Unit 1 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練（原卷版）-2022年高一英語（新人教版選擇性必修第一冊）

第06練Unit1PeopleofAchievement1.【詞匯過關(guān)】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。①Manyofourteachersalsohavevaluable_____________(academy)linkswithHeidelbergUniversity②Sheconsidersthatitistooearlytoformadefinite_____________(conclude).③Wefoundfurther_____________(science)evidenceforthistheory.④Thisgovernmentis_____________(commit)toextendingparentalchoiceineducation.⑤Youcanaskforachemical_____________(analyse)ofyourtapwater.2.【短語過關(guān)】Itisworthwhileto__________________________theexperienceandcharacteristicsofMacaoinfaithfullyimplementing“onecountry,twosystems”.②當(dāng)你還是個孩子的時候，你有沒有在午夜經(jīng)歷過讓你毛骨悚然的夢境？Asachild,didyouexperiencethedreamscenewhichmadeyourhair_________________________________________atmidnight.③由于這種意識，三天前，一系列反恐海報在印尼和土耳其引起廣泛恐慌。____________________________________________________theconsciousness,threedaysago,aseriesofanti-terroristposterscausedwidespreadalarmacrossIndonesiaandTurkey.④希特勒上臺對世界來說真是一場災(zāi)難。ThatHitler_______________________________________wasreallyadisastertotheworld.⑤你能算出一個人在這個城市占據(jù)的平均居住空間嗎？Canyoufigureouttheaveragelivingspacethatapersoncan__________________________inthiscity?3.【語法過關(guān)】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。①Hisbestmovie,_____________wonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.②KatesisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,_____________hasgonetoworkinAustralia.③DuringtheSpringFestivalGalaof2020,didyouseeWangYuan,____________isnowafamousyouthactor.④ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____________IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.⑤LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,____________aconferencewastobeheld.4.【閱讀過關(guān)】NATUREhasmanywaysofremindinguswhoisincharge.Hermostdeadlyweapons-bacteria,viruses,andparasites(寄生蟲)-claimmillionsofliveseveryyear.Butthankstothehardworkofgreatscientists,mankindcouldturnnatureagainstitself.AnditisforexactlythissortofworkthattheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineonOct5.HalfoftheprizewasawardedtotheIrishWilliamCampbellandtheJapaneseSatoshiOmurafordiscoveringavermectin(阿維菌素).adrugthatkillstheparasiticwormsthatcauseriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis(象皮病).ChinesescientistTuYouyousharedtheotherhalfoftheprizefordevelopingArtemisinin,adrugthathelpskilltheparasitethatcausesmalaria.Omuraisamicrobiologistbytraining.HestudiedStreptomycesbacteriatofindcompounds(化合物)thatworkagainstharmfulmicrobes(微生物).Campbell,workingintheUS,tookbacteriafoundbyOmuraandtookoutavermectin,whichiseffectiveagainstparasitesinfarmanimals.Animprovedtypeofavermectinwaslaterproducedforhumans,whichgreatlyreducedthecasesofriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis.Avermectincomesfrombacteria,butartemisinincomesfromplants.ItsdiscoverywastheresultofProject523,aChinesegovernmentprojecttofindanewmalariadruginthelate1960s.Malariaisamosquito-bornediseasecausedbyparasites,whichattackredbloodcells,causingfever,andsometimes,braindamageanddeath.Tuandherteammade380herbalextractsfrom2,000recipesfromtraditionalChinesemedicalbooks.In1971,aftermorethan190failures,Tu'steamfinallyfoundanextractthatwas100percenteffectiveagainstmalariaparasites.Itwascalledqinghaosu,laterrenamedartemisinin.In2001,theWorldHealthOrganizationnamedartemisininthefirstchoiceinthetreatmentofmalaria.Millionsofpeoplearestilltroubledbyinfectionscausedbyparasites.ButtheWHOsaidthatby2013,malariadeathshadfallenby47percentcomparedwith2000.Similarly,riverblindnessusedtobeoneoftheleadingcausesofpreventableblindness.Thesedays,doctorsaretalkingaboutchancesofwipingthediseaseoffEarth.AlloftheseachievementswouldnotbepossibleatallwithoutthedrugsthatCampbell,OmuraandTuhelpedtodiscover.【1】ThedrugTuYouyoudeveloped,artemisinin,hasproveneffectiveintreating_________.A.riverblindness B.malariaC.lymphaticfilariasis D.infectionscausedbyStreptomycesbacteria【2】Avermectin,discoveredbyCampbellandOmura,comesfrom__________.A.bacteria B.plants C.farmanimals D.oceananimals【3】WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthediscoveryofartemisinin?A.IttookTuandherteamabout10yearstodiscoverartemisinin.B.Tuandherteamachievedsuccessafterabout380failures.C.Artemisininhassavedmillionsofpeople'slivessinceitsdiscovery.D.Artemisininwasdiscoveredthankstotheeffortsofscientistsfromathomeandabroad.能力提升練5.【語法填空能力提升】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。World-famousphysicistStephenHawkinghasdiedattheageof76.Hedied【1】(peaceful)athishomeinCambridgeintheearly【2】(hour)ofWednesday.Hawkingwasknown【3】thepublicforhisworkwithblackholesandrelativity.andwroteseveralpopularsciencebooks,includingABriefHistoryofTime.Attheageof22,Prof.Hawking【4】(give)onlyafewyearstoliveafterdoctorsdeclaredthathesufferedfromararedisease.Theillnesslefthiminawheelchairandhewas【5】(able)tospeakexceptthroughavoicesynthesizer(合成器)Prof.Hawkingwasthefirst【6】(set)outatheoryofcosmology(宇宙學(xué))explainedbyaunionofthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandquantummech