There-be-句型、簡(jiǎn)單句講解專用課件

并列句、Therebe

句型Howmanyapplesarethere

onthetree?Therearetwentyapplesonthetree.Howmanyapplesarethere

onthetreenow?Therearethirteenapplesonthetreenow.概念結(jié)構(gòu)用法Therebe句型表示“存在…”“有”，其中be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)變化。Therebe+主語(yǔ)（人或物名詞）+地點(diǎn)therethere是個(gè)近視眼。

Thereisacatunderthetree.Therearetwodogsunderthetree.Thereisacatandtwodogsunderthetree.Therearetwodogsandacatunderthetree.Therebe有特點(diǎn)，主語(yǔ)放在be后面，單數(shù)主語(yǔ)用is，復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)要用are。變否定很簡(jiǎn)單，be后要把not添。變疑問(wèn)也不難，把be提到there前。否定疑問(wèn)any換，就近原則多多練。Therebe口訣

教室里有很多桌子和凳子。Therearesomedesksandchairsintheclassroom.

運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上有很多學(xué)生在打籃球。Therearemanystudentsplayingontheplayground.

椅子下有個(gè)美女躺著。Thereisabeautylyingunderthechair.

昨晚，中山路有兩個(gè)人挨打了。ThereweretwomenbeateninZhongshanroadlastnight.語(yǔ)法大練兵連詞簡(jiǎn)單句：只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)或并列主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)或并列謂語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，而句子各個(gè)成分都只由單詞或短語(yǔ)表示。復(fù)合句：復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子。復(fù)合句中的主句和從句都具有完整的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。主句是復(fù)合句的主體，可以單獨(dú)存在；從句常常需要有個(gè)連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明主句，不能單獨(dú)存在。爸爸給我買了一件禮物，我非常喜歡。Myfatherboughtmeapresent,andIlikeitverymuch.他不僅會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，而且會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.她既會(huì)彈鋼琴，又會(huì)彈吉他。Shecanplayboththepianoandtheguitar.我沒(méi)看過(guò)那部電影她也沒(méi)看過(guò)。NeitherInorshehasseenthefilm.表示順延、并列關(guān)系的連詞及并列句。并列句：簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句and,both…and…,aswellas…,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…Icanswimaswellasmybrother.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞及并列句but,yet“然而”，while“而”，however“然而”露西喜歡紅色，然而莉莉喜歡白色。LucylikesredwhileLilylikeswhite.他們又一樣，又不一樣。Theyarethesame,yetnotthesame.我想幫你，可是我真的不知道該做些什么。Iwanttohelpyou,butreallydon’tknowwhattodo.開(kāi)始她不想去，但后來(lái)她改變了主意。Atfirstshedidn’twanttogo.Later,however,shechangedhermind.Tonyisacleverboy,______heusuallyfailsinChineseexams.A.soB.butC.or--Wastheboysaved?--No,Thedoctorstriedtheirbest,____theyfailed.A.andB.soC.but表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞及并列句or…,either…or…,ratherthan不是湯姆就是我受責(zé)備。TomorIamtobeblamed.努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你考試就會(huì)失敗。Studyhard,oryou’llfailtheexam.你可以待在家，也可以去釣魚(yú)。Youcaneitherstayathomeorgofishing.我們應(yīng)該植樹(shù)而不是砍樹(shù)。Weshouldplanttreesratherthancutdowntrees.表示因果關(guān)系的連詞及并列句so,for,because,as,since,therefore…

早晨到了，因?yàn)轼B(niǎo)叫了。Itismorning,forthebirdsaresinging.天色不早了，所以我就回家了。Itwaslate,soIwenthome.我不得不熬夜，因?yàn)槲矣性S多作業(yè)要做。Ihavetostayuplate,forIhavelotsofhomeworktodo.狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等，狀語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，與主句連接，位于句首時(shí)，常用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)，位于句末時(shí)，其前一般不用逗號(hào)。狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)其用途可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、方式狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句等。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When/while/as，before，after,since,not…until,assoonas當(dāng)我媽媽進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在寫(xiě)作業(yè)。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamein.直到爸爸回來(lái)他才去睡覺(jué)。Hedidnotgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.等他講話一停，我們就去喝點(diǎn)咖啡。Assoonashestopstalking,let’sgetsomecoffee.1.while,when,as這三個(gè)連詞都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但用法有所不同。1)當(dāng)某事正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，又發(fā)生了另一件事。While,when,as都可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示“背景”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：As/When/WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecar.2)當(dāng)兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，最常用的是while。例如：Whilemotherwascookinglunch,Iwasdoingmyhomework.3)當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都表示發(fā)展變化的情況時(shí)，最常用的是as。例如：Aschildrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.4)當(dāng)兩個(gè)短動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或表示“一邊…一邊…”時(shí)，最常用as。例如：Justashecaughtthefly,hegavealoudcry.Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewent.5)當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：Whenhefinishedhiswork,hetookashortrest.6)當(dāng)從句是瞬間動(dòng)作，主句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：WhenJohnarrivedIwascookinglunch.2.當(dāng)主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或祈使句，表示將來(lái)的意義時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)稱“主將從現(xiàn)”。我一到北京就給你打。I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoBeijing.3.until/till引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句①主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句用肯定形式，表示這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到until/till所表示的時(shí)間為止。我會(huì)一直等到你來(lái)看我。

I’llwaitforyoutillyoucometoseeme.②主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用否定形式表示主句的動(dòng)作直到until所表示的時(shí)間才發(fā)生。構(gòu)成not…until,有時(shí)不用not，而用其他如never,nothing等表否定意義的詞。我直到完成作業(yè)才去睡覺(jué)。Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.Since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“自……以來(lái)”，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)為：Ithasbeen…since+從句/itis…since+從句從肇慶學(xué)院畢業(yè)以后,我就一直在這所學(xué)校工作IhaveworkedinthisschoolsinceIgraduatedfromZhaoqingUniversity.我學(xué)英語(yǔ)10年了。Itis10yearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果明天不下雨，我將去長(zhǎng)城。I’llvisittheGreatWallifitdoesn’traintomorrow.2.“祈使句+and/or引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句”中，祈使句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)一下腦子，你會(huì)找到方法的。Useyourhead,andyou’llfindaway.=Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindaway.原因狀語(yǔ)從句通常用because,since,as引導(dǎo)。這三個(gè)詞所表示的語(yǔ)氣由because到as逐漸減弱，由why提出的問(wèn)題用because回答。Because,since,as,for這四個(gè)詞都可表原因，但用法有區(qū)別。1)如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.---Whyaren’tyougoing?---BecauseIdon’twantto.2)如果原因已被人們所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一點(diǎn)。As和since引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開(kāi)頭。例如：Ashewasn’tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican’tbuyanyfood.3)for用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明一種理由，因此，for引導(dǎo)的從句幾乎可以放在括號(hào)里。For引導(dǎo)的句子不放在句子的開(kāi)頭。例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch----forIwasfeelingquitehungry.1.引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有sothat,inorderthat等，謂語(yǔ)中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。他必須早點(diǎn)起床，以便趕上第一班車。Hemustgetupearlysothathecancatchthefirstbus.2.當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可用soasto,inorderto.他夜以繼日地工作為的是取得成功。Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.由so…that,such…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。1)so…that中的so是個(gè)副詞，其后只能跟形容詞或副詞，而such...that中的such是個(gè)形容詞，后接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。例如：I’msotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.2)如果在名詞之前有many,much,little,few時(shí)，用so,不用such。例如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Though/although（盡管、雖然）,evenif（即使），whatever（無(wú)論什么）,wherever,whenever.無(wú)論你去哪，我都跟著你。Whereveryougo,Iwillgowithyou.無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候來(lái)，我都會(huì)等你。Wheneveryoucome,Iwillwaitforyou.1.不僅他，我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生。_______he_______I___astudent.2.如果明天不下雨，我們就去野餐。

If____________tomorrow,we___goto______________.3.他和他父母都不打算下午去購(gòu)物。_____he_____hisparents__________goshopping4.他太年輕了還不能去上學(xué)。Heis_______young______gotoschool.5.我一完成工作就去釣魚(yú)。I______gofishing___________Ifinishmywork.Notonlybutalsoamitdoesn’trainwillhave

a

picnicwillassoonastootoNeithernoraregoingto一、單句填空：用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空。并列句1.Ithoughtyou’dbelatefortheconcert,______weendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.(湖南)2.Standoverthere______you’llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.(全國(guó)Ⅱ)3.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.(山東)4.Theartistwasbornpoor,______poorheremainedallhislife.(重慶)but

and

for

and

5.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_________menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.(四川)6.Youhavefailedtwotests.You’dbetterstartworkingharder,______youwon’tpassthecourse.(北京)7.Realityisnotthewayyouwishthingstobe,northewaytheyappeartobe,______thewaytheyactuallyare.(湖南)while

or

but

8.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,______theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.(全國(guó)I)9.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal

_________afamiliarvoicecametohisears.(遼寧)10.IgrewupinAfrica_______atleastIshouldsaythatIspentmuchofthefirsttenyearsofmylifethere.(遼寧)

but

when

or

名詞性從句11.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_________theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(北京)12.__________wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(山東)13.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom______theirparentsspeakathome.(浙江)what

What

what

14.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea________thepartyistobeheld?(陜西)15.Thenews______ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.(上海)16.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.(天津)17.____________wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江)where

that

when

Whoever

18.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and________allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(湖南)19.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake______itis.(天津)20.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s_________thebestjobsare.(浙江)

that

how

where

定語(yǔ)從句21.TheScienceMuseum,_________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.(江蘇)22.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,___________usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.(浙江)23.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.(安徽)which

which

where

24.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostof_________arebeyondourcontrol.(湖南)25.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,thehandsof_______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(陜西)26.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,__________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(全國(guó)Ⅱ)27.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.(北京)28.Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithanykids.(山東)which

which

which

whom

when

29.TheywillflytoWashington,________theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.(重慶)30.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_________consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.(江西)31.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_________welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.(福建)32.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer__________shehadtodecidewhattodo.(江西)

where

where

where

where

33.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity__________sight(看到)mattersmorethanhearing.(天津)34.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,neitherof_________wantedtobuyit.(安徽)35.Itisreportedthattwoschools,bothof__________arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(四川)

where

whom

which

狀語(yǔ)從句36.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.(福建)37.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime__________Briangetsback.(北京)38.TheresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtime______wemeetthemagain.(安徽)39.--DidyoureturnFred’scall?--Ididn’tneedto__________I’llseehimtomorrow.(北京)

when

before

before

because

40.--Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?--Herushedoutoftheroom__________Icouldsayaword.(四川)41.“Youcan’thavethisfootballback__________youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain,”theoldmansaidfirmly.(廣東)42.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_________kidscangetatit.(山東)43.Intimeofseriousaccidents,__________weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.(重慶)before

until

where

if

44.Inpeace,too,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp____________thereishumansuffering.(江西)45.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree________youneedmorespaceforbaggage.(全國(guó)Ⅱ)46.______hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.(全國(guó)II)47.Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview___________youhaveconfidence.(福建)

wherever

unless

If

once/if

48.Hisplanwassuchagoodone__________weallagreedtoacceptit.(陜西)49.______________________________theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.(湖南)50.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,even_____________theyknewittobevaluable.(浙江)51._____________hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.(遼寧)that

Although/Though/While

though/if

However

52.Thelawyerrare