2018年高考英語真題及答案

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新課標 I）英語聽力（略）閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）第一節(jié)（共 15小題，每小題 2分，滿分 30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourin3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,.Duration:3hourMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourfor.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,ahealthywaywithminimumguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memories,andbikesandasmoothtourroute（路線）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hour（7miles）JoinasmallgrouphiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance【A】A.CherryBlossomTourinWashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour【D】A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide【D】A.Citymaps.B.CamerasC.Meals. D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodtaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyatheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe ’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,s”heexplains."Ipay5foraportion(——份),butMattmakesthemfor26Paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe ’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系歹U節(jié)目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'SaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachtonight’Eassterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonateamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutasstitlylrecipes.doweknowaboutSusannaReid(B)enjoysembarrassingherguests.dislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.doesMattTebbutthelpSusanna(C)buyscookingmaterialsforher.assistsherincookingmatters.hasstartedanewprogramme.doweknowaboutSusannaReid(B)enjoysembarrassingherguests.dislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.doesMattTebbutthelpSusanna(C)buyscookingmaterialsforher.assistsherincookingmatters.hasstartedanewprogramme.hashadatightbudgetforherfamilypreparefoodforherkids.invitesguestfamiliesforher.doestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4(C)thepreviousparagraphs.someadviceforthereaders.somebackgroundinformation. anewtopicfordiscussion.canbeasuitabletitleforthetext(D)FitbyEatingSmart OurDailyDietYourselfaPerfectChef WellforLessLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoretheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachlanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld ’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitdeStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAuatralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.canweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimesBdevelopedveryfast.werelargeinnumber.hadsimilarpatterns.werecloselyconnected.ofthefollowingbestexplains t”“duonmdeinralinedinparagraph2Cmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent6,800. 3,400. 2,400. 1,200.isthemainideaofthetextClanguageswillbecreated.’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.developmentresultsinfewerlanguages.determineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshonyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(裝置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle,That’sbadnewsforenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife formwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthemethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyuseevolvedsincetheearlyweregroupedbycomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’thtrowoutouroldones.“TheLiving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekid ’sroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13innotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbin’tesam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTV’swithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution(決方案)Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.doestheauthorthinkofnewdevices(A)areenvironment-friendly. arenobetterthantheold.costmoretouseathome. gooutofstylequickly.didBabbin’steamconducttheresearch(D)reducethecostofminerals. testthelifecycleofaproduct.updateconsumersonnewtechnology. findoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.ofthefollowingusestheleastenergy(B)box-setTV. tablet. LCDTV.desktopcomputer.doesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices(A)usingthem.B.Takethemapart.them. them.第二節(jié) (共 5小題，每小題 2分，滿分 10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou’alllwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat ’soflifeOrareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday 36 ,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthis

important,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere ’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.’rehtelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourtiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.requireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisioninyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andyou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitareWhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou’relookingforIfyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithIt’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分 語言知識運用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)完型填空 （共 20小題，每小題分，滿分 30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A,B,C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。free”’twant’t__43____enougDuringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferingacourse,calledThinkingChess,forthree __41___theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesnto__42___afewdollarsMorethanthat,I ’dalwayswantedtolearn,evenifIwerenfreecredits,newsaboutour__44 wasappealingenoughtowasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__45___Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame ’s___46___,Icouldhardlywaitto__47__him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__48___wasnogameforhim:hemeanthisintroduction,hemakeit___49 thatourcreditswouldbeorderto___50___theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto___51 whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand___52___toour managedtogetanAinthat__53__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe___54______55__me:“Theabsolutemost

everysinglemoveyouhaveto”ThesewordsstillringtruetodayinmyTenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’___55__me:“Theabsolutemost

everysinglemoveyouhaveto”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy（對手 ）isdoingand__59___thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.___60___asajournalist.BCADDCBDCBCACBADBADA41forward424341forward4243atoutdown444546A.fastestB.easiestC.best47A.interviewC.challengeD.beat48A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job49A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation55A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised56A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill57A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments58A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control59A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate60A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior第二節(jié)(共10小題；沒小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastlong52(see)thebenefitYoumaydrink,smoke,beoverwhelmingandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan 'tmakeyouliveforever,thereview64ysit(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause)Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise i-t'probablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfacesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles,avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningischeap,easyandit'salways(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.61longer62tosee63dying64is65than66that/which67causes68strengthen69energetic7