高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷分類匯編閱讀理解(含答案)100

高考英語(yǔ)二模試卷分類匯編閱讀理解（含答案）100一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解.閱讀理解Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countriesbetween1914and2014.TheresultsshowthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin1914,Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12thplacetoclaimtopspotwithanaverageheightof182.5cm.Latvianwomen,meanwhile,rosefrom28thplacein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheightof169.8cm.JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,London,saystheglobaltrendislikelytobeduetoimprovementsinnutritionandhealthcare."Anindividual'sgeneticshasabiginfluenceontheirheight,butonceyouaverageoverwholepopulations,geneticsplaysalesskeyrole,"headded.Alittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantages,saysElioRiboliofImperialCollege."Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy,"hesaid."Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseamongtallerpeople."Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanyAfricancountriescausesconcern,saysRiboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury,thetrendhasreversedinrecentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds."Onereasonforthesedecreasesinheightistheeconomicsituationinthe1980s,"saidAlexanderMoradioftheUniversityofSussex.Thenutritionalandhealthcrisesthatfollowedthepolicyofstructuraladjustment,hesays,ledtomanychildrenandteenagersfailingtoreachtheirfullpotential(潛力)intermsofheight.Benthambelievestheglobaltrendofincreasingheighthasimportantimplications"Howtallwearenowisstronglyinfluencedbytheenvironmentwegrewupin,"hesaid."Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome.")Whatdoestheglobalstudytellusaboutpeople'sheightinthelastcentury?Theincreaseinpeople'sheighthasbeenquickening.Theincreaseinwomen'sheightisbiggerthaninmen's.Thereisaremarkabledifferenceacrosscontinents.Therehasbeenanoticeableincreaseinmostcountries.WhatdoesElioRibolisayabouttallerpeople?A.Theyenjoyaneasierlife. B.Theytendtolivelonger.C.Theyriskfewerdeadlydiseases. D.Theyhavegreaterexpectationsinlife.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reversed"inParagraph5mean?A.Sloweddown.B.Goneupwards.C.Changedtothecontrary.D.Cometolifeagain.WhatdoesJamesBenthamsuggestwedo?Ensurechildren'spropernutritionandhealthcare.Improvetheeconomicsituationofsomecountries.Watchtheglobaltrendofincreasingheightclosely.Attachgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.【答案】 （1）DBCA【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，全球研究調(diào)查了上個(gè)世紀(jì)人們平均身高增長(zhǎng)了的結(jié)論。全球身高增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)有著重要的影響。我們現(xiàn)在的身高很大程度上受到我們成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境的影響。如果我們現(xiàn)在給孩子們最好的人生開(kāi)端，他們?cè)谖磥?lái)幾十年里會(huì)更健康，更年富力強(qiáng)。作者建議我們要確保孩子們的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和醫(yī)療保健。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 ”P(pán)eoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countriesbetween1914and2014.在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，人們的身高不斷增長(zhǎng)，韓國(guó)女性的平均身高增加了“20厘米以上，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了 16.5厘米。一項(xiàng)全球研究調(diào)查了 1914年至2014年間200個(gè)國(guó)家18歲青年的平均身高。 "可知，這項(xiàng)全球研究調(diào)查了 1914年到2014年200個(gè)國(guó)家18歲年輕人的平均身高，得出了上個(gè)世紀(jì)人們平均身高增長(zhǎng)了的結(jié)論。故選D。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的”Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy可知，身材更高的人平均壽命更長(zhǎng)。故選“ B。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段中的 ”WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury而在“20世紀(jì)早期，烏干達(dá)和尼日爾的身高有所增加；以及 ”withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.在“18歲的人群中，隨著身高的下降?？芍?， reversed的意思是"反轉(zhuǎn) "。故選 C。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的 ”Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome.如果我們現(xiàn)在給孩子們最好的“人生開(kāi)端，他們?cè)谖磥?lái)的幾十年里會(huì)更健康，更年富力強(qiáng)?？芍ㄗh我們要確保孩子們的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和醫(yī)療保健。故選 A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和詞義猜測(cè)兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。閱讀理解Lastweek,VodafonestartedatestoftheUK'sfirstfull5Gservice,availableforusebybusinessesinSalford.ItispartofitsplantotrialthetechnologyinsevenUKcities.Butwhatcanweexpectfromthenextgenerationofmobiletechnology?Onethingwewillseeinthepreparationforthetestislotsoftrickswiththenewtech.Earlierthisyear,operatorspaidalmost ￡1.4billionforthe5Gwavelengths,andtocompensateforthatcash,theywillneedtocatchtheeyeofconsumers.InSeptember,VodafoneuseditsbitoftherangetodisplaytheUK'sfirsthologram（全息）call.TheManchesterCitycaptainStephHoughtonappearedasaholograminNewbury.Itisn'tallholograms,however:5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom(英國(guó)通訊管理局)suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.Thewiderapplicationistosupportconnectedequipmentonthe"internetofthings"-notjusttheinternet-enabledfridgethatcanreorderyourmilkforyou,butthenetworkthatwillenabledriverlesscarsanddeliverydrones(無(wú)人機(jī))tocommunicatewitheachother.ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.Obviously,5Gwillalsobringacosttoconsumers.Itrequiresahandsetforboth5Gand4G,andthefirst5G-enabledsmartphonesareexpectedinthecomingyear.Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.WhydoesProfWilliamWebbsay"thetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes"?Heisinfavoroftheapplicationofthenewtechnology.5Gwillbringacosttoconsumersintheirdailylife.5Ghelpspeoplecommunicatebetterwitheachother.Heprefersmoremoneytobespenton4Gnetworks.Theunderlinedword"addressing"inthefourthparagraphhastheclosestmeaningto.A.makingaspeechtoB.tryingtosolveC.managingtodecreaseD.respondingto(3)Thelastparagraphindicatesthat.it'lltakeseveralyears.tomake5GaccessibletothepublicintheUK5Gserviceshowshugedevelopmentpotentialandabroadmarketcustomersareeagertouse5Gsmartphonesinsteadof4Gonesit'sprobablethat5GnetworkrolloutisspeedingupinBritainWhatdoweknowaboutthetext?Vodafoneissuccessfulinspreadingthe5Gservice.StephHoughtonappearedasahologramby4G.Theapplicationof5Gwillmakelifemucheasier.5GphonesareavailableinruralareasoftheUK.【答案】(1)D⑵BAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是 4G向5G的轉(zhuǎn)變。5G會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)更多的好處，使人們的生活更加舒適。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.可知，ProfWilliamWebb說(shuō)“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能是皇帝新衣的一個(gè)例子 ”是因?yàn)樗敢獍迅嗟腻X花在 4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。故選 D。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中 OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.其他不同的聲音表示，集中精力推廣更廣泛的農(nóng)村寬帶接“入，解決目前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋問(wèn)題，將對(duì)整個(gè)英國(guó)更有利。 ”由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是 “試圖解TOC\o"1-5"\h\z決”。故選 B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段 Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.可知，最后一段指出，讓5G在英國(guó)向公眾開(kāi)放需要幾年的時(shí)間。故選 A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中 5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom（英國(guó)通訊管理局）suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.可知，5G的應(yīng)用將使生活變得更容易。故選 C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇說(shuō)明類閱讀，要求考生先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的：段落、語(yǔ)句，仔細(xì)品味，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。閱讀理解AfamousAnglicanChurchstandsinaquietcornerofDunedininNewZealand'sSouthIsland.Builtin1865,itisthecity'soldestchurchstillinuse.Countlesscoupleshavegatheredheretomarry.It'swheremorningtearsareshared,friendshipsformedandcomfortgivenduringtimesofloss.Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollectionofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.Knownasthe"JohnAllenwindow",onewindowportraystheshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.JohnwasthesonofSirJamesAllen,whoasMinisterofDefense,helpedplanandadministerNewZealand'sWorldWarIstrategy,whichsaw100,000troopssenttofight.Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschosetoinstallawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamilyhadstrongties.Dividedintotwoparts,onedepicts（描繪 ）St.George,thepatronsaint（守護(hù)神）ofsoldiers,whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthebottom,"JohnHughAllGallipoli,6thJune,1915".Twotreeswithlocalbirdsonthebranchescanbeseenandakiwiwalksatthebottom-remindersthatJohnwasaloverofbirds."Therearemanywarmemorialsinthechurch,"saysthechurch."Howeverthe'JohnAllenwindow'standsout;ittouchespeoplebecauseofthebeautifuldesign,theNewZealandbirds

andbecauseJohn'sstory,ofalifesofullofpromiseendingtragicallyinthewar,reflectsthelivesandstoriesofsomanyothersinvolvedinWorldWarI."Whatdoestheword"portrays"inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Starts. B.Changes. C.Treasures. D.Represents.SirJamesAllenbuiltthe"JohnAllenwindow"to.A.celebratetheendofWorldWarIB.honorthetroopsintheGallipolicampaignC.rememberhisson'ssacrificetothecountryD.showthefamily'sclosetieswiththechurchWhatmightbethemainthemeofthepicturesonthewindow?A.Freedomandequality.B.Peaceandwar.C.Humanandnature.D.Marriageandfamily.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ABraveSoldierB.WindowonaLifeC.CrueltyoftheWarD.AGrandChurch【答案】(1)D⑵CBB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一所教堂中一個(gè)被稱為 “約翰艾倫之窗”的窗戶，上面描繪了一位當(dāng)?shù)厝思s翰 艾倫的短暫生命。這是約翰的父親為了紀(jì)念他的兒子為國(guó)(1)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的1915(1)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.地男子JohnAllen短暫的一生，他于“theshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin可知被稱為"JohnAllenwindow的一'扇窗戶描繪了當(dāng)1915年在土耳其的加里波利戰(zhàn)役中犧牲?？芍猵ortrays意思為描繪”，故選D。Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschoseto(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschosetoinstallawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamilyhadstrongties. 隨著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束和他兒子的去世，SirJames選擇在教堂里安裝了一扇窗戶，艾倫家族與這扇窗戶有著密切的聯(lián)系?？芍猄irJamesAllen建造了"JohrAllenwindow",以紀(jì)念他的兒子為國(guó)家做出的犧牲。故選Co(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的 "Dividedintotwoparts,onedepictsSt.George,thepatronsaintofsoldiers,whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthebottom,JohnHughAllGallipoli,6thJune,1915'繪畫(huà)分為兩部分，一部分描繪了士兵的守護(hù)神圣喬治，另一部分描繪了和平天使，最下面寫(xiě)著 “JohnHughAllGallipoli,1915年6月6日”?？赏浦袄锏漠?huà)的主題應(yīng)當(dāng)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平。故選 Bo(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段 “Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollectionofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.Knownasthe“JohnAllenwindow”,onewindowportraystheshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.與許多教堂一樣，它的墻壁上裝飾著一系列美麗的彩色玻璃窗。一個(gè)窗子被稱為 “約翰艾倫之窗",上面描繪了一位當(dāng)?shù)厝思s翰 艾倫的短暫生命，他于1915年在土耳其的加利波利戰(zhàn)役中去世。)以及文章主要內(nèi)容為描述這個(gè)玻璃窗畫(huà)背后的故事，故選 B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解WhenIwasakid,Iwasthegirlwhokeptthetrainingwheelsonmybikeaslongaspossible.Evenmyyoungersisterhadgotridofthemmuchearlierthanme.ButasIbegantogrowolder,thischanged.AllthishappenedontheBikeSafetyDay.Itissupposedtobeafundayatschoolwhenallofuskidsbringourbikestoschoolandtheschoolprovidesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbikesafety.Soundslikefun,right?No.Infact,itcausedmetopanic.WhatwasIgoingtosaywhenmyfriendsaskedmeaboutmytrainingwheels?Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels,Ideterminedtoletthemgo.ThiswasthefirstbigchangeI'devermadeonmyown.Iwenttomyparentsandtoldthemallaboutmydilemma.Theyweremorethanhappytohelp.Wewentoutsideandgotmybike.Insteadofrunningawayandhidingbehind,Istoodinfrontofmybikeandtookgreatprideinmydecisionasmydadremovedthetrainingwheels.Igotonandsteadiedmyself.Myheartracedbutmyfeetandhandswerecalm.MydadstartedtopushbeforemyfeetevenmovedandsuddenlyIwasoff.Thefearfadedawayandarelaxedmindcameintoitsplace.ItwascrazytothinkhowquicklyIlearnedsomethingthattooksolongformetoeventry!Myconfidencesoared.Thiswasgoingtobethestartofabrandnewworldforme.Myaccomplishmentwouldcarrymeforthtonewgoalsandwins.IrealizedthatifIsetmymindtosomething,Icouldachieveit.WhatdoestheschoolexpectthestudentstodoonBikeSafetyDay?A.Havetheirbikeschecked. B.Rideoutsideforfun.C.Acquirebikesafetyskills. D.Removethetrainingwheels.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"(inParagraph3)referto?A.Theauthor'sfriends. B.Theauthor'sparents.C.Thesafetyproblems. D.Thetrainingwheels.Whathappenedwhentheauthorfinallyrodewithoutthetrainingwheels?A.Shefeltextremelyembarrassed.B.Everythingturnedouttobeeasy.C.Sheendedupflatontheground.D.Hersistersfollowedherexample.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisnecessaryforhertoachieveagoal?A.Patience.B.Determination.C.Pressure.D.Concentration.【答案】(1)C⑵DBB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車的故事，學(xué)會(huì)了騎自行車讓作者擁有了自信，也讓作者意識(shí)到?jīng)Q心的重要性。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的 "Itissupposedtobeafundayatschoolwhenallofuskidsbringourbikestoschoolandtheschoolprovidesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbikesafety.這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)有趣的一天，在學(xué)校，當(dāng)我們所有的孩子把我們的自行車帶到學(xué)校，學(xué)校為我們提供了在外面騎車的機(jī)會(huì)，學(xué)習(xí)適當(dāng)?shù)淖孕熊嚢踩？芍?，學(xué)校希望學(xué)生在自行車安全日學(xué)習(xí)自行車安全技能。故選Co(2)考查代詞指代測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的 "Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels,Ideterminedtoletthemgo.在每個(gè)人都看到我的輔助輪的壓力下，我決定不要它們了?？芍诿總€(gè)人都看到我的訓(xùn)練輪的壓力下，我決定不要它們了。由此可見(jiàn)， them指代上文中的trainingwheels。故選D。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 "gotonandsteadiedmyself.Myheartracedbutmyfeetandhandswerecalm.MydadstartedtopushbeforemyfeetevenmovedandsuddenlyIwasoff.Thefearfadedawayandarelaxedmindcameintoitsplace.ItwascrazytothinkhowquicklyIlearnedsomethingthattooksolongformetoeventry!我上了車，穩(wěn)住自己。我的心怦怦直跳，但手腳卻很平靜。我的腳還沒(méi)來(lái)得及挪動(dòng)，爸爸就開(kāi)始推我，突然我就走了?？謶窒Я?，取而代之的是一種放松的心態(tài)。想想我花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才學(xué)會(huì)的東西，竟然這么快就學(xué)會(huì)了，真是瘋了 ！)可知，當(dāng)作者最終決定不使用輔助輪時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果一切都很容易了。故選Bo(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的 "IrealizedthatifIsetmymindtosomething,Icouldachieveit.我意識(shí)到，如果我下定決心，我可以實(shí)現(xiàn)它?？芍疚闹饕v述了作者學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車的故事，從而意識(shí)到?jīng)Q心非常重要。故選 Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。讀理解JaneAustenislovedmainlyasacharmingguidetofashionablelifeintheRegencyperiod(英國(guó)攝政時(shí)期).Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches(四輪四座大馬車).Butherownvisionofhertaskwascompletelydifferent.Shewasanambitiousandstrictmoralist.Shewashighlyconsciousofhumanfailingsandshehadadeepdesiretomakepeoplenicer:lessselfish,morereasonableandmoresensitivetotheneedsofothers.InPrideandPrejudice,Mr.DarcyandElizabethBonnetstartoffheartilydislikingeachotherandthen,graduallyrealizetheyareinlove.Theymakeoneofthegreatromanticcouples.Heishandsome,richandwellconnected;sheispretty,smartandlively.Butwhyactuallyaretheyrightforoneanother?JaneAustenisveryclear.It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.WhenMr.Darcyarrivesintheneighborhood,hefeels"superior"toeveryoneelse,becausehehasmoremoneyandhigherstatus.Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarrogance(自大)andpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.Mostly,wetendtothinkofloveaslikingsomeoneforwhotheyalreadyare,andoftotalacceptance.Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.WhatdoweknowaboutJaneAustenfromparagraph1?A.Shelivedafashionablelife. B.Shewroteaboutthelifeoftherich.C.Sheknewexactlyhumanvirtues. D.Shewasnicertolessselfishpeople.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Darcyfromthetext?HedislikesElizabethfromthebeginningtotheend.Heishandsome,richandrathermodest.Heiskindtoeveryoneintheneighborhood.HeneedsElizabethtopointouthisshortcomings.WhichpersonisrightforyouaccordingtoJaneAusten?Apersonthatyoulikeforwhoheorsheis.Apersonwithwhomyoufeelreallyrelaxed.Apersonmakingyoubecomeabettermanorwoman.Apersonwhodoessomethingsimilartoyou.WhatmessagedoesthebookPrideandPrejudiceconvey?A.Improveyourselfwithyourlover'shelp.Acceptthepeopleyoulovetotally.Earnmuchmoneytomakepeopleloveyou.Findyourtruelovewithprideandprejudice.【答案】(1)B⑵DCA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了簡(jiǎn)奧斯丁的著作《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中傳達(dá)了在愛(ài)人的幫助下提高自己的思想。簡(jiǎn) 奧斯丁認(rèn)為一個(gè)讓你成為更好的男人或女人的人最適合你。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 ”Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches.她因描述了一個(gè)充滿優(yōu)雅的房“子、舞蹈、仆人和時(shí)髦的年輕人駕著四輪馬車的世界而受到贊賞?？芍龑?xiě)了關(guān)于富人的生活。故選 B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的 ”Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarroganceandpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，伊麗莎白當(dāng)面譴責(zé)了他的傲慢和驕傲。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很“無(wú)禮，但后來(lái)他承認(rèn)這正是他所需要的?？芍_(dá)西先生需要伊麗莎白指出他的缺點(diǎn)。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的 ”Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.“但奧斯汀說(shuō)，適合我們的人，不僅僅是讓我們感到放松或舒適的人 ;他們必須能夠幫助我們克服失敗，變得更成熟、更誠(chéng)實(shí)、更善良 ——我們需要為他們做一些類似的事情?？芍?jiǎn) 奧斯丁認(rèn)為一個(gè)讓你成為更好的男人或女人的人最適合你。故TOC\o"1-5"\h\z選 C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的 ”It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.這是一個(gè)我們今天很少想到的原 “因:因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都可以教育且?guī)椭鷮?duì)方提高。可知《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》這本書(shū)傳達(dá)了在愛(ài)人的幫助下提高自己的信息。故選 A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解AlisonMalmonwastrappingup（完成 ）theendofherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofPennsylvania,USwhenshegotthenews:HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbiaUniversity,wassufferingfrommentalillness.Inspiredbythis,Malmonformedagroupatheruniversitytoempower（使能夠）studentstotalkopenlyaboutmentalhealth.Itsoonblossomedintoanationalorganizationthattodayhasmorethan450campuschapters.Leaderswiththeorganizationspendtheirtimetalkingwithcollegestudentsaboutthepressurethattoday'syoungpeopleface."Whatyouhearoftenisjustaneedtobeperfect,"saidMalmon,"andaneedtopresentoneselfasperfect."AndanewstudyintheUKprovedthatthisneedforperfectionismissimplypartoftoday'ssociety.Inthestudy,tworesearchersstudiedmorethan40,000studentsfromtheUS,Canada,andtheUK.Theyfoundthatwhattheycalled"sociallyprescribed（社會(huì)定向型的 ）perfectionism"increasedbyathirdbetween1989and2016.LeadresearcherThomasCurransaidthatwhilesomanyoftoday'syoungpeopletrytopresentaperfectappearanceonline,socialmediaisn'ttheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.Instead,hesaid,itmaybedrivenbycompetitioninmodernsociety,meaningyoungpeoplecan'tavoidbeingsortedandrankedinbotheducationandemployment.Thatcomesfromnewnorms（準(zhǔn)則）likegreaternumbersofcollegestudents,standardizedtestingandparentingthatincreasinglyemphasizessuccessineducation.Forexample,in1976,halfofhighschoolseniorsexpectedtogetacollegedegreeofsomekind.By2008,morethan80percentexpectedthesame.Theresearchersalsosaidchangesinparentingstylesoverthelasttwodecadesmighthavehadanimpact.Asparentsfeelincreasedpressuretoraisesuccessfulchildren,theyinturnpasstheir"achievementanxieties"ontotheirkidsthrough"excessive（過(guò)多的）involvementintheirchild'sroutines,activitiesoremotions"ThoseinthementalhealthcommunitylikeMalmonsaythey'reconcernedabouttheimpactthecultureofperfectionismhasonmentalhealthoncampuses."Mentalhealthhastrulybecomethisgeneration'ssocialjusticeissue,"shesaid."It'sourjobtoequipthemwiththetoolsandtoletpeopleknowthatit'snottheirfault."（1）Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?Theeffectsofthecultureofperfectionism.Researchintothetrendofperfectionism.Agroupdedicatedtohelpingpeoplestaymentallyhealthy.Variouspressuresthattoday'syoungpeoplearefacing.WhatinspiredAlisonMalmontostartagrouprelatedtomentalhealth?A.Herbrother'smentalillness.B.Herprojectduringthefreshmanyear.C.Thepressureshehadexperienced.D.Herstronginterestinmentalhealth.WhatdoesMalmonthinkisawaytohelpyoungpeoplemanagethepressureofperfectionism?A.Enablingthemtoknowwhatistoblamefortheirpressure.B.Loweringtheirexpectationsofthemselves.C.Reducingparentsinvolvementintheirchildren'slife.D.Makingthemawareofwhattruesocialjusticeis.【答案】 （1）BAA【解析】 【分析】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)完美主義會(huì)給人帶來(lái)壓力，進(jìn)而影響人的精神健康。造成完美主義的原因主要有三個(gè)，即自身原因，社會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，和父母教養(yǎng)。（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段的 AndanewstudyintheUKprovedthatthisneedforperfectionismissimplypartoftoday'ssociety，第五段的 LeadresearcherThomasCurransaidthatwhilesomanyoftoday'syoungpeopletrytopresentaperfectappearanceonline,socialmediaisn'ttheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.和第六段的 Theresearchersalsosaidchangesinparentingstylesoverthelasttwodecadesmighthavehadanimpact.可知本文主要講述對(duì)于完美主義這一趨勢(shì)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選 B項(xiàng)。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一、二段的 HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbiaUniversity,wassufferingfrommentalillness.Inspiredbythis,Malmonformedagroupatheruniversitytoempower(使能夠)studentstotalkopenlyaboutmentalhealth.可知Malmon受到哥哥精神疾病的啟發(fā)，發(fā)動(dòng)了一群人發(fā)表對(duì)精神健康的看法，故選A項(xiàng)。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的 shesaid."It'sourjobtoequipthemwiththetoolsandtoletpeopleknowthatit'snottheirfault."可知Malmon認(rèn)為要解決完美主義所帶來(lái)的壓力問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是給他們提供方法，并且讓他們知道有壓力不是他們的錯(cuò)，即要讓他們找到引起壓力的原因，故選A項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意仔細(xì)閱讀文章，從文章中找出答案；主旨大意題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7.閱讀理解Evenifyou'veneverbeentoPhoenix,youknowthisabouttheplaceIt'shot.FromJunetoSeptember,thetemperaturecaneasilysurpassthecenturymark.Butthatdoesn'tstophikersfromattemptingthe1.3-milehikingtothetopofthecity'sfamedCamelbackMountain.Signswarnthatthetrailis"extremelydifficult".Ifyoucontinue,apostedchecklistsuggestsatleastaliterofwaterperperson.Andifyou'restillnotstopped,anothersignfartherupdeclares:"Ifyou'rehalfwaythroughyourwater,turnaround!"Unfortunately,manypeopletonottakethewarningsseriously.Fortunatey,ScottCullymoredoes.The53-year-oldCullymorecanbefoundhikingupanddownCamelbackacoupleoftimesaday,givingoutcoldbottlesofwatertoworn-outhikers.Hehashelpedhydratesomanyhikersthathehasearnedaheavenlynickname:theWaterAngel.CullymorewasonCamelbackMountainonedayin2015whenaBritishtouristdiedafterbeinglostfornearlysixhoursintheJulyheat.ThatexperienceinspiredhimtostarthelpingpeoplecaughtunawarebythecrueltyofMotherNature."Theyunderestimatethemountain,andtheyoverestimatewhattheycando,andtheygetthemselvesintrouble."hewarned.Onehikerwhowasofferedwateragrees."Youthinkyouknowtheheat,butthenyougetouthereinthedesertanditsurroundsyoulikeablanket,"saidAustinHill,whowashikingwithahighschoolfriend.Theywerelucky,hesaidpointingtoCullymore."WeranintothisGoodSamaritanhere."Andwiththat,theWaterAngelgoesinsearchofanotherhikerinneed.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therisksinvolvedinthehiking. B.Theseriousnessofthewarnings.C.Thedistributionofsignsthatwarnhikers. D.Theinfluenceofthetemperatureonhikers.WhydidsomehikersonCamelbackMountaingetintrouble?Theywerenotwelltrainedinhiking.Theyforgottotakeenoughwaterwiththem.Theyweretoooptimisticaboutthesituation.Theywerenotfitenoughtohikethemountain.WhatcanweknowaboutAustinHill?A.Heagreedtohelpothers. B.HewassavedbyCullymore.C.Hehikedaloneinthedesert. D.Heregrettedtakingablanket.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheCamelbackMountainC.HikersinNeediiB.SurvivingtheHeatD.TheWaterAngel【答案】(1)AiiB.SurvivingtheHeatD.TheWaterAngel⑵CBD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，遠(yuǎn)足者低估夏日的 CamelbackMountain同時(shí)高估自己的能力，所以在遠(yuǎn)足途中遇到麻煩， Cullymore了解情況后決定幫助他們。 Cullymore通過(guò)在炎炎夏日給那些遠(yuǎn)足者提供水而被人們親切地稱為 水天使”。(1)考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的 "FromJunetoSeptember,thetemperaturecaneasilysurpassthecenturymark;"Signswarnthatthetrailis 'extremelydfifyiculcontinue'"apostedchecklistsuggestsatleastaliterofwaterperperson. 和“Ifyou'rehalfwaythroughyourwater,turnaround!可知在夏天去CamelbackMountain遠(yuǎn)足是非常艱難的，原因有兩個(gè)：一個(gè)是溫度很高，另一個(gè)是水。 故選Ao(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theyunderestimatethemountain,andtheyoverestimatewhattheycando,andtheygetthemselvesintrouble. 可知人們低估了這座山,同時(shí)高估了自己的能力，因此他們陷入麻煩中，即對(duì)情況感到過(guò)于樂(lè)觀導(dǎo)致他們涉險(xiǎn)。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的 "Theywerelucky,hesaidpointingtoCullymore. 'WeranintothisGoodSamaritanhere.可知AustinHill說(shuō)他們很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗麄冇龅搅薈ullymore這個(gè)樂(lè)善好施的人，故推測(cè)Cullymore救了他。故選B。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的 "Hehashelpedhydratesomanyhikersthathehasearnedaheavenlynickname:theWaterAngel.和最后——段中的"Andwiththat,theWaterAngelgoesinsearchofanotherhikerinneed.以及文章主要內(nèi)容可知，本文主要敘述了 Cullymore通過(guò)在山上給登山者發(fā)水來(lái)幫助他們，從而得到水天使”的昵稱，即本文主要講述水天使”的故事。故選Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，段落大意和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8.閱讀理解Needafallfix?Tryonefromthesegreatplaces.MackinacIsland,MichiganTheonlywaytoreachthisfamedcar-freeislandisbyboatandferry,andoncevisitorsarrive,theyareattractedbythehistory,sceneryandfallcolors."It'sathrowbacktoyearspast,alittletown,andthere'sabigstateparkaswell,"Blackwellsays."You'real