【史上最全整理】水輪發(fā)電機(jī)常識-英文詞匯-說明書-安裝工藝英文介紹

水輪機(jī)專用中英文對照術(shù)語（2013年6月4日從好友的空間站收藏）2一般術(shù)語2.1水力機(jī)械hydraulicmachinery2.2水輪機(jī)hydraulicturbine2.3蓄能泵storagepump2.4水泵水輪機(jī)reversibleturbine，pump-turbine2.5旋轉(zhuǎn)方向directionofrotation2.6機(jī)組unit2.13立式、臥式和傾斜式機(jī)組vertical，horizontalandinclinedunit2.14可調(diào)式水力機(jī)械regulatedhydraulicmachinery2.15不可調(diào)式水力機(jī)械non-regulatedhydraulicmachinery2.16主閥mainvalve3.1水輪機(jī)3.1.1反擊式水輪機(jī)reactionturbine3.1.2混流式水輪機(jī)Francisturbine，mixed-flowturbine3.1.3軸流式水輪機(jī)axialturbine3.1.4軸流轉(zhuǎn)槳式水輪機(jī)Kaplanturbine，axial-flowadjustablebladpropellerturbine3.1.5軸流調(diào)槳式水輪機(jī)Thomaturbine3.1.6軸流定槳式水輪機(jī)Propellerturbine3.1.7貫流式水輪機(jī)tubularturbine，throughflowturbine3.1.8燈泡式水輪機(jī)bulbturbine3.1.9豎井貫流式水輪機(jī)pitturbine3.1.10全貫流式水輪機(jī)straightflowturbine，rim-generatorunit3.1.11軸伸貫流式水輪機(jī)（S形水輪機(jī)）tubularturbine（S－typeturbine）3.1.12斜流式水輪機(jī)diagonalturbine3.1.13斜流轉(zhuǎn)槳式水輪機(jī)Deriazturbine3.1.14斜流定槳式水輪機(jī)fixedbladeofDeriazturbine3.1.15沖擊式水輪機(jī)impulsturbine，actionturbine3.1.16水斗式水輪機(jī)Peltonturbine，scoopturbine3.1.17斜擊式水輪機(jī)inclinedjetturbine3.1.18雙擊式水輪機(jī)cross-flowturbine3.2蓄能泵3.2.1混流式（離心式）蓄能泵centrifugalstoragepump，mixed-flowstoragepump3.2.2軸流式蓄能泵propellerstoragepump，axialstoragepump3.2.3斜流式蓄能泵diagonalstoragepump3.2.4多級式蓄能泵multi-stagestoragepump3.3水泵水輪機(jī)（又稱可逆式水輪機(jī)）3.3.1單級水泵水輪機(jī)singalstagepump-turbine3.3.2多級水泵水輪機(jī)multi-stagepump-turbine3.4主閥與閥門3.4.1蝴蝶閥butterflyvalve3.4.2平板蝶閥biplanebutterflyvalve，throughflowbutterflyvalve3.4.3圓筒閥cylindricalvalve，ringgate3.4.4球閥rotaryvalve，sphericalvalve3.4.5盤形閥mushroomvalve，hollow-conevalve，howell-Bungervalve3.4.6針形閥needlevalve3.4.7旁通閥by-passvalve3.4.8直空破壞閥vacuumbreakvalve4結(jié)構(gòu)部件4.1混流式水輪機(jī)4.1.1埋入部件embeddedcomponent4.1.2引水室（turbine）flume4.1.3蝸殼spiralcase4.1.4座環(huán)stayring4.1.5固定導(dǎo)葉stayvane4.1.6蝸殼鼻端spiralcasenose4.1.7基礎(chǔ)環(huán)foundationring，dischargering4.1.8尾水管drafttube4.1.9錐形尾水管conicaldrafttube4.1.10肘形尾水管elbowdrafttube4.1.11尾水管錐管drafttubecone4.1.12尾水管肘管drafttubeelbow4.1.13尾水管擴(kuò)散段drafttubeoutletpart4.1.14尾水管支墩drafttubepier4.1.15尾水管里襯drafttubeliner4.1.16機(jī)坑里襯pitliner4.1.17導(dǎo)水機(jī)構(gòu)distributor4.1.18頂蓋headcover，topcover4.1.19底環(huán)bottomring，bottomcover4.1.20導(dǎo)葉guidevane，wicketgate4.1.21控制環(huán)regulatingring，operatingring4.1.22導(dǎo)葉臂guidevanelever，wicketgatelever4.1.23分半鍵splitkey4.1.24導(dǎo)葉連桿guidevanelink，wicketgatelink4.1.25導(dǎo)葉過載保護(hù)裝置guidevaneoverloadprotectiondevice4.1.26剪斷銷shearpin4.1.27摩擦裝置frictiondevice4.1.28導(dǎo)葉軸承g(shù)uidevanebearing4.1.29導(dǎo)葉止推軸承g(shù)uidevanethrustbearing4.1.30導(dǎo)葉軸密封guidevanestemseal4.1.31導(dǎo)葉端面密封guidevaneendseal4.1.32導(dǎo)葉立面密封guidevaneseal4.1.33抗磨板facingplates，wearplates4.1.34導(dǎo)葉限位塊guidevanestopblock4.1.35導(dǎo)葉接力器guidevaneservomotor4.1.36單導(dǎo)葉接力器individualguidevaneservomotor4.1.37推拉桿pushandpullrod，connectingrod4.1.38調(diào)速軸regulatingshaft4.1.39均壓管balancepipe4.1.40轉(zhuǎn)動部件rotatingcomponent4.1.41轉(zhuǎn)輪runner4.1.42葉片blade4.1.43上冠crown4.1.44下環(huán)band4.1.45泄水錐runnercone4.1.46轉(zhuǎn)輪密封裝置runnerseal4.1.47轉(zhuǎn)輪止漏環(huán)runnerwearingring4.1.48固定止漏環(huán)stationarywearingring4.1.49轉(zhuǎn)輪減壓板decompressionplate4.1.50主軸mainshaft4.1.51導(dǎo)軸承g(shù)uidebearing4.1.52軸領(lǐng)guidebearingcollar4.1.53軸瓦guidebearingshoe4.1.54軸承體guidebearinghousing4.1.55主軸密封裝置mainshaftseal4.1.56檢修密封standstillseal4.1.57聯(lián)軸螺栓couplingbolt4.2軸流式水輪機(jī)和斜流式水輪機(jī)。4.2.1轉(zhuǎn)輪室runnerchamber4.2.2內(nèi)頂蓋（支持蓋）innerheadcover，innertopcover4.2.3轉(zhuǎn)輪體runnerhub4.2.4轉(zhuǎn)葉機(jī)構(gòu)mechanismofrunnerblade4.2.5葉片樞軸runnerbladetrunnion4.2.6轉(zhuǎn)臂(導(dǎo)葉臂)rockerarm4.2.7連桿link4.2.8操作架crosshead4.2.9轉(zhuǎn)輪葉片接力器runnerbladeservomotor4.2.10協(xié)聯(lián)裝置combinationdevice4.2.11受油器oilhead4.5蓄能泵4.5.1吸水管suctiontube4.5.2葉輪impeller4.5.3輪葉impellerblade，impellervane4.5.4葉輪后蓋impellerbackshroud4.5.5葉輪前蓋impellerfrontshroud4.5.6蝸室spiralhousing4.5.7擴(kuò)散管diffuser5性能參數(shù)5.1比能5.1.1比能specificenergy單位質(zhì)量流體所具有的機(jī)械能，是位置比能、壓力比能和速度比能的總和。5.1.2位置比能potentialenergy5.1.3壓力比能pressureenergy5.1.4速度比能velocityenergy5.2水頭5.2.1位置水頭potentialhead5.2.2壓力水頭pressurehead5.2.3速度水頭velocityhead5.2.4總水頭head5.2.5毛水頭grosshead5.2.6凈水頭nethead5.2.7額定水頭ratedhead5.2.8設(shè)計(jì)水頭designhead5.2.9最大（最小）水頭maximum（minimum）head5.2.10加權(quán)平均水頭weightedaveragehead5.2.11蓄能泵揚(yáng)程storagepumphead5.2.12蓄能泵零流量揚(yáng)程no-dischargeheadofstoragepump5.2.13蓄能泵最大（最?。P(yáng)程maximum（minimum）headofstoragepump5.3流量5.3.1水輪機(jī)流量turbinedischarge，turbineflowrate5.3.2蓄能泵流量storagepumpdischarge，storagepumpflowrate5.3.3額定流量rateddischarge5.3.4水輪機(jī)空載流量no-loaddischargeofturbine5.3.5蓄能泵最大（最小）流量maximum（minmum）storagepumpdischarge5.4轉(zhuǎn)速5.4.1額定轉(zhuǎn)速ratedspeed5.4.2水輪機(jī)飛逸轉(zhuǎn)速runawayspeedofsurbine5.4.3蓄能泵［水泵水輪機(jī)的泵工況］反向飛逸轉(zhuǎn)速reverserunawayspeedofstoragepump5.5壓力5.5.1表計(jì)壓力（簡稱為壓力）gaugepressure5.5.2環(huán)境壓力（或大氣壓）atmpsphericpressure5.5.3絕對壓力absolutepressure5.5.4汽化壓力vapourpressure5.6功率5.6.1水輪機(jī)輸入功率turbineinputpower5.6.2水輪機(jī)輸出功率turbineoutputpower5.6.3水輪機(jī)額定輸出功率ratedoutputpowerofturbine5.6.4蓄能泵的輸出功率storagepumpoutputpower5.6.5蓄能泵的輸入功率storagepumpinputpower5.6.6蓄能泵最大輸入功率ratedinputpowerofstoragepump5.6.7蓄能泵零流量功率no-dischargeinputpowerofstoragepump5.6.8蓄能泵最小輸入功率minimuminputpowerofstoragepump5.6.9轉(zhuǎn)輪輸出功率outputpowerofrunner5.6.10葉輪輸入功率inputpowerofimpeller5.6.11轉(zhuǎn)輪輸入功率inputpowerofrunner5.6.12葉輪輸出功率outputpowerofimpeller5.7效率5.7.1效率efficiency5.7.2水輪機(jī)機(jī)械效率mechanicalefficiencyofturbine5.7.3蓄能泵機(jī)械效率mechanicalefficiencyofstoragepump5.7.4水輪機(jī)水力效率hydraulicefficiencyofturbine5.7.5蓄能泵水力效率hydraulicefficiencyofstoragepump5.7.6相對效率relativeefficiency5.7.7加權(quán)（算術(shù)）平均效率weighted（arithmetic）averageefficiency5.7.8積分平均效率planimetricaverageefficiency5.8空化和空蝕5.8.1空化cavitation5.8.2空蝕cavitationerosion5.8.3水輪機(jī)空化系數(shù)cavitationfactorofturbine，cavitationcoefficientofturbine5.8.4蓄能泵空化系數(shù)cavitationfactorofstoragepump，cavitationcoefficientofstoragepump5.8.5臨界空化系數(shù)criticalcavitationfactor5.8.6初生空化系數(shù)incipientcavitationfactor，cavitationinceptionfactor，initialcavitationfactor5.8.7電站空化系數(shù)plantcavitationfactor5.8.8吸出高度staticsuctionofturbine5.8.9吸入高度staticsuctionofstoragepump5.8.10蓄能泵吸入揚(yáng)程損失suctionheadlossofstoragepump5.8.11蓄能泵空化余量（NPSH）（蓄能泵凈吸上揚(yáng)程）netpositivesuctionheadofstoragepump5.8.12安裝高程settingelevation5.8.13空化裕量cavitationmargin5.9暫態(tài)過程5.9.1過渡過程transient5.9.2調(diào)節(jié)保證regulatingguarantee5.9.3水錘waterhammer5.9.4初始壓力initialpressure5.9.5水輪機(jī)最大瞬態(tài)壓力maximummomentarypressureofturbine5.9.6瞬態(tài)壓力變化率momentarypressurevariationratio5.9.7初始轉(zhuǎn)速initialspeed5.9.8水輪機(jī)最大瞬態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)速maximummomentaryoverspeedofturbine5.9.9蓄能泵［水泵水輪機(jī)的泵工況］的最大瞬態(tài)反向轉(zhuǎn)速momentarycounterrotationspeedofstoragepump［pump-conditionofpump-turbine］5.9.10瞬態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)速變化率momentaryspeedvariationratio6滲道參數(shù)6.1轉(zhuǎn)輪（葉輪）公稱直徑runner（impeller）diameter6.2葉片開口bladeopening6.3葉片正（背）面pressure（suction）sideofblade6.4葉片進(jìn)（出）水邊leading（trailing）edge6.5葉片轉(zhuǎn)角bladerotatingangle6.6葉片傾角bladetiltangle6.7葉片安放角bladeangle6.8蝸殼包角noseangle6.9導(dǎo)葉高度guidevaneheight6.13肘形尾水管深度depthofelbowdrafttube6.14節(jié)圓直徑pitchdiameter6.15射流直徑j(luò)etdiameter6.16射流直徑比jetratio6.17射流入射角jetinclinedangle6.18射流橢圓ellipsedofinclinedjet（whenreachingthewheelvane）7試驗(yàn)方面7.1試驗(yàn)類型7.1.1原型（機(jī)）prototype7.1.2模型（機(jī)）model7.1.3驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)acceptancetest7.1.4裝配試驗(yàn)assemblytest7.1.5模型試驗(yàn)modeltest7.1.6性能試驗(yàn)performancetest7.1.7特性試驗(yàn)characteristictest7.1.8飛逸試驗(yàn)runawayspeedtest7.1.9力特性試驗(yàn)forcecharacteristictest7.1.10負(fù)載試驗(yàn)loadtest7.1.11甩負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)loadrejectiontest7.1.12耐壓試驗(yàn)pressuretest7.1.13效率試驗(yàn)efficiencytest7.1.14空化試驗(yàn)cavitationtest7.1.15壓力脈動試驗(yàn)pressurefluctuationtest7.1.16補(bǔ)氣試驗(yàn)airadmissiontest7.1.17水輪機(jī)功率試驗(yàn)turbineoutputtest7.2運(yùn)行工況7.2.1（運(yùn)行）工況operatingcondition7.2.2最優(yōu)工況optimumoperatingcondition7.2.3飛逸工況runawayspeedoperatingcondition7.2.4空載工況no-loadoperatingcondition7.2.5相似工況similaroperatingcondition7.2.6協(xié)聯(lián)工況combinedcondition7.3力特性7.3.1力特性forcecharacter7.3.2導(dǎo)葉力特性guidevaneforcecharacter7.3.3葉片力特性bladeforcecharacter7.3.4水推力hydraulicthrust7.3.5徑向力radialforce，lateralforce7.4單位量7.4.1單位轉(zhuǎn)速unitspeed7.4.2單位流量unitdischarge7.4.3單位功率unitpower7.4.4單位飛逸轉(zhuǎn)速unitrunawayspeed7.4.5單位水推力unithydraulicthrust7.4.6單位水力矩unithydraulictorque7.4.7水輪機(jī)比轉(zhuǎn)速specificspeedofturbine7.4.8蓄能泵［水泵水輪機(jī)的泵工況］的流量比轉(zhuǎn)速dischargespecificspeedofstoragepump7.4.9最優(yōu)比轉(zhuǎn)速optimumspecificspeed7.4.10（水輪機(jī)）壓力脈動（turbine）pressurefluctuation7.5特性曲線7.5.1（水輪機(jī)）綜合特性曲線（turbine）efficiencyhilldiagram，combinedcharacteristiccurve7.5.2（水輪機(jī)）運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)特性曲線（turbine）performancecurve7.5.3飛逸特性曲線runawayspeedcurve7.5.4水泵水輪機(jī)全特性completecharacteristicsofpump-turbine準(zhǔn)備工作Preparations準(zhǔn)備工作Preparations機(jī)坑里襯、接力器里襯安裝Pitliner,servomotor機(jī)坑里襯、接力器里襯安裝Pitliner,servomotorlinerinstallation澆二期砼Placestage澆二期砼Placestage2ndconcrete尾水管里襯安裝Drafttubelinerinstallation澆二期砼Placestage2ndconcrete座環(huán)安裝Stayringinstallation澆二期砼Placestage2ndconcrete座環(huán)安裝Stayringinstallation定子基礎(chǔ)板及定子安裝Statorfoundationplateandstatorinstallation蝸殼安裝Spiralcasinginstallation定子基礎(chǔ)板及定子安裝Statorfoundationplateandstatorinstallation蝸殼安裝Spiralcasinginstallation澆二期砼Placestage2ndconcrete澆二期砼Placestage2ndconcrete上機(jī)架安裝定位、蓋板安裝Upperbracketinstallation上機(jī)架安裝定位、蓋板安裝Upperbracketinstallationlocalization,coverplateinstallation吊開上機(jī)架及蓋板Liftawayupperbracketandcoverplate空氣冷卻器安裝Aircoolerinstallation吊開上機(jī)架及蓋板Liftawayupperbracketandcoverplate空氣冷卻器安裝Aircoolerinstallation下機(jī)架埋件及下機(jī)架的安裝Lowerbracketembedmentandlowerbracketinstallation下機(jī)架埋件及下機(jī)架的安裝Lowerbracketembedmentandlowerbracketinstallation啟動試運(yùn)行Startcommissioning水輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)輪整體吊入啟動試運(yùn)行Startcommissioning水輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)輪整體吊入Turbinerunnerintegrallyliftedin主軸轉(zhuǎn)輪的聯(lián)接Theconnectionofthemainshaftrunner主軸轉(zhuǎn)輪的聯(lián)接Theconnectionofthemainshaftrunner充水試驗(yàn)、參數(shù)整定Fillingwatertest,parameteradjusting充水試驗(yàn)、參數(shù)整定Fillingwatertest,parameteradjusting轉(zhuǎn)子整體吊入Rotorliftedinintegrally上機(jī)架吊裝、復(fù)位Upperbracketlifting,reset轉(zhuǎn)輪檢查Runnerinspection上機(jī)架吊裝、復(fù)位Upperbracketlifting,reset轉(zhuǎn)輪檢查Runnerinspection清掃、加油Clean,oilfilling清掃、加油Clean,oilfilling導(dǎo)軸承、推力軸承安裝Guidebearing,thrustbearinginstallation導(dǎo)軸承、推力軸承安裝Guidebearing,thrustbearinginstallation導(dǎo)軸瓦間隙調(diào)整及油槽裝配Guidebearingpadgapadjustmentandoilslotassembly發(fā)電機(jī)軸線找正Generatoraxiallinecentering正導(dǎo)軸瓦間隙調(diào)整及油槽裝配Guidebearingpadgapadjustmentandoilslotassembly發(fā)電機(jī)軸線找正Generatoraxiallinecentering正機(jī)組復(fù)裝Unitfitback機(jī)組復(fù)裝Unitfitback推力瓦受力調(diào)整Thrustpadloadingadjustment機(jī)組軸線找正Unitaxiallinecentering聯(lián)軸Coupling機(jī)組軸線找正Unitaxiallinecentering聯(lián)軸Coupling1水輪機(jī)安裝工藝措施Turbineinstallationtechnologicalmea