高英UNIT5課后答案及單詞匯總The-Sad-Young-Men

:lookingforsomethingfarawayorlongagoorforformerhappycircumstance舊的illicit(adj.) :notallowedbylaw ，custom，rule，etc．法的，違禁的，非法的：unlawful；prohibited違thrill(n.) :tremorofexcitement( 一陣)激動speakeasy(n.):[slang]aplacewherealcoholicdrinksareaplaceintheU ．S．duringProhibition[ 俚](美國禁酒期的soldillegally ，esp.such)非法的酒店denunciation(n.):theactofdenouncing控告；指責，amour(n.):aloveaffair，esp.ofanillicitorsecretnature戀情；（尤指）不正當?shù)哪信P(guān)系andtwowideseats．frontsedan(n.):andtwowideseats．frontandrear（兩扇或四扇門、雙排座的）轎車naughty(adj.):improper，obscene不得體的；猥褻的jazzy(adj.):(aparty)playingjazzmusic( 舞會)放爵士音樂的flask—toting(adj.) :alwayscarryingasmallflaskfilledwithwhiskyorotherstrongliquor身帶烈性酒的sheik(n.):(Americanism)amasterfulmantowhomwomenaresupposedtobeirresistablyattracted[美國語](能使女子傾心的)美男子vagary(n.):anodd，eccentric，orunexpectedactionorbitofconduct 古怪行徑；難以預(yù)測的行為flapper(n.):[colloq．](inthe1920's)ayoungwomanconsideredboldandunconventionalinactionsanddress[ 口](在20世紀20年代被認為)舉止與衣著不受傳統(tǒng)拘束的年輕女子，輕佻女郎perspective(n.) :aspecificpointofviewinunderstandingorjudgingthingsorevents，esp.onethatshowsthemintheirtruerelationstooneanother 正確理解或判斷事物相互關(guān)系的能力

jazzmad(adj.):blindlyandfoolishlyfondofjazzmusicjazzmad(adj.):blindlyandfoolishlyfondofjazzmusic爵士樂狂aftermath(n.) :aresultorconsequence ，esp.anunpleasantone結(jié)果，后果(尤指令人不愉快的后果)provincial(adj.) :narrow，limitedlikethatofruralprovinces 狹窄的；偏狹的；地方性的(n.)hequalityofbeinggenteel；(n.)hequalityofbeinggenteel；now，specifically，excessiveoraffectedrefinementandelegance有教養(yǎng)，斯文，溫文爾雅；（現(xiàn)尤指）假裝文雅，假裝斯文aggressiveness(n.):boldandenergeticpursuitofone 'send，enterprise有進取心，進取精神bustle(v.) :hurrybusilyorwithmuchfussandbother 繁忙，奔忙medium(n.):environment環(huán)境catalytic(adj.) :actingasthestimulusinbringingaboutorhasteningaresult起催化作用的；起刺激作用的precipitate(v.):throwheadlong；causetohappenbeforeexpected ，needed；bringon猛拋，猛投；突然發(fā)生；促使obsolescent(adj.) :intheprocessofbecomingobsolete 即將過時的；逐漸被廢棄的，oftenmores(n.):customs，esp.thefixedortraditionalcustomsofasocietyacquiringtheforceoflaw，oftensophistication(n.):thestateofbeingartificial ，worldly—wise，urbane，etc．老于世故faddishness(n.) :thefollowingoffads 趕時髦，趕時尚hectic(adj.) :characterizedbyexcitement ，rush，confusion，etc．興奮的；忙亂的；混亂的gaiety(n.) :cheerfulness；thestateofbeinggay 高興，快樂

:apervertingorbeingperverted；corruption走入邪路；墮落；敗:apervertingorbeingperverted，transportation ，andsaleofalcoholicliquorsforbeveragepurposes；，transportation ，andsaleofalcoholicliquorsforbeveragepurposes；specificallyintheU ．S．，the特指美國20~30年代的)特指美國20~30年代的)禁酒法令orgy(n.):anywildriotouslicentiousmerry —making；debauchery縱酒飲樂；狂歡spree(n.) :alively，noisyfrolic狂歡，縱樂reveler(n.) :apersonwhomakesmerryorisnoisilyfestive 狂歡者，狂宴者sober(v.) :makeorbecomeserious，solemn變清醒；變嚴肅prolong(v.) :lengthenorextendintimeorspace 延長；拖長；使持久stalemate(n.):anyunresolvedsituationinwhichfurtheractionisimpossibleoruseless；deadlock僵持；困境insolence(n.) :beingboldlydisrespectfulinspeech行)無禮，魯莽；傲慢—orbehavior；impudence(言belligerent(adj.):atwar；ofwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)的；戰(zhàn)爭的adventurousness(n.) :beingfondofadventure ；willingnesstotakechances 喜歡冒險；大膽strenuous(adj.) :vigorous，arduous,zealous，etc．奮發(fā)的；使勁的jingoism(n.) :chauvinismcharacterizedbyanaggressive。threatening，warlikeforeignpolicy侵略主義，沙文主義fracas(n.) :anoisyfight0rloudquarrel；brawl大聲吵架；打鬧infantry(n.):footsoldierscollectively；esp.thatbranchofanarmyconsistingofsoldierstrainedandequippedtofightchieflyonfoot步兵；（尤指）步兵部隊harass(v.):trouble，worry．ortorment，aswithcares,debts，repeatedquestions，etc．使煩惱(或困憂)，折磨sergeant(n.):noncommissionedofficerofthefifthgrade．rankingaboveacorporalandbelowastaffsergeantintheU．S．ArmyandMarineCorps；generally.anyofthenoncommissionedofficersintheU．S．a(chǎn)rmedforceswithsergeantaspartofthetitleoftheirrank中士；軍士draft(n.):thechoosingortakingofanindividualorindividualsfromagroupforsomespecialpurpose ，esp.forcompulsorymilitaryservice 征兵：挑選carnival(n.) :arevelingortimeofrevelry ；festivity；merrymaking狂歡，盡情作樂contingent(n.) :ashare,proportion ，orquota，asoftroops．ships。laborersdelegates，etc．小分隊，分遣部隊bombast(n.):talkorwritingthatsoundsgrandorimportantbuthaslittlemeaning；pompouslanguage詞藻華麗而空洞無物的淡話(或文章)；夸大的語言recession(n.):atemporaryfallingoff()fbusinessactivityduringaperiodwhen

商業(yè)暫時衰退現(xiàn)象；蕭條suchactivityhasbeengenerallyincreasing商業(yè)暫時衰退現(xiàn)象；蕭條hipup:rouse，excite激起outmoded(adj.):nolongerinfashionoracceptedoutmoded(adj.):nolongerinfashionoraccepted；obsolete舊式的；過時的；廢棄了的sodden(adj.):dullorstupefied ，asfromoverindulgenceinliquor( 因沉迷于酒而變得）遲鈍的，麻木的dubious(adj.) :rousingsuspicion ；feelingdoubt；skeptical引起懷疑的；感到懷疑的；懷疑的flout(n.) :bescornful；showcontempt；jeer；scoff輕蔑，藐視；嘲弄；侮辱conflagration(n.) :abig,destructivefire( 毀滅性的)大火．大火災(zāi)fast(adj.) :livinginareckless,wild,dissipatedway 放湯的，放縱的

pulpit(n.):preacherscollectively教士們pulpit(n.)common；popularvulgar(adj.) common；popular普通的，一般的；流行的avid(adj.):havinganintensedesireorcravingavid(adj.):havinganintensedesireorcraving；greedy渴望的，熱望的；貪婪的；havingasensitivenatureofsusceptible(adj.) :easilyaffectedemotionallyfeelings；havingasensitivenatureofdiatribe(n.) :abitter，abusivecriticismordenunciation 謾罵；諷刺；誹謗grandiose(adj.) :havinggrandeurormagnificenceimposing;impressive 雄偉的;壯觀的;莊嚴的;給人深刻印象的ally(v.) :comebacktonormalstrength ；revive恢復(fù)；復(fù)元burden(n.):centralidea ；theme主題；重點，要點ahelperorsubordinateassociate附屬物，附加物；幫手，助手incompetent(n.):apersonwhoiscompletelyincapable無能力者，不能勝任者expatriate(v.):withdraw(oneself)it(ahelperorsubordinateassociate附屬物，附加物；幫手，助手incompetent(n.):apersonwhoiscompletelyincapable無能力者，不能勝任者expatriate(v.):withdraw(oneself)it(使自己)移居國外，放棄原國籍fromone'snativelandorfromallegiancetoadjunct(n.):athingaddedtosomethingelse;apersonconnectedwithanotherasadjunct(n.)denominator(n.) :asharedcharacteristic 共同特性，共性iconoclastic(adj.) :opposingtothereligioususeofimagesoradvocatingthedestructionofsuchimages反對崇拜偶像的sterile(adj.):barren；unfruitful貧瘠的，不長莊稼的；無成效的flay(v.):criticizeorscoldmercilessly嚴厲斥責；怒罵短語(Expressions)drugstorecowboy:ayoungmanwhohangsarounddrugstoresandotherpublicplaces

tryingtoimpresswomen 在雜貨店和其他公共場所徘徊試圖打動女人的年輕男人例：Youdon'tseetheolddrugstorecowboysaroundthispartoftownanymore．在這個鎮(zhèn)的這片地方你再也看不到以往那些雜貨店牛仔了。seeperspective:vieworjudgethingsinawaythatshowtheirtruerelations．我們應(yīng)該注意這些事件間tooneanother以聯(lián)系的觀點正確地看待或判斷事物．我們應(yīng)該注意這些事件間例：Weshouldseetheseeventsinperspective的本質(zhì)聯(lián)系以正確評價它們。precipitatesb／sthintosth ．:thrustviolentlyinto(acondition)使突然陷入某種狀態(tài)例：precipitatethecountryintowar 使國家突然陷人戰(zhàn)爭soberup:freefromdrunkenness ；becomenotdrunk變清醒．送他上床等他清醒過來。例：Puthimt0beduntilhesobersup．送他上床等他清醒過來。hipup:rouse；excite煽動，激起例：whipupthemob煽動暴民／whipupenthusiasm激起熱情keepupwiththeJoneses:competewithonekeepupwiththeJoneses:competewithonesneighbors．etc．(inthepurchase0farticles ，0farticles ，e．g．clothes，acar，indicatingsocialstatus)和瓊斯一家人比(在購買物品如衣物、汽車等方面與鄰人等相比以示社會地位)買物品如衣物、汽車等方面與鄰人等相比以示社會地位)，與他人攀比FONTstyle="BACKGROUND-COLOR:cornflowerblue"color=white>commondenominatoracommonlysharedthemeortrait 共同點，共同特色例：Alltheseaccidentshaveacommondenominatorthattheyarerelatedwithdrunkdriving．所有這些事故的共同點是它們都與酒后駕車有關(guān)?？床黄?，認為無價值writeoff:dropfromconsideration看不起，認為無價值．我們認為這個項目毫例：We'vewrittentheprojectoffasanonstarter．我們認為這個項目毫無成功的希望，已經(jīng)對它不予以考慮了。課文練習EXERCISES10Ⅰ.Writeshortnoteson:HaroldStearn,GertrudeSteinandEarnestHemingway.１.HaroldE.(Edmond)Stearns(1891--1943), inAmericaandtheYoungIntellectuals(1921),statedthecredoofthepost-wargenerationintheUnitedStates,whichhesaid"doesdislike,almosttothepointofhatred,andcertainlytothepointofcontempt,thetypeofpeoplewho dominateinourpresent civilization"'"Adefinitivestatementoftheattitudeappearedinthesymposiumthatheedited,CivilizationintheUnitedStates:AnEnquirybyThirtyAmericans(1922).WithhisreturnfromexpatriationfromFranceandgrowingawarenessofsocialactioninplaceofescape,describedinTheStreetIknow(1935),hepreparedanewmanifesto,America:ARe-Appraisal(1937),againasymposiumbyleadingcritics.(Note:ThereisamisprintinExerciseI.ThenameSteamshouldbeStearns.)GertrudeStein(1874--1946),Americanauthorandpatronof thearts.Acelebratedpersonality,sheencouraged,aided,andinfluenced--throughherpatronageaswellasthroughherwriting --manyliteraryandartisticfigures.In1902shewentabroadandfrom1903untilherdeathlivedchieflyinParis.InParis,Steinbecameinterestedinmodernartmovements;sheencouragedandpurchasedtheworkofmanynewpainters,includingPicassoandMatisse.Duringthe1920sshewastheleaderofaculturalsalon,whichincludedsuchwritersasHemingway,SherwoodAnderson,F.ScottFitzgerald,allofwhoseworkssheinfluenced.Itwasshewhofirstcoinedthephrase"lostgeneration"forthosepostworldwarIexpatriates.DuringWorldWarⅡsheremainedinFrance,andafterthewarherParishomebecameameetingplaceforAmericansoldiers.Stein'sowninnovativewritingemphasizesthesoundsandrhythmsratherthanthesenseofwords.Bydepartingfromconventionalmeaning,grammar,andsyntax,sheattemptedtocapture"momentsofconsciousness",in-dependentoftimeandmemory.Someofherbestknownworksare:ThreeLives(1909),TheMakingofAmericans(1925),AutobiographyofAlice13.Toklas(1933)(herownautobiographypresentedasthatofhersecretarycompanion).ErnestHemingway(1899--1961),Americannovelistandshortstorywriter,oneofthegreatAmericanwritersofthe20thcentury.Hemingway'sfictionusuallyfocusesonpeoplelivingessential,dangerouslives-soldiers,fisher-men,athletes,bullfighters--whomeetthepainanddifficultyoftheirexistencewithstoiccourage.Hiscelebratedliterarystyle,influencedbyEzraPoundandGertrudeStein,isdirect,terseandoftenmonotonous,yetparticularlysuitedtohiselementalsubjectmatter.DuringWorldWarIheservedasanambulancedriverinFranceandintheItalianinfantryandwaswoundedjustbeforehis19thbirthday.Later,whileworkinginParisascorrespondentfortheTorontoStar,hebecameinvolvedwiththeexpatriatecirclesurroundingGertrudeStein.Withthepublication

ofTheSunAlsoRises(1926),hewasrecognizedasthespokesmanofthe"lostgeneration"(so-calledbyGertrudeStein).Thenovelconcernsagroupofpsychologicallybruised,disillusionedexpatriateslivinginpost-warParis,whotakepsychicrefugeinsuchimmediatephysicalactivitiesaseating,drinking,travelling,brawlingandlovemaking.DuringtheSpanishCivilWar,Hemingwayservedasacorrespondenton theloyalistside~ fromthisexperiencecamehisgreatnovelForWhomtheBellTdls(1940),which,indetailinganincidentinthewar,arguesforhumanbrotherhood.HemingwayfoughtinWorldWar ⅡandthensettledinCubain1945.HisnoveletteTheOldManandtheSea(1952)celebratestheindomitablecourageofanagedCubanfisherman.In1954,HemingwaywasawardedtheNobelPrizeworksare:AFarewelltoArms(1929),DeathintheAfternoon(1932),"/'oHaveandcourageofanagedCubanfisherman.inliterature.AfterhisexpulsionfromCubabytheCastroregime,hemovedtoIdaho.Hewasincreasinglyplaguedbyillhealthanddiminishingmentalfaculties,andininliterature.AfterhisexpulsionfromCubabytheCastroregime,hemovedtoIdaho.Hewasincreasinglyplaguedbyillhealthanddiminishingmentalfaculties,andinJuly,1961,hecommittedsuicideJuly,1961,hecommittedsuicidebyshootinghimself.Someofhisotherwell-knownHaveNot(1937),andsuchvolumesofshortstoriesasMenwithoutWomen(1927),Win-herTakeNothing(1933)andtheFirstForty-nineStories(1938).Ⅱ.Questionsoncontent:Whyweretheyoungergenerationofthe1920sthoughttobewildWastherereallyayoungergenerationproblemWastherearevoltoftheyoungergenerationHowdiditmanifestitselfWhywastherevoltlogicalandinevitableWhatdoesthewritermeanby"thepatternofescape"(para4)HowdidWorldWarIaffecttheyoungergenerationInwhatwaysdidGreenwichVillagesetthepatternfortherevoltoftheyoungergenerationofthe1920sWhatnewphilosophyweretheyoungintellectualstryingtopreachWhydidyoungintellectualsofthisperiodemigratetoEuropeWhywerethesewriterscalledthe"lostgeneration"WeretheyreallylostⅢ.Questionsonappreciation:Analysethestructureofthewholeessay,dividingitintoitscomponentparts.Whatisthewriter'scentralthesisWhereisitstatedHowdoesthewriterdevelophiscentral thoughtDoeshesupporthisopinionswithconvincingfactsanddetailsDotheindividualparagraphsorparagraphunitsrelatetothecentralthoughtofthewhole,anddevelopnewbutrelatedstagesofthedevelopingthoughtWouldyouconsiderparagraphs7and8asoneunitHowdotheyrelatetoeachotherDoyouagreewiththeconclusionsofthewriterGiveyourreasons.ArethereanyweakpointsinhispresentationⅣ.Paraphrase:Theslightestmentionofthedecadebringsnostalgicrecollectionstothemiddle-aged(para1)TherejectionofVictoriangentilitywas,inanycase,inevitable.(para3)ThewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure(para3)itwastempted,inAmericaatleast,toescapeitsresponsibilitiesandretreatbehindanairofnaughtyalcoholicsophistication(para4)Prohibitionaffordedtheyoungtheadditionalopportunityofmakingtheirpleasuresillicit(para4)ouryoungmenbegantoenlistunderforeignflags(para5)they"wantedtogetintothefunbeforethewholethingturnedbellyup"(para5)theyhadoutgrowntownsandfamilies(para6)thereturningveteranalsohadtoface...thehypocriticaldo-goodismofProhibition(para6)Somethinginthetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto"give"(para6)itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar,Babbittry,and"Puritanical"gentility,shouldflocktothetraditionalartisticcenter(para7)Eachtownhadits"fast"setwhichprideditselfonitsunconventionality(para8)Ⅴ.Translateparagraph6intoChinese.Ⅵ.Lookupthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningoftheitalicizedwords"themoralandstylisticvagariesofthe"flapper"(para1)theartificialwallsofaprovincialmorality(para2)thecodeofpolitebehavior(para3)Prohibitionaffordedtheyoungtheadditionalopportunity(para4)Thewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagent(para3)crowdingintoGreenwichVillage(para4)"gohomeandwaitforthedraft"(para5)Theyfoughtwithdistinction(para6)whohadgenerallyseenaconsiderableamountofaction(para6)Theirenergieshadbeenwhippedup(para6)Somethinginthetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto"give"(para6)Theburdenofthevolumewasthat(para9)money-makingandkeepingupwiththeJoneses(para9)innumerableotherscouldneverbewrittenoffassterile(para11)Ⅶ.LookupthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningofthefollowingAmericanisms"thefirstvisittoaspeakeasy(para1)theflask-toting"sheik"(para1)the"flapper"andthe"drugstorecowboy"(para1)amagnolia-scentedsoapopera(para5)war,Babbittry,and"Puritanical"gentility(para7)Eachtownhadits"fast"set(par8)theculturalbooberyofoursociety(para9)[SRB]1.Webster'sNewWorldDictionaryoftheAmericanLanguageTheDictionaryofAmericanSlang--Wentworth&FlexnerⅧ.Explainhowthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesisaffectedwhentheitalicizedwordsarereplacedwiththewordsinbrackets:TheboomingofAmericanindustry,withitsgigantic,roaringfactories,itscorporateimpersonality,anditslarge-scaleaggressiveness,nolongerleftanyroomforthecodeofpolitebehavior(flourishing)(aggression)itreleasedtheirinhibitedviolentenergieswhich,aftertheshootingwasover,were.turnedin bothEuropeandAmericatothedestructionofanobsolescentnineteenth-centurysociety(obsolete)Theyoungmenofcollegeagein1917,knewnothingofmodernwarfare.(wars)ThosewhowerereluctanttoserveinaforeignarmytalkedexcitedlyaboutPreparedness(preparations)businesswassufferingarecession thatpreventedtheopeningupofnewjobs(depression)Theirenergieshadbeenwhippedupandtheirnaivete 天真爛漫，純真無邪destroyedbythewar(innocence)Instead,theirideashadbeengenerallyignored(disregarded)therewaslittleremedyforthesensitivemindbuttoemigratetoEurope(migrate)Ⅸ.Explainthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinplain,nonfigurativelanguage:wehadreachedaninternationalstaturethatwouldforeverpreventusfromretreatingbehindtheartificialwallsofaprovincialmoralityorthegeographicalprotectionofourtwoborderingoceans.ThewaractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure.thisonelasteduntilthemoneyranout,untilthecrashoftheworldeconomicstructureattheendofthedecadecalledthepartytoahaltandforcedtherevellerstosoberupandfacetheproblemsofthenewageTheirveryhomeswereoftenuncomfortabletothem;theyhadoutgrowntownandfamilies.Afterthewar,itwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungwriters,ttieirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwar,Babbittry,and"Puritanical"gentility,shouldflocktothetraditionalartisticcenterAsitbecamemoreandmorefashionablethroughoutthecountryforyoungpersonstodefythelawandconventionsandtoaddtheirownlittlematchstickstotheconflagrationof"flamingyouth,"itwasGreenwichVillagethatfannedtheflames.Youngerbrothersandsistersofthewargenerationnowbegantoimitatethemannersoftheireldersandplaywiththetoysofvulgarrebellion.butsincethecountrywasblindanddeaftoeverythingsavetheglintandringofthedollar,therewaslittleremedyforthesensitivemindbuttoemigratetoEuropewhere"theydothingsbetterⅩ.Foreachwordinthecolumnontheleft,findawordorphraseofsimilarmeaning

inthecolumnontheright.Tellwhichofthetwoismoreformalorliterary.amourquestionsthrowheadlongmanifestofracasdissopateconflafrationaffluentSusceptibleExpatriationDiatribedwellingplaceteardownabittercriticismamourquestionsthrowheadlongmanifestofracasdissopateconflafrationaffluentSusceptibleExpatriationDiatribedwellingplaceteardownabigfireexileresidencedemolishaloveaffairdispel,breakupapublicdeclarationbrawlprecipitateinquiriesricheasilyinfluencedⅪ.Theprefixes"un"and"-in"(-im,-il,-ir)haveanegativemeaning.Addtherightprefixtothefollowingwords:resistible 9.prudentmaterial 10.pleasantcomparable 11.legitimatesafe12.alterablesecure 13.logicalliterate14.popularpreciseⅫ.Readthefirstparagraphofthetextandbepreparedtodiscuss:Ⅻ.Readthefirstparagraphofthetextandbepreparedtodiscuss:1)Whatinterestandbackgroundmaterialdoestheparagraphgivethereader2)Doestheparagraphincludethethesisstatement--asinglesentenceexpressingthecentralhoughtofthepieceofwriting3)Doesitincludeaclearindicationofthedirectionofthewriter'sflowofthought4)Isitawell-writtenintroductoryparagraphGiveyourreasons.ⅩⅢ.Writeanintroductoryparagraphforanessayononeofthefollowingtopics:TheYoungerGenerationinChinaTheWorkersinSocialistChinaThePeasantsinSocialistChinaⅩⅣ.Topicfororalwork:WhatyoungergenerationproblemsdowehaveinChinatodayWhatcausedthemHowcanwesolvethemⅩⅤ.Writeasummaryofthetextwithin400words.youngergenerationofthe1920swerethoughttobewildbecause1heyvisitedspeakeasies,denoucedPuritanmorality,etc.(Seepara.1).2."Yes"and"noYes"becausethebusinessofgrowingupisalwaysaccompaniedbyaYoungerGenerationProblem,"no"becausealltheiractionscannowbeseeninperspectiveasbeingsomethingconsiderablylesssensationalthanthedegenerationofjazzmadyouth.Yes.Youthwasfacedwiththechallengeofchangingthestandardsofsocialbehavior,ofrejectingVictoriangentility.ButinAmericatheyoungpeopletriedtoescapetheirresponsibilitiesandretreatbehindandairofnaughtyalco-holicsophisticationandaposeofBohemianimmorality.Therevoltwaslogicalandinevitablebecauseoftheconditionsintheage.Firstofall,therebellionaffectedtheentireWesternworld.Second,peopleintheUnitedStatesrealizedtheircountrywasnolongerisolatedineitherpoliticsortraditionandthattheycouldnolongertakerefugeinisolationism.Alltheactivities mentionedaboveweremeanstohelptheyoungpeopletoescapetheirmoreseriousresponsibilitiesofchangingsocietyandmostyoungpeoplewentinfortheseactivities.Itbecameageneralpatternofbehavior.6.Thewarwhippeduptheirenergiesbutdestroyedtheirnaivette.Itmadethemcynical.Theycouldnotfitthemselvesintopostwarsocietysotheyrebelledandtriedtooverthrowcompletelythegentelstandardsofbehavior.7.Intellectualsandnon-intellectualsbegantoimitatethepatternoflifesetbythoselivinginGreenwichVillage.ThesepeoplelivedaBohemianandeccentriclife.Theydefiedthelawandfloutedallsocialconventions.Theyattackedthewar,Babbittry,and"Puritanical"gentility.TheseyoungintellectualswantedAmericatobecomemoresensitivetoartandculture,lessavidformaterialgain,andlesssusceptibletostandardization.TheyemigratedtoEuropebecausethere"theydothingsbetter"thanintheUnitedStateswherepeopleonlycareformoneyandwealth.OnlyinEuropewilltheybeabletofindremedyfortheirsensitiveminds.Theywerecalledthe"lostgeneration"byGertrudeSteinbecausetheyweretroubledandworriedandhademigratedtoEurope.ButtheywereneverreallylostfortheyfinallyreturnedtoAmericaandproducedtheliveliest,freshest,moststimulatingworksinAmerica'sliterayexperience.Ⅲ.Thestructuralorganizationofthisessayisclearandsimple.Theessaydivideslogicallyintoparagraphswithparticularfunctions:tointroducethesubject(introduction)inparagraph1,tosupportanddevelopthethesis(thebodyorthemiddle)inparagraphs2through9,tobringthediscussiontoanend(conclusion)inparagraphs10and11.HortonandEdwardsstatetheirthesisinthelastparagraphoftheessay:"TheintellectualsoftheTwenties,the"sadyoungmen",asF.ScottFitzgeraldcalledthem,cursedtheirluckbutdidn'tdie;escapedbutvoluntarilyreturned;flayedtheBabbitsbutlovedtheircountry,andinsodoinggavethenationtheliveliest,freshest,moststimulatingwritinginitsliteraryexperience."3.Theysupporttheirthesisbyprovidinghistoricalmaterialconcerningtherevoltoftheyoungergenerationofthetwentiesinaseriesofparagraphsandparagraphunitsbetweentheintroductionandconclusion.Yes.Eachparagraphorparagaphunitdevelopsanewbutrelatedaspectofthethoughtstatedinthethesis.Frequentlythefirstsentenceofthesemiddleparagraphsstatesclearlythemainideaofthematerialthatfollowsandindi-catesanewbutrelatedstageofthedevelopingthought.Forexample:TherejectionofVictoriangentilitywas,inanycase,inevitable.(paragraph3).TherebellionstartedwithWorldWarI.(paragraph5)GreenwichVillagesetthepattern.(paragraph7)Meanwhilethetrueintellectualswerefarfromflattered.(parageraph9).Thetwoparagraphsformasingleunit.Thewritersbegin.withaclearlystatedmainidea--GreenwichVillagesetthepatternanduseparagraph1toexplainGreenwichVillagetothereader,followinginparagraph2withsup-portingmaterialshowinghowtherestofthecountryimitatedlifeinthe"Village".'schoice.'schoice.Ⅳ.theverymentionofthispost-warperiod,middle-agedpeoplebegintothinkaboutitlongingly.anycase,anAmericancouldnotavoidcastingasideitsmiddle-classrespectabilityandaffectedrefinement.waronlyhelpedtospeedupthebreakdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure.Americaatleast,theyoungpeoplewerestronglyinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilities.Theypretendedtobeworldly-wise,drinkingandbehavingnaughtily.youngpeoplefoundgreaterpleasureintheirdrinkingbecauseProhibition,bymakingdrinkingunlawfuladdedasenseofadventure.youngmenjoinedthearmiesofforeigncountriestofightinthewar.youngpeoplewantedtotakepartinthegloriousad-venturebeforethewholewarended.youngpeoplecouldnolongeradaptthemselvestolivesintheirhometownsortheirfamilies.ThereturningveteranalsohadtofaceProhibitionwhichthelawmakershypocriticallyassumedwoulddogoodtothepeople.10.(Underallthisforceandpressure)somethingintheyouthofAmerica,whowerealreadyverytense,hadtobreakdown.ItwasonlynaturalthathopefulyoungWriterswhosemindsandwritingswerefilledwithviolentangeragainstwar,Babbitry,and"Puritanical"gentility,shouldcomeingreatnumberstoliveinGreenwichVillage,thetraditionalartisticcentre.Eachtownwasproudthatithadagroupofwild,recklesspeople,wholivedunconventionallives.Ⅴ.Seethetranslationofthetext.Ⅵ.1.flapper:(Americanism)(inthe1920s)vincial:narrow,limitedlikethatofruralprovincescode:anysetofprinciplesorrulesofconduct;amoralcodeProhibition:theforbiddingbylawofthemanufacture,transportation,andsaleofalcoholicliquorsforbeveragepurposes~specificallyintheU.S.,theperiod(1920-1933)ofprohibitionbyFederallawagent:anactiveforceorsubstanceproducinganeffect,.,achemicalagentorgy:anywild,riotous,licentiousmerrymaking;debaucheryGreenwichVillage:sectionofNewYorkCity,onthelowerwestsideofManhattan:notedasacenterforartists,writers,etc.draft:thechoosingortakingofanindividualorindividualsfromagroupforsomespecialpurpose,especiallyforcompulsorymilitaryservicedistinction:thequalitythatmakesoneseemsuperiororworthyofspecia