2019年高考英語一輪抓綱務(wù)本模塊3Unit1Theworldofoursenses牛津譯林版1

模塊3Unit1Theworldofoursenses李仕才一、閱讀理解。Ifyou'remakingdeterminationforahealthiernewyear,consideragutmakeover腸道清理)hangingyourmicrobecommunity微生物群)howevermaynotbeeasy，andnobodyknowshowlongitmighttake.That'sbecausetheecosystemalreadyestablishedinyourgutdetermineshowitabsorbsandprocessesnutrients.Soifthemicrobecommunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersandpizz，aforexample，itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapedbyvegetablesandfruitsthathasamorevariedmicrobecommunity.“Thenutritionalvalueoffoodisinfluencedinpartbythemicrobecommunitythatencountersthatfood，”saidDrJeffreyGordon，theseniorauthorofthenewpaperanddirectoroftheCenterforGenomeScienceandSystemsBiologyattheWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.“Nutritionalcomponentsofahealthydiethavetobeviewedfromtheinsideout，”hesaid，“notjusttheoutsidein.”O(jiān)neofthequestionsthestudysetouttoanswerwashowindividualswithdifferentdietsrespondwhentheytrytoimprovetheireatinghabits.Thescientistsharvestedgutbacteriafromhumans，transplantedthemintomicebredundergerm-freeconditions，andthenfedthemiceeitherAmerican-styleorplant-baseddiets.Thescientiststhenanalyzedchangesinthemice'smicrobecommunities.Ofinterest，thescientistsharvestedthegutbacteriafrompeoplewhofollowedsharplydifferentdiets.OnegroupateafairlytypicalAmericandiet，consumingabout3000caloriesaday，highinanimalproteinswithfewfruitsandvegetables.Someoftheirfavoritefoodswereprocessedcheeseandlunchmeat.Theothergroupconsistedofpeoplewhowerecalorie-restricted.Theyatelessthan1800caloriesadayandhadcarefullytrackedwhattheyateforatleasttwoyears，stickingtoamostlyplant-baseddietandconsumingfarlessanimalproteinthantheothergroup，athirdfewercarbohydrates碳水化合物andonlyhalfthefat.Thiscalorie-restrictedgroup，theresearchersfound，hadafarricherandmorediversemicrobecommunityinthegutthanthoseeatingatypicalAmericandiet.Theyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria，knowntopromotehealth，thatareuniquetotheirplant-baseddiet.Perhapsthebestwaytoshapeahealthiermicrobecommunityistoeatmorefiberbyconsumingmorefruit，vegetables，wholegrains，andnutsorseeds，”saidMeghanJardi，neadietitianwhowasnotinvolvedinthecurrentstudybuthaspublishedarticlesonpromotinghealthymicrobecommunities.Suhregespeopletoaimfor40to50gramsoffiber，dawileyllabovelevelsrecommendedbymostdietaryguidelines.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Changingmicrobiomeisfairlyeasy.B．Ecosystemingutisshapedbycarbohydrates.C．Nutritionalcomponentsaredeterminedbyfoodintake.D．Astohealthydiets，microbecommunitsyhapedbyvegetablesandfruitrespondmorequicklythanthatshapedbyjunkfood.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutMeghanJardine?A．Shesuggestseatingaslittleaspossible.B．Sheattachesgreatimportancetofiber.C．Sheisoneoftheresearchersofthecurrentstudy.D．Sheadvocatesconsumingmoremeatindailylife.3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardgutmakeover?A．Concerned.B．Opposed.C．Indifferent.．DNervous.4．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MicrobecommunityinourgutB．AgutmakeoverforthenewyearC．DietaryguidelinesfordailydietsD．Thebestwaytowardsahealthiermicrobecommunity【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了清理腸道的原因及具體做法。長難句分析：hyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria,knortoprootehealth,thatareuniquetotheirplant-baseddiet.（第四段最后一句分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。knontoprootehealt是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾bacteria；that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞bacteria。譯文：它們還攜帶好幾種已知能促進(jìn)健康的有益菌，這些有益菌是他們吃的素食中獨(dú)有的。詞匯積累：deterinatiom.決心establish丫.建立absorb丫.吸收coponentn.組成部分transplantv.移植consuev消費(fèi)，消耗i推理判斷題。oiftheicrobecommunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersan，dfpoirzezxaample,itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapebdyvegetablaesndfruitsthathasamorevariemdicrobecommunit第一段最后一句譯文：所以如果你腸道里的微生物群是由漢堡和披薩組成的日常飲食塑造而成，它產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)的速度就不會像一個(gè)由蔬菜和水果塑造的腸道那么快，因?yàn)楹笳邠碛懈鄻踊奈⑸锶?。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，對于健康飲食，由蔬菜和水果形成的微生物群比垃圾食品形成的微生物群起效快。故選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。erhstheestwtosheheIthiermicroecommunitistoeatmorefiberbyconsumingmorefruit,veg，etwahoblelegsrains，andnutsorseeds..最.（后一段第一句）譯文：或許形成更健康的微生物群的最佳方式是通過吃更多的水果、蔬菜、全麥?zhǔn)称芬约皥?jiān)果或植物種子來攝入更多纖維……解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，eghnrdin為纖維很重要。故選。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)作者在第二段引用的華盛頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院ereordom的話以及最后一段引用的營養(yǎng)師eghnrd的話可推斷出，作者很關(guān)注腸道清理。項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)心的”；項(xiàng)意為“反對的”；項(xiàng)意為“漠不關(guān)心的”；項(xiàng)意為“緊張的”。故選。4．B標(biāo)題概括題。第一段就點(diǎn)明了文章的主題，即“進(jìn)行腸道清理可以讓人更健康”。接下來的四段內(nèi)容都是圍繞腸道清理這個(gè)主題，包括清理腸道的原因、所做的實(shí)驗(yàn)以及如何清理腸道。項(xiàng)能概括文章的主題，適合做標(biāo)題。故選。二、單項(xiàng)填空.Tmhoementhecameintohisroom,hesomethingwrong,thoughhecouldn’ttell.A.noticedB.sensedC.feltD.smelt【答案】I【解祈】noticed注意到；sensed感覺到,意識到；felt感覺ssmelt聞到口句意：他一進(jìn)入房間，就感覺到館識到出了問題，可他又說不清◎選&feel做為燈感覺”是連系動詞后面要接形容詞作表語◎2.Beftohreecampst,hekidsmighthavtehoughtAmericanasredifficultto,butthroughtheexperiencdeuringthecampst,heyknowAmericanasreveryfriendly.A.recognizeB.acknowledgeC.approachD.confirm【答案】【解析】句意：在參加夏令營之前，孩子們可能覺得美國人很難接近，但通過在夏令營里的經(jīng)歷，他們知道美國人是很友好的。recognie認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出；acknowledge承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；approach接近，靠近；coniri確定，證實(shí)。.ThePresidentthewoman’sservicetohercountrybyawardingheramedal.A.acceptedB.recognizedC.declaredD.realized【答案】【解析】accept接受；recognie認(rèn)可，認(rèn)出；declare宣布，聲稱；realie實(shí)現(xiàn)，意識到。recogniesth"認(rèn)可……承認(rèn)……”。句意：總統(tǒng)肯定了這位婦女對國家所做出的工作，授予了她一枚勛章。.—Theriverrunsclear.-Weallappreciatetheimportancethelocalgovernmenthastheenvironientalprotection.A.attachedtoB.leftforC.respondedtoD.learntfrom【答案】【解析】句意：“這條小溪很清澈?！薄拔覀兌己芨屑ぎ?dāng)?shù)卣畬Νh(huán)境保護(hù)給予重視。"attachimportancetodoingsomething重視，著重于，對給予重視；letor動身前往某地；respondedto響應(yīng)；leantrom向?qū)W習(xí)。.Anappropriatelydressedspeakerismoretoleaveapleasantimpressionontheaudience.A.capableB.probableC.possibleD.likely【答案】【解析】￡血/魴玉likely的出＞仙一句意：一位有合裝扮的演說者更可能給觀眾留下一個(gè)令人愉快的印象.Thedoctoratthepatientquicklyandrangforanambulanceimmediately.A.glancedB.glaredC.gazedD.stared【答案】【解析】句意：快速看了一眼病人之后，這位醫(yī)生立即打電話叫了一輛救護(hù)車。glanceat匆匆地看一眼；glareat怒目而視；gaeat因驚訝、喜悅或有興趣而注視，凝視；stareat因吃驚、恐懼等而盯著看。.See,yourcomepruthasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn’tsensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.

.haveake..haveake.displayring【答案】【解析】句意：看看，你的電腦又壞了！只為省幾美元買最便宜牌子的電腦是沒有意義的。aesenS有意義。.Aftear5-minuditsecussion,wecameupwithabettert_o_th_emathproblem.A.accessB.wayC.approachD.aspect【答案】【解析】句意：在五分鐘的討論之后，我們想出了一個(gè)更好的解決這道數(shù)學(xué)題的方法◎a8css通路，接近的權(quán)利和機(jī)會sway方式，方法sapproadi通道，方法s呼ect方面◎在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A,C選項(xiàng)可以和介詞to搭配，jfnaccess是不可數(shù)名詞，前面沒有冠詞，如固定短語：haveaccesstoo.Wehadn’tseeneachotherforyearsandhehadchangedagreatdeal,soIdidn’thimatfirst.A.realizeB.repeatC.knowD.recognize【答案】【解析】句意：我們已經(jīng)好幾年沒見過面了，而且他改變了許多，因此剛開始的時(shí)候我都認(rèn)不出他來了。recognie認(rèn)出，識別，符合句意。0.The22ndAPECsummithascometoanend,buttheChineseelementsmeetingshavedrawnwidespreadattentionfromthepublic.A.absorbedinB.concernedaboutC.modeledafterD.attachedto【答案】【解析】asored專心致志于；concernedao對關(guān)心；odeledafter效仿；attachedto（使）依附于，使相關(guān)。句意：第22屆亞太經(jīng)合組織會議落下了帷幕，但是與這次會議有關(guān)的中國元素受到公眾的普遍關(guān)注。.Look,darkcloudsaregathering.Itistorainsoon.A.probablyB.possiblyC.likelyD.perhaps【答案】【解析】句意：看，天上烏云密布，可能很快就要下雨了。roa彳很可能；ossily大概，也許；liely可能的；erha也許，大概。liely是形容詞，Itsislielytodosth很有可能做某事。.HemusthavesensedthatIwaslookingathim.Hesuddenlymeandsa

uietlareouelikethatuietlareouelikethatA.gazedat,glaringatB.staredat,gazingatglancedat,staringatD.lookedat,glancingat【答案】【解析】glanceat瞥一眼，匆匆看一下；sta田t睜大眼睛凝視、盯著或瞪著看。句意：他一定是注意到我在看著他。他突然朝我看了一眼，然后輕聲問道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？”Jackisgotoschool,sohismotherhastostayathometolookaftehim.A.youngenoughtoB.oldenoughtoC.tooyoungtoveryoldto【答案】【解析】too…to…"太而不能”的結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)sohisothehastostaathoetolookatehi可知他太小而不能去上學(xué)所以他的母親不得不呆在家里來照看他）所以選c注意：“Jackisoldenoughtogotoschool”的意思是：杰克已經(jīng)到了上學(xué)的年齡?！?Doyouregretpaying20,000dollarsforthesecond-handcar?—Notabit.Ithinkitdeserves.A.asmorethantwicemanyB.morethantwiceasmuchc.morethanastwicemuchD.morethantwiceasmany【答案】【解析】在眼一斑…結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示倍數(shù)的詞或程度副詞都放在第一個(gè)3S之前0回￥修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Smuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞。故選Bo句意：”為這輛二手車你花了2Q000美元，你不覺得后悔嗎？*“一點(diǎn)也不后悔口我認(rèn)為這輛二手車的價(jià)值應(yīng)該是這兩倍多的價(jià)錢產(chǎn).ForeignMinistryspokeswomanHuachunyingansweredthequestionhasconfidenceinthesuccessofitsnewroundofreforms.A.whatB.whetherc.thatD.when【答案】【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，作uestior的同位語，從句在結(jié)構(gòu)上很完整，排除代詞hat句意：外交部女發(fā)言人華春瑩回答了中國對新一輪改革的成功是否有信心這一問題。三、完形填空Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.Throughoutschoolshewriting,butpursuing追求itwasneverapossibility.erfatherwasadoctor,hermotheranurse.“Medicinewasafairlyoption”Moirasays.“ncwritingwasacareerwhereitwasn'tathatyou'dhavehighincome.”Shebecameadoctorbutstillwantedtodosomewriting.However,beingadoctorwassothatshedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties.Sheanovel—afictionalizedversionofhertravelsinChinaafteruniversity.Shegotexcellent7.Moirasentitofftoasmanyagentsasshecouldfind,andfoundonewhowantedtoher.Suddenly,itseemedshewasonherasanauthor.“Ihadonelengthyphonecallwiththeagentwherewealpossibleareasshethoughtneeded.Iworkedonthoseandsentitbacktoherbutdidn'thearanything.”ItwasnotlongMoirfoundanotheragentwhowasishewaswillingtorewriteitfromthefirstpersontothethirdperson.Shedidthehardworkandsentitoffagain.“Igotbackareallybriefletter：‘Thankyou,I'mnolongerinterested.’Itwasreally.”decadewentby,andMoirafoundherselfeagertowriteagain,thistimeforherownenoyment.SheherselfthechallengeofcreatingathrillerandchoseWesternAustraliaashersetting.Asshewaswritingjustforherself,somethingsurprisingbegantohappen.“Thecharactersalifeoftheirown;theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout.Itustout.”O(jiān)neday,anagentcalledfromustralia.Threeweekslater,Moirahadapublicationdeal.Hernovel,Cicada,waspublishedinMarch.“ithadn'tbeenpublishedIstillgainedsomuchfromthe,”saysMoira.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文通過Moira愛好寫作并堅(jiān)持寫作的故事告訴我們：每個(gè)人都要為實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想而去努力嘗試，只有經(jīng)歷過才能夠有所得，在追求的過程中不要過于擔(dān)心結(jié)果，只有這樣才能成功。1．A.learntB．a(chǎn)voidedC．consideredD．enjoyed解析：根據(jù)首句“Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.”可知，從童年開始，oira就愛好寫作；由此推斷，在上學(xué)期間，她仍然喜歡en"0寫作。2．A.activelyB．professionallyC．energeticallyD．permanently解析：根據(jù)生活常識及該句中的關(guān)鍵詞“neverapossibility”可知，把寫作當(dāng)作職業(yè)來追求幾乎是不可能的。actively“積極地”；professionally”作為職業(yè)地”；energetically“精力充沛地”；permanently“永久地”。3．A.influentialB．explicitC．terribleD．safe解析：根據(jù)空處前一句“Herfatherwasadoctor，hermotheranurse.”可知，她的父母會給予她醫(yī)學(xué)方面很多的幫助，所以oira認(rèn)為醫(yī)學(xué)是一個(gè)十分安全的safe)擇。4．A.dreamB．purposeC．choiceD．certainty解析：根據(jù)空后的“you'dhavehighincome”可知，oira也認(rèn)為寫作是一個(gè)不一定能帶來高收入的職業(yè)。certainty“確定的事”，符合語境，所以選項(xiàng)正確。5．A.promisingB．discouragingC．demandingD．interesting解析：根據(jù)空后的“shedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties”可知，醫(yī)生是一個(gè)要求很高的職業(yè)，因此她直到三十多歲才開始寫作。promising“有希望的，有前途的"；discouraging“使人泄氣的"；demanding“苛刻的，要求高的”；interesting“有趣的”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。6．A.producedB．introducedC．boughtD．receivedA解析：根據(jù)語境可知，她以大學(xué)畢業(yè)后在中國的旅游經(jīng)歷為背景創(chuàng)作了一本小說。produce"創(chuàng)作，生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生”；introduce“介紹”；buy“買”；receive“收到”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。7．A.rewardsB．readersC．reviewsD．praises解析：根據(jù)該段最后一句“Suddenly，itseemedshewasonherasanauthor.”可以判斷，這部小說寫出來后，她得到了極好的評論。reward"報(bào)酬”；reader“讀者”；review“評論”；praise“贊揚(yáng)”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。8．A.employB．representC．trustD．guideB解析：根據(jù)語境可知，在眾多的代理人中有一個(gè)人愿意代理出版這本小說。employ”雇用，使用"；represent”代表，代理"；trust“信任”；guide“指導(dǎo)”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。9．A.ownB．feetC．wayD．business解析：根據(jù)語境可知，她似乎突然就要成為作家了。陽one'sway”即將到達(dá)或發(fā)生”，所以選項(xiàng)正確。10．A.tookoffB．wentthroughC．pulleddownD．cameover解析：根據(jù)語境可知，oira在電話中與代理人就小說中所有代理人認(rèn)為需要潤色polishing的地方進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)琢磨wentthrough。takeoff"脫下，起飛”；gothrough"仔細(xì)察看，仔細(xì)琢磨”；pulldown“拆毀，推翻"；comeover“過來，來訪”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。1．1A.deletingB．a(chǎn)daptingC．polishingD．covering解析：參見上題解析。delete“刪除"；adapt"適應(yīng)，改編"；polish"修改，潤色"；cover”覆蓋，報(bào)道”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。12．A.beforeB．a(chǎn)fterC．sinceD．when解析：根據(jù)上文中的“sentitbacktoherbutdidn'thearanything”可知，oira重新把小說發(fā)給代理人但是沒有收到任何回復(fù)，不久之后oira找到了另外一個(gè)代理人。句型Itwasn'tlongbefore...意思是“不久之后……”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。13．A.fascinatedB．interestedC．a(chǎn)nxiousD．a(chǎn)mused解析：根據(jù)下文中的“I'mnolongerinterested”可知，此處指這位代理人對她的書感興趣。fascinated“入迷的"；interested“感興趣的"；anxious"焦急的，憂慮的"；amused“逗笑的”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。common．a(chǎn)bsurdcommonC．terrifyingD．disappointing解析：從兩位代理人的態(tài)度可知，oira這兩次都以失敗告終，所以這件事情肯定令她感到失望。common“共同的"；absurd“荒謬的"；terrifying“令人恐懼的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。15．A.purelyB．wonderfullyC．instantlyD．sadly解析：根據(jù)該句中的“foundherselfeagertowriteagainownenoymient可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己渴望再次寫作，而這次寫作僅僅purely是為了個(gè)人樂趣。purely”僅僅，純粹地"；wonderfully"非常好，非?！?；instantly“立即”；sadly“悲傷地”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。.A.setB．foundC．madeD．permitted解析：根據(jù)語境可知，或「狗自己提出$6=了一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，寫一部驚險(xiǎn)小說。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)"；make“整理；進(jìn)行"；permit"允許，許可”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。1．7A.putupB．tookonC．wentoverD．gotdown解析：根據(jù)該句“Thecharactersalifeoftheirown；theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout”可知，小說中的人物開始具有took。9他們自己的生活。putup"建造；張貼"；takeon”開始具有某種特征、面貌等）"；goover”仔細(xì)檢查”；getdown”下來；取下”。所以選項(xiàng)正確。18．A.flewB．broughtC．brokeD．carried解析：根據(jù)下文可