八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納復(fù)習(xí)專題

復(fù)習(xí)專題一一八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納一、八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(含答案解析).閱讀理解Embroidery(刺繡)hasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.EmbroideryisverypopularinmanycountriessuchasChina,IndiaandJapan.Embroideryisthehandicraftofdecoratingfabricorothermaterialswithneedlesandthreadoryarn.EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.Embroideryisavailablewithawidevarietyofthreadoryarncolours.Embroideryhasmanyuniquecharacteristics(特點(diǎn)).Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches(針法)，suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.Theyarestillthefundamentaltechniquesofhandembroiderytoday.Embroiderycanbeclassifiedaccordingtowhetherthedesignisstitchedontopoforthroughthefoundationfabric;andbytherelationshipofstitchplacementtothefabric.Differentembroiderieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.In'modernsociety,wecanproducemanydifferentembroideries.Machineembroideryisoneofthem:ItappearsintheearlystagesoftheIndustrialRevolution.Fromthepassage,wecanknowembroiderycandatebacktoA.theWarringStatesPeriod B.theSpringandAutumnPeriodC.themoderntimes D.theMingDynastyWhichofthefollowingmaterialscannotbeusedinembroideryaccordingtothepassage?A.Metalstrips. B.Pearls. C.Quills. D.Wood.Fromthepassage,howmanythingscanembroiderybeusedon?A.Seven. B.Six. C.Five. D.Eight.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsbelongstoembroidery?A.Theflyingstitch.B.Thesatinstitch.C.Theflatstitch.D.Thebuttonstitch.【答案】(1)ADDB【解析】【分析】本文介紹了刺繡的起源，構(gòu)造以及特點(diǎn)和用途。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段提到的EmbroideryhasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.可知刺繡來自theWarringStatesPeriod,故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段提到的EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.可知材料不包括wood,木料，故選Do(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段提到的Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.可知一共有8個(gè)，故選Do(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段提到的Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches(針法),suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.可知thesatinstitch是它的特點(diǎn)，故選B.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.閱讀理解Morethanfiftyyearsago,BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90GofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However;Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent.Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cametolifeaboutsixteenyearsago.Shelooksmoreliketoday'spopstarswithheavymakeup(濃妝)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindsofclothes.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls."Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfunnier.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,"saysVeraShepherd,ashopassistantofatoystoreinNewYork.Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket,BarbieisstillNo.1.AlthoughMattelissellingfewerBarbiesintheUnitedStatestheseyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationsforBarbie's58thbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopularintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but58issurelynottheagetoretire(退休).Barbie'sfamilynameis.A.Roberts B.Millicent C.Shepherd D.BratzBarbie'stroubleisthat.shewearsheavymakeupandminiskirtsotherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirlsotherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarketshehasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarketGirlscandothefollowinginthefirstBarbiestoreinShanghaiEXCEPT .A.goingshoppingB.havingfoodC.drinkingjuiceD.takingphotosWhat'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords"fashiondesigners"inthepassage?A.珠寶設(shè)計(jì)師 B.發(fā)型設(shè)計(jì)師 C.舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)師 D.時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師【答案】(1)ACDD【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了芭比娃娃的起源，以及現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段提到的BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.可知，姓為Roberts,故選A。(2)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段說其他娃娃也相繼占有市場(chǎng)，可知Barbie因此受到打擊，故選Co(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段提到的MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.可矢口，只有takingphotos不可以,故選D。(4)推斷題。根據(jù)第四段提到的FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie?可知這個(gè)單詞的意思為時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.閱讀理解ClimbingMountQomolangma,theWorld'shighestmountain,hasnowbecomemoredifficult.ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.That'stheaverageamountofgarbageaclimberleavesbehindonMountQomolangma.Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight,sotheywouldhaveenergytoreachthesummit.ThegarbageprobleminMountQomolangmaisnotnew.In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.ThenewrulecameintoeffectinAprilof2014.Tomakesureitisfollowed,climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.Whentheyclimbbackdownthemountain,theofficialswillcheckthemtomakesuretheybringdownthe18poundsofgarbage.Iftheydo,theirmoneywillbegivenbacktothem.Ifnot,climberswon'tgettheirmoneyback.Also,theofficialswon'tletthesepeopleclimbthemountainagain.ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimbersofMountQomolangmato .takefewerthingstothetopofthemountainbringatleast18poundsoffoodwiththembringdownthegarbageleftbyotherclimbersbringdownatleast18poundsofgarbagewhentheycomedownthemountainWhydoclimbersleavegarbagealongtheway?Becausetheywanttoleavesomefoodforothers.Becausethegarbagecanhelpothersfindthem.Becausetheywanttokeeptheirbagslight.Becausethegarbagecanshowthemhowtocomedown.HowmuchgarbagewasbroughtdownMountQomolangmain2013?A.4tons. B.8tons. C.14tons. D.18tons.Nowtheclimbershaveto beforetheyclimbMountQomolangma.handinsomemoneytotheofficialsleaveplasticbagsbehindthemtelltheofficialswhentheywillcomedowntelltheofficialshowmanybagstheywillbring【答案】(1)DCAA【解析】【分析】主要講了爬珠穆朗瑪峰的登山者下山時(shí)應(yīng)該至少帶回18英鎊的垃圾。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThegovernmentofNepalasksclimberstocomedownthemountainwithatleast18poundsofgarbage.可知登山者下山時(shí)應(yīng)該帶至少18英鎊的垃圾，故選Do(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Climberswouldleavegarbagealongtheway.Thishelpsclimberskeeptheirbagslight可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是幫助保持他們的包輕快，故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)In2013,climberscarrieddownatotaloffourtonsofgarbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4噸垃圾帶下山，故選A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)climberswillhavetohandinsomemoneytotheofficialsbeforetheyclimbthemountain.可知登山者在他們爬山前上交一些錢給官員，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。.閱讀理解Weknowwhatitisliketryingtofindoutaboutjuniorsportsandhobbiesforboysandgirlsinyourlocal(當(dāng)?shù)氐?areafrom6-17yearsofage.We'vehadfirstexperienceofjuniorsportsourselvesacrossawidekindofactivities.Sowe'vesetupHobbiesforKidstohelpyoufindyourwaythroughthesportinginyourplace.Whetheryouwanttotakeupasportorhobbyjustforinterestortocompeteatahighstandard(水平)，thereareusuallymajordecisionsthatyouneedtotakeifyouarenewtoasportornewtoalocalarea.HobbiesforKidswillhelpyouwithideasaboutchoosingtherightorganizationsorclubsforjuniors,wheretofindtopqualitytuitiontailored(學(xué)費(fèi)定制)totheneedsofjuniors,buyingthecorrectequipmentandclothingateachstageofthejuniordevelopment.HobbiesforKidscoversJuniorFootball,JuniorGolf,JuniorCricketandJuniorSwimming.Othersportsandhobbieswillbeaddedsoonasthesiteexpandswithyourowninputandrequests,sokeepcheckingback!WehopeyoufindHobbiesforKidsusefulandinformative.HobbiesforKidsis.aTVprogramaboutsportsandhobbies.acourseespeciallydesignedforparents.amagazineonhobbiesforkids.aguidetokids,sportsandhobbies.(2)WhowouldbeinterestedinHobbiesforKids?A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Teenagers. D.Athletes.WiththehelpofHobbiesforKids,youwill .competeatahighstandarddevelopanewhobbyquicklyknowhowtopickarightclubknowtheneedsofjuniorsIfyouwanttogetinformationonjuniorbasketball,youshould .inputyourrequestsandcheckbackclickthesitenowandthengivesomeadvicetothesiteD.scanotherinformationfirstWheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Atextbook.B.TheInternet.C.Amagazine.D.Anadvertisement.【答案】(1)DCCAB【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是一則關(guān)于6?17歲學(xué)生制定的體育興趣俱樂部的廣告。(1)主旨大意題。根據(jù)HobbiesforKidswillhelpyouwithideasaboutchoosingtherightorganizationsorclubsforjuniors,wheretofindtopqualitytuitiontailored(學(xué)費(fèi)定制)totheneedsofjuniors,buyingthecorrectequipmentandclothingateachstageofthejuniordevelopment.可知Hobbiesforkids是一個(gè)為青少年選擇愛好或者體青運(yùn)動(dòng)的一個(gè)引領(lǐng)組織，故選D。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Weknowwhatitisliketryingtofindoutaboutjuniorsportsandhobbiesforboysandgirlsinyourlocal(當(dāng)?shù)氐?areafrom6-17yearsofage.可知對(duì)于Hobblesforkids感興趣的是青少年，故選Co(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。HobbiesforKidswillhelpyouwithideasaboutchoosingtherightorganizationsorclubsforjuniors,可知Hobbiesforkids可以幫著孩子們選擇合適的俱樂部。故選C。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HobbiesforKidscoversJuniorFootball,JuniorGolf,JuniorCricketandJuniorSwimming.Othersportsandhobbieswillbeaddedsoonasthesiteexpandswithyourowninputandrequests,sokeepcheckingback!可知其他的運(yùn)動(dòng)和愛好會(huì)很快加入網(wǎng)站擴(kuò)展，根據(jù)您自己輸入的信息和要求，所以請(qǐng)繼續(xù)跟進(jìn)！故選A。(5)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Othersportsandhobbieswillbeaddedsoonasthesiteexpandswithyourowninputandrequests,sokeepcheckingback!理解可知，這篇文章應(yīng)該來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考閱讀理解。本題主要涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中找到答案，而主旨大意題需要認(rèn)真閱讀仔細(xì)理解，歸納出中心思想。.閱讀理解March,2013,theH7N9virus(病毒)hit(襲擊)Shanghai,Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiangandsoon.Itseemedthatmostpeoplewhowereinfected(被感染)withH7N9hadthecommonflu(流感).Somepeoplesufferedfromafeveroracough.Don'tbeafraid-it'snoteasytobeinfectedwiththevirus.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyouprotectyourselfwhenitcomes.Washyourhands.Youneedtowashyourhandswithsoapandhotwaterbeforeyoueat,afteryouusethetoilet,andafteryoutouchanimals,becauseyourhandsmaycarryviruses.Coveryournoseandmouth.Whensomeonesneezes(打噴嚏)orcoughs,fluvirusescantravelasfarasonemeterthroughtheair,soyou'dbetterkeepaproperdistance(品巨離)whiletalkingtosomeonewhohasacold.Andalwayscoveryourmouthandnosewithapieceofpaperwhenyousneezeorcough,andthencleanyourhands.Wearamask(口罩).Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas80%,butifyoudon'twashyourhandsoften,it'snousewearingamask.Andit'snecessarytowearthemaskinthegroupsofpeople.Dosportsoften.Exerciseswillhelpmakeyourbodystrongenoughtoresistthevirus.MostpeoplewhowereinfectedwithH7N9had .A.acommonflu B.astomachache C.aheadache D.acoldWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?SomepeoplewhowereinfectedwiththeH7N9virushadatoothache.Youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithapieceofpaperwhenyousneezeorcough.Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas100%.It'seasytobeinfectedwiththeH7N9virus.Howmanywaystostopthevirusarementionedinthepassage?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"resist"meaninChinese?A.抵抗 B.傳播 C.感染 D.消滅What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Ittellsushowtowashhands.Ittellsuswhyweshouldusemasks.Ittellsusnottotouchanimals.ItgivesussomeadviceonhowtoprotectourselveswhentheH7N9viruscomes.【答案】(1)ABBAD【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。經(jīng)常做運(yùn)動(dòng)。鍛煉會(huì)使你的身體足以抵御病毒。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Itseemedthatmostpeoplewhowereinfected(被感染)withH7N9hadthecommonflu可知，大多數(shù)感染H7N9的人都得了普通流感，故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題最好用排除法解題，A選項(xiàng)定位在第一段第二句和第三句，選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤在toothache,C選項(xiàng)定位倒數(shù)第二段的第二句，Somedoctorssaythatmaskscanstopthefluasmuchas80%,與選項(xiàng)Casmuchas80%不符合，故選B?(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干要求以及定位到第二段Hereissomeadvicetohelpyouprotectyourselfwhenitcomes.往下數(shù)，即可得出Washyourhands.Coveryournoseandmouth.Wearamask(口罩).Dosportsoften四種阻止病毒的方法，故選B。(4)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Exerciseswillhelpmakeyourbodystrongenoughtoresistthevirus.其中to表目的，鍛煉能夠有強(qiáng)壯的身體去抵抗病毒，也可用選項(xiàng)代入法解題，選取最符合文章邏輯的，故resist是抵抗的意思，故選A。(5)主旨題。根據(jù)本文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議：洗你的手。遮住你的鼻子和嘴。戴口罩。經(jīng)常做運(yùn)動(dòng)。鍛煉會(huì)使你的身體足以抵御病毒，可知短文就病毒H7N9發(fā)生時(shí)如何保護(hù)自己給我們提出了一些建議，故選Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。讀理解Oneday,afarmerwaswalkingalongaroadwithhissonThomas.Thefathersaid,"Look!There'sahorseshoe.Pickituparidputitinyourbag."Thomassaid."Itisn'tworth(值得)thetrouble."Hisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.Whentheygottoanearbytown,theyhadarest.Therethefarmersoldthehorseshoeandwiththefewpenniesheboughtsomecherries(櫻桃).Thefatherandthesoncontinuedtheirway.Thesunwaswellupinthesky,andtherewasn'tahouseorevenatreewheretheycouldhavearest.Thomasfelttoothirsty(口渴的)towalkon.Atthemoment,hislatherdroppedacherryonthegroundandThomaspickeditupquicklyandateit.Afterawhile,hisfatherdroppedanothercherryandonceagain,hissonpickeditupandputitinhismouth.Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.WhenThomashadcaught'upallthecherries,hisfathersaidtohim/'Mydearson,ifyouhadbent(彎腰)downinthebeginningtopickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn'thavebentsomanytimesforthecherries.Alwaysrememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hewillfinditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings."Whopickedupthecherriesontheground?A.Thomas.B.Thefarmer.C.Boththefatherandtheson.D.Nobody.Whenthesonrefusedtopickupthehorseshoe,thefather .A.didnothing B.saidnothing C.feltworried D.gotangryThefatherdroppedthecherryonebyone,because.hewantedtoteachhissonalessonhewantedhissontodomoreexercisehewantedhissontoeatthemallhewantedtopunishhissonfornotpickingupthehorseshoeatfirstFromthestory,wecanlearnthat.cherriesaresodeliciousthatmostpeoplelikeeatingthemahorseshoeissoexpensivethatitcanbringussomemoneywecan'tgetgreatthingsifweloselittlethingswecan'tdosomethinggreatifwedon'tworryaboutsomethinglittle【答案】(1)ABAD【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了發(fā)生在父子之間的故事，并且告訴我們一個(gè)道理：從小事做起才能夠成就大事。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.可知是農(nóng)民的兒子托馬斯撿起了地上的櫻桃，故答案是A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題,HHisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.可知，當(dāng)托馬斯拒絕撿起馬鏡的時(shí)候，他爸爸什么也沒有說，而是自己撿起來了，故答案是B。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Mydearson,ifyouhadbent(彎腰)downinthebeginningtopickupthathorseshoe,youwouldn*thavebentsomanytimesforthecherries.Alwaysrememberthislesson：Ifsomeonedon'tworryaboutthelittlethings,hew川finditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings.”可知，爸爸這樣做的目的是為了教訓(xùn)一下托馬斯，故答案是A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Ifsomeonedon*tworryaboutthelittlethings,hew川finditimpossibleforhimtodothegreatthings.”可知，如果過不關(guān)心小事,就難以成就大事,故答案是Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，本文主要涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，一般可以直接從文中找到答案或者解題依據(jù)。7.閱讀理解Inmodernsocietythereisalotofdisagreementaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisgoodforsocialprogress.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad.Itsetsonepersonagainstanother.Anditleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhobelievethattheirself-worthdependedonhowwelltheydidattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-anddeathmatters.Intheirsingle-mindeddreamofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualities(品質(zhì))issadlyforgotten.However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesire(渴望)tosucceed,otherstakeadifferentattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinners,theyarestronglyagainstcompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhoareundercompetitivepressures(壓力)fromtheirparentsorsociety.Theyarealwaystoldtobethetopones,buttheythinkit'sreallyhard.WhenIteachtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenfindtheminadesiretofail.Theyseemtosearchforfailure(失敗)bynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:"Imayhavelost,butitdoesn'tmatterbecauseIreallydidn'ttry.IfIhadtriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot."Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbelief.Theythinkone'sself-respectdependsonhowwellonedoescomparedwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisfearbeginstodissolve(7肖除)canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition,Whydosomepeoplewelcomecompetitionaccordingtothepassag?Itpushessocietyforward.Itimprovesone'sabilities.Itdevelopshumanqualities.Itbuildsupfriendlyrelationship.Theunderlinedphrase"themostvocal"inParagraph3means .thosewhotrytheirbesttowinthosewhovaluecompetitionmosthighlythosewhodependonothersmostforsuccessthosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststronglyWhichofthefollowingmaythewriteragreeto?Everyeffortshouldbepaidback.Competitionshouldbeencouraged.Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.Fearoffailureshouldbetakenawayincompetition.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.Competitionisbadforsocialdevelopment.Ideasaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.Failuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetition.【答案】(1)ADDC【解析】【分析】短文大意：人們對(duì)比賽的態(tài)度不一，很多孩子過于重視成功與失敗，以至于失去了其他人格品質(zhì)，一些人抵觸比賽，每次比賽失敗后，總是找出一個(gè)借口，作者呼吁應(yīng)該消除害怕失敗的情緒。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisgoodforsocialprogress可知，比賽促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步，故選A。(2)推斷題。根據(jù)文章提到的Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinners,theyarestronglyagainstcompetition可知，該詞組的意義為強(qiáng)烈抵觸比賽的這些人，故選D。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisfearbeginstodissolvecanwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition可知，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)害怕失敗的情緒應(yīng)該消除，故選D。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)文章主要介紹了人們對(duì)比賽態(tài)度不一，可知文章談?wù)摿岁P(guān)于比賽的想法，不同人的觀點(diǎn)不一樣，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8.閱讀理解Canyouswim?Doyoulikeswimming?Yes?Well,howcanyoulearntoswim?Ithinkthebestwayistogointothewaterandlearn.I'mafraidyou'llneverlearntoswimjustbyreadingbooksaboutswimmingorlookingatothersswimming.It'sthesamewiththeEnglishstudy.Wemustpractice,practiceandpractice.Listeningandspeakingareveryimportantforbeginners.EspeciallyforthechildreninEnglishspeakingcountries.First,listentoothers.Then,trytoimitateandspeak.WecanlistentoEnglishprogramsonradio.Youmayjustunderstandafewwords.Itdoesn'tmatter.Justberelaxed,trytocatcheveryword.Somebodymaybeagoodlistener.Buthedarenotspeak.He'safraidofmakingmistakes.YouknowwesometimesmakemistakeswhenwespeakChinese.Don'tbeafraid.Wemustbebrave.IfyoureallywanttolearnEnglishwell,youmusttrytospeakwitheveryoneaslongasheknowsEnglish.Whetheryouknowhimornotisnotimportant,whenthere'snobodytotalkwith,youcantalktoyourselfinEnglish.It'sinterestingandalsoagoodwaytopracticeyourspokenEnglish.Remember,themoreyouspeak,thefewermistakesyou'llmake.Readingandwritingaremoreimportantforseniorschoolstudents.Firstwemustchoosethebookswe'reinterestedin.Alotofreadingwillimproveyourlanguagesense.Thisisthemostimportant.KeepwritingEnglishdiaries.WecanalsowriteEnglisharticles.YoumayevenpostthemtoEnglishmagazines.Don'tbeafraidoffailure.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Easiersaidthandone.Well,let'sdomorepracticefromnowon.I'msureyou'lllearnEnglishwellinthisway.Youcanlearntoswimby.readingbooksaboutitlookingatothersswimminghavinglessonsonitgoingintotheriverandlearningWeshouldlearnEnglishby.A.listeningandspeakingB.readingandwritingC.bothAandBD.swimmingWhatwillyoudowithmistakeswhenyouspeak?A.Don'tmakemistakes.B.Studyhard.C.TrynottospeakEnglish.D.Don'tbeafraid.【答案】(1)DCD【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通過跟游泳的對(duì)比，給我們提出了如何提高英語的建議：寫作的有效辦法之一就是用英語寫日記；初學(xué)者要善于模仿；我們?cè)谥v英語的時(shí)候有時(shí)會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，不要害怕，我們必須勇敢；大量的閱讀會(huì)提高你的語感。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段howcanyoulearntoswim?Ithinkthebestwayistogointothewaterandlearn.你怎么能學(xué)游泳？我想最好的辦法是下水學(xué)。可知最好的方法是去水里學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Listeningandspeakingareveryimportantforbeginners和第四段Readingandwritingaremoreimportantforseniorschoolstudents的描述，聽和說對(duì)初學(xué)者很重要，第四段讀和寫對(duì)高中生更重要?？芍獙W(xué)好英語就應(yīng)該通過聽說和讀寫來進(jìn)行。故選Co(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段He'safraidofmakingmistakes.YouknowwesometimesmakemistakeswhenwespeakChinese.Don'tbeafraid.Wemustbebrave.他害怕犯錯(cuò)。你知道我們說中文時(shí)有時(shí)會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。別害怕。我們必須勇敢?？芍覀儾荒芎ε路稿e(cuò)誤，故選Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解能力。首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據(jù)問題在文章中找到依據(jù)，選出正確答案，注意閱讀方法的運(yùn)用。.閱讀理解InJanuary,2017,aChinese"diplomat(外交官)"camebacktoChinafromtheUnitedStates.ManyUSpeoplewereattheairportandsaidgoodbyetoher.Whoisthediplomat?Sheisa3-year-oldpandacalledBaoBao.BaoBaowasbornattheNationalZooinWashingtonD.C.,theUSin2013.HerparentsareTianTianandMeiXiang.ChinasentthemtotheUSin2000."WehavewatchedBaoBaogrowupduringthepastthreeyears,"saidDennisKelly,thezoodirector."We'regoingtomisshersomuch."WhydoesBaoBaohavetocomebacktoChina?It'sbecauseallthepandasborninforeigncountriesmustcomebacktoChinabeforetheyturn4.ThisisanagreementbetweenChinaandothercountries.BaoBaospentabout16hoursontheplanehome.Azookeeperandadoctorstayedwithheralongtheway.Thezooalsoputbamboo,apples,biscuits,potatoesandwaterontheplane.Now,BaoBaoishappyathernewhomeinChengdu,SichuanProvince.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutBaoBao?A.ManyUSpeoplecametoseeheroff.C.ShetravelledtotheUSin2013.A.ManyUSpeoplecametoseeheroff.C.ShetravelledtotheUSin2013.Accordingtotheagreement,BaoBaoA.comebacktoChinaC.movetoanotherUScityHowdidBaoBaocomehome?A.Bytruck. B.Byship.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?Thepanda'slifeintheUnitedStates.C.Alittlepandacomesbackhome.【答案】(1)ASheis17yearsold.D.ShewasborninChengdu,China.hasto_beforeshe'aroundtheUSD.makefriendswithapandaBytrain. D.Byplane.B.AllpandasbelongtoChina.Pandasplayabigpartintheworld.ADC【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了中國(guó)的一個(gè)叫寶寶的友誼使者從美國(guó)返回中國(guó)的故事。(1)判斷正誤題,根據(jù)ManyUSpeoplewereattheairportandsaidgoodbyetoher.可知有很多美國(guó)人來跟熊貓寶寶送行，故答案是A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)It'sbecauseallthepandasborninforeigncountriesmustcomebacktoChinabeforetheyturn4.ThisisanagreementbetweenChinaandothercountries.可知，協(xié)議規(guī)定，在外國(guó)出生的熊貓4歲之前必須回歸中國(guó)。故答案是A。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)BaoBaospentabout16hoursontheplanehome,可知寶寶是坐飛機(jī)回家的，故答案是D。(4)主旨大意題，文章主要講述熊貓寶寶回家的故事。故答案是C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本題涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)題，正誤判斷題和主旨大意題，細(xì)節(jié)題和正誤判斷題都是、可直接從文中找到答案。主旨大意題則需要在充分理解課文的基礎(chǔ)上才能正確作答。.閱讀理解Rockclimbingdidnotbecomeasportuntillateinthe1900s.Butnowithasbecomeapopularoutdooractivity.Whilerockclimbingmaystillbenecessaryformountainclimbingmostpeoplejustclimblowhillsforfun.Ifyouhaveeverdonerockclimbing,youwillknowthatitisnotaveryeasysport.Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingbothneedpracticemostpeopledon'tknowthatrockclimbingsportsthatdependonyourbodyandmind.Toclimbsuccessfully,onemustusewonderfulskills.Oneoftheimportantrulesistoalwayshavethreepartsofyourbodyontherockface.Anotherimportantruleisthatyourarmsonlyholdyouclosetotherockfacewhileyourlegsarepushingyouup,thecloseryouaretotherockface,theeasieritistoclimb.Rockclimbingisawonderfulsport.Onceyoustarttolearnhowtoclimb,you'llfindmoreTu.Peoplewholikegamessuchaschessplayingorproblem-solvingmayloverockclimbingbecausetheyarenearlythesameinthewayofthinking.Foranyonewhowantstogetintobeautifulshape,rockclimbingisafunandgoodway.Anyonewhoenjoysadifficultgameandlovestheoutdoorsshouldthinkoftakingrockclimbingasanewhobby.Whendidrockclimbingbecomeasport?A.In1900.B.Lateinthe1900s.C.Earlyinthe1900s.D.Inthemiddleofthe1900s.Whatdoesrockclimbingdependon?A.Itdependsonyourbrain. B.Itdependsonyourhobby.C.Itdependsonyourinterests. D.Itdependsonyourbodyandmind.Whymaythechessplayerslikerockclimbing?A.Theyreallyliketodosports. B.They'dliketogetintobeautifulshape.C.Itismoreinterestingthanchessplaying.D.Itislikechessplayinginthewayofthinking.Whoshouldthinkoftakingrockclimbingasanewhobby?Peoplewholovemusic.PeoplewholovedancingPeoplewhoenjoyindooractivities.Peoplewhoenjoyadifficultgameandlovetheoutdoors.(5)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Rockclimbingisaveryeasysport.Whenyouclimb,yourarmspushyouup.Rockclimbingisakindofindoorandoutdooractivity.Thecloseryouaretotherockface,themoredifficultitistoclimb.【答案】(1)BDDDC【解析】【分析】主要講了一項(xiàng)受歡迎的戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)一一攀巖，及攀巖的規(guī)則。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Rockclimbingdidnotbecomeasportuntillateinthe1900s.可知攀巖直到20世紀(jì)末的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，故選B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)mostpeopledon'tknowthatrockclimbingsportsthatdependonyourbodyandmind.可知大部分人不知道攀巖依靠身心，故選D。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Peoplewholikegamessuchaschessplayingorproblem-solvingmayloverockclimbingbecausetheyarenearlythesameinthewayofthinking.可知喜歡像下象棋或者解決問題游戲的人喜愛攀巖，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谒伎挤绞缴蠋缀跻粯?，故選D。(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Anyonewhoenjoysadifficultgameandlovestheoutdoorsshouldthinkoftakingrockclimbingasanewhobby.可知喜歡困難的游戲和喜歡戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的人把攀巖看做是一種新愛好，故選Do(5)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingbothneedpractice可知戶內(nèi)和戶外攀巖都需要練習(xí)，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。11.閱讀理解Winteriscoldinsomeplaces.Manyplantsdonotgrowduringwinter.Someplantsdie.Snowandicemaycoverthegrou