB.ImmigrantsfromSpainC.ImmigrantsfromItalyD.ImmigrantsfromVietnam4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabout“EnglishOnly”movement?A.ItspurposewastoestablishalegislationofrestrictingtheuseofEnglish.B.TESOLwasinfavorof“EnglishOnly”byobjectingto“Englishplus”.C.ItwaslaunchedbecauseEnglishwasbeingthreatened.D.Alargemajorityofstatessupportedthemovement. 5.Thegeneralideaofthispassageis_________. A.theimportanceofbeingbilingual B.theneedtospeakthenativelanguagesC.English-alanguagewidelyspokenaroundtheworldD.theEnglishOnlymovement Passage2TheGuidfordFour,freedlastweekafterspending15yearsinprisonforcrimestheydidnotcommit,wouldalmostcertainlyhavebeenexecutedforthepubbombingtheywereconvictedof.Theyhadthedeathpenaltybeeninforceatthetimeoftheirtrial.Theymaynowbeadecentintervalbeforethepro-hanginglobby,whichhasthesupportofthePrimeMinister,makesanotherattempttoreintroducethenoose. Reflectionsalongtheselineswereabouttheonlykindofconsolationtobederivedfromthisgrossmiscarriageofjusticewhichisnowtobethesubjectofajudicial(司法的)inquiry.Inthemeantime,defenselawyersaredemandingcompensationandhaveinmindabouthalfamillionpoundsforeachoftheirclients.Thefirstthreetobereleased-Mr.GeraldConlon,Mr.PaddyArmstrongandMs.CaroleRichardson-leftprisonwiththe34poundswhichisgiventoalldepartinginmates.Thefourth,Mr.PaulHill,wasnotreleasedimmediatelybuttakentoBelfast,wherehelodgedanappealagainsthisconvictionforthemurderofaformerBritishsoldier.Sincethisconviction,too,wasbasedonthenowdiscreditedstatementsallegedlymadetotheSurveypolice,hewasimmediatelyletoutonbail(保釋).Butheleftempty-handed.Theimmediatereactiontothescandalwasreneweddemandforthere-examinationofthecaseagainsttheBirminghamSix,whoareservinglifesentencesforpubbombingsinthatcity.ThusfartheHomesecretary,Mr.DouglasHurd,isinsistingthatthetwocasesarenotcomparable;thatwhatisnowknownabouttheGuilfordinvestigationhasnorelevancetowhathappenedinBirmingham.Mr.Hurdisrighttotheextentthattherewasasmall-thoughflimsyandhotly-contested-amountofcrimeevidenceintheBirminghamcase.ThedisturbingsimilarityisthattheBirminghamSix,liketheGuilfordFour,claimthatpoliceofficersliedandfabricatedevidencetosecureaconviction.Makingscapegoats(替罪羊)ofafewroguepoliceofficerswillnotbesufficienttoeliminatetheGuilfordmiscarriageofjustice.Thesearealreadydemandsthatthelawshouldbechanged;firsttomakeitimpossibletoconvicton“confessions”alone;andsecondlytorequirethatstatementsfromaccusedpersonsshouldonlybetakeninthepresenceofanindependentthirdpattytoensuretheyarenotmadeunderpunishment.ItwasalsobeingnotedthisweekthattheGuilfordFourowetheirreleasemoretobepersistenceofinvestigativereportersthantothediligenceofeitherthejudiciaryorthepolice.Yetinvestigativereports-particularlyontelevision-haverecentlybeenaparticulartargetforthecondemnationofMrs.ThatcherandsomeofherministerswhoseemtothinkthatTVshouldbemuzzled(鉗制言論的手段)inthepublicinterestandlefttogetonwithsoapoperasandquizshows.(495words)1.Theword“noose”(Line7,Para.1)hastheclosestmeaningto________.A.deathpenalty B.hangingC.trial D.punishment2.Tocompensatethemiscarriageofjustice,thedefenselawyersmay_________.A.demand500,000poundsfortheGuilfordFourB.demand500,000poundsforeachoftheGuilfordFourC.demand1,000,000poundsforeachoftheGuilfordFourD.demandare-examinationoftheBirminghampubbombings3.Whywasthereareneweddemandforthere-examinationofthecaseagainsttheBirminghamSix?A.TheBirminghamSixwerebelievedtohavecriminalconnectionswiththeGuilfordFour.B.Thetwocasesweresimilarinthatbothwereaboutpubbombings.C.ThebombingsinBirminghamhappenedatthesametime.D.TheBirminghamSixalsoclaimedthattherewerepolicemalpractice’sintheircase.4.Theexistinglawstatesthat________.A.convictionscanbemadeonconfessionsandstatementstakenbypoliceofficersfromaccusedpersonsarevalidlegalevidenceB.convictionscan’tbemadeonconfessionsaloneandthereshouldbeathirdpartywhentakingstatementsfromaccusedpersonsC.convictionscanbemadeonconfessionsandathirdpartyshouldbepresentwhentakingstatementsfromaccusedpersonsD.convictionscan’tbemadeonconfessionsaloneandthestatementstakenbypoliceofficersfromaccusedpersonsarevalidlegalevidence5.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingpartiescontributedmosttothereleaseoftheGuilfordFour?A.Reporters B.Lawyers C.Thepolice D.ThejudiciaryPassage3Proxemics(空間關(guān)系學(xué))isthestudyofwhatgovernshowcloselyonepersonstandstoanother.Peoplewhofeelclosewillbeclose,thoughtheactualdistanceswillvarybetweencultures.ForAmreicanswecandiscernfourmaincategoriesofdistance:intimate,personal,socialandpublic.Intimaterangesfromdirectcontacttoabout45centimeters.Thisisfortheclosestrelationshipssuchasthosebetweenhusbandandwife.Beyondthiscomespersonaldistance.Thisstandsatbetween45and80centimeters.Itisthemostusualdistancemaintainedforconversationsbetweenfriendsandrelatives.Socialdistancecoverspeoplewhoworktogetheroraremeetingatsocialgatherings.Distancesheretendtobekeptbetween1.30to2meters.Beyondthiscomespublicdistance,suchasthatbetweenalecturerandhisaudience.Allculturesdrawlinesbetweenwhatisanappropriateandwhatisaninappropriatesocialdistancefordifferenttypesofrelationship.Theydiffer,however,inwheretheydrawtheselines.LookataninternationalreceptionwithrepresentativesfromtheUSandArabiccountriesconversingandyouwillseetheAmericanspirouetting(快速旋轉(zhuǎn))backwardsaroundthehallpursuedbytheirArabpartners.TheAmericanswillbetryingtokeepthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartnerswhichtheyhavegrownusedtoregardingas“normal”.Theyprobablywillnotevennoticethemselvestryingtoadjustthedistancebetweenthemselvesandtheirpartners,thoughtheymayhavevaguefeelingthattheirArabneighborsarebeingabit“pushy”.TheArab,ontheotherhand,comingfromaculturewheremuchcloserdistanceisthenorm,maybefeelingthattheAmericansarebeing“stand-offish”.FindingthemselveshappierstandingclosetoandeventouchingthosetheyareinconversationwiththeywillpersistentlypursuetheAmericansroundtheroomtryingtoclosethedistancebetweenthem.Theappropriatenessofphysicalcontactvariesbetweendifferentculturestoo.Onestudyofthenumberoftimespeopleconversingincoffeeshopsoveraonehourperiodshowedthefollowinginterestingvariations:London,0;Florida,2;Paris,10;andPuertoRico180.Notonlydoseitvarybetweensocieties,however,italsovariesbetweendifferentsubcultureswithinonesociety.YoungpeopleinBritain,forexample,aremorelikelytotouchandhugfriendsthanaretheoldergeneration.Thismaybepartlyamatterofgrowingolder,butitalsoreflectsthefactthattheoldergenerationgrewupatatimewhentouchingwaslesscommonforallagegroups.Fortyyearsago,forexample,footballerswouldneverhugandkissoneanotheronthefieldafteragoalastheydotoday.(458words)1.Inproxemics,__________governsthestandingspacebetweentwopersons.A.distance B.cultureC.conversation D.relationship2.Theword“stand-offish”(Line14,Para.2)couldbestbereplacedby_________. A.coldanddistantinbehaviour B.ungentlemanlikeinbehaviour C.inhumaninbehaviour D.politeinbehaviour 3.InconversationwithanAmericanpartnerataninternationalreception,anArabdeemsthatclosedistantis_________. A.appropriateB.inappropriate C.rashD.impetuous 4.Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraghthattheappropriatenessofphysicalcontactalsovarieswith_________. A.time B.city C.country D.people 5.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe__________. A.Proxemics B.AppropriatenessofSocialDistance C.AppropriatenessRelationshipsBetweenTwoPersons D.AppropriatenessPhysicalContactBetweenTwoPersons Passage4InthepastcenturyIrishpaintinghaschangesfromaBritish-influencedlyricaltraditiontoanartthatevokestheruggednessandrootsofanIrishCelticpast.AttheturnofthetwentiethcenturyIrishpainters,includingnotablesWalterFrederickOsborneandSirWilliamOrpen,lookedelsewhereforinfluence.Osborne’sexposureto“pleinair”paintingdeeplyimpactedhisstylisticdevelopment;andOrpenalliedhimselfwithagroupofEnglishartists,whileatthesametimeparticipatedintheFrenchavant-gardeexperiment,bothaspainterandteacher.However,nationalistenergieswerebeginningtocoalesce(接合)，revivinginterestinIrishculture-includingIrishvisualarts.BeatriceElvery’s(1907),alandmarkachievement,mergedthedevotionalsimplicityoffifteenth-centuryItalianpaintingwiththeiconography(肖像畫(huà)法)ofIreland’sCelticpast,linkingthehistoryofIrishCatholicismwiththestill-nascet(初生的)Irishrepublic.And,althoughalsocaptivatedbytheFrenchpleinairschool,SirJohnLaveryinvokedthemythologyofhisnativelandfora1928commissiontopaintthecentralfigureforthebanknoteofthenewIrishFreeState.Laverychoseasthisfigure,withherarmonaCelticharp(豎琴)，thenationalsymbolofindependentIreland.InIrishpaintingfromabout1910,memoriesofEdwardianromanticismcoexistedwithanewsenseofrealism,exemplifiedbythepaintingsofPaulHenryandSeKeating,astudentofOrpen’s.realismalsocreptintotheworkofEdwardiansLaveryandOrpen,bothofwhommadepaintingsdepictingWorldWarⅠ,LaverywithadistancedVictoriannobility,Orpenclosertothefront,revealingamoresinisterandrealisticvision.Meanwhile,counterpointtotheEdwardiansandrealistscameJackB.Yeats,whosetravelsthroughouttheruggedandmoreauthenticallyIrishWestledhimtodepictsubjectsrangingfromstreetscenesinDublintoboxingmatchesandfunerals.FusingcloseobservationsofIrishlifeandiconswithanIrishidentityinanewway,YeatschangedthefaceofIrishpaintingandbecamethemostimportantIrishartistofhiscentury.(353words)1.WhichofthefollowingartmostprobablyexertedthegreatestinfluenceonIrishpaintinginthe19thcentury?A.BritishlyricaltraditionB.Frenchavant-gardeexperimentC.notionalistenergiesD.Italianpainting2.Itisimplied_________wasleastinfluencedbythecontemporaryartofFrence.A.SirJohnLavery B.SirWilliamOrpenC.BeatriceElvery D.SeKeating3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’suseoftheword“counterpoint”inreferringtoYeats? A.Yeats’paintingsdifferedsignificantlyinsubjectmatterfromthoseofhiscontemporariesinIreland. B.Yeatsreactedtotherealismofhiscontemporaryartistsbyinvokingnineteenth-centurynaturalisminhisownpaintingstyle. C.YeatsavoidedreligiousandmythologicalthemesinfavorofmundaneportrayalsofIrishlife. D.Yeatsbuiltupontherealismpaintingtradition,elevatingittounprecedentedartisticheigh