英語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別

英語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別英語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別英語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別xxx公司英語動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞用法的區(qū)別動詞的-ing形式按功能可分為動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。動詞的-ing形式何時為動名詞，何時為現(xiàn)在分詞。首先，我們要從概念上區(qū)分。動詞的-ing形式在起名詞作用時，稱為動名詞；用作形容詞或副詞時，稱為現(xiàn)在分詞。其次，我們要從用法方面區(qū)分動詞的-ing形式是動名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞。一、動詞的-ing形式用作主語時為動名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞不可以用作主語。1．動名詞用作主語.ReadingFrenchiseasierthanspeakingit.閱讀法文比講法語容易。Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.和他說話等于對牛彈琴。Smokingcancausecancer.吸煙會致癌。Growingrosesisherhobby.種玫瑰是她的愛好。2．有時it作形式主語，把動名詞主語放在句子后面It’sniceseeingyouagain.再次見到你太好了。Itwastiringdrivingfrommorningtillnight.從早到晚開車很累人。It’sawondermeetingyouhere.在這里碰到你真是奇跡。Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook.看那本書是浪費時間。3.“Thereis+no”后可以用動名詞作主語Therewasnoknowingwhathecoulddo.他能做什么很難說。Therewasnoarguingwithher.沒法和她爭論。二、動詞的-ing形式用作賓語時為動名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞不可以用作賓語。1．有許多動詞可接動名詞作賓語Isuggestedbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建議結(jié)束會議。Soyoupreferlivingabroad這樣說你更愿意住在國外

Hekeptcomplaining.他不停地抱怨。Ifinishedreadingthebooklastnight.這書我昨晚看完了。2．有許多帶介詞的動詞固定搭配接動名詞作賓語Hehasgivenupplayingfootball.他現(xiàn)在不踢足球了。Priceskeeponincreasing.價格不斷上漲。三、當動詞的-ing形式用作狀語時為現(xiàn)在分詞，動名詞不可以用作狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語可以用作狀語，表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。其動作可能發(fā)生在謂語之前或之后，也可能與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.我們爬到塔頂后，看到了一片壯麗的景象。（表時間）Livinginthecountry,wehadfewsocialengagements.我們住在鄉(xiāng)下，交際的機會很少。（表原因）Havingmoney,hewillbuyabiggercar.（表條件）Knowingthesecret,shewouldnottellmeaboutit..（表讓步）Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.那孩子跌倒了，頭碰在門上碰破了.（表結(jié)果）Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.他靠墻站著.（表方式或伴隨情況）四、動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作表語，當動詞的-ing的作用相當于名詞時為動名詞。當動詞的-ing的作用相當于形容詞時，動詞的-ing為現(xiàn)在分詞。1．動名詞用作表語Herhobbyispainting.她的愛好是繪畫。Herjobwastendingthesheep.她的工作是放羊。Themainthingisgettingthereintime.首要的事是及時到達那里。2．現(xiàn)在分詞用作表語Thenewsisencouraging.這消息令人鼓舞。Thisstoryisveryinteresting.這個故事很有趣。Thedaywassocharming.天氣真是好極了。Thedifferencewasmoststriking.差別很明顯。五、動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語現(xiàn)在分詞表示其所修飾的名詞的動作，即:現(xiàn)在分詞與其所修飾的名詞在邏輯上具有主謂關(guān)系。通常能改為一個定語從句。動名詞則表示其修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)，或用途或功能.兩者在邏輯上無主謂關(guān)系。因此，只能改為一個for加動名詞的短語。1．動名詞作定語，動名詞表性質(zhì)或用途或功能。swimmingpool游泳池drinkingwater飲用水swimmingsuit游泳衣waitingroom候車室sleepingbag睡袋parkinglot停車場sleepingpill安眠藥writingdesk寫字桌sewingmachine縫紉機writingpaper信紙operatingtable手術(shù)室checkingaccount活期賬戶divingsuit潛水衣readingroom閱覽室divingboard跳板playingground運動場washingmachine洗衣機boxingcompetition拳擊比賽washingpowder洗衣粉speakingcontest演講比賽fishingpole釣魚桿fishingline釣魚線2．現(xiàn)在分詞作定語developingcountries發(fā)展中國家aboomingtown日漸繁榮的城鎮(zhèn)growingdoubts越來越大的懷疑theexistingcondition現(xiàn)有條件theremainingdays剩下的歲月lastingpeace持久的和平afallingstar流星theleadingnewspapers主要報紙therulingclass統(tǒng)治階級livingthings有生命的東西theageingpopulation老化的人口therisinggeneration成長的一代六、動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作補語，但現(xiàn)在分詞用作賓語補語時，與前面的賓語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。具有這種復(fù)合賓語的動詞多為表示感覺的動詞，如：smell,observe,watch,notice,lookat,listento等。另外，有些使役動詞如have,set,get,catch,keep,leave等可以后面接含有現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合賓語。還有，作為賓語補語的現(xiàn)在分詞有時前面可有as，前面的動詞多用regard,consider,describe,see,thinkof等?，F(xiàn)在分詞用作主語補語，多用在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中，與主語構(gòu)成復(fù)合主語。而動名詞作補語對相應(yīng)的動詞卻沒這些規(guī)定。1．動名詞用作補語IcallthisrobbingPetertopayPaul.我管這叫做拆東墻補西墻。（robbing是賓語補語）Thisiscalledturningthingsupsidedown.這叫做把事物顛倒了。（turning是主語補語）2．現(xiàn)在分詞用作補語Wefoundhimwaitingtoreceiveus.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他等著歡迎我們。Wekeptthefireburningallthetime.我們使火一直燃燒著。Theydescribedtheyoungmanashavinginitiativeanddrive.他們說這青年積極肯干。Hewasseengoingupstairs.有人看見他上樓?，F(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞練習（1）現(xiàn)在分詞1.Theoldfarmer,________thebadly-injuredandwoundedsoldier,cameoutoftheburninghouse,________forhelp.A.supporting;calling B.supportedby;calledC.beingsupportedby;called D.beingsupporting;called

2.---Oh,it’salreadyaquarterpastsix.Whatshallwedoatthemeetingthisevening

----We’llgoonwiththematter________thisafternoon.

A.bediscussed

B.beingdiscussingC.discussed

D.whichdiscussed

3.Thebravemandied,________hisyoungwifenothingbuta________cottage.

A.left;breaking

B.leaving;broken

C.left;broken

D.toleave;breaking

4.________hardbefore,Tomisafraidoffailingintheexam.

A.Havingbeenworked

B.Nottohaveworked

C.Havingneverworked

D.Neverhaveworked

5.________theexam,theboywaspunishedbyhisfather.

A.Nopassing

B.Havingpassed

C.Notpassing

D.Nothavingpassed

6.Time________,Icanhavedoneitbetter.

A.permit

B.bepermitted

C.permitting

D.topermit

7.________,theboycouldn’tenterhishouse.

A.Sincethekeyhaslost

B.Thekeybeenlost

C.Lostthekey

D.Havinglostthekey

8.________intomanylanguages,thestoryiswellknownallovertheworldnow.

A.Beingtranslated

B.Havingtranslated

C.Tobetranslated

D.Havingbeentranslated

9.________fortheterribleaccident,asthepublicthought,themayorfeltnervousandwasatalosswhattodo.A.Havingblamed

B.Toblame

C.Beingtobeblame

D.Beingtoblame

10.________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.Suffered

B.Tosuffer

C.Havingsuffered

D.Beingsuffered

11.________fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.

A.Judging

B.Judged

C.Tojudge

D.Judge

12.________withfright,ahungryfoxhidhimselfinasmallcave,________histailtotherain.A.Trembling;exposing

B.Trembled;exposedC.Trembled;exposing

D.Trembling;exposed

13.Manyteacherswerepraisedatthemeeting,Mr.Zhou________.

A.including

B.beingincluding

C.toinclude

D.included

14.----Whowerethosepeoplewiththeflags

----Agroup________itselftheLeagueofPeace.

A.calls

B.calling

C.called

D.beingcalled

15.________youthetruth,sheknowsnothingaboutit.

A.Tell

B.Telling

C.Totell

D.Told

16.Wesleptwiththelight________allnightlonglastnight.

A.burnt

B.toburn

C.beingburnt

D.burning

17.Lindacan’tattendtheparty________atTom’shouseatpresentbecausesheispreparingaspeechfortheparty________atMarie’shousetomorrow.

A.beingheld;tobeheld

B.tobeheld;held

C.held;beingheld

D.tobeheld;tobeheld

18.Thesituationismore________thanever.I’m________aboutwhattodonext.

A.puzzled;puzzledB.puzzling;puzzling

C.puzzling;puzzledD.puzzled;puzzling

19.When________thatitwasgettinglate,Iputoffthelightandwenttobed.

A.findB.findingC.foundD.tofind

20.________hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.

A.HearingB.Havingheard

C.Whenhearing

D.Whensheheard

21.Daddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,_______fun.A.had

B.have

C.tohave

D.having

22.Don'tleavethewater_____whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.run

B.running

C.beingrun

D.torun

23.Thepicture_________onthewallispaintedbymynephew.

A.havinghung

B.hanging

C.hangs

D.beinghung

24.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.

A.goingon

B.goeson

C.wenton

D.togoon

25.______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.Beingseparated

B.Havingseparated

C.Havingbeenseparated

D.Tobeseparated

26.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.A.

smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked

27.HesentmeanE-mail,_______togetfurtherinformation.

A.hoped

B.hoping

C.tohope

D.hopekey:1-5.ACBCD6-10CDDDC11-15AADBC16-20DACBD21-27DBBACBB（2）動名詞

1.Nooneenjoys_______at.

A.laughingB.tolaugh

C.beinglaughedD.tobelaughed

2.Youmustdosomethingtopreventyourhouse_______

.

A.tobebrokeninB.frombeingbrokenin

C.tobreakinD.frombreakingin

3.Theyinsistedon_______anotherchancetotry.

A.givenB.givingC.beinggivenD.tobegiven

4.—Whereismypassport

Iremember_______ithere.

—Youshouldn'thaveleftithere.Remember_______itwithyouallthetime.

A.toput;totakeB.putting;takingC.putting;totakeD.toput;taking

5.Hisroomneeds_______,sohemusthaveit.

A.painting;paintedB.painted;painting

C.painting;paintingD.painted;painted

6.Afterfinishinghishomeworkhewenton_______alettertohisparents.

A.writeB.writingC.wroteD.towrite

7.Theyoungtreesweplantedlastweekrequire_______withgreatcare.

A.lookingafterB.tolookafterC.tobelookedafterD.takengoodcareof

8.Only_______Englishdoesn'tmean_______thelanguage.

A.tolearn;tolearn

B.learning;learning

C.learningabout;learn

D.learningabout;learning

9.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething_______.

A.missedB.tobemissing

C.missing

D.tobemissed

10.Shedecidedtodevoteherself_______theproblemofoldage.

A.tostudy

B.studying

C.tostudying

D.study

11.Remember_______thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.

A.puttingbackB.putback

C.toputbackD.beputback

12.Assheislookingforwardto_______fromme,pleaseremember______thisletteronyourwaytoschool.

A.hear;post

B.hearing;topostC.beheard;postingD.behearing;toposting

13.Grandmasaidthatshehadalotoftrouble_______yourhandwriting.

A.toreadB.toseeC.readingC.inseeing

14.Writingstoriesandarticles_______whatIenjoymost.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

15.Weappreciate_______ustotheball.

A.themtoinviteB.toinvite

C.theirinvitingD.beinginvited

16.Wouldyoumind_______quietforamoment

I'mtrying_______aform.

A.keeping;fillingout

B.tokeep;tofillout

C.keeping;tofillout

D.tokeep;fillingout

17.Hewasafraid_______forbeinglate.

A.ofseeingB.ofbeingseen

C.tobeseenD.tohaveseen

18.I'dliketosuggest_______themeetingtillnextweek.

A.toputoff

B.puttingoff

C.putoffD.tobeputoff

19.Idon'tseehowIcouldpossiblymanage_______theworkwithout.A.finish;helping

B.tofinish;beinghelped

C.finishing;helping

D.finishing;beinghelped

20.Anythingworth_______isworthyof_______well.

A.doing;beingdone

B.doing;doing

C.tobedone;tobedone

D.tobedone;beingdone

21.Weadvisedthemtotakearest,buttheyinsisted_______thework.

A.finishB.tofinishC.infinishingD.onfinishing

22.Idelayed_______yourletterbecaus