0181《語言學(xué)導(dǎo)論》 在線作業(yè)及參考答案

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！第1批作業(yè)[單選題]Whenlanguageisusedforestablishinganatmosphereormaintainingsocialcontactratherthanforexchanginginformationorideas,itservesa_____function.A:expressiveB:evocativeC:performativeD:phatic參考答案：D[判斷題]ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[單選題]_____isthestudyofmeaninginlanguage.A:SyntaxB:AppliedlinguisticsC:MorphologyD:Semantics參考答案：D[單選題]By_____,wemeanlanguagecanrefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.A:culturaltransmissionB:interchangeabilityC:displacementD:creativity參考答案：C[單選題]WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE:A:Languageisjustforcommunication.B:Languageisoneofmanywaysinwhichweexperiencetheworld.C:Languageisasignsystem.D:Languageisarbitraryandconventional.參考答案：A[單選題]Ofthefollowingsounds,______isaroundedvowel.A:[au]B:[u:]C:[ju:]D:[e]參考答案：B[單選題]Thereare______morphemesintheword"policemen".A:twoB:threeC:fourD:five參考答案：B[單選題]Thesyllabicstructureoftheword"children"is______.A:CVCCVCB:CCVCCCVCC:CCVCCVCD:CVVCCVC參考答案：A[單選題]_____areproducedwhenthenasalpassageisopenedbyloweringthesoftpalateantthebackofthethroatandtheairisallowedtopassthroughit.A:Semi-vowelsB:AffricatesC:NasalsD:Glides參考答案：C[單選題]_____studiesthechangesinlanguageandlanguageusewithrespecttosocialfactors.A:SociolinguisticsB:ComparativelinguisticsC:SyntaxD:Computationallinguistics參考答案：A[單選題]A______isanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichanaffixcadded.A:rootB:freemorphemeC:stemD:suffix參考答案：C[單選題]Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsdoesnotaccountfortheprimacyofspeechoverwritinginlinguisticanalysis?_______A:Speechexistedlongbeforewritingsystemscameintobeing.B:Speechismorecomplexthanwriting.C:Geneticallychildrenlearntospeakbeforelearningtowrite.D:Writtenformsjustrepresentinthiswayorthatthespeechsounds.參考答案：B[單選題]Foreignlanguagelearners'errorsmaybecausedby________.A:borrowingpatternsfromthemothertongueB:extendingpatternsformthetargetlanguage,e.g.byanalogyC:expressingmeaningsusingthewordsandgrammarwhicharealreadyknownD:alltheabovethree參考答案：D[單選題]Languageservesthe________functionwhenitisusedtoexpressthespeaker'sfeelingorattitudeortoarouseacertainfeelingorattitudeinthehearer.A:phaticB:informativeC:emotiveD:directive參考答案：C[單選題]Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.A：FalseB：True參考答案：B[判斷題]Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[單選題]Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe______.A：prescriptiveB：analyticC：descriptiveD：linguistic參考答案：C[單選題]Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas_____.A：primaryB：betterC：secondaryD：unchangeable參考答案：C[單選題]Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetween_____andmeanings.A：senseB：soundsC：objectsD：ideas參考答案：B[單選題]Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?A：ArbitrarinessB：DisplacementC：DualityD：Meaningfulness參考答案：D[判斷題]Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.參考答案：正確[單選題]Thebranchoflinguisticstudycalled_____isconcernedwithhowspeakersusethesentencesofalanguagetoachieveeffectiveandsuccessfulcommunication.A:sociolinguisticsB:pragmaticsC:syntaxD:computationallinguistics參考答案：B第2批作業(yè)[判斷題]Aperson'ssocialbackgroundsdonotexertashapinginfluenceonhischoiceoflinguisticfeatures.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Componentialanalysisisawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Thestandardlanguageisabetterlanguagethannonstandardlanguages.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Derivationreferstotheprocessbywhichnewwordsareformedbytheadditionofaffixestotheroots,stems,orwords.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformanceisproposedbyHalliday.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Bilingualismanddiglossiameanthesamething.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Hyponymyreferstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthecontextofuseisconsidered.參考答案：正確[判斷題]“alive”and“dead”arecomplementaryantonyms.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Languageusevariesfromonespeechcommunitytoanother,fromoneregionalgrouptoanother,fromonesocialgrouptoanother,andevenfromoneindividualtoanother.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Bothsemanticsandpragmaticsstudyhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunication.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Somelanguagesareinferior,orsuperior,tootherlanguages.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Forthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccursspontaneouslyandrequireslittleconsciousinstructiononthepartofadults.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Observationsofchildrenindifferentlanguageareasoftheworldrevealthatthedevelopmentalstagesaresimilar,possiblyuniversal,whateverthenatureoftheinput.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Pidginsarelinguisticallyinferiortostandardlanguages.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]Thekindofnameortermspeakersusetocallorrefertosomeonemayindicatesomethingoftheirsocialrelationshiptoorpersonalfeelingsaboutthatindividual.參考答案：正確[判斷題]“Smog”isawordformedbytheword-formingprocesscalledacronymy.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤[判斷題]TheCooperativePrincipleisadvancedbyPaulGrice.參考答案：正確[判斷題]Twospeakersofthesamelanguageordialectusetheirlanguageordialectinthesameway.參考答案：錯(cuò)誤第3批作業(yè)[填空題]The_______relationisarelationholdingbetweenelementsreplaceablewitheachotherataparticularplaceinastructure,orbetweenoneelementpresentandtheothersabsent.參考答案：paradigmatic[填空題]"PoorJohn"and"ranaway"arethe_____constituentsofthesentence"PoorJohnranaway".參考答案：immediate[填空題]MichaelA.K.Hallidayhasdevelopedthe______grammar.參考答案：systemic-functional[填空題]Thetransformational-generativegrammarwasproposedbytheAmericanlinguistNoam______.參考答案：Chomsky[填空題]Theword"brunch"isformedbywayof_____from"breakfast"and"lunch".參考答案：blending[填空題]_______isthestudyoftehformationofsentencesinalanguage.參考答案：Syntax[填空題]____isthesmallestunitoflanguageintermsofrelationshipbetweenexpressionandcontent.參考答案：Morpheme[填空題]A____isanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichanaffixcanbeadded.參考答案：stem[填空題]Morphemesthatmayconstitutewordsbythemselvesare______.參考答案：freemorphemes[填空題]A____isthebaseformofawordthatcannotfurtherbeanalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.參考答案：root[填空題]______affixesdonotchangethewordclassofthewordtheyattachto.參考答案：Inflectional[填空題]"WTO"isanTradeOrganization".參考答案：acronym第4批作業(yè)______madeupfromtehfirstlettersofthenameoftheorganization"World[判斷題]Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirstlanguage.參考答案：正確[單選題]Infirstlanguageacquisition,imitationplays___.A：aminorroleB：asignificantroleC：abasicroleD：norole參考答案：A[單選題]Thesyllabicstructureoftheword"achieved”is______.A:VCCVCCB:VCVCCC:VCVVCVCD:VCCVCVC參考答案：B[單選題]_______areboundmorphemesbecausetheycannotbeusedasseparatewords.A:RootsB:StemsC:AffixesD:Compounds參考答案：C[單選題]Therelationbetweenthetwowords"buy”and"sell”canbedescribedas____.A:gradableantonymyB:converseantonymyC:complementaryantonymyD:synonymy參考答案：B[單選題]ManyChineseEnglishlearnersmay,atthebeginningstage,produce"mans”and"photoes”asthepluralformsof"man”and"photo”.Thisismostlikelytheresultof_______intheprocessofforeignlanguagelearning.A:NegativetransferB:OvergeneralizationC:PositivetransferD:mothertongueinterference參考答案：B[單選題]Whichofthefollowingqualitiesisnottherequirementofagoodtest?_______.A:ObjectivityB:ReliabilityC:ValidityD:BothAandC參考答案：A[單選題]Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmachinetranslationislikelytobewrong?_______.A:Machinetranslationhasalwaysbeenachiefconcernincomputationallinguistics.B:Thereareareaswheremachinetranslationsurpasseshumantranslations.C:Soonerorlater,machinetranslationwillreplacehumantranslationcompletely.D:Insomeareas,humantranslationssurpassesmachinetranslation.參考答案：C[單選題]Teachingcultureinourlanguageclassescan_______.A:getthestudentsfamiliarwithculturaldifferencesB:helpthestudentstranscendtheirowncultureandseethingsasthemembersofthetargetculturewillC:emphasizetheinseparabilityofunderstandinglanguageandunderstandingculturethroughvariousclassroompracticesD:Alloftheabove.參考答案：D[單選題]AccordingtoGrice'stheory,aconversationalimplicatureariseswhenthecooperativeprincipleanditsmaximsare_______.A:strictlyobservedB:secretlyanddeliberatelyviolatedC:blatantlyorapparentlyviolatedD:BothAandB參考答案：C[單選題]Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare____sounds.A：voicelessB：voicedC：vowelD：consonantal參考答案：A[單選題]Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobe_____.A：inphonemiccontrastB：incomplementarydistributionC：theallophonesD：minimalpair參考答案：A[單選題]Thesound/f/is____.A：voicedpalatalaffricateB：voicedalveolarstopC：voicelessvelarfricativeD：voicelesslabiodentalfricative參考答案：D[單選題]Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis_____.A：lexicalB：morphemicC：grammaticalD：semantic參考答案：C[單選題]____isavoicedalveolarstop.A：/z/B：/d/C：/k/D：/b/參考答案：B[單選題]Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby"copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophones______.A：identicalB：sam