實驗二 描述性統(tǒng)計分析

實驗二描述性統(tǒng)計分析一、實驗目的學習利用SPSS進行描述性統(tǒng)計分析，編制變量數(shù)列。二、實驗內(nèi)容及實驗步驟（一）探索分析（Explore過程）實驗內(nèi)容：下表為30名10歲少兒的身高（cm）資料，試作探索性分析。身高身高編號男孩女孩編號男孩女孩1121.4133.49128.2125.42131.5132.710137.4137.53132.6130.111135.5120.94129.2136.712129.0138.85134.1139.713132.2138.66135.8133.014140.9141.47140.4140.315129.3137.58136.0124.0實驗步驟：建立數(shù)據(jù)文件。定義少兒身高的變量名為Height，然后再定義一個變量為SEX,用于作性別分組。順序輸入少兒身高的原始數(shù)據(jù)，在變量SEX中，男孩輸入1、女孩輸入2,并設置其值標簽。2.選擇菜單"AnalyzefDescriptiveStatisticsfExplore",彈出“Explore”對話框?，F(xiàn)欲對少兒身高資料進行分組的探索性分析，故在對話框左側(cè)的變量列表中選x，使之進入DependentList框，再選變量sex，使之進入FactorList框。單擊"Statistics”按鈕，彈出“Explore:Statistics”對話框，選中Descriptives、M-estimators、Outliers、Percentiles以及GroupedFrequencytables。單擊"Continue”按鈕返回“Explore"對話框。點擊“Plot”按鈕彈出“Explore:Plot”對話框，在Boxplot欄內(nèi)選“Factorlevelstogether"，按組別進行箱圖繪制；在“Descriptive”欄內(nèi)選“Stem-and-leaf”，作莖葉情形描述。單擊"Continue”按鈕返回"Explore"對話框。單擊“OK”按鈕，得到輸出結果。結果分析：描述統(tǒng)計量：分組顯示男女各組的均值、置信區(qū)間、5%修正均值、中位數(shù)、方差、標準差、最小值、最大值、全距、四分位間距、偏度和峰度。

DescriptivesGenderStatisticStd.ErrorHeight0Mean134.00001.6428295%ConfidenceLowerBound130.4765InternalforMeanUpperBound137.52355%TrimmedMean134.3167Median136.7000Variance40.483Std.Deviation6.36261Minimum120.9Maximum141.4Range20.50InterquartileRange8.70Skewness-.894.580Kurtosis-.2751.1211Mean132.90001.3192095%ConfidenceLowerBound130.0706InternalforMeanUpperBound135.72945%TrimmedMean133.0944Median132.6000Variance26.104Std.Deviation5.10924Minimum121.4Maximum140.9Range19.50InterquartileRange6.80Skewness-.424.580Kurtosis.4961.121M估計M-EstimatorsHuber'sTukey'sHampel'sAndrew;'GenderM-EstimatoPBiweighPM-FstimatoFWav&Height0135.4183136.2104135.1852136.23271132.9127133.0901133.0153133.0904Theweightingconstantis1.339.Theweightingconstantis4.685.Theweightingconstantsare1.700,3.400,and8.500Theweightingconstantis1.340*pi.百分位數(shù)

PercentilesH八■ercenuiesccWeightedHeight0Average(Definition1)1120.9000—121.4000122.7600—125.4800130.1000—129.2000136.7000—132.6000138.8000—136.0000140.7400—140.6000.Tukey'sHingesHeight01131.40001292500136.70001326000138.700013590004.極值ExtremeValuesGenderCaseNumberValueHeight0Highest129141.4222140.3320139.7427138.8528138.6Lowest126120.9223124.0324125.4418130.1517132.71Highest114140.927140.4310137.448136.056135.8Lowest11121.429128.2312129.044129.2515129.35.正態(tài)性檢驗TestsofNormalityGenderKolmogorov-SmnovaShapiro-WilkStatisticdfSigStatisticdfSigHeight0.19815.119.89515.0791.11215.200*.96315.751*.Thisisalowerboundofthetruesignificance.a.LillieforsSignificanceCorrection由上可以看出，在0.05水平下不能拒絕正態(tài)性假設。6.QQ圖NormalQ-QPlotcfHeight120125120125130135140145ObservedValue120125140NormalQ-QPlotfHeight130135120125140ObservedValue由上圖可以看出，各組數(shù)據(jù)均在直線周圍，因此可以認為他們服從正態(tài)分布。而且男性數(shù)據(jù)與直線擬合更好，說明更近似于正態(tài)分布，這一點從正態(tài)性檢驗結果5可以證實。（二）描述性分析（Descriptives過程）實驗內(nèi)容：調(diào)查20名男嬰的出生體重（克）資料如下，試作描述性統(tǒng)計。27702915279529952860297030873126312546542272350334183921266942183707231025733881實驗步驟：建立數(shù)據(jù)文件。激活數(shù)據(jù)管理窗口，定義男嬰出生體重的變量名為X,然后輸入男嬰出生體重的原始數(shù)據(jù)。選擇菜單"Analyze^DescriptiveStatistics^Descriptives"，彈出“Descriptives"對話框。在對話框左側(cè)的變量列表中選x,進入“Variable（s）"框。并選中“Savestandardizedvalueasvariables"項。單擊“OK”按鈕，得到輸出結果。（三）頻數(shù)分析（Frequencies過程）實驗內(nèi)容：調(diào)查100名健康女大學生的血清總蛋白含量（g%）如下表，試作頻數(shù)分析。7.437.886.887.807.048.056.977.127.358.057.957.567.507.887.207.207.207.437.127.207.507.357.887.437.586.507.437.126.976.807.357.507.206.437.588.036.977.437.357.357.587.586.887.657.047.128.127.507.046.807.047.207.657.437.657.766.737.207.507.437.357.957.357.476.507.658.167.547.277.276.727.657.277.047.726.886.736.736.737.277.587.357.507.277.357.357.278.167.037.437.357.957.047.657.277.728.437.507.657.04實驗步驟：建立數(shù)據(jù)文件。定義血清總蛋白含量的變量名為X，然后輸入血清總蛋白含量的原始數(shù)據(jù).數(shù)據(jù)預分析選擇菜單"Analyze^DescriptiveStatistics^Explore"，在彈出對話框中選擇血清總蛋白含量進入DependentList；并在Display選項中選擇plotsfplotsBoxplotsfNonefDescriptivefStem-andTeaffcontinue.根據(jù)莖葉圖，觀察數(shù)據(jù)是否分布均勻，從而確定是采用等距式分組還是異距式分組。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗公式確定組數(shù)以及組距，并確定適當組限。計算頻數(shù)對原始數(shù)據(jù)進行重新編碼，利用TransformfRecodefIntoDifferentVariables將該100名健康女大學生的血清總蛋白含量分組并賦值給新變量NewVar。選擇菜單“AnalyzefDescriptiveStatisticsfFrequencies",彈出“Frequencies"對話框。在對話框左側(cè)的變量列表中選擇變量NewVar，使之進入“Variable(s)"框。選中復選框"Displayfrequencytables"，輸出變量的頻數(shù)分布表。3’單擊“Statistics”按鈕，彈出“Frequencies:Statistics”對話框，選擇四分位數(shù)(Quartiles)、均數(shù)(Mean)、中位數(shù)(Median)、眾數(shù)(Mode)、總和(Sum)、標準差(Std.deviation)、方差(Variance)、全距(Range)、最小值(Minimum)>最大值(Maximum)、標準誤(S.E.mean)、偏度系數(shù)(Skewness)和峰度系數(shù)(Kurtosis)，單擊“Continue"按鈕返回。單擊“Charts”鈕，彈出“Frequencies:Charts”對話框。選擇“Histograms"及“NormalCurve"，對變量x繪制直方圖，并繪制正態(tài)曲線。單擊"Continue”按鈕返回。單擊“OK”按鈕，得到輸出結果。結果分析：1.基本統(tǒng)計量DescriptivesStatisticStd斤ror血清總蛋白Mean7.3660.03940含量(g%)95%ConfidenceLowjrBound7.2878InternalforMeanUpperBound7.44425%TrimmedMean7.3644Median7.3500Variance.155Std.Deviation.39401Minimum6.43Maximum8.43Range2.00InterquartileRange.46Skewness.060.241Kurtosis.034.478莖葉圖血清總蛋白含量(g%)Stem-and-LeafPlotFrequencyStem&Leaf1.001Extremes(=<6.43)2.0065.00.0066.5.0067.233335.0068.008883.0069.7778.0070.344444444.0071.222214.0072.0000000777777711.0073.555555555559.0074.333333337

14.0075.000000046888887.005555555TOC\o"1-5"\h\z3.0077.2264.0078.08883.0079.5553.0080.3553.0081.2661.00Extremes(>=8.43)Stemwidth:.10Eachleaf:case(s)3.盒子圖8.508.007.507.006.506.00血清總蛋白含量（g%）7.00Stemwidth:.10Eachleaf:case(s)3.盒子圖8.508.007.507.006.506.00由莖葉圖和盒子圖基本可以判斷，該數(shù)據(jù)是均勻且對稱的?？梢岳玫染嗍椒纸M，組數(shù)G=K=1+lgn/lg2=7~8組，全距R=8.43-6.43=2.00，取G=8，則組距為I=R/G=0.25（取0.30）.采用兩段開口式分組，最低組上限為6.70,……，最大組下限8.50.變量數(shù)列

血清蛋白分組FrequencyPercentValidPercentCumulativePercentValid131.53.03.02136.513.016.032613.026.042.043417.034.076.05147.014.090.06105.010.0100.0Total10050.0100.0MissingSystem10050.0Total200100.0實驗：某醫(yī)師測得血紅蛋白值（g%）如表2.1,請編制血紅蛋白質(zhì)的變量數(shù)列，要求寫出編制過程，并對結果進行必要解釋。表2.1對象編號性別年齡血紅蛋白值對象編號性別年齡血紅蛋白值1女1812.8321女1611.362男1615.5022男1612.783女1812.2523男1815.094女1710.0624女188.675男1610.8825女178