人教版六年級英語下冊 重點句型語法總結(jié)

人教版六年級英語下冊重點句型語法總結(jié)人教版六年級英語下冊重點句型語法總結(jié)人教版六年級英語下冊重點句型語法總結(jié)資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月人教版六年級英語下冊重點句型語法總結(jié)版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：PEP小學(xué)英語重點句型語法總結(jié)人教版PEP教材在小學(xué)階段涉及的重要語法知識主要有7種：tobe句型、therebe句型、一般現(xiàn)在時句型、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句型、一般過去時句型、情態(tài)動詞can引導(dǎo)的句型、begoingto句型等，簡要總結(jié)如下：[一]tobe句型：用于介紹個人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等，描述地點、顏色、四季、日期、星期幾等1.Who’syourEnglishteacher?

Mr.Carter.

2.What’shelike?

He’stallandstrong.3.IsshequietNo,sheisn’t.

Sheisveryactive.4.Isshestrict?

Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.5.WhatdayisittodayIt’sWednesday.6.What’syourfavouritefruit/food…

7.They’resweet/sour/salty/healthy/…8.WhenisyourbirthdayIt’sinMay.9.MybirthdayisinJune.

UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.10.IsherbirthdayinJune?

Yes,itis.

11.What’sthedate?

12.ThisisZhangPeng.13.Whereisthecinema,pleaseIt’snexttothehospital.14.Howtallareyou？

I’m164cmtall.

15.Youareshorterthanme.16.You’re4cmtallerthanme.

17.Howheavyareyou?

I’m48kg.18.I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.19.What’sthematterwithyou?

Mythroatissore.20.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah

[二]therebe句型：表示存在，即：“某處有某物”或“某時有某事”。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：Thereis+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+時間或地點。Thereare+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+地點。如：1.Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.2.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.3.Isthereaforestinthepark?

Yes,thereis.

4.Isthereariver?

No,thereisn’t.5.Arethereanypandasinthemountains?

No,therearen’t.6.Arethereanyfishintherivers?

Yes,thereare.[三]一般現(xiàn)在時句型：表示習(xí)慣性的動作或行為，或現(xiàn)在存在著的狀況。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+行為動詞+其他。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要在動詞原形后面加s或es，其他人稱作主語時則用動詞原形，在問句及否定句中需要用助動詞do或does。這種句型通常有一些標(biāo)志詞，如：usually

often

sometimes

never

always等。1.WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays?

WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.

2.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays?

IwatchTVonSaturdays.3.Idomyhomework.4.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays?

Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.5.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.1.WhendoyoueatdinnerIeatdinnerat7:00intheevening.2.Whendoyougetup?

Iusuallygetupat12:00noon.3.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend?

UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.4.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.5.WhichseasondoyoulikebestIlikewinterbest.6.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?1.Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?

2.UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot.

SometimesIgobybike.3.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.4.Doessheteachmath?

Yes,shedoes.5.DoessheteachEnglishNo,shedoesn’t.

Sheteachesmath.6.Whatdoesyourmotherdo

Whatdoesyourfatherdo7.Wheredoesshework?

Sheworksinacarcompany.8.Howdoesshegotowork?

Shegoestoworkbybus.9.Wheredoestheraincomefrom?

Itcomesfromtheclouds.10.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom?

Itcomesfromthevapour.11.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom?

Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.12.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.13.Howdoyoudothat?

1.Mynosehurts.2.Howdoyoufeel

Ifeelsick.

HowdoesAmyfeel

3.Youlooksohappy.

Youlooksadtoday.

[四]現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句型：表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作或事件，或在短期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作或存在的情況。標(biāo)志詞是：now也常用在Look!Listen!等后面。句型主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：be動詞（am,is,are）+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞(v.ing)。1.Whatareyoudoing?

I’mdoingthedishes.

I’mreadingabook.2.Grandpaiswritingaletter.

Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinthekitchen.3.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.3.Whatisitdoing

It’seatingbananas.

4.Whatisshedoing

She’sjumping.

5.Whataretheydoing

They’reswimming.

They’reclimbingtrees.6.Areyoueatinglunch?

No,wearen’t.7.Aretheyeatingthehoney?

Yes,theyare.8.Isheplayingchess?

Yes,heis.

9.Isshecountinginsects?

No,sheisn’t.

[五]一般過去時句型：表示過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動作或情況。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+動詞過去式+其他。標(biāo)志詞通常是：yesterday,lastweek,

lastyear等，在問句與否定句中要用助動詞did。1.Whatdidyoudolastweekend?

Iplayedfootball.2.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom?

Yes,Idid.3.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?

Iwentfishing.4.Didyoureadbook?

Yes,Idid.5.Didyoucleanyourroom?

No,Ididn’t.6.Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?

IwenttoXinjiang.7.Whatdidyoudothere?

Isanganddancedwithmynewfriends.8.Howdidyougothere？

Iwentbytrain.此外，一般過去時也可用來表示客氣的詢問。如：WhatwouldyoulikeforlunchI’dlikesome…

[六]情態(tài)動詞can引導(dǎo)的句型：表示有能力做某事，can后面的動詞要用原形。如：1.Whatcanyoudo?

Icansweepthefloor.

Icancookthemeals.2.Icanwatertheflowers.

3.Canyoumakethebed?

No,Ican’t.

4.Canyouuseacomputer?

Yes,Ican.HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?

YoucangobytheNo.15bus.

[七]將來時：我們的教材中出現(xiàn)過兩種表示將來時的句型，即：will和begoingto句型，主要以begoingto句型為主，表示將要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+goingto+v.原形。標(biāo)志詞有：tomorrow

nextweekend

thismorning

thisweekend

next…begoingto1.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?

Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparents.2.Whereareyougoing?

Iamgoingtothecinema.3.HowishegoingtoBeijing?

HeisgoingtoBeijingbyplane.4.WhenisshegoingtoXiashan?

Sheisgoingtogothereat9:00am英語名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則1)單數(shù)名詞加s:students,apples,bags,trees,books,brothers.2)以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的名詞加es:glasses,boxes,brushes,matches.3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加es:cities,babies,enemies.4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)變f為v加es:wives,knives.但有些詞只加s:roofs,proofs,chiefs.5)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加es:Negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes.其它加s:radios,zoos,pianos,photos.6)不規(guī)則名詞：foot→feet,goose→geese,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→men,woman→women,sheep→sheep,deer→deer,mouse→mice.7)某些外來詞變復(fù)數(shù)：datum→data,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria,curriculum→curricula,criterion→criteria,phenomenon→phenomena.(um/on→a)analysis→analyses,basis→bases,crisis→crises,diagnosis→diagnoses.(is→es)8)復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：以不可數(shù)名詞結(jié)尾的復(fù)合名詞無復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：homework.以man或woman為前綴的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)，前后兩個名詞都變復(fù)數(shù)，如：manservant→menservants,womanstudent-womenstudents.其它復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：grownup→grownups,brotherinlaw→brothersinlaw,standby→standsby.9)復(fù)合形容詞做定語時，其中的名詞保持單數(shù)：asixyearoldboy，atwohundredpagebook英語中名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞在應(yīng)用時有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示一個用單數(shù)，表示兩個或兩個以上用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。1.規(guī)則變化：1)一般在名詞詞尾加s，①map—maps地圖，bird—birds鳥，orange—oranges桔子，bike—bikes自行車；2)以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es，①box—boxes盒子，class—classes班級，watch—watches手表，dish-dishes盤，碟子，餐具；3)以O(shè)結(jié)尾的名詞后面加s或es①photo—photos相片radio—radios收音機(jī)zoo—zoos動物園tomato—tomatoes西紅柿potato—potatoes土豆4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i+es①baby—babies嬰兒family—families家庭；以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞直接加s①boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具；5)以fe或f結(jié)尾的名詞，把fe或f變?yōu)関es①knife—knives小刀wife—wives妻子leaf—leaves樹葉。二：名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1）childchildrenfootfeettoothteethmousemicemanmenwomanwomen注意：與man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men和-women。如：anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復(fù)數(shù)是theBowmans。2）單復(fù)同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japaneseli，jin，yuan，twoli，threemu，fourjin但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers3）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復(fù)數(shù)。如：peoplepolicecattle等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說apeople，apolice，acattle，但可以說aperson，apoliceman，aheadofcattle,theEnglish，theBritish，theFrench，theChinese，theJapanese，theSwiss等名詞，表示國民總稱時，作復(fù)數(shù)用。如：TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。4)表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西，如：glasses(眼鏡)trousers,clothes若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞pair(對，雙);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers5）另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成①直接在動詞的后面加上ing，如do→doing，sing→sin