高中英語從契訶夫法則看讀后續(xù)寫隱藏線索的利用課件

從“契訶夫法則”看讀后續(xù)寫

隱藏線索的利用從“契訶夫法則”看讀后續(xù)寫

隱藏線索的利用1契訶夫（Chekhov），19世紀末俄國偉大的批判現(xiàn)實主義作家，情趣雋永、文筆犀利的幽默諷刺大師，短篇小說之王，著名戲劇作家。他創(chuàng)作態(tài)度嚴謹，重視文學的寫生，筆下一草一木無不栩栩如生，刻畫心理亦往往入木三分，是世界短篇小說巔峰之一，并成為短篇小說的代名詞。

Chekhov1860-1904契訶夫（Chekhov），19世紀末俄國偉大的批判現(xiàn)實主義作2Chekhov’s

Law契訶夫法則是一種文學技巧，在故事早期出現(xiàn)的某一元素，直至最后才顯現(xiàn)出它的重要性。

換言之，在故事開頭出現(xiàn)過的物品一定要在后面的故事情節(jié)中用到，否則，它就不應該出現(xiàn)。Chekhov’s

Law契訶夫法則是一種文學技巧，在故事早3“契訶夫法則”對讀后續(xù)寫的啟示1.故事前面隱藏的線索為故事后續(xù)的發(fā)展指明了方向；2.在閱讀故事時應重視隱藏的線索；3.隱藏的線索在后續(xù)的故事發(fā)展中應有所交代?！捌踉X夫法則”對讀后續(xù)寫的啟示1.故事前面隱藏的線索為故事后4課例（讀后續(xù)寫講評課）CookieThief課例（讀后續(xù)寫講評課）CookieThief5

Itwaslateandrainingheavilyonenight.Ayoungwomanwaswaitingforherflightatanairport.ShewasleavingforLondonbecauseshegotanewjobthere.ItwassaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman—polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.Shewasexcitedaswellasalittlenervousabouthernewlife.Withseverallonghoursbeforeherflight,thewomanhuntedforabookintheairportshops,boughtapacketofcookiesandfoundaplacetosit.Shetookoutabookandstartedtoread.Althoughshewasabsorbedinherbook,shehappenedtoseethatthemansittingbesideher,asboldashecouldbe,grabbedacookieortwofromthebaginbetweenthem.Educatedtobewell-mannered,shetriedtoignoreittoavoidanargument.Buttoshowthatshewastheowner,shestartedtotakecookiesfromthatbagtoo.Unfortunately,themandidn’tgetthathint（暗示）,sincehedidn’tstopgrabbingthecookies.“Howannoying!”Shethought.Asthegreedycookiethiefkepteating,thewomanmunched(用力咀嚼)somecookiesandwatchedtheclock.Shewasgettingangrierastheminuteswentby,thinking,“IfIweren'tsonice,Iwouldblackenhiseyes.”Witheachcookieshetook,hetookone,too;whenonlyonewasleft,shewonderedwhathewoulddo.Withasmileonhisface,andanervouslaugh,hetookthelastcookieandbrokeitinhalf.Heofferedherahalf,andatetheother.Shegrabbeditfromhim,glaredathimandthought,“Oh,brother.Thisguyhassomenerveandheissorude!Whyhedidn'tevenshowanygratefulness?”Shehadneverknownwhenshehadbeensoangry,andsighedinreliefwhenherflightwascalled.Shegatheredherbelongingsandheadedtothegatequickly,refusingtolookbackattherudethief.Sheboardedtheplane,sankinherseat,andlookedforherbook,whichwasalmostcomplete.Itwaslateandraininghe6gentleman；thewoman;apacketofcookies;theman;cookiethief;anervouslaugh;ate;thought;rude;theplane人物事物動作特性gentleman;thewoman;theman;cookiethiefapacketofcookie;anervouslaugh;theplaneate;thoughtrudeWhichunderlinedwordswillyouchoose?Why?Dividetheunderlinedwordsinto4groups:gentleman；thewoman;apacket7TheunderlinedwordsmostlikelytobeusedthewomanthemancookiethiefapacketofcookiestheplaneimportantobjectmaincharactersimportantnameplacewherethestorywouldgoonTheunderlinedwordsmostlike8Readthestoryagainandfind

outtwo

hiddencluesinit.Readthestoryagainandfind9?

It’ssaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman-polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.?Thewomanthoughtthatmanwasacookiethiefandshewasangrywithhim.Thinking：Whenandwherewouldshemeethernewboss?Howwouldshemeethim?Infact,themanwasnotacookiethiefandthewomanmadeamistake.That

wasamisunderstanding.Thinking：Howwouldthestorygoontobringittolight?Reverse反轉Thehiddencluesinthegivenpart?It’ssaidthathernewboss10特別說明（此說明不出現(xiàn)在上課的課件中）如果新老板不是作者留下的線索，無需在故事的后續(xù)發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)，前面就不會提到，或者即使提到也會處理得更加含糊，以淡化留給讀者的印象，如It’ssaidthathernewbosswasakindman.而不是著重提到atypicalEnglishgentleman，并且還特別列出紳士的品質(zhì)：polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate。作者用了5個段落來描寫那位女士的憤怒?？梢宰詥栆幌拢鹤髡邔戇@些，是為了講一位女士因為旁邊的男士吃了“她”的餅干而憤怒的故事嗎？答案顯然是否定的。所以故事發(fā)生反轉是必然的，女士的怒氣也就是故事反轉所需要事先埋下的另一條線索。特別說明（此說明不出現(xiàn)在上課的課件中）如果新老板不是作者留下11Shewouldmeethernewboss.Shewouldfindthatnotthemanbutherselfwasacookiethief.Trendsinthestory’sdevelopmentShewouldmeethernewboss.Tr12Paragraph1 Asshereached

inherbaggage,shegasped(喘氣)withsurprise.________________________________________________________Para2：Withseverallonghoursbeforeherflight,thewomanhuntedforabookintheairportshops,boughtapacketofcookiesandfoundaplacetosit.Shetookoutabookandstartedtoread.

NOTcookiesShewouldfindthatthemanwasnotacookiethiefbutherself.Shewouldfeelguiltyandwantedtoapologizetotheman.ThehiddencluesinthegivensentencesParagraph1Para2：Withseveral13Paragraph2Surprisingly,she

foundthemansittingjustbehindher.___________________________________________ItwassaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman—polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.ThehiddencluesinthegivensentencesSheknewthatthemanwashernewbossbyaccident.Sheapologizedtotheman.Paragraph2Itwassaidthath14Howtodescribethewoman’sfeeling（anger）

#…triedtoignoreittoavoidanargument.#“Howannoying!”Shethought.#…munchedsomecookiesandwatchedtheclock.#…thinking,“IfIweren’tsonice,Iwouldblackenhiseyes.”#Shegrabbeditfromhim,glaredathimandthought,”O(jiān)h,brother…Whyhe

didn’tevenshowanygratefulness?”#Shehadneverknownwhenshehadbeensoangry,andsighedinreliefwhen…#…andheadedtothegatequickly,refusingtolookbackattherudethief.

actionandbodylanguagefacialexpressionssubjunctivemood(虛擬語氣)---（wish，guilt，regret）exclamatorysentences(感嘆句)andquestionsHowtodescribethewoman’sfe15PolishyourwritingPolishyourwriting16Asample

Asshereachedintoherbaggage,shegaspedwithsurprise.Shefoundapacketofcookieslyinginherhandbag.Ithadbeenonlyafewsecondsbeforesherealizedthatsheherselfwastherealcookiethief.Feelingextremelyashamed,thewomancoveredhermouthwithherhands.Howshewishedthatshehadn'teatentheman'scookiessocarelessly.Shelookedaroundtomakesurethatnobodynoticedherunusualbehaviors.

AsampleAsshereachedint17Surprisingly,shefoundthemansittingjustbehindher.Whatmadetheatmospheremoredelicatewasthatthemanapparentlyrecognizedher.Herfacewasmottledredandwhite

with

embarrassmentandshemadeanapologytohim.Hegrinnedamiablyather,saying,“I’mgladyoulikeit.”Aftertheplanearrived,thewomanhurriedtoseehernewboss.

Whatacoincidence!Hewastheverygentleman.Surprisingly,shefound18THANKSTHANKS19從“契訶夫法則”看讀后續(xù)寫

隱藏線索的利用從“契訶夫法則”看讀后續(xù)寫

隱藏線索的利用20契訶夫（Chekhov），19世紀末俄國偉大的批判現(xiàn)實主義作家，情趣雋永、文筆犀利的幽默諷刺大師，短篇小說之王，著名戲劇作家。他創(chuàng)作態(tài)度嚴謹，重視文學的寫生，筆下一草一木無不栩栩如生，刻畫心理亦往往入木三分，是世界短篇小說巔峰之一，并成為短篇小說的代名詞。

Chekhov1860-1904契訶夫（Chekhov），19世紀末俄國偉大的批判現(xiàn)實主義作21Chekhov’s

Law契訶夫法則是一種文學技巧，在故事早期出現(xiàn)的某一元素，直至最后才顯現(xiàn)出它的重要性。

換言之，在故事開頭出現(xiàn)過的物品一定要在后面的故事情節(jié)中用到，否則，它就不應該出現(xiàn)。Chekhov’s

Law契訶夫法則是一種文學技巧，在故事早22“契訶夫法則”對讀后續(xù)寫的啟示1.故事前面隱藏的線索為故事后續(xù)的發(fā)展指明了方向；2.在閱讀故事時應重視隱藏的線索；3.隱藏的線索在后續(xù)的故事發(fā)展中應有所交代。“契訶夫法則”對讀后續(xù)寫的啟示1.故事前面隱藏的線索為故事后23課例（讀后續(xù)寫講評課）CookieThief課例（讀后續(xù)寫講評課）CookieThief24

Itwaslateandrainingheavilyonenight.Ayoungwomanwaswaitingforherflightatanairport.ShewasleavingforLondonbecauseshegotanewjobthere.ItwassaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman—polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.Shewasexcitedaswellasalittlenervousabouthernewlife.Withseverallonghoursbeforeherflight,thewomanhuntedforabookintheairportshops,boughtapacketofcookiesandfoundaplacetosit.Shetookoutabookandstartedtoread.Althoughshewasabsorbedinherbook,shehappenedtoseethatthemansittingbesideher,asboldashecouldbe,grabbedacookieortwofromthebaginbetweenthem.Educatedtobewell-mannered,shetriedtoignoreittoavoidanargument.Buttoshowthatshewastheowner,shestartedtotakecookiesfromthatbagtoo.Unfortunately,themandidn’tgetthathint（暗示）,sincehedidn’tstopgrabbingthecookies.“Howannoying!”Shethought.Asthegreedycookiethiefkepteating,thewomanmunched(用力咀嚼)somecookiesandwatchedtheclock.Shewasgettingangrierastheminuteswentby,thinking,“IfIweren'tsonice,Iwouldblackenhiseyes.”Witheachcookieshetook,hetookone,too;whenonlyonewasleft,shewonderedwhathewoulddo.Withasmileonhisface,andanervouslaugh,hetookthelastcookieandbrokeitinhalf.Heofferedherahalf,andatetheother.Shegrabbeditfromhim,glaredathimandthought,“Oh,brother.Thisguyhassomenerveandheissorude!Whyhedidn'tevenshowanygratefulness?”Shehadneverknownwhenshehadbeensoangry,andsighedinreliefwhenherflightwascalled.Shegatheredherbelongingsandheadedtothegatequickly,refusingtolookbackattherudethief.Sheboardedtheplane,sankinherseat,andlookedforherbook,whichwasalmostcomplete.Itwaslateandraininghe25gentleman；thewoman;apacketofcookies;theman;cookiethief;anervouslaugh;ate;thought;rude;theplane人物事物動作特性gentleman;thewoman;theman;cookiethiefapacketofcookie;anervouslaugh;theplaneate;thoughtrudeWhichunderlinedwordswillyouchoose?Why?Dividetheunderlinedwordsinto4groups:gentleman；thewoman;apacket26TheunderlinedwordsmostlikelytobeusedthewomanthemancookiethiefapacketofcookiestheplaneimportantobjectmaincharactersimportantnameplacewherethestorywouldgoonTheunderlinedwordsmostlike27Readthestoryagainandfind

outtwo

hiddencluesinit.Readthestoryagainandfind28?

It’ssaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman-polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.?Thewomanthoughtthatmanwasacookiethiefandshewasangrywithhim.Thinking：Whenandwherewouldshemeethernewboss?Howwouldshemeethim?Infact,themanwasnotacookiethiefandthewomanmadeamistake.That

wasamisunderstanding.Thinking：Howwouldthestorygoontobringittolight?Reverse反轉Thehiddencluesinthegivenpart?It’ssaidthathernewboss29特別說明（此說明不出現(xiàn)在上課的課件中）如果新老板不是作者留下的線索，無需在故事的后續(xù)發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)，前面就不會提到，或者即使提到也會處理得更加含糊，以淡化留給讀者的印象，如It’ssaidthathernewbosswasakindman.而不是著重提到atypicalEnglishgentleman，并且還特別列出紳士的品質(zhì)：polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate。作者用了5個段落來描寫那位女士的憤怒?？梢宰詥栆幌拢鹤髡邔戇@些，是為了講一位女士因為旁邊的男士吃了“她”的餅干而憤怒的故事嗎？答案顯然是否定的。所以故事發(fā)生反轉是必然的，女士的怒氣也就是故事反轉所需要事先埋下的另一條線索。特別說明（此說明不出現(xiàn)在上課的課件中）如果新老板不是作者留下30Shewouldmeethernewboss.Shewouldfindthatnotthemanbutherselfwasacookiethief.Trendsinthestory’sdevelopmentShewouldmeethernewboss.Tr31Paragraph1 Asshereached

inherbaggage,shegasped(喘氣)withsurprise.________________________________________________________Para2：Withseverallonghoursbeforeherflight,thewomanhuntedforabookintheairportshops,boughtapacketofcookiesandfoundaplacetosit.Shetookoutabookandstartedtoread.

NOTcookiesShewouldfindthatthemanwasnotacookiethiefbutherself.Shewouldfeelguiltyandwantedtoapologizetotheman.ThehiddencluesinthegivensentencesParagraph1Para2：Withseveral32Paragraph2Surprisingly,she

foundthemansittingjustbehindher.___________________________________________ItwassaidthathernewbosswasatypicalEnglishgentleman—polite,modest,humorousandconsiderate.ThehiddencluesinthegivensentencesSheknewthatthemanwashernewbossbyaccident.Sheapologizedtotheman.Paragraph2Itwassaidthath33Howtodescribethewoman’sfeeling（anger）

#…triedtoignoreittoavoidanargument.#“Howannoying!”Shethought.#…munchedsomecookiesandwatchedtheclock.#…thinking,“IfIweren’tsonice,Iwouldblackenhiseyes.”#Shegrabbeditfromhim,glaredathimandthought,”O(jiān)h,brother…Whyhe