計算機專業(yè)英語：輸入與輸出

5CHAPTERInputandoutput（輸入和輸出）computingESSENTIALS

1Competencies（能力）InputdevicesDigitizingOutputdevicesMultifunctionaldevicesTelephonyTerminalscomputingESSENTIALS

2Input（輸入）DataorinstructionsDirectlyfromuserFromothersourcesInputdeviceHardwaretoprovideinputtocomputercomputingESSENTIALS

3InputDevices（輸入設(shè)備）KeyboardsPointingdevicesScannersImagecapturedevicesAudiocapturecomputingESSENTIALS

4Keyboards（鍵盤）MostcommoninputdeviceCharacters,numbers,symbolsconvertedtoelectricalsignalTypewriterkeyboard,numerickeypad,specialkeysNavigationkeysFunctionkeysWindowskeycomputingESSENTIALS

5Keyboards（鍵盤）TogglekeysTurnsafeatureonoroffCapsLockCombinationkeysHelddownincombinationwithanotherkeyControlkey,AltkeycomputingESSENTIALS

6PointingDevices（定點設(shè)備）ControlapointeronthemonitorUsedtoselectbuttons,menus,linksMouseMostcommonpointingdeviceMechanicalOpticalWirelesscomputingESSENTIALS

7PointingDevices（定點設(shè)備）Trackball(軌跡球)MoverollerballwiththumbTouchsurface(觸摸板)MovefingeracrosssurfaceofpadTaptoselectPointingstick(觸摸桿)MiddleofkeyboardMovewithfingercomputingESSENTIALS

8PointingDevices（定點設(shè)備）Joystick(操縱桿)PopularforcomputergamesUsergripssticktomaneuverTouchscreen(觸摸屏)SpecialmonitorScreenlayerwithcrisscrossedbeamsofinfraredlightSelectbytouchingscreendirectlycomputingESSENTIALS

9ScanningDevices（掃描設(shè)備）CopydatafromasourceTypesofscannersOpticalscannerBarcodereadersCharacterandMarkrecognitioncomputingESSENTIALS

10OpticalScanners（光電掃描儀）CopytextorimagesCanbedisplayed,printed,orstoredTypesofopticalscannersFlatbedscannerSourceplacedonglasssurfaceImagescannedfrombelowPortablescannerHandhelddevicethatslidesacrosssourcecomputingESSENTIALS

11BarCodeReaders（條形碼閱讀器）PhotoelectricscannerReadbarcodesAlternatingblack&whiteverticalbarsUniversalProductCode(UPC)Seeningrocerystores,retailstorescomputingESSENTIALS

12Character&MarkRecognition（字符和標志識別）Magnetic-inkcharacterrecognition(MICR)ReadsmagneticallyencodedcharactersOptical-characterrecognition(OCR)ReflectslightoffspecialpreprintedcharactersOptical-markrecognition(OMR)SensespresenceorabsenceofmarkscomputingESSENTIALS

13ImageCapturingDevices（圖像捕捉設(shè)備）Createorcaptureoriginalimages(圖像/影像創(chuàng)建或捕獲)Digitalcamera(數(shù)碼攝像機)ImagerecordeddigitallytomemoryDigitalvideocameras(數(shù)碼攝影機)CapturemotionWebcams(網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝影)CaptureimagesforbroadcastonInternetcomputingESSENTIALS

14DigitizingDevices（數(shù)字化設(shè)備）Capturesketches,maps,drawingsFlatsurface,writingdeviceTypesGraphicstabletsSpecialtablet,stylusDigitalnotepadsRegularpaper,pencomputingESSENTIALS

15Audio-InputDevices（音頻輸入設(shè)備）ConvertsoundintodigitalformatVoicerecognitionsystemOperatecomputerbyvoicecommandDictationMicrophone,soundcard,softwareDiscreteContinuouscomputingESSENTIALS

16VoiceRecognitionSystemsTypes（聲音識別系統(tǒng)類型）RecognizeindividualwordsbasedonsoundDiscrete-speechrecognitionCannotdistinguishsame-soundwordsContinuous-speechrecognitionCandistinguishsame-soundwordsEvaluatescontextofwordscomputingESSENTIALS

17Output（輸出）ProcesseddatafromacomputerText,graphics,photos,audio,videoCommonoutputdevicesMonitorPrinterPlotterVoicecomputingESSENTIALS

18Monitors（監(jiān)視器）MostfrequentlyusedoutputdeviceSizeismeasuredbydiagonalofscreenCommonsizes:15,17,19,21inchesClarityisindicatedbyresolutionMeasuredinpixelsMorepixels=betterclaritycomputingESSENTIALS

19MonitorStandards（監(jiān)視器規(guī)格）Resolutioncapabilitiesindicatedbyamonitor’sstandardSuperVideoGraphicsArray(SVGA)ExtendedGraphicsArray(XGA)SuperExtendedGraphicsArray(SXGA)UltraExtendedGraphicsArray(UXGA)computingESSENTIALS

20MonitorTypes（監(jiān)視器類型）Cathode-RayTubes(CRT)MostcommonFlat-panelmonitorsPassive-matrixActive-matrixeBookreadersDataprojectorsHigh-definitiontelevision(HDTV)computingESSENTIALS

21Printers（打印機）ProduceshardcopyoutputInk-jetprinterSpraysdropletsofinkLaserprinterLaserproducedimagesThermalprinterHeatedelementproduceimageonheatsensitivepapercomputingESSENTIALS

22OtherPrinters（其他打印機）Dot-matrixSeriesofpinsonprintheadInexpensive,nothighqualityPhotoprinterPrintphoto-qualityimagesfromdigitalcamerasPlotterMaps,architecturaldrawingsHighquality,largersizedoutputcomputingESSENTIALS

23AudioOutputDevices（音頻輸出設(shè)備）TranslatecomputerdataintounderstandablesoundsMP3filesComponentsSoundcardSpeakersystemorheadphonescomputingESSENTIALS

24CombinationInput/OutputDevices（輸入輸出聯(lián)合設(shè)備）DevicesarecombinedintoonedeviceSaveroomSpecializedapplicationsFaxmachineMultifunctionaldeviceTelephonyTerminalscomputingESSENTIALS

25FaxMachine（傳真機）FacsimiletransmissionmachineSendsandreceivesimagesacrosstelephonelinesFax/modemboardGivecomputersamecapabilitycomputingESSENTIALS

26MultifunctionalDevice（多功能設(shè)備）CombinesScannerPrinterFaxmachineCopyingmachineCosteffectiveSavesspacePopularin