英語單詞的重音規(guī)則

英語單詞的重音規(guī)則英語單詞的重音規(guī)則英語單詞的重音規(guī)則xxx公司英語單詞的重音規(guī)則文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度七大特殊單詞重音規(guī)則1.英語中派生詞的重音和詞根重音一致。派生詞就是一些有同樣詞根的詞。比如：act,active,activelycom'parecom'parison2.帶有下列后綴的詞：-ary,-ery,-ory,-ism,-ist,-mony,-ment,-ary等，重音通常在第一個音節(jié)上。例如：customaryscientistslaveryfactoryrealism3.帶下列前綴的詞：a-,ab-,ac-,ad-,al-,be-,con-,de-,dis-,em-,en-,in-,mis-,re-,tans-,un-重音通常在第二音節(jié)上。例如：a'boutab'duceac'cedead'mirebe'longcon'sultde'tectdis'like4.帶下列后綴的詞：-aim,-ain,-cur,-eem,-duce,-ere,-firm,-gn,-oin,-oke,-ose,-pt,-rce,-self,-ume重音通常在第二音節(jié)。containoccursinceredesignconfirm5.帶下列后綴的詞：-ade,-ain,-ee,-eer,-esque,-ette,-ique,-ine,-oon重音通常在最后一個音節(jié)。這些詞一般都是從法語中借來的詞。例如：emplo'yeean'tiquemaga'zineci'garvolun'teergaso'line6.帶下列后綴的詞：-eous,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ient,-ion,-ious,-ish,-it,-liar,-sive,-tal,-uous重音通常在倒數(shù)第二音節(jié)上。例如：oc'casionre'lationas'tonishde'positmu'sician但是有些派生詞，比如從名詞派生出來的形容詞，它的重音就得發(fā)生變化，通常是后移。例如：'sciencescien'tific'accidentacci'dental'democratdemo'cratic'politicspo'litical其實，英語詞匯的重音位置通常是有規(guī)律的。例如：有些雙音節(jié)詞匯做名詞時重音往往落在首音節(jié)上；而做動詞時，重音就落在第二音節(jié)上了。這些詞匯常見的有：addict，accent，abstract，annex等?？梢姡莆蘸貌⒆x準(zhǔn)單詞的重音有一定的規(guī)律可循。為了便于記憶和學(xué)習(xí)，現(xiàn)將部分規(guī)則按重音位置和字母順序作如下歸納，并從理論上進(jìn)行簡要分析。一、歸類部分．重音落在末音節(jié)的字母組合①以-ee結(jié)尾，讀音為/i:/的詞匯：appelleechimpanzeeconfereecontesteedecreedraweeevacueeem-ployeegoateegrandeeguaranteeindicteeinductee②以-act結(jié)尾，讀音為/aekt/的詞匯，多為動詞：contactcontractdetractdistractexactenactintactinteract③-air，-aire或-are結(jié)尾，讀音為/e?/的：affairconcessionaireenclairmillionaireawareprepare④以-ade結(jié)尾，讀音為/eid/的詞匯：arcadebrigadecolonnadeescaladeescapade（exception：decade）⑤以-ane結(jié)尾，讀音為/ein/的詞匯：inaneinsaneprofanehumane⑥以-ceive結(jié)尾，讀音為/si:v/的動詞：conceivedeceiveperceivereceive⑦以-duce結(jié)尾，讀音為/dju:s/的詞匯：conducededuceinduceintroducereducereproducesubducetraduceseduce⑧以-ease結(jié)尾，讀音為/zi:z/或/zi:s/的詞匯：appeasedeceasedecreasediseaseincreasepredeceasereleasesub-leasesurcease⑨以-een結(jié)尾，讀音為/i:n/的名詞：colleencanteenpretteenSalweenshagreenthirteenspalpeenvelevteenyestreen⑩以-eer結(jié)尾，讀音為/ni?/的名詞：cannoneercompeerdomineerengineerfronteergadgeteergazetterpamphleteerpatrioteer(11)以-ect結(jié)尾，讀音為/ekt/的動詞：affectbisectcollectdefectdirectdetectcorrectconfectconnectdisinfectejectelect(12)以-ede結(jié)尾，讀音為/i:d/的動詞：accedeantecedeconcedeimpedeintercedeprecederecederetrocedesecedesupercede(13)以-end結(jié)尾，讀音為/end/的動詞：attendamendcommendcomprehendcontenddefenddependextendintendrepresendsubtend(14)以-el結(jié)尾，讀音為/el/的詞匯：compelimpelNobelmarcelpropelrebel（v．）(15)以-ert結(jié)尾，讀音為/?:t/的詞匯：assertconcertconvertdesertintrovertsubvert(16)以-ese結(jié)尾，讀/i:s/或/i:z/的詞匯：ChineseJapaneseNapalesesudanesetelegraphesevietnamese(17)以-clude結(jié)尾，讀音為/klu:d/的動詞：concludeexcludeincludeoccludeprecludeseclude(18)以-esce結(jié)尾，讀音為/es/的詞匯：coalescedeliquesceeffloresceevanescerecrudesce(19)以-ess結(jié)尾，讀音為/es/的動詞：compressconfessdepressexpressimpressprofessredressrepresssuppresstransgress若不是動詞，以-ess結(jié)尾，的詞匯之重音位置不固定：'progress'congresspro'cessun'less(20)以-est結(jié)尾，讀音為/est/的動詞：adjestcongestcontestdigestinfestprotestsuggest(21)以-ette結(jié)尾，讀音為/et/的詞匯：cassettecigarettebrunettecoquettechemisetteforssettefrisettegazettegrisette(22)以-form結(jié)尾，讀音為/f?:m/的動詞：conformperformreformtransform（但uniform是名詞）(23)以-ict結(jié)尾，讀音為/ikt/的動詞：afflictconflictconstrictcontradictinflictpredictrestric(24)以-ide結(jié)尾，讀音為/aid/的詞匯：asideastridebesideconfidedivideprovideresidesubside(25)以-ign結(jié)尾，讀音為/ain/的動詞：assigncondigndesignconsignresign(26)以-ire結(jié)尾，讀音為/ai?/的動詞：conspireesquireexpiredesireinquireinspirerequirerespire(27)以-lapse結(jié)尾，讀音為/aeps/的詞匯：collapseprolapserelapse(28)以-mit結(jié)尾，讀音為/mit/的詞匯：admitcommitdemitemitintermitomitpermitpretermitremitsubmittransmit（若是名詞，重音落在首音節(jié)，如：'limit'summit'vomit）(29)以-ort結(jié)尾，讀音為/?:t/的動詞：disportdistortescortexportimportreportretortsupporttrans-port（若是名詞，重音多落在首音節(jié)：escortexportimportbistortpurport等。）(30)以-ore結(jié)尾，讀音為/?:/的詞匯：aforebeforedeploreexplorerestore(31)以-pose結(jié)尾，讀音為/p?uz/、/p?us/的動詞：deposedecomposeexposeimposeinterposeopposeindisposepredis-poseproposesuppose(32)以-scribe結(jié)尾，讀音為/skraib/的詞匯：conscribedescribeescribeprescribesubscribetranscribe(33)以-scend結(jié)尾，讀音為/send/的詞匯：ascendcondescenddescendtranscend(34)以-oon結(jié)尾，讀音為/u:n/的詞匯：afternoonballoonbuffooncartooncocoondecocoondragoonfestoongalloonoctoroonpocaroon（exception：forenoon）(35)以-que結(jié)尾，讀音為/k/的詞匯：antiqueboutiqueblottesqueburlesquearabesquecaciquecritiquegrotesqueJapanesquemystique(36)以-r結(jié)尾，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞均要雙寫r（-red，-ring）：demurincurinterinferoccurpreferrecurrefertransfer(37)以-uct結(jié)尾，讀音為/akt/的詞匯：conductconstructdeductinstructobstructproduct(38)以-ult結(jié)尾，讀音為/alt/的詞匯：consultexultinsultoccultmidcultresult(39)以-ume結(jié)尾，讀音為/ju:m/的詞匯：assumeconsumeperfumepresumesubsume(40)以-use結(jié)尾，讀音為/ju:s/或/ju:z/的詞匯：accuseconfuseexcuseperfuserefusesuffusetransfuse(41)以-ure結(jié)尾，讀音為/ju?/的詞匯：accureimpureimmureinsecureinsureinurematureobscureper-dureprocuresecure（exceptions：'epicure'manicure）2．重音落在倒數(shù)第二個音節(jié)的字母組合：①以-ial結(jié)尾，讀音為/??l/、/i?l/或/j?l/的詞匯：/??l/：confidentialdecrialexistentialimpartialinferentialinffluentialinitialprejudicialsacrificialsubstantial/i?l/：authorialbimestrialcolloquialgressorialmaterialmercurialministerialmotorialpictorialprefatorialtectorialvisitorial/j?l/：antimonialbicentennialcolonial②以-ian結(jié)尾，讀音為/??n/、/i?n+n/、/j+n/的詞匯：/??n/：academicianarithmeticianacousticianelectricianEurasianLin-guisticianmusicianPersianpoliticianpractician/i?n/、/j?n/：CantabrigiancollegianColombianhistorianrosariansalu-tatoriansubclavian③以-ia結(jié)尾，讀音為/j?/的詞匯：國名、地名：AustraliaEthiopiaIndonesiaMalaysiaMauritaniaRoma-nia醫(yī)學(xué)：abuliaachromatopsiaacidemiaacrophobiaaerophobiabilharziainsomnia其他：academiaacediacryptomeriarazziaencyclopedia④以-ic結(jié)尾，讀音為/ik/偶或包括以-ics結(jié)尾的詞匯：atomaticatmosphericautarkicautographicballisticclimaticcosmeticentericepidemic⑤以-ior結(jié)尾，讀音為/i+/的詞匯，形容詞居多：inferiorjuniorposteriorpriorseniorsuperiorulterior⑥以-it結(jié)尾，讀音為/it/的詞匯：cohabitdemeritdiscreditdiscomfitdecrepitdepositexplicitdispiritdisinheritinspiritinheritinhabitinhibitreposittransitvisit⑦以-scence（n．）或-scent（adj）結(jié)尾：acescenceacquiescencedeliquescenceconvalescenceevanescenceobso-lescencereminiscencerenascencedecrescentmarcescentpubescentre-crudescentquiescentresipiscentsuffrutescent⑧以-ion或-sion結(jié)尾：accusaionabolitionconfusionexplosiondecisionimpressionpersua-sionexcitationsuggestioninvitation3．重音落在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)的字母組合：①以-fy結(jié)尾，讀音為/fai/的動詞：acidifyidentifyintensifyemulsifylapidifypersonifyqualifymodifyprettifysimplifytransmogrify②以-ical結(jié)尾，讀音為/ikl/的詞匯：academicalchemicalelectricalpoliticalperiodicalencyclicalteleologi-calinimicaltheoreticaltechnological③以-icide結(jié)尾，讀音為/isaid/的詞匯：suicideaborticideacaricidefoeticidefratricideherbicideinfanticideliberticideuxoricide④以-itude結(jié)尾，讀音為/itju:d/的詞匯：attitudedecrepitudeinfinitudelassitudelatitudeplatitude⑤以-ity結(jié)尾，讀音為/iti/的詞匯：abilitycuriositycivilityfacilityfragilityopportunitypersonalitypossibilitysensitivitysimplicityspecialityutilityvanitywhimsicality⑥以-graph或-phy結(jié)尾，讀音為/gr?f/或/fi/的詞匯：aerographybibliographybiographycalli