強讀和弱讀-(課堂)課件

StrongForms&WeakForms強讀和弱讀1

StrongForms&WeakForms強讀和弱讀1弱讀一個英文單詞如果由多個音節(jié)構成，那么其中至少有一個音節(jié)是重音；如果，音節(jié)足夠多的話，那么可能還有次重音以及一個以上的重音。同樣的道理，一個句子由多個單詞構成，那么，其中總是有至少一個單詞被強讀，而相對來看，其它的單詞會被弱讀。2弱讀一個英文單詞如果由多個音節(jié)構成，那么其中至少有弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成[?]或[i]。

如下幾個單詞：at,of,the,to,as,than,and,or,his,a,an,but,been,for,her,we,be,shall,was,them,弱讀的頻率達到90％，其中a,an,the,than極少用強式。查字典會發(fā)現這些詞都至少有兩種讀音，如for:重讀時[f?:],弱讀時[f?]；as的強讀形式是/?z/，弱讀形式是/?z/。3弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成[?]或[i]。

如下大多助動詞、系動詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞，都有兩種發(fā)音形式：強讀式、弱讀式。這些單詞往往都是單音節(jié)單詞。4大多助動詞、系動詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞，都有兩種發(fā)音形式弱讀的形式1.大多數有弱讀形式的單詞中，元音都變成了/?/；

at/?t/;as/?z/;had/h?d/；must/m?st/2．有少數幾個單詞的弱讀形式變成了／i/；

be/i/；been/bin/；me/mi/；the/ei/3.有時，一些常用詞的弱讀形式中省略了一個元音。

am/m/；has/z/；have/v/；is/z/4.有時，一些常用的弱讀形式中省略了一個輔音。

and/?n/；have/?v/；would/?d/；her/?:/5弱讀的形式1.大多數有弱讀形式的單詞中，元音都變成了/?要在連貫說話中應用弱讀形式，不是懂得了道理就能學會的，也不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，需要通過大量的模仿和練習才能學好。6要在連貫說話中應用弱讀形式，不是懂得了道理就能學會的，也不是朗讀下列句子，注意弱讀

1)

to/t?/

but/b?t/

IwanttocomebutIcan't.

2)

and/?nd/He'srichandfamous.

3)

than/e?n//en/Betterthanthat.

He'solderthansheis.

4)

but/b?t/

Shewantstosingbutshecan't.

5)

such/s?t∫/Wehaveproblems,suchaspollution.7朗讀下列句子，注意弱讀1)to/t?/but6)some/s?m/Therearesomecopieshere.7)any/?ni/Therearen'tanymore.

8)he/hi/Doeshewantany?9)her/h?/I'vemethermother.10)him/im/TellhimI'dliketo.

11)them/e?m//em/Ihaven'tseenthemyet.86)some/s?m/812)you/j?/Whatdoyouthink?13)your/j?/Takeyourtime.14)us/?s/Letusthinkitover.15)that/e?t/ThisisthehousethatJackbuilt.16)at/?t/

Atleastone.17)for/f?/It'sforyou.912)you/j?/918)from/fr?m/HecomesfromEngland.19)of/?v/I'dloveacupoftea.20)to/t?/Yououghttogo.21)an/?n/I'dlikeanapple.22)the/e?//ei/That'stheone.23)am/m/I'mgoingnow.1018)from/fr?m/1024)are/?/Whereareyougoing?25)is/z//s/He'shere.Myhatishere.26)was/w?z/Washethere?27)were/w?/Wewereverypleased.28)have/h?v/,/?v/,/v/They'veleft.Haveanybeenlost?1124)are/?/1129)had/h?d/,/d/Theyhadbetterhurry.30)has/?z/Whathashedone?Hehasjustarrived.31)do/du/,/d?/Doyouthinkso?32)does/d?z/Whendoesheleave?33)can/k?n/,/kn/Canyouhearme?34)could/k?d/Couldyoudoitnow?1229)had/h?d/,/d/12

35)should/∫?d/HowshouldIknow?36)there/e?/Thereisnothingleft.Therearenotenough.37)shall/??l,?l/HowshallIdolikethat?38)when/w?n/Herparentshadbeendeadwhenshewasachild.39)will/?l,l/Hewillgobackhometomorrow.40)would/w?d,?d,d/Hewouldbehappyifhehadpassedtheexam.13

35)should/∫?d/13

弱讀問題對策1.反復聆聽，熟悉弱讀。

單詞的弱讀會導致考生實際聽到的發(fā)音與自己熟悉的發(fā)音出現偏差，因此在平時復習時，考生應留意單詞在句中的弱讀，并對其進行反復聆聽，直至完全熟悉該弱讀現象2．熟記常見習語中的弱讀。

平時記憶聽力短文、對話中的常見習語時，應注意其中是否含有單詞的弱讀，并將其與這些習語一并牢記。

14弱讀問題對策1.反復聆聽，熟悉弱讀。

單詞的弱讀會導致考生強讀15強讀151.Whenthequestionisansweredinshortform,theauxiliaryverbshouldadoptthestrongform,like: ---Willyoucometomorrow? ---Yes,I‘will.16

1.Whenthequestionisanswer2.Whentheprepisplacedattheendofasentence,itshouldadoptthestrongform.

----Whoishewaiting‘for?172.Whentheprepisplacedat3.Whentheprepisfollowedbyanunstressedpersonalpronoun,itshouldbethestrongform. ----I’vebeenwaiting‘foryou.183.Whentheprepisfollowedb弱讀與強讀的區(qū)別1）弱讀形式和強讀形式各自的元音不同。

2）弱讀音節(jié)中常常省略了某一個音。19弱讀與強讀的區(qū)別1）弱讀形式和強讀形式各自的元音不同。19如果一個單詞被強讀，那么這個單詞中的：長元音會被讀的很清楚，并且顯得更長一些；雙元音會被讀的很飽滿，并且顯得很有彈性；落在重音上的短元音都會顯得更長一些；重音所在的音節(jié)可能帶著不同的語調（升調、降調、降升調）……20如果一個單詞被強讀，那么這個單詞中的：20如果一個單詞被弱讀，那么這個單詞中的：長元音會變得短一些（幾乎與短元音的長度相當）；重音音節(jié)會變得與非重音音階一樣輕；很多元音都會發(fā)生變化，向/?/靠攏；輕輔音/s/、/t/、/k/、/f/之后的元音/?/可能會直接被省略掉……21如果一個單詞被弱讀，那么這個單詞中的：21PracticeHaveyouevertriedDiana’sCakes?Theyaresodelicious.Ihaveeatenmanydifferentkindsofcakes.ButIhavenevertastedanything,quitelikecakesmadebyDiane.Sheusesthebestandthefinestingredientsthatmoneycanbuy.Thebestflour,thebesteggsandthebestmilk.22PracticeHaveyouevertriedDi

23

23Haveyouevertried

Diane’sCakes?Theyaresodelicious.Ihaveeatenmany

differentkindsofcakes,but,Ihavenevertastedanything,quitelikecakesmadebyDiane.

sheusesthefinestandfreshest

ingredientsthatmoneycanbuy.Thebestflour,thebesteggs

and

thebestmilk.24HaveyouevertriedDiane’sC2525

Someexamplesofstrong/weakforms:

Weakform Samplesentence

1. a /eI/ /?/ We'vegotadog.2. an /?n/ /?n/ Takeanapple.3. her /h?://h?/,/?:/,/?/What'shername?4. his /hIz/ /Iz/ Johnhadhishaircut.5. our /a??/ /ɑ:/ Wecandoitonourown.6. some/s?m//s?m/,/sm/ Getmesomewater.7. the /ei:/ /eI/,/e?/ Theysawtheyoungandtheold.8. your /j?:/ /j?/ Takeyourtime.9. he /hi:/ /hI/,/I/ Whatdidhedo?10. me /mi:/ /mI/ Letmehavealook.WordsSF26

Someexamplesofstrong/we11. she /?i:/ /?I/ Didshecome?12. them /eem//e?m/,/em/ Letthemgo.13. us /?s/ /?s/ Hetoldusastory.14. we /wi:/ /wI/ Hereweare.15. you /ju:/ /j?/ Didyouseemypen?16. him /hIm//Im/ Givehimapen.17. am /?m/ /?m/,/m/ I'mproudofit.18. are /ɑ:/ /?/ Whatareyoudoing?19. be /bi:/ /bI/ Don'tbelate.20. can /k?n//k?n/,/kn/ WhatcanIdo?

WordsSFWeakform Samplesentence2711. she /?i:/ /?I/ Didsh21. do /du:/ /d?/,/d/ WhatdoyoudoonSundays?22. does /d?z/ /d?z/ Whendoesthetrainleave?23. had /h?d/ /h?d/,/?d/,/d/Howmanyhadhehad?24. has /h?z/ /h?z/,/?z/,/z/,/s/Whathashappened?25. have /h?v/ /h?v/,/?v/,/v/Thekidshavegone.26. is /Iz/ /z/,/s/ Heiscoming.27. must /m?st/ /m?st/,/m?s/Wemustgonow.28. shall /??l/ /??l/,/?l/ Whatshallwedo?29. was /w?z/ /w?z/,/wz/ Hewasout.30. were /w?:/ /w?/ Wewerealllate.

WordsSFWeakform Samplesentence2821. do /du:/ /d?/,/d/ 29. was /w?z/ /w?z/,/wz/ Hewasout.30. were /w?:/ /w?/ Wewerealllate.31. will /wIl/ /w?l/,/?l/ Thatwilldo.32 at /?t/ /?t/ Lookathim.33. for /f?:/ /f?/ Isitforme?34. from /fr?m//fr?m/,/frm/ Theycomefromthestates.35. of /?v/ /?v/,/v/,/f/ It'sverykindofyou.36. to /tu:/ /t?/ Youdon'thavetoworry.37. and /?nd/ /?nd/,/?n/,/nd/,/n/Wehadfishandchips.38. as /?z/ /?z/ Justasyoulike.39. but /b?t/ /b?t/ It'sgoodbutexpensive.40. so /s??/ /s?/ It'snotsocoldhere.41. than /e?n/ /e?n/ It'sbiggerthanthis.42. that /e?t/ /e?t/ Hesaidthathewascoming.

WordsSFWeakform Samplesentence2929. was /w?z/ /w?z/,/wz/ Hew+教材P81P82P8330

+教材P81P82P8330練習

What'sthemachinefor?

It'sfordetectingoil.

Whereareyoufrom?iI'mfromtheUK.

Whocanfinishthetask?

Ican

31練習

What'sthemachinefor?

ItJohnandIwillreturnsoon.

Johnnyisadriver,andMaryisadrivertoo.

WillMarygotolondon?

Yes,shewill.Shewillgotolondonnextweek.

32JohnandIwillreturnsoon.

Iwillgivehimapresent.Thepresentisforhim.

Sheisamemberofyourprogram.

Idoworkasengineer.Iloveitmore.

It'sapieceofcake.33Iwillgivehimapresent.TheStrongForms&WeakForms強讀和弱讀34

StrongForms&WeakForms強讀和弱讀1弱讀一個英文單詞如果由多個音節(jié)構成，那么其中至少有一個音節(jié)是重音；如果，音節(jié)足夠多的話，那么可能還有次重音以及一個以上的重音。同樣的道理，一個句子由多個單詞構成，那么，其中總是有至少一個單詞被強讀，而相對來看，其它的單詞會被弱讀。35弱讀一個英文單詞如果由多個音節(jié)構成，那么其中至少有弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成[?]或[i]。

如下幾個單詞：at,of,the,to,as,than,and,or,his,a,an,but,been,for,her,we,be,shall,was,them,弱讀的頻率達到90％，其中a,an,the,than極少用強式。查字典會發(fā)現這些詞都至少有兩種讀音，如for:重讀時[f?:],弱讀時[f?]；as的強讀形式是/?z/，弱讀形式是/?z/。36弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成[?]或[i]。

如下大多助動詞、系動詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞，都有兩種發(fā)音形式：強讀式、弱讀式。這些單詞往往都是單音節(jié)單詞。37大多助動詞、系動詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞，都有兩種發(fā)音形式弱讀的形式1.大多數有弱讀形式的單詞中，元音都變成了/?/；

at/?t/;as/?z/;had/h?d/；must/m?st/2．有少數幾個單詞的弱讀形式變成了／i/；

be/i/；been/bin/；me/mi/；the/ei/3.有時，一些常用詞的弱讀形式中省略了一個元音。

am/m/；has/z/；have/v/；is/z/4.有時，一些常用的弱讀形式中省略了一個輔音。

and/?n/；have/?v/；would/?d/；her/?:/38弱讀的形式1.大多數有弱讀形式的單詞中，元音都變成了/?要在連貫說話中應用弱讀形式，不是懂得了道理就能學會的，也不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，需要通過大量的模仿和練習才能學好。39要在連貫說話中應用弱讀形式，不是懂得了道理就能學會的，也不是朗讀下列句子，注意弱讀

1)

to/t?/

but/b?t/

IwanttocomebutIcan't.

2)

and/?nd/He'srichandfamous.

3)

than/e?n//en/Betterthanthat.

He'solderthansheis.

4)

but/b?t/

Shewantstosingbutshecan't.

5)

such/s?t∫/Wehaveproblems,suchaspollution.40朗讀下列句子，注意弱讀1)to/t?/but6)some/s?m/Therearesomecopieshere.7)any/?ni/Therearen'tanymore.

8)he/hi/Doeshewantany?9)her/h?/I'vemethermother.10)him/im/TellhimI'dliketo.

11)them/e?m//em/Ihaven'tseenthemyet.416)some/s?m/812)you/j?/Whatdoyouthink?13)your/j?/Takeyourtime.14)us/?s/Letusthinkitover.15)that/e?t/ThisisthehousethatJackbuilt.16)at/?t/

Atleastone.17)for/f?/It'sforyou.4212)you/j?/918)from/fr?m/HecomesfromEngland.19)of/?v/I'dloveacupoftea.20)to/t?/Yououghttogo.21)an/?n/I'dlikeanapple.22)the/e?//ei/That'stheone.23)am/m/I'mgoingnow.4318)from/fr?m/1024)are/?/Whereareyougoing?25)is/z//s/He'shere.Myhatishere.26)was/w?z/Washethere?27)were/w?/Wewereverypleased.28)have/h?v/,/?v/,/v/They'veleft.Haveanybeenlost?4424)are/?/1129)had/h?d/,/d/Theyhadbetterhurry.30)has/?z/Whathashedone?Hehasjustarrived.31)do/du/,/d?/Doyouthinkso?32)does/d?z/Whendoesheleave?33)can/k?n/,/kn/Canyouhearme?34)could/k?d/Couldyoudoitnow?4529)had/h?d/,/d/12

35)should/∫?d/HowshouldIknow?36)there/e?/Thereisnothingleft.Therearenotenough.37)shall/??l,?l/HowshallIdolikethat?38)when/w?n/Herparentshadbeendeadwhenshewasachild.39)will/?l,l/Hewillgobackhometomorrow.40)would/w?d,?d,d/Hewouldbehappyifhehadpassedtheexam.46

35)should/∫?d/13

弱讀問題對策1.反復聆聽，熟悉弱讀。

單詞的弱讀會導致考生實際聽到的發(fā)音與自己熟悉的發(fā)音出現偏差，因此在平時復習時，考生應留意單詞在句中的弱讀，并對其進行反復聆聽，直至完全熟悉該弱讀現象2．熟記常見習語中的弱讀。

平時記憶聽力短文、對話中的常見習語時，應注意其中是否含有單詞的弱讀，并將其與這些習語一并牢記。

47弱讀問題對策1.反復聆聽，熟悉弱讀。

單詞的弱讀會導致考生強讀48強讀151.Whenthequestionisansweredinshortform,theauxiliaryverbshouldadoptthestrongform,like: ---Willyoucometomorrow? ---Yes,I‘will.49

1.Whenthequestionisanswer2.Whentheprepisplacedattheendofasentence,itshouldadoptthestrongform.

----Whoishewaiting‘for?502.Whentheprepisplacedat3.Whentheprepisfollowedbyanunstressedpersonalpronoun,itshouldbethestrongform. ----I’vebeenwaiting‘foryou.513.Whentheprepisfollowedb弱讀與強讀的區(qū)別1）弱讀形式和強讀形式各自的元音不同。

2）弱讀音節(jié)中常常省略了某一個音。52弱讀與強讀的區(qū)別1）弱讀形式和強讀形式各自的元音不同。19如果一個單詞被強讀，那么這個單詞中的：長元音會被讀的很清楚，并且顯得更長一些；雙元音會被讀的很飽滿，并且顯得很有彈性；落在重音上的短元音都會顯得更長一些；重音所在的音節(jié)可能帶著不同的語調（升調、降調、降升調）……53如果一個單詞被強讀，那么這個單詞中的：20如果一個單詞被弱讀，那么這個單詞中的：長元音會變得短一些（幾乎與短元音的長度相當）；重音音節(jié)會變得與非重音音階一樣輕；很多元音都會發(fā)生變化，向/?/靠攏；輕輔音/s/、/t/、/k/、/f/之后的元音/?/可能會直接被省略掉……54如果一個單詞被弱讀，那么這個單詞中的：21PracticeHaveyouevertriedDiana’sCakes?Theyaresodelicious.Ihaveeatenmanydifferentkindsofcakes.ButIhavenevertastedanything,quitelikecakesmadebyDiane.Sheusesthebestandthefinestingredientsthatmoneycanbuy.Thebestflour,thebesteggsandthebestmilk.55PracticeHaveyouevertriedDi

56

23Haveyouevertried

Diane’sCakes?Theyaresodelicious.Ihaveeatenmany

differentkindsofcakes,but,Ihavenevertastedanything,quitelikecakesmadebyDiane.

sheusesthefinestandfreshest

ingredientsthatmoneycanbuy.Thebestflour,thebesteggs

and

thebestmilk.57HaveyouevertriedDiane’sC5825

Someexamplesofstrong/weakforms:

Weakform Samplesentence

1. a /eI/ /?/ We'vegotadog.2. an /?n/ /?n/ Takeanapple.3. her /h?://h?/,/?:/,/?/What'shername?4. his /hIz/ /Iz/ Johnhadhishaircut.5. our /a??/ /ɑ:/ Wecandoitonourown.6. some/s?m//s?m/,/sm/ Getmesomewater.7. the /ei:/ /eI/,/e?/ Theysawtheyoungandtheold.8. your /j?:/ /j?/ Takeyourtime.9. he /hi:/ /hI/,/I/ Whatdidhedo?10. me /mi:/ /mI/ Letmehavealook.WordsSF59

Someexamplesofstrong/we11. she /?i:/ /?I/ Didshecome?12. them /eem//e?m/,/em/ Letthemgo.13. us /?s/ /?s/ Hetoldusastory.14. we /wi:/ /wI/ Hereweare.15. you /ju:/ /j?/ Didyouseemypen?16. him /hIm//Im/ Givehimapen.17. am /?m/ /?m/,/m/ I'mproudofit.18. are /ɑ:/ /?/ Whatareyoudoing?19. be /bi:/ /bI/ Don'tbelate.20. can /k?n//k?n/,/kn/ WhatcanIdo?

WordsSFWeakform Samplesentence6011. she /?i:/ /?I/ Didsh21. do /du:/ /d?/,/d/ WhatdoyoudoonSundays?22. does /d?z/ /d?z/ Whendoesthetrainleave?23. had /h?d/ /h?d/,/?d/,/d/Howmanyhadhehad?24. has /h?z/ /h?z/,/?z/,/z/,/s/Whathashappened?25. have /h?v/ /h?v/,/?v/,/v/Thekidshavegone.26. is /Iz/ /z/,/s/ Heiscoming.27. must /m?st/ /m?