Unit5語法導學案-高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

第一學期高一級英語導學案【單元標題】Book1unit5第4課時DiscoveringUsefulStructures導學案【單元主題】本單元以“世界上的語言”為主題，通過了解聯(lián)合國的工作語言、漢字的發(fā)展、英式英語和美式英語的主要區(qū)別、英語學習中遇到的困難和解決困難的建議等獲得文化信息?！緦W習目標】1.理解并運用關系副詞when、where、why引導的定語從句；理解in/for/atwhich在定語從句中相當于where、why、when2.能夠運用定語從句描述事物的具體信息【學前診斷】1.復習和測試關系代詞的用法。2.理解關系副詞when、where、why以及介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句。課前預習案和課中探究案使用說明：課前只完成導學案每部分的自主學習部分，合作探究部分課上師生共同完成?！緦W習過程】Presentation[課文句子回顧]誦讀下列例句并感知畫線部分的共性及指代什么。1．(教材P62)Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.2．(教材P62)EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywhereChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3．(教材P64)ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountrywhereGermanwasspoken.4．(教材P64)Ifinallyunderstoodthereasonwhymymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.5．(教材P68)ThenIsawanadvertisementthatofferedawonderfulsummercourse,andthatwasthedaywhenIdecidedtotakeonanewlanguage.6．ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.[共性呈現(xiàn)]1．所有畫線部分都是關系_________引導的定語從句。2．關系副詞when在定語從句中作_________狀語(第5、6句)。3．關系副詞where在定語從句中作__________狀語(第2、3句)。4．關系副詞why在定語從句中作____________狀語(第1、4句)。[觀察思考1]1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIwenttotheGreatWallwithmyfriends.我還記得我和朋友去長城的那一天。Istillrememberthedaywhich/thatIspentwithmyfriendsontheGreatWall.我還記得我和朋友在長城上度過的那一天。Thevillagewherehegrewupisnotfarawayfromourtown.他長大的村莊離我們的小鎮(zhèn)不遠。Thevillagewhich/thatyouvisitedlastweekismyfather’shometown.我們上周參觀的村莊是我爸爸的家鄉(xiāng)。Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我堅決不聽你提供給我們的那個理由。[探究總結(jié)1]當先行詞為表示時間的名詞且定語從句中缺少時間狀語時，定語從句用________引導，但定語從句中缺少_________或________，則改用________或___________引導。當先行詞為表示地點的名詞且定語從句中缺少地點狀語時，定語從句用________引導，但定語從句中缺少_________或________，則改用________或___________引導。當先行詞為表示原因的名詞reason且定語從句中缺少原因狀語時，定語從句用________引導，但定語從句中缺少_________或________，則改用________或___________引導。[即學即練1]對比填空：that,which,when,where,why(1)Iwillneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.(2)Iwillneverforgetthedays________westayedtogether.(3)Thereason___________heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.(4)Thereason________hewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.(5)Keepthebookinaplace________youcanfinditeasily.(6)Thisisthehouse___________wasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.[即學即練2]Practice：Workinpairs.Askandanswerthequestions.A:Whatkindofdaymakesyouhappy?B：It'sadaywhen...A:What'syourfavouriteplaceatschool?B:It's...,becauseitisaplacewhere...A:Whatkindofteachersdoyoulikebest?B:Iliketeacherswho...A:Whodoyouadmiremost?Why?B:Iadmire...That'sthereasonwhy...“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句[課文句子顧]誦讀下列例句并感知畫線部分指代什么1．(教材P62)Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved.2.(教材P62)WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.[觀察思考2]Doyourememberthedaywhen/onwhichyoujoinedourdebateclub?你記得你加入我們辯論俱樂部的那天嗎？Thisisthecompanywhere/inwhichweworkedlastyear.=Thisisthecompanywhich/thatweworkedinlastyear.這是我們過年工作過的公司。Themanwithwhomyoujustshookhandswasourheadmaster.=Themanwhom/whoyoujustshookhandswithwasourheadmaster.剛才跟你握手的男人是我們的校長。Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhegaveupthechance.[探究總結(jié)2]關系副詞(when、where、why)可以用“____詞+which”替換。其中why=_______+which(如句4)?！敖樵~+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，修飾事物時關系代詞用_________而不用that;(如句1、2、4)；修飾人時可用__________而不用who(如句3)。在定語從句中，當關系代詞which作介詞的賓語時，既可以把介詞放在which之前，也可以放在從句的末尾。當介詞放在從句的末尾時，關系代詞既可以用which也可用that(如句2、3等號后句)。注意：(1)有些“動詞＋介詞”的固定短語，如lookfor，lookafter，sendfor，callon，comeacross，longfor等，不可拆開，把介詞置于關系代詞之前。Isthisthewatchwhichheislookingfor?(不能說：Isthisthewatchforwhichheislooking？）這是你要找的手表嗎？[觀察思考3] Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.這就是他經(jīng)常用來拍照的相機。Thisisthepilotwithwhommyfatherhasworkedfortenyears.這就是和我爸爸一起工作了10年的那位飛行員。Myfriendhelpsmealot,forwhichIamgratefultohim.我朋友幫了我很大忙，因此我很感激他。Therewasaseriouscaraccidentnearbyyesterday,forwhichthedrunkdriverwasresponsible.昨天附近發(fā)生嚴重的車禍，這個醉駕司機要負全責。[探究總結(jié)3]“介詞＋關系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以1）依據(jù)與__________的搭配，(如句1);2）與定語從句中謂語________的搭配，(如句2)；3）與定語從句中的__________的搭配，(如句4)；4）與前面句子意義來確定(如句3)。[觀察思考4]Theriver,thebanksofwhicharecoveredwithtrees,flowstothesea.這條河流入大海，河的兩岸種滿了樹。Hehasthreesons,twoofwhomareteachers.他有三個兒子，其中兩個是老師。Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofwhichhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.瑪麗亞已經(jīng)寫了兩部小說，這兩部都被拍成了電視劇。[探究總結(jié)4]“名詞(如句1)/數(shù)詞(如句2)/代詞(如句3)等＋介詞of＋關系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。有時“介詞＋關系代詞”前還會有名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞等，表示部分、整體、數(shù)量等概念。[應用實踐]同義句轉(zhuǎn)換IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.→Iwillneverforgettheday________________Ijoinedthearmy.Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?→Canyoutellmetheoffice_________________heworks?Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyhehasnotturnedup.→Nobodyknowsthereason_________________hehasnotturnedup.一句多譯這就是我們曾經(jīng)住過的房間。Thisistheroom________/________weoncelivedin.Thisistheroom__________________weoncelived.Thisistheroom__________weoncelived.這就是我給其買書的那個學生。Thisisthestudent________/_______/________Iboughtabookfor.Thisisthestudent_________________Iboughtabook.注意事項[觀察思考5]Youhavereachedapointwheremedicinecan’thelp.你已到了藥物無法治療的地步。2I’vereachedthestagewhereIjustdon’tcareanymore.我已經(jīng)到了一種什么都不在乎的地步。Weareinapositionwherewemaylosealargesumofmoney.我們處于可能會損失大量金錢的境地。Therearecaseswherethisruledoesnotholdwell.在一些情況下，這個規(guī)則是不適用的。Iilketheway(that/inwhich)theteachergiveshislessons.我喜歡這位老師上課的方式。[探究總結(jié)5]用where引導定語從句，先行詞不一定都表示地點。有一些先行詞，如point、stage、position、case、situation等，以屬于抽象的地點名詞，需要用where引導定語從句。（2）當先行詞是way且在從句中作方式狀語時，關系詞可用inwhich或that,也可省略。[即學即練]單句語法填空(1)Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof________hasbeenproved.(2)Mycomputer,without________Ican'tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.(3)Thegirlto________youtalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.(4)Ihaveabout10books,halfof________werewrittenbyMoYan.[課后演練1]單句語法填空1．Thereason_____________shechangedhermindisquiteclear.2．Thedays________theytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.3．Isawahouse,thewindowsof________werebroken.4．Shehastwosons,bothof________graduatedfromHarvardUniversity.5．Nobodyknowsthereasonfor________shedidn'tattendthemeeting.6．Wewentthroughaperiod________communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.7．Thechildren,allof________hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.8．Wevisitedthecarfactory________myuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.9．Thisisthefactory